KR101055797B1 - Track circuit based continuous control train protection method - Google Patents

Track circuit based continuous control train protection method Download PDF

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KR101055797B1
KR101055797B1 KR1020090081252A KR20090081252A KR101055797B1 KR 101055797 B1 KR101055797 B1 KR 101055797B1 KR 1020090081252 A KR1020090081252 A KR 1020090081252A KR 20090081252 A KR20090081252 A KR 20090081252A KR 101055797 B1 KR101055797 B1 KR 101055797B1
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South Korea
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train
speed
track circuit
protection
track
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KR1020090081252A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20110023396A (en
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신덕호
이재호
윤용기
김용규
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한국철도기술연구원
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B61L23/08Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains for controlling traffic in one direction only
    • B61L23/14Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains for controlling traffic in one direction only automatically operated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/04Automatic systems, e.g. controlled by train; Change-over to manual control
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/16Continuous control along the route
    • B61L3/22Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation
    • B61L3/221Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation using track circuits
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61LGUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2201/00Control methods

Abstract

본 발명은 일반 철도에서 사용하고 있는 차상신호(ATP, Automatic Train Protection) 방식을 기존 발리스를 사용하는 불연속제어방식에서 가청주파수(AF) 궤도회로를 사용하는 연속제어방식으로 개선하여 열차운행의 연속적인 안전을 확보하고, 특히 현재 불연속정보수신방식의 한계로 인해 입환작업시 정지신호침범에 대한 방호기능이 구현되지 않는 단점을 보완하여 입환작업 중에도 기관사 실수에 대한 열차충돌을 방지하는 방법이다.The present invention improves the on-vehicle signal (ATP, Automatic Train Protection) method used in the general railway from the discontinuous control method using the existing bales to the continuous control method using the audible frequency (AF) track circuit to continue the train operation. It is a method of securing train safety and preventing train collisions against engineer errors even during an exchange operation by supplementing the disadvantage that the protection function for stop signal violation is not implemented during an exchange operation due to the limitation of the current discontinuous information reception method.

열차방호, 궤도회로, 연속정보송신 Train protection, track circuit, continuous information transmission

Description

궤도회로기반 연속제어 열차방호방법{The Train Protection Method Using Continuous Control Based Track Circuit}The Train Protection Method Using Continuous Control Based Track Circuit

본 발명은 선행열차와의 충돌방지 및 과속으로 인한 탈선을 방지하는 열차방호방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 지상장치로부터 선행열차 위치 및 구간의 제한속도를 수신하여 차상장치가 속도감시프로파일을 생성하여 열차의 과속에 대한 방호를 수행하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a train protection method for preventing collision with the preceding train and preventing derailment due to overspeed. In particular, the on-vehicle device generates a speed monitoring profile by receiving the speed limit of the preceding train position and section from the ground apparatus. It is to carry out protection against speeding.

열차의 과속에 대한 방호는 이동이 허가된 지점을 통과하지 않도록 열차의 제동성능을 고려하여 속도감시프로파일을 생성한 후, 열차의 운행속도가 속도감시프로파일의 허용속도를 초과하는 경우 차상장치가 제동장치를 구동하여 열차속도를 감소시키거나 정지시키는 원리이다.In case of the protection against overspeed of the train, the speed monitoring profile is generated in consideration of the braking performance of the train so as not to pass through the authorized point of the train, and then the in-vehicle system is braked if the speed of the train exceeds the allowable speed of the speed monitoring profile. It is a principle to reduce or stop the train speed by driving the device.

이에 따라 기존 철도신호에는 도 1과 같이 지상장치에서 차상장치로 데이터를 전송하기 위한 방법으로 지상의 특정구간에 발리스(Balise)(2)를 설치하여 열차의 통과시 차상으로 정보를 송신한다. 즉, 발리스(2)가 설치된 선로(1)의 일정 구 간을 통과하면 열차 방호를 위한 기본정보(선행열차위치를 고려한 이동권한 및 구간제한속도)를 수신하여 속도감시프로파일을 갱신한다.Accordingly, as a method for transmitting data from the ground apparatus to the onboard apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, a ballis 2 is installed in a specific section of the ground to transmit information to the onboard vehicle when the train passes. In other words, when passing through a certain section of the track (1) in which the ballistics (2) is installed, it receives the basic information for the protection of the train (movement authority and section limit speed considering the preceding train position) and updates the speed monitoring profile.

갱신된 속도감시프로파일은 열차의 길이, 제동성능, 기관사 반응시간을 고려한 거리별 제한속도로써 선행열차와의 충돌을 방지하기 위한 이동거리별 제한속도를 제공한다.The updated speed monitoring profile provides speed limit by distance to prevent collision with preceding trains by limiting speed by distance considering train length, braking performance and engineer response time.

