KR101035616B1 - Waterproofing method using osmotic waterproof agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A waterproofing method using a permeable waterproof agent is provided to ensure water resistance while enhancing adhesive strength to objects when applied to the surface of a hard material such as concrete, building stone, timber, iron material, PVC, and asphalt. CONSTITUTION: A waterproofing method using a permeable waterproof agent comprises the steps of: (i) mixing a permeable waterproofing agent with water wherein the permeable waterproofing agent includes 50-60 weight% polyvinylacetate, 35-48 weight% water, 0.1-3 weight% fumed silica, -2 weight% bauxite, .1-0.9 weight% sodium sulfate, and 0.05-2 weight% additives; (ii) mixing the mixture of (i) step with cement and metakaolin; and (iii) applying the mixture of (i) step on the surface of an object. The additive is at least one selected from dispersing agent, stabilizer, antifoaming agent, surfactant, antiaging agent, anti-sagging, and thickening agent.

Description

WATERPROOFING METHOD USING OSMOTIC WATERPROOF AGENT}

The present invention relates to a waterproofing method using a penetration type waterproofing agent, and more particularly, it is applied to the surface of a solid object such as concrete, stone, wood, iron, PVC, asphalt, etc. to enhance the waterproofing effect with the target object. The inside relates to a waterproofing method using a waterproofing agent.

In general, when reinforced concrete structures are damaged by freezing-thawing, salting, neutralization, chemicals, etc., voids are formed inside the concrete, cracks are generated, and the strength decreases. As a result, the structure may not perform properly.

Conventionally, in order to solve the above problems, a waterproofing method such as an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, and an epoxy mortar for suppressing the penetration of moisture has been applied.

As for the waterproof method, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-27632 (name of the invention: waterproofing, anticorrosive method using epoxy or acrylic epoxy cement mortar), and Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-40154 (name of the invention: Double layer composite waterproofing method of concrete structure using permeable acrylic emulsion and inorganic polymer waterproof mortar), Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2000-34580 (name of the invention: coating film and sheet double method of concrete structure) and the like.

However, in the case of waterproofing by coating organic waterproofing agents such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin and vinyl resin on the concrete surface, the adhesive strength at the adhesive surface decreases as time passes after construction because the strain rate of organic waterproofing agent and concrete is different. Therefore, the waterproof layer is easily removed, and when the waterproof fabric and the acrylic epoxy cement mortar are applied, there is a problem of leakage due to the damage of the waterproof fabric and the dropping of the adhesive part due to the deformation of the epoxy mortar and the existing concrete.

In addition, the patent registration No. 788021 shows a concrete penetration type waterproofing method and a waterproofing method of concrete structures using the same. This waterproofing agent penetrates the concrete and enhances the strength of the concrete, and the waterproofing effect is applied only to the concrete. There was a problem that the utility area is limited.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention is applied to the surface of a solid object, such as stone, wood, iron, PVC, asphalt, as well as concrete, not only concrete, to develop a waterproofing agent having improved waterproofing ability as well as enhancing the adhesive strength with the target object, In addition, by using this to develop a new waterproofing method to further improve the waterproofing performance to reach the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproofing agent that is applied to the surface of a solid object, such as concrete, stone, wood, steel, PVC, asphalt, and the like while enhancing the adhesive strength with the target object.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a waterproofing method that not only imparts waterproofness to a target object by using the waterproofing agent but also enhances the strength of the target object.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof method that is waterproof while being bonded with good bonding strength when bonding concrete, stone, wood, iron, PVC and the like.

Waterproofing method using the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention,
(a) 50 to 60% by weight of polyvinylacetate, 35 to 48% by weight of water, 0.1 to 3% by weight of fume silica, 1 to 2% by weight of bauxite, and 0.1 to sodium sulfate, produced by treating vinyl acetate as a unit with a peroxide catalyst. Mixing water with a penetration type waterproofing agent comprising 0.9 weight percent and 0.05 to 2 weight percent of an additive;
(b) mixing cement and metakaolin with the mixture of step (a); And
(c) applying the mixture of step (b) to the target surface;
The additive is characterized in that at least one or more of a dispersant, stabilizer, antifoaming agent, surfactant, anti-aging agent, anti-flow agent, thickener.

