KR101024991B1 - Hollowness slab type-deck plate structure and contruction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A hollow slab type-deck plate structure and a construction method thereof are provided to achieve a lightweight deck plate as well as stability by reducing the amount of placed concrete. CONSTITUTION: A hollow slab type-deck plate structure comprises a base plate(100), truss girders which are fixed at regular intervals on the base plate and embedding members(300) which are located between the truss girders on the base plate. The truss girders comprise horizontal truss girder members(210) that are composed of ridges(211) and valleys(212) and fixed at regular intervals in a specific direction on the base plate, upper-axial roots(220) which are fixed inside the leading edges of the ridges of the horizontal truss girder members, vertical truss girder members(230) whose valleys and leading edges are fixed to the upper-axial roots, and lower-axial roots(240) which are fixed outside the leading edges of the valleys of the vertical truss girder members.

Description

Hollow slab type deck plate structure and construction method of hollow slab type deck plate {HOLLOWNESS SLAB TYPE-DECK PLATE STRUCTURE AND CONTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a hollow slab-type deck plate structure and its construction method, and more particularly, it serves as a slab formwork when constructing the floor of each floor or bridge of a building and is cast as a deck plate used as a structural member without being removed after construction. Hollow slab type deck plate structure and construction method that can reduce the amount of concrete, and thus can reduce the size of the support beam to reduce the weight, provide not only the unique function of the deck plate itself, but also insulation effect It is about.

In general, the reinforced concrete structure applied to each floor or bridge deck of a high-rise building is a composite structure using both concrete as a compression material and rebar as a tension material. When constructing a reinforced concrete structure, a formwork that generally forms the outer surface of the concrete is installed, and the reinforcement is placed on the form to match the structural strength of the concrete, and the concrete is poured to remove the formwork when the curing is completed.

Reinforced concrete method is a method that uses the tensile strength of steel and the compressive property of concrete. Reinforced concrete structures require relatively high air and work force, such as laying the formwork using plywood and lumber, reinforcing the reinforcement, and removing the formwork when curing is completed. Since it is impossible to recycle, it has disadvantages such as waste of materials and industrial waste caused by waste materials.

In order to solve the above drawbacks, the proposed method uses a deck plate having a large bent section as a formless method. The use of deck plates eliminates the need for laying and dismantling formwork, reduces the occurrence of industrial debris, facilitates wiring work and pipe installation in the lower bends, enables safe work, and shortens the overall construction period.

The structure of the deck plate according to an embodiment of the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. 1. 1 is a block diagram showing a state in which concrete is poured on the deck plate according to an embodiment of the prior art.

As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional deck plate structure has a plate member 1 having a protrusion and a concave portion continuously formed therein, and concrete 2 which is coupled to the concave portion of the plate member 1 and placed on the plate member 1. It consists of the attachment member 3 which improves an attachment force.

However, such a conventional deck plate structure has a problem that because the concrete is poured over the entire deck plate, the amount of concrete is consumed and the weight also increases.

Thus, the conventional deck plate structure has a relatively large weight, there is a problem that there is a limit in the application to high-rise buildings that require stability and robustness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a deck plate structure capable of being lightweight while maintaining stability and robustness.

In addition, the conventional deck plate is provided only as a simple function for the formwork method, it is necessary to study the deck plate that can have additional functions in addition to this function.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, while maintaining the stability and robustness can significantly reduce the amount of pour concrete to reduce the weight, hollow slab-type deck plate structure that can reduce the manufacturing cost and its The purpose is to provide a construction method.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to high-rise buildings by reducing the weight of the deck plate and having a solid truss structure, in addition to its own unique function of the deck plate can also provide a thermal insulation effect, easy to install hollow slab-type deck plate Another object is to provide a structure and a construction method thereof.

According to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a bottom plate of a predetermined size; A plurality of truss girders fixed to the bottom plate at intervals; And an embedding member disposed in a space formed on the bottom plate between the truss girders.

The embedding member is preferably disposed spaced apart from the bottom plate.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the bottom plate; A plurality of horizontal truss girder member consisting of a continuous ridge and a straight valley, and fixed to the bottom plate at a predetermined interval in one direction, the upper main root fixed to the inner side of the ridge of the lateral truss girder member, and A plurality of corrugated longitudinal truss girder members formed of ridges fixed to the upper periphery, and lower rotators fixed to the outer sides of the peaks of the valleys of the longitudinal truss girder members; Truss girder; And it provides a hollow slab-type deck plate structure including an embedding member located in the space on the bottom plate between the truss girder, the embedding member is preferably spaced apart from the bottom plate.

