KR101052330B1 - Blasting method using split blasting method and wide space blasting method - Google Patents

Abstract

Blasting method according to the present invention can be effectively applied to the site where the excavation or civil complaints can be raised, because the excavation rate can be secured with a small vibration compared to other conventional blasting method, if there is a strong rock at the bottom Even with the advantage that it can secure the rate of excavation.

Blasting, Dividing Charge, Wide Space, Separation Rod

Description

Combined blasting methods using Deck Charge blasting method and Wide Space blasting method simultaneously}

The present invention relates to a blasting method using a split-loading blasting method and a wide space blasting method, more specifically, because the excavation rate can be secured with a small vibration compared to other conventional blasting methods, downtown excavation or complaints can be raised. The present invention relates to a blasting method, which can be effectively applied to a site, and can secure a rate of excavation even when a strong rock is present at the bottom of the base.

In general, the blasting method, as shown in Figure 1, excavated the drill holes 12 in a row on the bench 10, but between the drill holes 12 in the same row (# 1 to # 5) (# 6 to # 10) The ratio S1 / W1 of the interval W1 between the interval S1 and the intervals # 1 to # 5 (# 6 to # 10) is set to 1.0 to 1.5. The blasting method concentrates the gunpowder 16 from the bottom to the full color 14.

The blasting method has the advantage that the drilling and recharging operation is simple, but there is a disadvantage that the vibration and noise are greatly generated and the mass can be generated in the upper ground. In particular, in recent years, due to large-scale national projects such as national highway expansion and highway construction, as well as site construction of apartments and high-rise buildings in the downtown area, blasting work is inevitably increasing due to blasting, noise, etc. The number of complaints that require compensation for damages to the blasting pollution of the country, the increase in construction costs and delays in the air due to the complaints are causing serious problems to the national project. As a countermeasure against this, micro- and non-vibration methods such as precision vibration control blasting or rock crushing excavation method are applied, but it is generally difficult to apply practically in construction where air is very important.

In order to solve this problem, a method of reducing vibration and noise by dividing gun powder in a drilling hole has been proposed. As shown in FIG. 2, the split-load blasting method is a method of split-loading the gunpowder 16 using the separating rod 18. In the split-load blasting method, the drilling hole 12 is excavated such that S1 / W1 is 1.0 to 1.5.

The split-load blasting method has the advantages of simple drilling of the drilling hole 12, and less vibration and noise and smaller rock size after blasting than the blasting method of FIG. 1 (hereinafter, referred to as the 'intensive-loading blasting method'). . However, the split blasting method has a problem in that the rate of excavation may be reduced when the bedrock of the bottom of the bottom of the bottom is not strong because the powder 16 and the separation rod 18 are alternately charged.

Meanwhile, in the wide space blasting method, as shown in FIG. 3, the space S between the drilling holes 12 is arranged in the same columns # 1 to # 5 (# 6 to # 10). It is a blasting method which enlarges and makes small the space | interval (minimum resistance wire) W between columns # 1-# 5 (# 6-# 10). That is, the wide space blasting method is a blasting method in which the crushing area in charge of one hole 12 is the same as the blasting method by a general concentrated charge, but the S / W ratio is 2 or more and 8 or less. In the wide space blasting method, intensive charges are made on the co-author.

In the case of columnar charges such as bench cuts, when the explosives detonate, the radial stresses in the adjacent sections of the width source act mainly as compressive stresses and in the tangential direction perpendicular to them, the tensile stresses act. If the tensile stress at this time exceeds the tensile strength of the rock, cracks are generated therein, and the cracks in the radiation state around the width source are generated. However, this is a phenomenon in which one hole is blasted, and in the case where the gap between the drilling holes 12 is narrow, the tensile stress in the linear tangential direction connecting the two drilling holes 12 is the largest and cracks accordingly This first occurrence causes the peripheral stress to be opened, resulting in smaller cracks inward from the cut surfaces connecting the width sources. On the contrary, when the gap between the drilling holes 12 is increased, a considerable number of cracks are generated because the cracks generated in the respective width sources develop radially and are directed inwards. By this principle, the wide space blasting method can increase the crushing effect by the general bench blasting method.

The wide space blasting method has the advantage that the rock is broken into small sizes, the charging operation is simple, and the vibration and the noise occur smaller than the concentrated charge blasting method. However, the wide space blasting method has a problem that scattering may occur in a rock with a developed joint surface due to difficulty in drilling and concentration.