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When the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention is applied to the surface of concrete, stone, asphalt, etc., it is penetrated into the target object to densify the internal tissue and the waterproof layer formed on the surface of the target object is integrated with the target object to improve the waterproof performance. At the same time, the adhesive strength is increased so that no separation occurs, and the smoothness of the surface of the object is maintained.

In addition, the waterproofing agent of the present invention is also applied to wood, steel, PVC, etc. to improve the adhesive strength with the object as well as to improve the waterproof performance.

The waterproofing agent of the present invention has a polyvinylacetate as a main component to improve adhesiveness and to give elasticity and flexibility to the coating film, so that the waterproofing agent is effectively used even in a place where vibration is frequent.

In addition, the waterproofing agent of the present invention is harmless to the human body by being composed only of environmentally friendly components.

When waterproof construction by the waterproofing method of the present invention, the waterproofing agent and cement of the present invention is cross-linked, the bond is strong to obtain an excellent waterproof effect, as well as the adhesion strength to the target object is increased wear resistance and UV stability.

1 is a view showing an aspect of forming a waterproof layer while the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention penetrates into concrete.

The penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises 50 to 60% by weight of polyvinylacetate, 35 to 48% by weight of water, 0.1 to 3% by weight of silica and 0.05 to 2% by weight of the additive.

Polyvinylacetate is produced by treating vinyl acetate, a unit, with a peroxide catalyst. It is mainly used for the formation of water-based (latex) paints and other adhesives, lacquers, and adhesives.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, polyvinylacetate imparts flexibility and elasticity to the coating film and also provides excellent adhesiveness so as to have a strong bonding force to the target object when applied to the target object.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, the content of polyvinylacetate is preferably 50 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the waterproofing agent. When the content of the polyvinylacetate is less than 50% by weight, the adhesive strength to the object is lowered and the elasticity of the coating film is lowered. There exists a problem that workability falls when it exceeds 60 weight%.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, it is preferable to contain 35 to 48% by weight of water. Water serves as the base comprising the components that make up the waterproofing agent of the present invention.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, silica is dispersed in the water base, and the silica dispersion solution penetrates into the cement capillary and gel pores when applied to cement, thereby densifying the internal structure of the cement to improve the waterproofing performance as well as the strength of concrete. Increase

That is, SiO ₂ , the main component of the silica dispersion solution, reacts with calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂ ) produced by C ₃ S (3CaO, SiO ₂ ) and C ₂ S (2CaO, SiO ₂ ) The pozzolanic reaction to form calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) densifies the internal structure of the concrete, thereby improving the strength of the concrete and at the same time improving the watertightness.

In the present invention, the silica is preferably used at least one selected from the group consisting of fume silica, sodium silicate and potassium silicate. More preferably used silica is fume silica. The fume silica contains 90 to 96% of SiO ₂ and is effective because its particle size is in the form of a fine powder on the order of 0.1 to 0.15 μm.

Sodium silicate penetrates into the gel pores of cement to strengthen the interior of the concrete while simultaneously improving the surface tension and making the surface beautiful.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, the silica is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the waterproofing agent. If the content of silica is less than 0.1% by weight, the strength-improving effect of the concrete is inadequate, and if it exceeds 3% by weight, workability is inferior.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, the additive is preferably contained in 0.05 to 2% by weight. More preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight of the additive is included.

The additive is characterized in that at least one or more of a dispersant, stabilizer, antifoaming agent, surfactant, anti-aging agent, anti-flow agent, thickener.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned additives are used that are commonly used in the field of the present invention.

The dispersant serves to allow the polyvinylacetate having a specific gravity greater than that of water to be uniformly dispersed in water without separating the layers. The dispersant preferably used in the waterproofing agent of the present invention is a water-soluble dispersant for acrylic.

Antifoaming agent serves to prevent the formation of pores on the surface of the coating film during operation by suppressing the bubble generation when mixing cement and water. Defoamers include ionic and nonionic systems. In the present invention, ionic systems are preferably used. More preferably, they are ester type and / or acetylene type among ionic type.

In the present invention, the surfactant may be any of anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants. Specific examples thereof include tetraalkylammonium salts and alkylamine oxides.