The length of the embedding member along the length of the straight trough of the lateral truss girder member may be greater than the length of the straight trough of the lateral truss girder member.

The bottom plate may further include a support means for supporting the embedding member spaced apart.

The present invention of the second aspect of the present invention is connected to the connecting rod fixed to both ends of the upper and lower root; An upper reinforcement member extending and fixed in the other direction orthogonal to the one direction on the outer edge of the ridge of each lateral truss girder member; And it may further include a lower back muscle member fixed to extend in the one direction inside the tip of the valley of the longitudinal truss girder member.

The upper back muscle member is the support means for fixing and supporting the embedding member, the embedding member is preferably fixed to the upper back muscle in advance.

The lower back muscle member may be the support means for seating and supporting the embedding member, and a corresponding position of the lower back muscle member in which the embedding member is positioned may include a seating portion formed in a shape corresponding to a lower surface of the embedding member.

The supporting means includes a seating portion having a shape corresponding to a lower surface of the embedding member and a fixing portion extending further from both ends of the seating portion and fixed to the truss girder or extending from both ends of the seating portion to the bottom plate. Can be.

The embedding member may be formed of any one of a circular sphere, an elliptical sphere, a circular cross section pillar and an elliptical cross section pillar.

Preferably, a wire is wound around the outer surface of the embedding member.

The embedding member is preferably made of expanded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene).

According to a third aspect of the invention, the bottom plate; And a plurality of horizontal truss girder members formed of continuous ridges and straight valleys and fixed to the bottom plate at regular intervals in one direction, and upper vertebrae fixed to the innermost tip of the ridges of the respective horizontal truss girder members; And a longitudinal truss girder member having a corrugated vertical truss girder member formed of ridges fixed to the upper rotator, and a lower rotator fixed to an outer side of a trough portion of the longitudinal truss girder member, the plurality being fixed to the bottom plate at regular intervals. Preparing a plurality of deck plates including trussers; Fixing the deck plate to a frame beam of a building to be constructed; Placing an embedding member in a space of a bottom plate formed between the lateral truss girder members; It provides a hollow slab-type deck plate construction method for placing and curing concrete on the deck plate is installed with the embedding member.

Preferably, the embedding member is disposed spaced apart from the bottom plate by a predetermined interval.

It is preferable to include at least one of fixing the upper back muscles extending in the lateral direction to the outer side of the ridge tip of each of the lateral truss girder member, or fixing the lower back muscles inside the valley tip of the longitudinal truss girder member Do.

The upper reinforcement member is integrally formed with the embedding member embedded by concrete pouring, and when the upper reinforcing member is installed, the embedding member is preferably spaced apart from the space formed on the bottom plate.

According to the hollow slab-type deck plate structure of the present invention and the construction method thereof, the weight reduction can be achieved while maintaining stability and robustness, and thus, the present invention can be applied to high-rise buildings and the like, and the construction can be easily performed.

In addition, the present invention can provide not only its own function as well as the heat insulation effect of the deck plate has the effect that can achieve energy saving of the completed building.

In addition, it is possible to reduce the cost by reducing the amount of concrete pouring of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram showing a state in which concrete is poured on the deck plate according to the prior art.
Figure 2 is a side perspective view showing a hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front sectional view showing a hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention.
Figure 4a is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the supporting means constituting the hollow slab deck plate according to the present invention.
Figure 4b is a front sectional view showing another embodiment of the supporting means constituting the hollow slab deck plate according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the embedding member of the elliptical sphere constituting the hollow slab deck plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing an embedding member of circular spheres constituting a hollow slab deck plate of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a perspective view showing an embedding member of the elliptical cross-section pillar form constituting the hollow slab deck plate of the present invention.
8 is a perspective view showing an embedding member in the form of a circular cross-section column constituting the hollow slab deck plate of the present invention.

Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

Hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention is a bottom plate of a predetermined size; A plurality of truss girders fixed to the bottom plate at intervals; And an embedding member positioned in a space formed in the bottom plate between the truss girders.

The embedding member is a member to be embedded on the bottom plate by the concrete to be poured later, preferably be composed of a circular sphere, an elliptical sphere, a circular cross-section column, an elliptical cross-section column, the material is expanded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene) (Aka: Styrofoam).