예컨대 종래의 열차 방호는, 도 1과 같이 열차(5)의 전두부 하부에 설치된 안테나(6)가 발리스(2)를 통과하면서 지상에서 차상으로 전송되는 정보를 바탕으로 차상장치가 방호 패턴을 생성하며, 다음 발리스까지는 속도감시프로파일을 갱신하지 않고 운행한다. 따라서 선행열차와의 안전한 간격 유지를 위해서는 선행열차가 점유된 궤도회로에 추가로 안전궤도회로 폐색을 추가한 신호기(3)까지가 열차의 이동권한이 된다.For example, in the conventional train protection, as shown in FIG. 1, the on-vehicle device generates a protection pattern based on information transmitted from the ground to the vehicle while the antenna 6 installed under the front head of the train 5 passes through the bales 2. It runs without updating the speed monitoring profile until the next balis. Therefore, in order to maintain a safe distance from the preceding train, the right of movement of the train becomes the signal 3 to which the safety track circuit occlusion is added to the track circuit occupied by the preceding train.

그런데, 이러한 종래의 열차 방호 시스템은 도 2와 같이 역 구내에서 열차의 분리 또는 조성을 위한 입환작업시에는 지상장치로부터 수신되는 발리스 안테나의 위치를 통과해야만 정보가 갱신되는 불연속제어방식의 한계로 다양한 진로에서 병합되는 입환열차들에 대한 방호가 불가능하므로, 현재는 입환작업의 제한속도인 45km/h에 대한 속도초과만 방호하여, 기관사 실수로 인해 정지신호를 침범하는 경우 선행열차와 충돌이 발생할 수 있다.However, the conventional train protection system has various limitations of the discontinuous control method in which information is updated only when passing through the position of the balis antenna received from the ground apparatus during an exchange operation for separating or forming trains in the station premises as shown in FIG. 2. Since it is impossible to protect the incoming and outgoing trains merged in the course, currently only the speed exceeding the speed limit of 45km / h is required. have.

즉, 도 2는 기존 철도의 불연속방식 열차방호방법으로 인한 입환시의 열차충돌을 설명하는 개념도로서, 열차2는 발리스4에서 정차한 상태에서 열차1이 발리스2를 통과하는 경우 진행방향인 발리스5까지 궤도점유정보가 없으므로, 열차1은 발리 스2와 발리스3으로부터 발리스5까지 진행허가를 취득한다. 이러한 상태로 열차가 발리스3을 통과한 직후에 입환적으로 인해 정차한 사이에 열차2가 발리스4를 통과하여 발리스5까지 진행하는 경우 열차2로 인해 발리스3의 신호기가 정지 현시되어도 기관사가 이를 인식하지 못할 수 있으며, 열차1이 발리스3을 통과하는 시점에 열차2가 발리스5에 위치하여 발리스3에 정지신호가 현시된 경우 기관사 실수에 의해 발리스3을 통과하게 되면 자동방호장치가 동작하지 않아서(제한속도 45km/h에 대해서만 방호를 수행) 열차 충돌이 발생할 수 있는 것이다.That is, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a train collision at the time of exchange due to the discontinuous train protection method of the existing railroad. Since there is no track occupancy information until Bally 5, train 1 obtains a permit from Bally 2 and Bally 3 to Bally 5. In this state, if the train 2 passes through the ball 4 and goes to the ball 5 immediately after the train has passed through the ball 3, even if the signal of the ball 3 is stopped due to the train 2, The driver may not be aware of this, and when train 1 passes through ballis 3, if train 2 is located in ballis 5 and a stop signal is displayed on ballis 3, it will pass through ballis 3 due to a driver error. The automatic protection device does not work (protection only for speed limit of 45km / h) and train collision may occur.

본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 과제는 지상장치와 차상장치의 불연속 정보전송의 한계를 극복하기 위해 궤도회로에 열차방호를 위한 정보(선행 열차위치를 고려한 이동권한 및 구간제한속도)를 송신하여 열차 진행방향의 환경변화를 실시간으로 반영한 속도감시프로파일을 연속적으로 생성하는 궤도회로기반 연속제어 열차방호방법을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention is to solve this problem, the problem of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of the discontinuous transmission of information of the ground and on-vehicle device information for the train protection in the track circuit (movement authority and section limitation considering the preceding train position It is to provide a track circuit-based continuous control train protection method for continuously generating a speed monitoring profile reflecting the environmental changes in the direction of the train in real time by transmitting the speed.