Thickeners increase the viscosity of the waterproofing agent to improve tackiness and impart lubricity and workability. Preferably, the thickener used is selected from the group consisting of starch, polysaccharide, cellulose and acryl.

The penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention is prepared by properly mixing the respective component polyvinylacetate, silica, and additives according to the conditions and conditions of the object to be waterproofed within the above-mentioned composition range.

In the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention, the alumina compound may be further included by 1 to 2% by weight based on the total weight of the waterproofing agent.

The alumina compound penetrates into the cement gel pores and reacts with the calcium hydroxide in the cement to produce calcium aluminum hydrate (C ₃ AH ₆ ; 3CaO, Al ₂ O ₃ , 6H ₂ O), which is a porous hydrate with a large specific surface area. It has a high adsorption ability to penetrate water-soluble chlorine ions and is immobilized with salts of chlorine ions and Friedel's salt to prevent corrosion of concrete by salts and to improve the flame resistance of concrete. In addition, the alumina compound reacts with these hydrates during the formation of ettringite to transfer into monosulfate (C3A, 3CaSO ₄ , 12H ₂ O), which is less expandable, thereby preventing deterioration of sulfates.

In the waterproofing agent of the present invention, when the alumina compound is less than 1% by weight based on the total weight of the waterproofing agent, the concrete corrosion prevention and flameproofing effects are insufficient. There is a problem that negatively affects the strength improvement.

The alumina compound used in the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention is an alumina compound commonly used in the art. The alumina compound preferably used in the waterproofing agent of the present invention is bauxite.

In the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention, sodium sulfate may be further included by 0.1 to 0.9% by weight based on the total weight of the waterproofing agent.

Sodium sulfate serves to promote the filling of silicate particles in the cement gel pores by enhancing the permeability of the silica component to the concrete.

When the content of sodium sulfate in the waterproofing agent of the present invention is less than 0.1% by weight, there is a problem in that the strength of concrete is insufficient due to insufficient efficiency of promoting cement gel void filling of silicate particles, and when the content of sodium sulfate is more than 0.9% by weight, the effect is different. There is a problem that is not large and economical.

1 is a view showing an aspect of forming a waterproof layer while the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention penetrates into the concrete.

When the waterproofing agent of the present invention is applied to the surface of the concrete layer 1, the waterproofing layer 20 is formed on the concrete surface, and a part of the applied waterproofing agent penetrates into the interior from the concrete surface to form the penetration layer 21. That is, the waterproofing agent penetrates into the pores 11 between the concrete particles 10, thereby densifying internal tissues, thereby improving waterproofing performance.

Hereinafter, a method of waterproofing using the waterproofing agent of the present invention will be described.

In describing the waterproof method of the present invention, the same application as the above-described waterproofing agent will be omitted.

Waterproofing method using the penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention,
(a) 50 to 60% by weight of polyvinylacetate, 35 to 48% by weight of water, 0.1 to 3% by weight of fume silica, 1 to 2% by weight of bauxite, and 0.1 to sodium sulfate, produced by treating vinyl acetate as a unit with a peroxide catalyst. Mixing water with a penetration type waterproofing agent comprising 0.9 weight percent and 0.05 to 2 weight percent of an additive;
(b) mixing cement and metakaolin with the mixture of step (a); And
(c) applying the mixture of step (b) to the target surface;
The additive is characterized in that at least one or more of a dispersant, stabilizer, antifoaming agent, surfactant, anti-aging agent, anti-flow agent, thickener.

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First, the above-mentioned penetration type waterproofing agent is mixed with water (step (a)). The mixing ratio of the penetration type waterproofing agent and water of the present invention will vary depending on the object to be constructed. However, the preferred mixing ratio of the penetration type waterproofing agent and water of the present invention is 1: 0.1 to 1 based on the weight. If the mixing ratio of the penetration type waterproofing agent and water is less than 1: 0.1, the liquid phase hangs, and there is a problem in that the mixing is not performed well when the cement mixture is mixed. If the mixing ratio of the penetration type waterproofing agent and the water exceeds 1: 1, there is a problem in that the waterproofing effect is insufficient.

