KR101030773B1 - Solar energy tracker using gps - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A solar energy tracker using satellite navigation device is provided to improve generation efficiency by vertically guiding solar energy to a solar energy concentration board. CONSTITUTION: A solar energy tracker using satellite navigation device comprises a collimator direction adjuster outlet, a GPS(Global Positioning System) receiver(44), a gravity sensor(45), a controller(40) and a storage battery(43). The collimator direction adjuster outlet rotates a vertical pivot in the vertical direction. The collimator direction adjuster outlet is composed of a vertical assemble step motor. The gravity sensor senses the gradient of the solar energy concentration board. The controller controls the horizontal driving part and vertical driving part. The controller controls the solar energy concentration board. The storage battery stores the electricity charged in the solar battery group.

Description

Solar tracker using satellite navigation system {SOLAR ENERGY TRACKER USING GPS}

The present invention relates to a solar tracker for automatically adjusting the angle of the photoconcentrator so that the solar light can be optimally input while varying according to the position of incidence of sunlight in the photovoltaic generator for converting sunlight into electrical energy, More specifically, the satellite navigation system uses the Global Positioning System (GPS) to adjust the angle of the collector so that sunlight can be optimally incident and to transmit the generated power driven by its own power source. A solar tracker using the device.

In general, a solar generator is composed of a solar cell, a storage battery, and a power converter, and is a solar light collecting plate installed with a large number of solar cells to collect solar light and convert light energy into electric energy. Since the power generation capacity varies depending on the quantity of solar cells installed, the solar power generators can be generated only as needed, so that large-scale power generation as well as small-scale power generation are widely used for home and industrial use.

Such solar generators can be classified into fixed type and solar tracking type according to the installation method of the solar light collecting plate.

The fixed type solar generator is a type in which a solar collector is fixed at an angle capable of receiving the most amount of sunshine, which is simple in structure and easy to install, and has high durability and easy maintenance, but according to the incident angle of solar power There is a disadvantage in that the average power generation efficiency is not good because of a large deviation.

On the other hand, the solar tracking photovoltaic generator is a one-axis rotation to rotate the solar panel to track the movement of the sun moving from east to west from sunrise to sunset, and to rotate the solar cell module to track the change in the mid-high altitude of the sun It can be divided into two-axis rotary type, but the one-axis rotary type has a relatively simple structure of the driving device, but the power generation efficiency is lower than that of the two-axis rotary type. There is an advantage to maximize the power generation efficiency in the vertical.

These solar tracking photovoltaic generators largely control the sun by controlling the driving motor according to the coordinate calculation method of tracking the sun by operating the driving motor according to the coordinates calculated by the program, and the signal output detected by the optical sensor from time to time. It can be classified into two types of tracking optical sensors.

However, the above-described coordinate calculation method has the advantage of being able to follow the sun regardless of the weather condition, but it is cumbersome to maintain and repair since the calibration work must be periodically performed due to the accumulation of errors. The advantage is that the structure is relatively simple. However, if the weather is cloudy, the sun cannot be traced. If the time has elapsed and the position of the sun has changed considerably, the sun will be out of the traceable range of the tracking device. There may be problems such as difficulty in maintaining continuity of operation.

On the other hand, photovoltaic generators are divided into grid-connected type and independent type according to the control method. Grid-connected type is a system that uses commercial power when solar power is insufficient by linking solar power and commercial power. As a system for storing and using photovoltaic power in its own battery in an area where commercial power does not come in, such as a mountainous area, it is generally necessary to provide a battery in a place where the power line of the commercial power source is not connected.

The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described circumstances, and can be used in an area where commercial power is not supplied, and determines the position of the sun by using a satellite navigation device and uses a G-sensor (gravity sensor) An object of the present invention is to provide a solar tracker using a satellite navigation apparatus that is capable of automatically adjusting the solar light collecting plate in the direction in which sunlight is incident by the driving of the step motor after determining the angle of.