상술한 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명에서는 신호기의 상태를 인식하는 선로변 전자유닛에서 열차의 이동권한 및 선로제한속도정보를 선로 상에 소정 간격으로 다수 설치된 송신기 및 수신기로 이루어진 궤도회로를 통해 연속으로 수신한 후 열차의 이동방향 전방의 환경변화를 실시간으로 속도감시프로파일에 반영하는 궤도회로기반 연속제어 열차방호방법이 제공된다.In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, in the track-side electronic unit that recognizes the state of the signal, continuous movement of the train and track speed limit information of the train through a track circuit comprising a plurality of transmitters and receivers installed at predetermined intervals on the track. Provided is a track circuit-based continuous control train protection method that reflects environmental changes in front of the train's moving direction in real-time in a speed monitoring profile.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 의하면, 선행열차위치 및 구간제한속도의 변경사항을 지상에서 차상으로 연속방식으로 전송하여 운행조건 변화에 따른 열차방호를 수행한다. 특히 기존 입환작업시 제한속도감시에 대한 기능을 발전시켜, 입환작업으로 인한 진행방향의 열차위치에 대한 충돌을 억제하기 위한 방호를 수행한다.According to the present invention configured as described above, the change of the preceding train position and the section limit speed are transmitted from the ground to the vehicle in a continuous manner to perform the train protection according to the change in operating conditions. In particular, by developing a function for speed limit monitoring during the existing transfer operation, it performs protection to suppress the collision of the train position in the progress direction due to the exchange operation.

이하에서는, 본 발명에 의한 궤도회로기반 디지털 연속제어 열차방호방법의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부 도면을 참고하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a track circuit-based digital continuous control train protection method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명에 의한 궤도회로기반 연속제어 열차방호시스템은 도 3 및 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 선로(10) 상에 소정 간격으로 다수 설치되어 궤도회로(20)를 이루는 송신기(21) 및 수신기(22), 각 궤도회로의 수신기(22)에 전기적으로 연결되는 자동폐색장치를 포함한다.As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the track circuit-based continuous control train protection system according to the present invention includes a plurality of transmitters 21 and receivers installed on the track 10 at predetermined intervals to form the track circuit 20. 22), an automatic blocking device electrically connected to the receiver 22 of each track circuit.

또한, 본 발명에서도 기존과 마찬가지로 신호기의 상태를 인식하여 이동권한을 생성하는 선로변 전자유닛이 구비된다.In addition, the present invention is provided with a line side electronic unit for generating the movement authority by recognizing the state of the signal as in the conventional.

이때 궤도회로(20)는 AF 궤도회로와 같이 디지털정보의 전송이 가능한 궤도회로이며, 열차(40)의 점유 및 비점유를 검지하기 위한 궤도주파수에 선로변 전자유닛에서 생성한 이동권한 및 구간 제한속도를 정합하여 궤도회로를 통해 차상장치로 정보를 전송한다.At this time, the track circuit 20 is a track circuit capable of transmitting digital information, such as an AF track circuit, and limits the movement rights and sections generated by the track side electronic unit at the track frequency for detecting the occupancy and non-occupancy of the train 40. The speed is matched and the information is transmitted to the onboard device through the track circuit.

한편, 본 발명에 의한 궤도회로기반 디지털 연속제어 열차방호방법은 신호기상태를 인식하여 열차의 이동권한 및 선로제한속도정보를 궤도회로를 통해 연속으로 수신하여 열차의 이동방향 전방의 환경변화를 실시간으로 속도감시프로파일에 반영하도록 구성된다.On the other hand, the track circuit-based digital continuous control train protection method according to the present invention recognizes the signal state and continuously receives the movement authority and track limit speed information of the train through the track circuit to change the environment in front of the moving direction of the train in real time. It is configured to reflect in the speed monitoring profile.

즉, 종래 기술의 도 1과 같이 약 800m 간격으로 설치된 신호기의 상태를 인 식하여 이동권한을 생성하는 선로변 전자유닛의 구성은 변경사항이 없으며, 다만 기존의 선로변 전자유닛이 차상장치로 정보를 전송하는 방법을 기존 불연속으로 설치된 발리스 이용에서 궤도회로장치의 송신기를 사용하여 연속적으로 송신한다.That is, there is no change in the configuration of the trackside electronic unit generating movement authority by recognizing the state of the signal installed at about 800m intervals as shown in FIG. 1 of the prior art, except that the existing trackside electronic unit is informed by the onboard device. The method of transmitting the continuous transmission using the transmitter of the track circuit device in the use of the existing discontinuity Bally installed.