An object of the present invention is to provide a blasting method that can ensure a vibration rate even when the vibration and noise is generated less than the split-loading blasting method and the wide space blasting method and the rock of the bottom is strong.
In addition, another object of the present invention to provide a blasting method that can adjust the length of the separation rod. That is, the pin member is inserted into any one of the first through hole and the second through hole selected from the plurality of first through holes while the one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one, thereby fastening the upper rod and the lower rod. The present invention provides a blasting method using a separating rod whose length is adjusted.

In order to achieve the above object, the blasting method according to the present invention includes (a) drilling holes so that the drilling holes form at least two or more rows, and the spacing (S) between the drilling holes and the drilling holes in the same row and the column; Allowing the ratio S / W of the intervals W between columns to be at least 2 and not more than 8; And (b) charging the gunpowder inside the drilling hole, and splitting the gunpowder so that the gunpowder is separated from each other by a separating rod.

Preferably, more gunpowder is charged in the co-operation of the gunpowder dividedly charged in step (b) than in other parts.

Preferably, in the step (a), the drilling hole is excavated at a position corresponding to between the drilling holes of the neighboring rows.

More preferably, the rows are formed parallel to the free surface.

More preferably, the separating rod has an upper rod with an empty inside, a lower rod with an empty inside, and a pin member, any one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one, and at least one of the upper rod and the lower rod. At least two or more first through holes are formed in one, and at least one or more second through holes are formed in the other, and the pin member is first or second in the state in which one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one. It is inserted into the through hole to adjust the length of the separation rod.

More preferably, the outer circumferential surface of the pin member is formed to be inclined, the pin member is inserted into the first and second through holes to penetrate the upper and lower rods so that the pin member is fixed to the first and second through holes by the friction force and the pin is fixed. Both ends of the member are located closer to the inner wall of the drilled hole than the upper and lower rods so that the upper and lower rods are positioned at the center of the drilled hole.

The blasting method according to the present invention has the advantages of the split-loading blasting method and the wide space blasting method. That is, blasting efficiency can be achieved with a small vibration and noise compared to the conventional split-blasting blasting method, wide-space blasting method, and concentrated-filling blasting method, and the excavation rate can be secured even when the bedrock is strong. Thus, the present invention can be effectively applied to a site where downtown excavation or complaints can be filed.
In addition, the present invention provides a blasting method that can adjust the length of the separation rod. That is, the pin member is inserted into any one of the first through hole and the second through hole selected from the plurality of first through holes while the one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one, thereby fastening the upper rod and the lower rod. The length of the separation rod can be adjusted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as having a conventional or dictionary meaning, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various equivalents that may be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be variations and variations.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a drill hole pattern and a state of charge for the blasting method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The blasting method is characterized in that the drilling hole (12) excavation interval (S) (W) is equal to the interval (S) (W) in the wide space blasting method, and the charge is the same as the charge of the split-load blasting method. Have

Therefore, the interval S between the drilling holes 12 in the same columns # 1 to # 5 (# 6 to # 10) is equal to the interval between columns # 1 to # 5 (# 6 to # 10). That is, it is 2 times or more and 8 times or less of the minimum resistance wire (W). That is, S / W is 2 or more and 8 or less.

Preferably, the drilling hole 12 is formed at a position corresponding to between the drilling holes 12 of neighboring rows # 1 to # 5 (# 6 to # 10). As such, when the drilling hole 12 is excavated, it is possible to prevent the rock from remaining between the drilling holes 12 after blasting.

On the other hand, the charge of the drilling hole 12 is made by being divided by the separating rod (30). At the time of splitting, it is preferable to dense more than other parts at the bottom of the joint, in order to prevent the hardening rate from falling due to the presence of hard rock at the bottom of the joint. That is, arranging more gunpowder than the other part in the bottom of the drilling hole 12, for example, by arranging twice as much gunpowder in the bottom, it is possible to obtain a desired rate of excavation.