In addition, by installing a rotating shaft for adjusting the angle of the solar light panel in a horizontal axis, it is possible to miniaturize a large capacity, and the step motor for rotating the rotating shaft is configured to be removable to easily load the step motor according to the weight of the solar light panel. An object of the present invention is to provide a solar tracker using a satellite navigation system that can be replaced with a suitable one.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the solar light collecting plate is provided with a solar cell group for converting light energy into electrical energy; A light collecting plate direction control mechanism including a horizontal driving unit for rotating the solar light collecting plate in a horizontal direction by driving of the step motor and a vertical driving unit for rotating the solar light collecting plate in a vertical direction by driving of the step motor; A GPS receiver for receiving latitude, longitude, and time information from a GPS satellite; A G-sensor for detecting the inclination of the solar light collecting plate; A control unit controlling the solar light collecting plate in a direction in which sunlight is incident vertically by controlling the horizontal driving unit and the vertical driving unit by season and date from the reception information of the GPS receiver and the G sensor; It comprises a storage battery for storing electricity generated in the solar cell group.

The light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism includes a shaft fixture having a horizontal rotating shaft and a vertical rotating shaft pivotally coupled in a direction perpendicular to each other at the bottom and the top thereof, and being coupled to both ends of the vertical rotating shaft and having a solar light collecting plate fixing part at the center thereof. An upper frame, a lower frame having shafts coupled to both ends of the horizontal rotating shaft, and having a fixing unit installed at the center thereof, a horizontal rotating step motor coupled to a gear box to rotate the horizontal rotating shaft horizontally at one end of the horizontal rotating shaft; One end of the vertical axis of rotation comprises a vertical rotation step motor coupled via a gearbox to rotate the vertical axis of rotation in the vertical direction.

In the above, the opposite end of the end to which the step motor is attached in the vertical rotation axis and the horizontal rotation axis is fixed to each frame via the brake bearing shaft bearing.

In the above, the gearbox of the horizontal rotation step motor and the vertical rotation step motor is a worm shaft formed with a worm coupled to the rotation axis of the step motor, respectively, and the worm gear is fixed to each of the horizontal rotation axis and the vertical rotation shaft while engaging the worm Characterized in that made.

In the above, the rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating step motor and the vertical rotating step motor is coupled to the fastening pin penetrating the shaft core, the worm shaft coupled to the motor shaft is formed with a fastening groove for fitting the fastening pin is formed with the fastening groove and While the motor rotation shaft and the worm shaft are detachably coupled by the coupling of the fastening pin, the body of the step motor is bolted to the gear box, so that the step motor is detachably fixed to the gear box.

In the above, the power required for directional control of the solar light collecting plate is characterized in that the independent type supplied from its own battery without external power.

In the above, the control unit is characterized in that the solar panel is controlled to maintain a horizontal state from sunset to sunrise.

The solar tracker using the satellite navigation apparatus according to the present invention as described above can achieve the optimal power generation efficiency by adjusting the direction of the solar panel according to the season and date so that the sunlight is incident perpendicularly to the solar panel. The vertical and horizontal rotating shafts can be used to implement a direction control mechanism that can be miniaturized in large capacity, and can be used independently of commercial power sources. There is an advantage that can be conveniently used in vulnerable areas such as fat.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing a state of use of the present invention, in particular, showing a perspective view of the solar light collecting plate 1 from the rear side in order to explain the installation state of the direction control mechanism of the solar light collecting plate 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic power generation facility includes a solar light collecting plate 1, a mounting table 2, and a light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism 3.

In the solar light collecting plate 1, a plurality of solar cells for converting light energy incident from the sun into electrical energy are installed on the front surface, and the frame on the rear side is fixed to the mounting table 3 through the light collecting plate direction control mechanism 2. .

The light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism 2 is mounted on one side of the solar light collecting plate 1 and the other side is fixed to the mounting table 3 to rotate the solar light collecting plate 1 independently by vertically and horizontally. Allow sunlight to enter the solar collector plate 1 perpendicularly.

