KR101025159B1 - Estimation of bone structure by using quantitative ultrasound technology - Google Patents
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- KR101025159B1 KR101025159B1 KR1020100023746A KR20100023746A KR101025159B1 KR 101025159 B1 KR101025159 B1 KR 101025159B1 KR 1020100023746 A KR1020100023746 A KR 1020100023746A KR 20100023746 A KR20100023746 A KR 20100023746A KR 101025159 B1 KR101025159 B1 KR 101025159B1
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Abstract
The present invention is a method for predicting bone structure using a quantitative ultrasonic technology, step A of irradiating the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer to the spongy bone, step B of receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal, the spongy bone To predict the bone structure of, the bone spacing and bone volume ratios of the spongy bones are calculated from the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient using the correlation between phase velocity and attenuation coefficient calculated from the electrical signals. Characterized in that it comprises a step C to predict. Therefore, the bone structure prediction method according to the present invention has an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost of the device for diagnosing bone structure because the conventional quantitative ultrasound is used. There is also an effect without the risk of radiation exposure. In addition to assessing bone density, bone structure can also be predicted, and osteoporosis can be diagnosed more accurately by predicting bone structure, thereby preventing osteoporosis fractures.
Description
The present invention relates to a method for predicting bone structure using quantitative ultrasound technology in more detail as a method for diagnosing osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic bone disease in which bone fractures occur easily due to reduced bone volume and weakened bone strength.
Osteoporosis is diagnosed by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). DEXA is the most accurate diagnostic method for measuring bone density. Instead of using isotopes as an energy source, DEXA is a device that can generate and emit double energy radiation directly from the device itself, similar to a normal X-ray imager.
In addition, Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) technology mainly diagnoses the spongy bone and measures acoustic characteristics such as sound velocity and attenuation coefficient by using the permeation method in the calcaneus having a structure that is easy to transmit ultrasound.
When diagnosing osteoporosis, bone density is mainly measured because bone density represents 60% to 80% of bone strength and can be measured noninvasively without bone biopsy.
Recently, however, the medical definition of osteoporosis has been changed to a systemic bone disease in which fractures occur easily even with a small impact due to the reduction of bone strength due to the addition of the concept of bone strength. Here, bone strength is a concept including bone microstructure and mineralization in addition to bone density, which means that the change in bone strength is more important than the change in bone density in order to accurately predict the fracture rate due to osteoporosis.
Although the measurement of bone structure and mineralization has become important for the accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis, conventional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and quantitative ultrasound techniques have limited the measurement of bone structure.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting a bone structure.
In order to achieve this object, in one aspect of the present invention, a method for predicting bone structure using quantitative ultrasonic technology comprises: A step of irradiating sponges with ultrasonic waves generated by an ultrasonic transducer; Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal; Estimating bone spacing intervals of the spongy bones from the electrical signals using correlations between the bone shochu spacings of the cavernous bones and the electrical signals to predict bone structures of the spongy bones; Characterized in that it comprises a.
In the step C, the electrical signal may be calculated at a phase speed to predict the bone spacing interval of the spongy bone from the phase speed.
In addition, the correlation between the phase velocity and the spongy bone is characterized in that as the phase speed increases, the bone spasm interval of the spongy bone narrows.
And, the phase velocity is the electrical signal
In the step C, the electrical signal may be calculated as an attenuation coefficient to predict the bone spacing interval of the spongy bone from the attenuation coefficient.
The correlation between the damping coefficient and the cancellous bone is characterized in that as the damping coefficient increases, the spacing of the bones of the cancellous bone becomes narrower.
And, the attenuation coefficient is the electrical signal
In addition, in order to achieve this object, in one aspect of the present invention, a method for predicting bone structure using quantitative ultrasound technology comprises: A step of irradiating spongy bone with ultrasound generated by an ultrasound transducer; Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal; Estimating the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone from the electrical signal using the correlation between the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone and the electrical signal to predict the bone structure of the spongy bone; Characterized in that it comprises a.
And, the bone capacity ratio is
In the step C, the electrical signal is calculated at a phase speed, and the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone is predicted from the phase speed.
In addition, the correlation between the phase velocity and the spongy bone is characterized in that the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone increases as the phase speed increases.