이렇게 지상으로부터 수신된 정보를 바탕으로, 차상장치는 이동권한에 대한 동적속도프로파일을 생성하고 구간제한 속도에 대하여 정적속도프로파일을 각각 생성한 후, 마지막으로 생성된 동적속도프로파일과 정적속도프로파일을 거리에 따라 낮은 제한속도를 기준으로 정합하여 열차운행속도에 대한 속도감시프로파일을 생성하여 열차를 방호한다.Based on the information received from the ground, the on-vehicle device generates a dynamic speed profile for the movement authority, generates a static speed profile for the section limit speed, and then distances the last generated dynamic speed profile from the static speed profile. According to the low speed limit based on the speed guard profile for the train operating speed to protect the train.

예컨대, 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 기존의 도 2와 동일한 상황에서 열차2의 위치를 실시간으로 열차1의 속도감시프로파일이 인식하여 열차2가 연속전송궤도5에 진입하는 경우 열차1의 기존 이동권한 종단은 연속전송궤도5의 종단에서 연속전송궤도3의 종단으로 변경되어 열차1의 열차2 후방 충돌 발생 이전에 열차를 안전하게 정차시킨다.For example, as shown in FIG. 4, in the present invention, when the speed monitoring profile of train 1 recognizes the location of train 2 in real time in the same situation as in FIG. 2, train 1 enters continuous transmission trajectory 5. The existing end of the moving right is changed from the end of the continuous transmission trajectory 5 to the end of the continuous transmission trajectory 3 to safely stop the train before the train 2 rear collision occurs.

이와 같이 본 발명은 일반 철도에서 사용하고 있는 차상신호(ATP) 방식을 기존의 발리스를 사용하는 불연속제어방식에서 가청주파수(AF) 궤도회로를 사용하는 연속제어방식으로 개선하여 열차운행의 연속적인 안전을 확보하고, 특히 현재 불연속정보수신방식의 한계로 인해 입환작업시 정시신호 침범에 대한 방호기능이 구현되지 않는 단점을 보완하여 입환작업 중에도 기관사 실수에 대한 열차 충돌을 방지할 수 있다.As described above, the present invention improves the on-vehicle signal (ATP) method used in the general railway from the discontinuous control method using the conventional ballis to the continuous control method using the audible frequency (AF) track circuit. To secure safety and, in particular, due to the limitation of the current discontinuous information receiving method, it is possible to prevent the train crash due to the driver's mistake during the exchange work by supplementing the disadvantage that the protection function against the timely signal invasion is not implemented during the exchange work.

도 1은 기존 철도의 불연속방식 열차 방호방법의 개요도.1 is a schematic diagram of a method for protecting a discontinuous train of an existing railway;

도 2는 기존 철도의 불연속방식 열차방호방법으로 인한 입환시의 열차충돌을 설명하는 개념도.2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a train collision at the time of exchange due to the discontinuous train protection method of the existing railway.

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 궤도회로를 이용한 연속정보전송형태의 열차방호방법을 도시한 개략도.Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a train protection method of a continuous information transmission form using a track circuit according to the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 연속방식 열차방호방법으로 인한 입환시의 열차충돌 방지를 설명하는 개념도.Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the prevention of train collision at the time of incoming and out due to the continuous train protection method according to the present invention.

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10 ; 선로 20 ; 궤도회로10; Track 20; Track circuit

21 ; 송신기 22 ; 수신기21; Transmitter 22; receiving set

30 ; 자동폐색장치30; Automatic blocking device

Claims (2)

신호기의 상태를 인식하는 선로변 전자유닛에서 열차의 이동권한 및 선로제한속도정보를 선로 상에 소정 간격으로 다수 설치된 송신기 및 수신기로 이루어진 궤도회로를 통해 연속으로 수신한 후, 차상장치는 이동권한에 대한 동적속도프로파일을 생성하고 구간제한 속도에 대하여 정적속도프로파일을 각각 생성하고, 생성된 동적속도프로파일과 정적속도프로파일을 거리에 따라 사전설정된 제한속도를 기준으로 정합하여 열차운행속도에 대한 속도감시프로파일에 반영하되,In the track side electronic unit recognizing the state of the signal, the train authority and the line speed limit information are continuously received through a track circuit composed of a plurality of transmitters and receivers installed on the track at predetermined intervals, and then the on-vehicle device is assigned to the movement authority. A speed monitoring profile for train speed is generated by generating a dynamic speed profile for each section and generating a static speed profile for each section speed limit, and matching the generated dynamic speed profile and static speed profile based on the preset speed limit according to the distance. Reflected in, 상기 열차의 입환시 주변열차로 인한 폐색정보를 연속으로 수신하여 제한속도에 대한 방호뿐만 아니라 기관사의 정지신호 침범에 대한 안전을 확보하는 것을 특징으로 하는 궤도회로기반 연속제어 열차방호방법.Receiving the occlusion information due to the surrounding train during the exchange of the train continuously, as well as the protection of the speed limit, the track circuit-based continuous control train protection method, characterized in that the safety of the stop signal violation of the driver. 삭제delete
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