Then, cement is mixed with the mixture of the penetration type waterproofing agent and water (step (b)). The mixing ratio will vary depending on the object being constructed. However, the preferred mixing ratio of cement is 1: 0.8 to 1.2 based on the weight of the penetration waterproofing agent. When the mixing ratio of cement is less than 1: 0.8 than the penetration type waterproofing agent, there is a problem in that the cement layer forming efficiency applied to the target surface is inferior. When the mixing ratio of cement exceeds 1: 1.2 compared to the penetration type waterproofing agent, the adhesion efficiency to the target surface and There is a problem in that the waterproof efficiency.

In step (b), sand, gravel, or a mixture thereof may be further included and mixed according to the object to be constructed. At this time, the preferred mixing ratio of sand, gravel, or a mixture thereof is 1: 0.5 to 1.8 relative to the weight of the penetration waterproofing agent.

In addition, metakaolin may be further included and mixed in step (b).

Metakaolin is an admixture that is specially treated with kaolin to make it compatible with cement to form ethrinzite, thereby improving the compressive strength and durability by enhancing the cohesion and freezing ability of the cement. In addition, metakaolin has the effect of increasing the surface activity and improving workability. The preferred mixing ratio of metakaolin is 1: 0.05 to 0.2 based on the weight of the penetration waterproofing agent.

In addition, the higher fatty acid metal salt may be further included and mixed in step (b).

Higher fatty acid metal salts act to prevent the penetration of water. As the higher fatty acid metal salt, a stearic acid system in which metal ions such as calcium, zinc and aluminum are bonded is preferably used. Calcium stearate is used more preferably because of its good affinity with cement. The preferred mixing ratio of the higher fatty acid metal salt is 1: 0.001 to 0.02 based on the weight of the penetration waterproofing agent.

Cement which is preferably used in the waterproofing method of the present invention is Portland cement.

Subsequently, the penetration type waterproofing agent, water and cement mixture are applied to the surface of the object. (Step (c)) The coating thickness is preferably 1 mm to 250 mm depending on the object.

Through the following examples look at in more detail the penetration type waterproofing agent and waterproofing method of the present invention.

≪ Example 1 >

5600 g of polyvinylacetate, 4000 g of water, 100 g of fume silica, 30 g of water-soluble dispersant for acrylic, 20 g of alkylamine oxide, and 10 g of a cellulose thickener were mixed to prepare a penetration type waterproofing agent of the present invention.

<Example 2>

Infiltration type waterproofing agent of the present invention is prepared by mixing 5600 g of polyvinylacetate, 3850 g of water, 100 g of fume silica, 30 g of water-soluble dispersant for acryl, 30 g of acetylene-based ion defoaming agent, 20 g of alkylamine oxide, 10 g of cellulose thickener, and 150 g of bauxite. It was.

<Example 3>

 Infiltration type waterproofing agent of the present invention by mixing polyvinylacetate 5600g, water 3850g, fume silica 100g, water-soluble dispersant for acrylic 30g, acetylene-based ionic antifoaming agent 30g, alkylamine oxide 20g, cellulose thickener 10g, bauxite 150g, sodium sulfate 50g Was prepared.

<Example 4>

10 kg of the waterproofing agent prepared in Example 1 and 3.2 kg of water were mixed for 3 minutes. A mixture of the waterproofing agent and water and 9.9 kg of Portland cement were mixed for 3 minutes. This mixture was applied to the concrete structure surface by 1 mm and dried.

Example 5

10 kg of the waterproofing agent of the present invention prepared in Example 1 and 6.3 kg of water were mixed for 3 minutes. A mixture of the waterproofing agent and water and 9.9 kg of Portland cement and 11.7 kg of wet sand were mixed for 5 minutes. This mixture was applied 5 mm to the surface of the concrete structure and dried.

<Example 6>

10 kg of the waterproofing agent of the present invention prepared in Example 1 and 6.3 kg of water were mixed for 3 minutes. A mixture of the waterproofing agent and water and 9.9 kg of Portland cement, 11.7 kg of wet sand, and 1 kg of metakaolin were mixed for 5 minutes. This mixture was applied to the concrete structure surface 20 mm and dried.