The present invention may include support means for supporting the embedding member spaced apart from the bottom plate by a predetermined height.

In addition, the support means may be composed of an upper back member fixed to the top of the truss girder or a lower back member fixed to the middle portion of the truss girder, optionally the embedding member may be fixed to the upper back member in advance .

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 2 is a side perspective view showing a hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a front sectional view showing a hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the hollow slab deck plate structure according to the present invention is largely a bottom plate 100 of a predetermined size; A plurality of truss girders 200 fixed to the bottom plate 100 at a predetermined interval; And an embedding member 300 positioned on the bottom plate 100 formed between the truss girder 200.

In the following description, the terms about the longitudinal direction (vertical) and the transverse direction (horizontal) do not refer to any specific direction, but are used to distinguish the directions orthogonal to each other based on the bottom plate shown in the drawings.

The bottom plate 100 has a protrusion 110 as a portion for fixing a straight valley 212 (described later) of the horizontal truss girder member 210 (see FIG. 2) of the truss girder 200 to be described later. Is formed over the entire length in the longitudinal direction.

Both edges of the bottom plate 100 is formed with a coupling bent portion 120 for coupling with the other bottom plate, one edge is formed of a bent portion that is bent to the lower opening, that is, a reverse U-shaped bent portion , The other edge is formed by an upwardly bent portion. The other edge may be formed of a U-shaped bent portion.

The bottom plate 100 may be formed by press working, for example, formed of a galvanized steel sheet.

The truss girder 200 includes a lateral truss girder member 210 of a wave shape in the transverse direction of the bottom plate 100, the lateral truss girder member 210 is fixed at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction.

The horizontal truss girder member 210 is formed of a continuous raised portion 211 and a straight valley 212, the straight valley 212 is fixed to the protrusion 110 of the bottom plate 100 by welding or the like. do.

The upper main root 220 extending in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the inside of each of the ridges 211 of the lateral truss girder member 210 by welding or the like.

A vertical truss girder member 230 having a wave shape in which the ridge and the valley are continuous is positioned below the upper rotator 220, and the tip of the ridge is fixed to the upper rotator 220 by welding or the like.

The lower main root 240 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical truss girder member 230 by welding or the like outside the valley tip of the vertical truss girder member 230.

At both ends of the upper freckle 220 and the lower freckle 240 in the longitudinal direction, the connecting freckle 250 is fixed to the upper freckle 220 and the lower freckle 240 by welding or the like.

In addition, the upper reinforcement member 260 extending in the lateral direction is fixed to the outer edge of each ridge 211 of the lateral truss girder member 210 by welding or the like. It is preferable that the upper reinforcement member 260 is fixed by welding or the like during construction in the field.

In addition, a lower reinforcement member 270 that is fixed by welding or the like may be selectively provided inside the valley tip of the vertical truss girder member 230. The lower reinforcement member 270 is a component that can be constructed as needed after the structural review.

The embedding member 300 is positioned between the longitudinal spaces of the bottom plate 100 formed by the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220.

The embedding member 300 is a member embedded by concrete to be poured later. In addition, the embedding member 300 may be coated with a reinforcing member (not shown) in order to improve shape retention and robustness, and to increase adhesion with concrete to be poured later. In an embodiment of the reinforcing member, a strip of steel may be wound around the outer surface or coated with a wire. The reinforcing member may be wound in a spiral form.

As shown in FIG. 3, the embedding member 300 is preferably spaced apart from the bottom plate 100 by a predetermined distance D. The reason for this separation is to maintain the firmness and stability of the hollow slab type deck plate so that the concrete to be poured later can be poured between the bottom plate 100 and the embedding member 300.

A configuration in which the embedding member 300 is spaced apart from the bottom plate 100 by a predetermined interval D will be described.

First, as an embodiment, the diameter of the embedding member 300 may be formed to have a length longer than the length of the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220. Accordingly, the embedding member 300 may be fixed between the truss girder 200 by being positioned between the longitudinal spaces of the bottom plate 100 to the bottom plate 100 or the truss girder 200. It can be maintained even if a separate support means for fixing the embedding member 300 is not formed.

Next, in another embodiment, the embedding member 300 may be formed to have a diameter smaller than the length of the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 210, in which case the embedding member 300 through the support means. It can be supported so as to be spaced apart from the bottom plate 100 by a predetermined interval (D).