And, the phase velocity is the electrical signal
In the step C, the electrical signal is calculated as an attenuation coefficient, and the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone is estimated from the attenuation coefficient.
The correlation between the attenuation coefficient and the spongy bone is characterized in that the ratio of the bone volume of the spongy bone increases as the attenuation coefficient increases.
And, the attenuation coefficient is the electrical signal
The bone structure prediction method according to the present invention has an effect of reducing the manufacturing cost of the device for bone structure diagnosis because it uses the existing quantitative ultrasonic technology. In addition, since the bone structure was predicted by ultrasonic irradiation, there is no risk of radiation exposure. In addition to assessing bone density, bone structure can also be predicted, and osteoporosis can be diagnosed more accurately by predicting bone structure, thereby preventing osteoporosis fractures.
1 is a diagram of the spongy bone phantom used as the measurement object of the present invention.
2 is a diagram of a quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention.
3 and 4 are graphs showing experimental results according to the present invention.
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings to explain the present invention in more detail will be described with reference to a preferred embodiment.
Figure 1 is a diagram of the spongy bone phantom used as a measurement object of the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram of a quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, Figure 3 and Figure 4 is a view showing a graph of the experimental results according to the present invention.
The present invention is a step of irradiating the cortical bone with ultrasound to predict the bone structure of the spongy bone, and a step B for receiving and converting the ultrasound signal passing through the spongy bone into an electrical signal, predicting the bone structure of the spongy bone In order to predict the bone structure through the step C to estimate the bone spacing interval and bone volume ratio of the spongy bone from the electrical signal by using the correlation between the bone spacing interval and bone volume ratio of the spongy bone To provide.
1 is a plan view of the spongy bone phantom produced as a measurement object for an embodiment of the present invention.
According to Figure 1, the spongy bone phantom was produced with nylon strings arranged in parallel in a rectangular parallelepiped structure having a cross-sectional area of 40 x 40 mm2 and a thickness of 20 mm. The nylon string corresponds to the bone shochu constituting the spongy bone in the actual human calcaneus, the diameter of the nylon string corresponds to the thickness of the bone shochu (Th), and the spacing of the nylon strings corresponds to the bone shochu spacing (Sp). In the present invention, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 in consideration of the average value (684㎛) of the nylon string having a diameter of 150㎛ similar to the average value of bone thickness of the human calf bone (127㎛) And seven spongy bone phantoms having different nylon row arrangement intervals of 900 μm. Although the spongy bone phantom has a very regular and simple structure compared to the actual spongy bone, the dependence of the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient on the frequency is similar to that of the human spongy bone, where the nylon string constituting the spongy bone phantom is used. It has a sound characteristic similar to that of bone shochu.
2 is a diagram of a quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 10 for an embodiment of the present invention. In the same configuration as the conventional quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, according to FIG. 2, a pair of
The pair of
The
The
The received signal directly checked through the
That is, in the present invention, the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient are obtained by using the ultrasonic signal transmitted through the cancellous bone phantom (p) and the ultrasonic signal transmitted through the cancellous bone phantom (p) between the
ω is the angular frequency of ultrasonic waves, Cw is the sound velocity in water (1476 m / s at 18 ° C), d is the thickness of the spongy bone phantom, Δφ (ω) is the ultrasonic signal before the spongy bone phantom (p) and the spongy bone phantom The phase difference of the ultrasonic signal transmitted through (p) is shown.
The attenuation coefficient α (ω) [dB / cm] of the spongy bone phantom (p) is calculated from the following equation using the received signal collected to measure the phase velocity.
A0 (ω) is the power spectral level of the ultrasonic signal before penetrating the cavernous bone phantom (p), Aｐ (ω) is the power spectral level of the ultrasound signal transmitted through the cavernous bone phantom (p), and d is the thickness of the cavernous bone phantom. τ (ω) represents the power transmission coefficient at the interface between water and the spongy bone phantom (p). The first term of the equation represents the apparent attenuation coefficient of the spongy bone phantom (p), and the second term represents the transmission loss at the interface between the water and the spongy bone phantom (p). In general, the loss of spongy bone in water is very small and can be ignored.
An embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for predicting bone structure by using the correlation between the bone spacing interval Sp and the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient obtained by the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
Figure 3 is a phase velocity graph according to the bone spawn interval (Sp) of the seven spongy bone phantom obtained by the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and according to the bone spawn spacing (Sp) of the seven spongy bone phantom obtained by the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (10) Attenuation coefficient graph. In the graph, the symbol ○ represents the average value of phase velocity and attenuation coefficient measured ten times while the seven spongy bone phantoms are repositioned midway between the ultrasonic transmitter and the receiver, and the error bars represent the standard deviation.
As shown in Fig. 3, the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient decrease linearly as the bone spacing interval Sp of the spongy bone phantom increases. In other words, it was confirmed that there is a negative linear correlation between the spasmosphere spacing (Sp) and phase velocity, the spasmosphere spacing (Sp) and the attenuation coefficient.
The following formula represents the volume fraction (VF) of the spongy bone phantom. Bone volume ratio is a value obtained by the bone shochu thickness (Th) and bone shochu spacing (Sp) of the spongy bone phantom produced for the embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the cylindrical nylon string of the spongy bone phantom in a single volume Variables related to bone mineral density.
Table 1 is a table showing the bone capacity ratio according to the above formula, as shown in Table 1 because the bone shochu thickness (Th) has the same interval, the bone capacity ratio will have different values by the bone shochu spacing (Sp) . This is included in the range of 0.02 to 0.14, the ratio of bone volume to human calcaneus.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for predicting bone structure through the correlation between the ratio of bone volume and the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient obtained through the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
Figure 4 is a graph of the phase velocity according to the bone capacity ratio of the seven spongy bone phantoms obtained through the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and a graph of attenuation coefficients according to the bone capacity ratio of the seven spongy bone phantoms obtained by the quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 4, the phase velocity and the attenuation coefficient linearly increase as the ratio of bone volume of the spongy bone phantom increases. That is, it was confirmed that a positive linear correlation exists between the bone volume ratio and the phase velocity, the bone volume ratio and the attenuation coefficient.
Through the embodiment of the present invention it was possible to determine the correlation between the phase velocity, attenuation coefficient and bone spasm interval, bone volume ratio of the spongy bone phantom. This correlation means that the actual bone bone spacing can be predicted by the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient obtained when the actual human bone is measured by a quantitative ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
The spongy bone is composed of solid bone shochu forming a three-dimensional lattice, and the bone marrow, which is fluid, is filled in the space therebetween. When measuring bone structure by using quantitative ultrasonic technique, if the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient calculated from the received ultrasonic signal have a small value, it means that there is less bone shochu in the cavernous bone and the space between the bone shochu forming the cavernous bone It can be judged that this is large. It can be predicted that bone spasm is large. On the contrary, if the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient have a large value, it means that there are many bone shochus in the spongy bone, which can be predicted that the spacing of the spongy bones is small.
That is, if the bone spacing interval is large, it can be determined that the bone strength is weak, and if it is confirmed that the bone spacing interval is small, it can be determined that the bone strength is strong.
As a result, the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of spongy bone were measured by conventional quantitative ultrasound technique, and the bone structure could be predicted by the fact that it has a linear relationship with the bone structure spacing and bone volume ratio. Osteoporosis could be diagnosed.
As described above, the detailed description of the present invention has been made by the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, since the above-described embodiments have only been described by way of example, the present invention has been described above. It should not be understood to be limited only to, but the scope of the present invention will be understood by the claims and equivalent concepts described below.