<Example 7>

10 kg of the waterproofing agent of the present invention prepared in Example 2 and 6.3 kg of water were mixed for 3 minutes. A mixture of the waterproofing agent and water and 9.9 kg of Portland cement, 11.7 kg of wet sand, and 1 kg of metakaolin were mixed for 5 minutes. This mixture was applied to the surface of the wood structure 1 mm and dried.

<Example 8>

10 kg of the waterproofing agent of the present invention prepared in Example 2 and 6.3 kg of water were mixed for 3 minutes. A mixture of the waterproofing agent and water and 9.9 kg of Portland cement, 11.7 kg of wet sand, and 1 kg of metakaolin were mixed for 5 minutes. This mixture was applied to the steel structure surface by 1 mm and dried.

 <Test Example 1>

For the waterproof concrete structures constructed in Examples 4 to 6 were tested for compressive strength, adhesion strength, absorption, seismic resistance and the results are shown in Table 1.

Test Items Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Quality standards Test Methods Compressive strength
(N / ㎠) 1314 1317 1322 Should be more than 1000 KS F 4918-03 Adhesion strength
(N / ㎠) 118
121
122
80 or more
KS F 4918-03
Absorption amount (g) 1.2 1.0 0.9 Shall be 2.0 or less KS F 4918-03 Earthquake resistance clear clear clear Waterproof layer surface
Cracking KS F 4918-03 Shear stress 2,030 psi, 7 days 2,030 psi, 7 days 2,030 psi, 7 days - ASTM C 882 Freeze thawability clear clear clear - ASTM C 66-90

As shown in Table 1, when the construction by the waterproof method of the present invention was confirmed that the compressive strength, the adhesion strength of the concrete structure is significantly higher. In addition, the absorption was much lower than the standard value 2.0 was confirmed that the high waterproof. Also, there was no splitting during the seismic and no abnormality during freezing and thawing.

<Test Example 2>

After applying the mixture of the waterproofing agent 10kg, water 6.3kg, Portland cement 9.9kg of the present invention prepared in Example 2 on the base material (wood or iron plate) and attaching the adherend (iron plate, PVC or wood) to the base material Tensile adhesive strength between each base material and the adherend was measured and the results are shown in Table 2. This test was conducted by the Korea Institute of Construction Materials.

One 2 3 4 Test Methods Background wood wood iron plate iron plate
KS F 3218: 2003 Substrate iron plate PVC iron plate PVC Seal
Adhesive strength N / mm2 0.9 1.5 1.9 1.7 N / ㎠ 90 150 190 170

As shown in Table 2, when the tensile adhesive strength of the base material and the adherend was measured by using the waterproofing agent of the present invention, it could be confirmed that it was 90 N / cm 2 or more. This is far exceeding the quality standard 80N / ㎠ to be constructed with the waterproofing method of the present invention using the waterproofing agent of the present invention will be able to strongly bond wood and iron plate, wood and PVC, iron plate and iron plate, iron plate and PVC.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been presented above, but the present invention is not limited to the above, and various modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and such modifications will belong to the following claims.

1: concrete layer
10: concrete particle
11: voids
20: waterproof layer
21: penetration layer

Claims (9)

delete delete delete delete (a) 50 to 60% by weight of polyvinylacetate, 35 to 48% by weight of water, 0.1 to 3% by weight of fume silica, 1 to 2% by weight of bauxite, and 0.1 to sodium sulfate, produced by treating vinyl acetate as a unit with a peroxide catalyst. Mixing water with a penetration type waterproofing agent comprising 0.9 weight percent and 0.05 to 2 weight percent of an additive;
(b) mixing cement and metakaolin with the mixture of step (a); And
(c) applying the mixture of step (b) to the target surface;
The additive is a waterproof method, characterized in that at least one or more of a dispersant, stabilizer, antifoaming agent, surfactant, anti-aging agent, anti-flow agent, thickener is selected. The method according to claim 5,
Waterproofing method, characterized in that further comprising mixing in the step (b) sand, gravel, or a mixture thereof. delete The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Waterproofing method characterized in that the mixture further comprises a higher fatty acid metal salt in step (b). The method according to claim 5,
The mixing ratio of the penetration type waterproofing agent and water and cement is 1: 0.1 to 1: waterproof method, characterized in that the 0.8 to 1.2.

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