The mounting table 3 is fixed to the other side of the light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism 2 to support the solar light collecting plate (1). In addition, although not shown in the drawing, one side of the mounting table 3 may be mounted with a load for using electricity to generate power in the solar light collecting plate (1).

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the light collecting plate direction control mechanism according to the present invention, Figure 3 shows an exploded perspective view of the main portion of the light collecting plate direction control mechanism shown in Figure 2, below in the structure of the light collecting plate direction control mechanism according to FIG. Explain.

The light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism 2 is pivotally coupled to the upper frame 20 and the lower frame 30 by the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 on the upper and lower portions of the shaft fixture 10. It is.

The horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 are axially rotatably coupled in a direction perpendicular to each other at the lower end and the upper end of the shaft fixture 10. In such a structure, the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 are fixed to the horizontal axis so that they can support the large-capacity solar light collecting plate 1 while being compact.

One end of the horizontal rotating shaft 21 is coupled to the shaft groove 23 of the lower frame 20 via the bearing 22, and the horizontal rotation step motor 25 is coupled to the end thereof via the gearbox 24. On the other hand, the other end of the horizontal rotating shaft 21 is coupled to the shaft groove 27 of the lower frame 20 via the brake bearing 26.

Similarly, one end of the vertical rotation shaft 31 is coupled to the shaft groove 33 of the upper frame 30 via the bearing 32, and the vertical rotation step motor 34 through the gearbox 34 at the end thereof; While not shown) is coupled to the other end of the vertical rotation shaft 31 is coupled to the shaft groove 37 of the upper frame 30 via the brake bearing 36.

The brake bearings 26 and 36 are provided with a brake function capable of braking or rotating the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 coupled thereto to the electric signal. This adds a braking force to the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 when fixing the solar light collecting plate 1, so that the shaking of the solar light collecting plate 1 caused by wind is prevented from the horizontal rotating shaft 21 or the vertical rotating shaft ( 31 to be transmitted to the gearbox 24, 34 and step motor 25, 36 to prevent damage.

The lower frame 20 has a structure in which the support bases on which the shaft grooves 23 and 27 are formed are installed on both sides of the mounting base fixing portion 28, and the mounting stand fixing portion 28 is provided with a light collecting plate direction control mechanism 2. A plurality of fastening grooves 29 for fixing to 3) are formed and coupled to the mounting table 3 using fastening members such as bolts.

The upper frame 20 has a structure in which shaft supports 33 and 37 are formed on both sides of the solar light collecting plate fixing unit 38, and the solar light collecting plate fixing unit 38 has a light collecting plate direction control mechanism 2. A plurality of fastening grooves 39 for fixing the solar light collecting plate 1 are formed therein, and the solar light collecting plate 1 is coupled using fastening members such as bolts.

4 shows a power transmission structure of a step motor according to the present invention.

Since the power transmission structures of the horizontal rotation step motor 25 and the vertical rotation step motor 35 are configured in the same manner, the power transmission structure of the horizontal rotation step motor 25 will be described below in order to avoid redundant description. However, the power transmission structure of the vertically rotated step motor 35 should be understood as the same idea.

The worm shaft 242 having the worm 241 is fixed to the rotating shaft 251 of the horizontal rotating step motor 25, and the worm gear 243 engaged with the worm 241 is fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft 21. have. The worm 241 and the worm gear 243 decelerate the rotational speed of the horizontal rotating step motor 25 and transmit the deceleration to the horizontal rotating shaft 21, and the solar light collecting plate 1 is caused by shaking in the wind. Minimize the power transmitted to the horizontal rotation step motor 25 to prevent damage to the horizontal rotation step motor 25. This operation is made in conjunction with the operation of the brake bearings 26 and 36 described above to prevent damage to the horizontal rotating step motor 25 as much as possible.

5 shows a power shaft connection structure of the step motor according to the present invention.