10: Quantitative Ultrasound Diagnostic Device
11: ultrasonic transducer
12: transceiver
13: digital detector tube
14: display unit
Claims (15)
Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal;
Estimating bone spacing intervals of the spongy bones from the electrical signals using correlations between the bone shochu spacings of the cavernous bones and the electrical signals to predict bone structures of the spongy bones; Including,
In the step C, the electrical signal is calculated as a phase velocity, and the bone spacing interval of the spongy bone is predicted from the phase velocity.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The correlation between the phase velocity and the spongy bone is characterized in that the spasm of the spongy bone becomes narrower as the phase speed increases.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The phase velocity is the electrical signal
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
(Where c (ω) is the phase velocity of the ultrasound waves penetrating the cortical bone, ω is the angular frequency of the ultrasound, Cw is the sound velocity in water, d is the thickness of the spongy bone, and Δφ (ω) is the ultrasonic signal before penetrating the cortical bone Phase difference between ultrasound and penetrating cavernous bone)
Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal;
Estimating bone spacing intervals of the spongy bones from the electrical signals using correlations between the bone shochu spacings of the cavernous bones and the electrical signals to predict bone structures of the spongy bones; Including,
In the step C, the electrical signal is calculated as an attenuation coefficient, and the bone spacing interval of the spongy bone is estimated from the attenuation coefficient.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The correlation between the attenuation coefficient and the spongy bone is characterized in that the spasm of the spongy bone narrows as the attenuation coefficient increases.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The attenuation coefficient is the electrical signal
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
(Where α (ω) is the attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic waves penetrating the cavernous bone, A0 (ω) is the power spectral level of the ultrasonic signal before penetrating the cavernous bone, and A (ω) is the power of the ultrasonic signal penetrating the cavernous bone Spectral level, d is the thickness of spongy bone, τ (ω) is the power transmission coefficient at the interface between water and the spongy bone)
Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal;
Estimating the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone from the electrical signal using the correlation between the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone and the electrical signal to predict the bone structure of the spongy bone; Including,
In step C, the electrical signal is calculated at a phase speed, and the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone is predicted from the phase speed.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The bone volume ratio is
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
(Where VF is bone volume ratio, Th is bone thickness, and Sp is bone spacing)
Correlation between the phase velocity and the spongy bone is characterized in that the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone increases as the phase speed increases
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The phase velocity is the electrical signal
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
(Where c (ω) is the phase velocity of the ultrasound waves penetrating the cortical bone, ω is the angular frequency of the ultrasound, Cw is the sound velocity in water, d is the thickness of the spongy bone, and Δφ (ω) is the ultrasonic signal before penetrating the cortical bone Phase difference between ultrasound and penetrating cavernous bone)
Receiving the ultrasonic wave passing through the spongy bone and converting it into an electrical signal;
Estimating the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone from the electrical signal using the correlation between the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone and the electrical signal to predict the bone structure of the spongy bone; Including,
In the step C, the electrical signal is calculated as an attenuation coefficient, and the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone is estimated from the attenuation coefficient.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The correlation between the attenuation coefficient and the spongy bone is characterized in that the bone capacity ratio of the spongy bone increases as the attenuation coefficient increases.
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
The attenuation coefficient is the electrical signal
Bone Structure Prediction Method Using Quantitative Ultrasound Technique.
(Where α (ω) is the attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic waves penetrating the spongy bone, A0 (ω) is the power spectral level of the ultrasonic signal before penetrating the spongy bone, and A (ω) is the power of the ultrasonic signal penetrating the spongy bone Spectral level, d is the thickness of spongy bone, τ (ω) is the power transmission coefficient at the interface between water and the spongy bone)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101390679B1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2014-05-02 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Method for detecting first arrival pulse in ultrasound transmission computed tomography using windowed nonlinear energy operator |
| KR101412785B1 (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2014-06-27 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Method and apparatus for estimating bone mineral density using ultrasonic nonlinear parameter |
| KR101432871B1 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2014-08-22 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Measuring method and device of bone density by using dispersion rate of ultrasonic phase velocity |
| KR101510525B1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2015-04-10 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Method for Estimating Bone Structure of Proximal Femur by Using Ultrasonic Attenuation and Backscatter Coefficients |
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| JP2863886B2 (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1999-03-03 | 株式会社堀場製作所 | Bone ultrasonic measuring device and bone diagnostic device |
| JP2000083955A (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2000-03-28 | Kasei Optonix Co Ltd | Bone evaluating device and bone evaluating method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101432871B1 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2014-08-22 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Measuring method and device of bone density by using dispersion rate of ultrasonic phase velocity |
| KR101390679B1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2014-05-02 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Method for detecting first arrival pulse in ultrasound transmission computed tomography using windowed nonlinear energy operator |
| KR101412785B1 (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2014-06-27 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Method and apparatus for estimating bone mineral density using ultrasonic nonlinear parameter |
| KR101510525B1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2015-04-10 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | Method for Estimating Bone Structure of Proximal Femur by Using Ultrasonic Attenuation and Backscatter Coefficients |
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