The separating rod 30 is a cylindrical rod with an empty inside. Separation rod 30 is preferably made of paper, it is more preferable because it is made of oil paper is excellent in water resistance. Separation rod 30 made of paper has the advantage of low manufacturing cost and light weight. In addition, if the inside of the separation rod 30 is empty and the top and bottom is open, the explosion pressure can be directly transmitted to the gunpowder to maintain the net bomb.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the separation rod 30 includes an upper rod 32 having an empty inside, a lower rod 34 having an empty inside, and a pin member 36. The lower rod 34 is inserted into the upper rod 32. The separating rod 30 is characterized in that the length can be adjusted.

For effective blasting, the length of the color 14 of the hole 12 should be greater than the length of the minimum resistance wire (W), depending on the depth H of the hole 12, the length of the gunpowder, and the number of gunpowder charged. (14) If the length is shorter than the length (W) of the minimum resistance wire may occur, in this case adjust the length of the separation rod 30 so that the length of the full color (14) is larger than the length (W) of the minimum resistance wire. Can be.

A plurality of first through holes 35 are formed in the lower bar 34 along the length direction of the lower bar 34, and second through holes 33 are formed in the upper bar 32. After inserting the lower rod 34 into the upper rod 32 so that the first through hole 35 and the second through hole 33 communicate with each other, the pin member 36 is formed into the first and second through holes 35. Inserted into the (33) to connect the upper and lower rods (32, 34) to each other. Since the lower rod 34 has a plurality of first through holes 35 formed therein, the length of the separating rod 30 can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of insertion of the lower rod 34 into the upper rod 32.

On the other hand, in the above described the case where the lower rod 34 is inserted into the upper rod 32, the upper rod 32 may be inserted into the lower rod (34). In addition, the case where a plurality of first through holes 35 are formed in the lower rod 34 and one second through hole 33 is formed in the upper rod 32 is described, but a plurality of second through holes 33 is described. ) May be formed along the longitudinal direction of the upper rod (32). In addition, a plurality of second through holes 33 may be formed in the upper rod 32, and one first through hole 35 may be formed in the lower rod 34.

As shown in Figure 6 and 7, the outer peripheral surface of the pin member 36 is preferably formed to be inclined. A pin member 36 having an inclined outer circumferential surface is inserted into the first and second through holes 35 and 33 so as to penetrate the upper rod 32 and the lower rod 34 so that the pin member 36 is removed by the frictional force. When the first and second through holes 35 and 33 are fixed to each other, both ends of the pin member 36 are closer to the inner wall of the hole 12 than the upper and lower rods 32 and 34, so that the upper and lower rods 32 ) 34 may be located at the center of the drilling hole 12. If the separation rod 30 is not located at the center of the drilling hole 12 and is biased to one side, the gunpowder 16 of the upper portion falls down through the space between the separation rod 30 and the inner wall of the drilling hole 12. Can be.

Then, the blasting method according to the present invention will be compared with the split-loading blasting method and the wide space blasting method.

The blasting test was performed to compare the blasting methods with each other. As shown in FIG. 8, the end point of Uijeongbu of the 4th section of the Seoul Outer Ring Road is located at the border of Bukhansan National Park and is located near the blasting section (near 50m to 100m). Since there are security items such as nurseries and temples, vibration control is required when blasting. Geology distributed in this region can be classified into precambrian gneiss and biotite granules invading mesozoic Jurassic. Rock granules are predominantly rock formations in Seoul.

The split-fill blasting method, the wide space blasting method, and the blasting method according to the present invention were tested, and the conditions of each blasting method are shown in Table 1, and the test results of the respective blasting methods are shown in Table 2. Emulsion φ32 was used as the gunpowder, and MS1 to MS10 were used as the primer.

division Split Charge Blasting Method Wide space
Blasting Method According to the invention
Blasting Method Cloth Factory (H) 2700 mm 2700 mm 2700 mm Diameter of drilled hole 45 mm 45 mm 45 mm Resistance wire 1,000 mm (W1) 600 mm (W) 600 mm (W) Space 1,200 mm (S1) 2100mm (S) 2100mm (S) Number of holes 10-hole 10-hole 10-hole Loading amount per hole 1.0Kg 1.0Kg 1.0Kg Separating rod use unused use How to charge 0.25Kg + Separation Bar + 0.25Kg + Separation Bar + 0.25Kg + Separation Bar + 0.25Kg + Color
1.0Kg + full color 0.5Kg + Separation Bar + 0.25Kg + Separation Bar + 0.25Kg + Color

division Split Charge Blasting Method Wide space
Blasting Method According to the invention
Blasting Method Excavation site (m) 2.1 2.5 2.5 % Of excavation 78 93 93 Vibration Speed (cm / sec)
(50m distance measurement) 0.401 0.502 0.379

In Table 2, the excavation length represents the excavation depth by one blasting, and the excavation rate is the excavation length divided by the mill (H). As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention has a larger excavation length than the split-loading blasting method.