A fastening pin 252 penetrating the rotating shaft 251 is coupled to the rotating shaft 251 of the horizontal rotating step motor 25. The worm shaft 242 coupled to the rotating shaft 251 has a fastening groove 244 into which the fastening pin 252 is inserted. Accordingly, the fastening pins 252 and the fastening grooves 244 are engaged to transfer the power of the horizontal rotating step motor 25 to the worm shaft 242. In addition, the body of the horizontal rotating step motor 25 is formed with a fastening groove 253 which can be fastened by using fastening members such as bolts on the body of the gear box 24 accommodating the worm shaft 242. .

Therefore, the horizontal rotation step motor 25 is detachably fixed to the body of the gear box 24 through the fastening groove 253, in which the rotary shaft 251 and the gear box 24 of the horizontal rotation step motor 25 The worm shaft 242 is axially coupled or separated by the fastening pin 252 and the fastening groove 244, so that the horizontal rotating step motor 25 is easily removable from the gear box 24, which is necessary In accordance with this, it is possible to replace the horizontal rotating step motor 25 with an appropriate capacity.

6 shows a control circuit of a tracker according to the invention.

In the plurality of solar cells 41 installed in the solar light collecting plate 1, the light energy incident from the sun is converted into electrical energy, which is stored in the storage battery 43 via the power controller 42 controlled by the controller 40. ) Is stored.

The GPS receiver 44 is connected to an input terminal of the controller 40 to receive latitude, longitude, and time information from the GPS satellites. From this, the controller 40 determines the current date, time, and location.

In addition, a G sensor 45 is connected to an input terminal of the control unit 40, and the G sensor 45 is installed in the solar light collecting plate 1 to transmit the inclination information of the solar light collecting plate 1 to the control unit 40. Enter it. The G-sensor 45 is an sensor that detects an acceleration around three axes on the spatial coordinates of an object, calculates its current direction of movement based on the detected acceleration, and directly outputs inclination data in the three-axis direction from itself. .

 Accordingly, the controller 40 determines the current direction of the solar light collecting plate 1 from the information input from the G sensor 45, and also determines the current date, time, and location from the information received by the GPS receiver 44. From the above information, the direction of the solar light collecting plate 1 is controlled by controlling the horizontal rotation step motor 25 and the vertical rotation step motor 35 in the direction in which sunlight is incident vertically at the present time.

In other words, the horizontal rotation step motor 25 is driven so that the solar light collecting plate 1 tracks the azimuth change of the sun, and the vertical rotation step motor 35 is driven so that the solar light collecting plate 1 tracks the elevation change of the sun. Thus, the solar light collecting plate 1 always faces the direction in which the sunlight is vertically incident.

On the other hand, the power source for driving the horizontal rotation step motor 25 and the vertical rotation step motor 35 including the control unit 40 is generated in the solar cell (1) is made to be supplied from the power stored in the storage battery 43. In this case, the power according to the driving of all the components necessary for the direction control of the solar light collecting plate 1 is made of a stand-alone type supplied from its own battery 43 without external power. In particular, the operation of all the components is controlled by the power supplied from the battery 43 at night when sunlight is not incident.

Usually, the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31 are suppressed by the braking action of the respective brake bearings 26. This prevents the shaking of the solar light collecting plate 1 caused by the wind from being transmitted to each of the step motors 25 and 35 through the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and the vertical rotating shaft 31. This prevents damage to the step motors 25 and 35.

In addition, the controller 40 determines the sunset time and the sunrise time from the information received by the GPS receiver 44, and then the solar light collector 1 receives the solar light collector 1 from the G sensor 45 from sunset to sunrise. By controlling to the horizontal position of) to maintain the most stable state at night without sunlight to minimize the effect of the wind, from the sunrise time to sunset time in the direction in which sunlight is incident perpendicular to the solar light collecting plate (1) The direction of the solar light collecting plate 1 is automatically adjusted. When adjusting the directing direction of the solar light collecting plate 1, the season, date and position are determined from the information received from the GPS receiver 44, and the inclination of the current solar light collecting plate 1 in the 3-axis direction is determined from the G sensor 45. Judge and adjust.

As described above, the present invention can expect the optimal power generation efficiency by controlling the direction of the solar light collecting plate 1 in consideration of the temporal and spatial environment with respect to the sun, and the direction control mechanism of the solar light collecting plate 1 is the solar light collecting plate 1 ) Can be supported by the horizontal axis to support the large-capacity solar light collecting plate (1) even in a small size, and can be used even in areas where installation of electric power equipment is difficult by using an independent power source without using a commercial power source.

1 is a use state diagram of the present invention,

2 is a perspective view of a light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism according to the present invention;

3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating main parts of the light collecting plate direction adjusting mechanism shown in FIG. 2;

4 is a view illustrating a power transmission structure of a step motor according to the present invention;

5 is a view showing a power shaft connecting structure of the step motor according to the present invention;

6 is a control circuit diagram of a tracker according to the present invention;

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1-solar panel, 2-mount,

3-condenser plate adjustment mechanism, 10-shaft fixture,

20-upper frame, 30-lower frame,

21,31-axis of rotation, 22,32-bearing,

23,33-shaft groove, 24,34-gearbox,

26,36-brake bearing, 27,37-shaft groove,

38-Photovoltaic Convergence Panel, 39-Fastening Home,

241-Worm, 242-Worm Axis,

243-Worm Gear, 244-Fastening Groove,

251-horizontal rotary stepper motor shaft,

252-Fastening Pins.

Claims (7)

In the solar tracker which can obtain the optimal power generation efficiency by tracking the solar light collecting plate installed with the solar cell group that converts light energy into electric energy according to the movement of the sun, A shaft fixture in which a horizontal rotating shaft and a vertical rotating shaft are pivotally coupled in a direction perpendicular to each other at a lower end and an upper end thereof, and a solar collecting plate fixing part which is coupled to both ends of the vertical rotating shaft and fixes the solar light collecting plate at the center thereof. The upper frame is formed, the lower frame is coupled to both ends of the horizontal rotating shaft and the installation fixing portion in the center, the horizontal rotating step motor coupled via the gearbox to rotate the horizontal rotating shaft in the horizontal direction at one end of the horizontal rotating shaft, Condensing plate direction control mechanism consisting of a vertical rotation step motor coupled to the gearbox to rotate the vertical rotation shaft in the vertical direction at one end of the vertical rotation shaft; A GPS receiver for receiving latitude, longitude, and time information from a GPS satellite; A G-sensor for detecting the inclination of the solar light collecting plate; A control unit which controls the solar light collecting plate in a direction in which sunlight is incident vertically by controlling the horizontal driving unit and the vertical driving unit by season and date from the reception information of the GPS receiver and the G sensor; Solar tracker using a satellite navigation system comprising a storage battery for storing electricity generated in the solar cell group. delete The solar tracker of claim 1, wherein the opposite end of the end to which the step motor is attached on the vertical rotation axis and the horizontal rotation axis is fixed to each frame through a brake bearing shaft bearing. The gearbox of claim 3, wherein the gearbox of the horizontal rotating step motor and the vertical rotating step motor is a worm shaft having a worm coupled to a rotation axis of the step motor, respectively, and a worm fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft and the vertical rotating shaft while being engaged with the worm. Solar tracker using a satellite navigation system, characterized in that consisting of gears. According to claim 4, The rotating shaft of the horizontal rotating step motor and the vertical rotating step motor is coupled to the fastening pin penetrating through the shaft center, the worm shaft coupled to the motor shaft is formed with a fastening groove for fitting the fastening pin is formed The motor rotation shaft and the worm shaft are detachably coupled by the coupling of the groove and the fastening pin, while the body of the step motor is bolted to the gear box so that the step motor is detachably fixed to the gear box. Photovoltaic tracker. The solar tracker of claim 1, wherein power required for direction control of the solar light collecting plate is an independent type supplied from its own battery without external power. The solar tracker of claim 1, wherein the controller controls the solar panel to maintain a horizontal state from sunset to sunrise.

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