In addition, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention has a smaller vibration speed than the split-loading blasting method and the wide space blasting method. That is, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention can reduce the vibration during blasting.

Therefore, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention can be effectively applied to the site where the excavation or civil complaint can be raised because the blasting efficiency can be secured with a small vibration compared to the existing blasting method.

Figures 9a to 9c shows the blasting results by the general concentrated charges, Figures 10a to 10c shows the blasting results by the split-loading blasting method in the conditions of Table 1, Figures 11a to 11c is the conditions of Table 1 Shows the blasting results by the blasting method of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the maximum mass size of the pile is 698mm in the case of the pile-up by the general concentration, the maximum size of the rock mass is 473mm in the case of the split-load blasting method, the maximum size of the pile in the case of the pile according to the present invention 394 mm. That is, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention forms the largest rock of the smallest size.

The graphs of Figs. 9C, 10C, and 11C show the cumulative ratio (y-axis) through which a rock mass formed by blasting passes with respect to the size of the lens (x-axis). In case of blasting due to general concentrated medicine, 50% of rock mass passes at 429mm in the eye, and 50% of rock mass passes at 147mm in the case of split blasting method, in the case of the blasting method of the present invention. It can be seen that 50% of the mass passes when the eye is 85mm. That is, it can be seen that the blasting method of the present invention breaks the rock into the smallest size.

1 is a perspective view showing a drilled hole pattern and a state of charge for the concentrated charge blasting method according to the prior art.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a drilled hole pattern and the state of charge for the split charge blasting method according to the prior art.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a drill hole pattern and a state of charge for a wide space blasting method according to the prior art.

Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a drill hole pattern and a state of charge for the blasting method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an exploded perspective view showing a separation rod installed in the drilling hole of FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing that the separating rod of FIG. 5 is installed in the drilling hole.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view along VII-VII 'of FIG. 6. FIG.

8 is a map showing where the test blasting method in order to compare the blasting method according to the present invention with the split charge blasting method and the wide space blasting method.

9a to 9c are photographs and graphs showing a rock formation formed by blasting by the drill hole pattern and the charge of FIG.

10A to 10C are photographs and graphs showing a rock formation formed by blasting by the drill hole pattern and the charge of FIG. 2.

11A to 11C are photographs and graphs showing a rock formation formed by blasting by the drill hole pattern and the charge of FIG. 4.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: bench 12: perforation hole

14: Color 16: Gunpowder

30: separation rod

Claims (5)

(a) Drilling the drill holes so that the drill holes form at least two rows, but in the same row, the ratio S between the drill holes and the drill holes and the ratio W between the columns and rows S / W. Is 2 or more and 8 or less; And (b) charging the gunpowder inside the drilling hole, and splitting the gunpowder so that the gunpowder is separated from each other by a separating rod; The separation rod, An upper rod with an empty inside, a lower rod with an empty inside, and a pin member, Any one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one, at least two first through holes are formed in one of the upper rod and the lower rod, and at least one second through hole is formed in the other one. The pin member is inserted into the first and second through holes in the state in which any one of the upper rod and the lower rod is inserted into the other one, so that the length of the separating rod is adjusted. Blasting method. The method of claim 1, In step (b), The blasting method using the split blasting blasting method and the wide-space blasting method, characterized in that to charge more gunpowder than the other portion in the co-powder of the divided charge. The method according to claim 1 or 2, In the step (a), The drilling hole is a blasting method using a split charge blasting method and a wide-space blasting method, characterized in that excavated in a position corresponding to between the drilling holes of the neighboring rows. delete The method of claim 1, The outer circumferential surface of the pin member is formed to be inclined, and the pin member is inserted into the first and second through holes to penetrate the upper and lower rods, so that the pin member is fixed to the first and second through holes by the frictional force and both ends of the pin member. A blasting method using a split-filling blasting method and a wide space blasting method, characterized in that the upper and lower rods are positioned closer to the inner wall of the drilling hole than the upper and lower rods.

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