The support means may be composed of the upper back member 260 or the lower back member 270 described above.

Specifically, when the support means is composed of the upper reinforcement member 260, the embedding member 300 to the upper reinforcement member 260 fixed to the outer edge of each ridge 211 of the lateral truss girder member 210 In this case, the embedding member 300 may be fixed to the upper back muscle member 260 in advance. Next, when the support means is composed of a lower back muscle member 260, the embedding member 300 is seated on the lower back muscle member 270 that is fixed inside the valley tip of the longitudinal truss girder member 230 is supported Can be. Optionally, a mounting portion formed to correspond to a lower shape of the embedding member 300 may correspond to a portion of the lower back member 270 in which the embedding member 300 is located. In addition, a fixing protrusion for fixing the embedding member 300 may be formed to protrude upward in the lower back member 270.

Another embodiment of the support means will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. Figure 4a is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the support means for constituting the hollow slab-type deck plate according to the present invention, Figure 4b shows another embodiment of the support means for constituting the hollow slab-type deck plate according to the present invention Front section view.

First, as shown in Figure 4a, the support means 400 is to improve the positioning and seating of the embedding member 300, the seating portion having a shape corresponding to the lower surface of the embedding member 300 and the seating portion It consists of a fixing part which extends downward from both ends (direction of the bottom plate 100), and is fixed. Fixing protrusions of the embedding member may be formed in the seating portion.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, the support means 400 includes a seating portion having a shape corresponding to the bottom surface of the embedding member 300 and a fixing portion extending from both ends of the seating portion and fixed to the horizontal truss girder member 210. Is made of. Fixing protrusions of the embedding member may be formed in the seating portion.

Meanwhile, an embodiment of the embedding member 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8. 5 to 8 each show an embodiment of the embedding member, Figure 5 is a case made of an elliptical sphere, Figure 6 is a case made of a circular sphere. In addition, Figure 7 is a case made of an elliptical cross-section pillar, Figure 8 is a case made of a circular cross-section pillar.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, the embedding member 300 may be formed of an elliptical sphere 320. Such elliptical spheres 320 are likewise located in large numbers between the longitudinal spaces of the bottom plate 100 formed by each of the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220.

Here, it is preferable that the longitudinal diameter (diameter of the major axis) of the elliptical sphere 320 is larger than the length of the straight valley 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220. In this case, when the elliptical sphere 320 is located between the longitudinal space of the bottom plate can be fixed between the truss girder 200 by the embedding member (the bottom plate 100 or the truss girder 200) It is not necessary to form a separate fixing means for fixing the 300.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the embedding member 300 may be formed as a ball-shaped circular sphere 310. Such circular spheres 310 are located in large numbers between the longitudinal space of the bottom plate 100 formed by each of the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220.

6 and 7, the embedding member 300 may be formed in a pillar shape 340 having an elliptical cross section and a pillar shape 330 having a circular cross section. The embedding member 330 of the circular cross section pillar and the embedding member 340 of the elliptical cross section pillar are disposed between the longitudinal spaces of the bottom plate 100 formed by the straight valleys 212 of the lateral truss girder member 220. It is located throughout the battlefield.

Here, the diameter of the embedding member 330 of the circular cross section pillar and the longitudinal diameter of the embedding member 340 of the elliptical cross section pillar is formed to be larger than the length of the straight bone portion 212 of the horizontal truss girder member 220 It is preferable. Therefore, the same effect as that of the other embedding members 310 and 320 described above can be achieved.

The diameter of the circular sphere 310 and the elliptical sphere 320 of the embedding member 300 may be formed smaller than the straight valleys 212 of the horizontal truss girder member 220, in this case is a support means with a predetermined interval It may be integrally formed in the upper back muscle member 260, it may be supported to be spaced apart by a predetermined interval (D) by the support means (270, 400, 410).

As an example in which the embedding member 300 is integrally formed with the upper back muscle member 260, the embedding member 300 may be suspended by the upper back muscle member 260 through a wire or the like. Alternatively, as will be described later, the embedding member 300 may be preferably formed of expanded polystyrene to form a fixing protrusion protruding from the upper reinforcement member 260 to be fixed to the protrusion.

As such, when the embedding member 300 is integrated with the upper back member 260, when the upper back member 260 is installed, the embedding member 300 may also be installed at the same time, thereby improving workability.

On the other hand, the embedding member 300 may be wound with a wire (not shown) in order to improve shape retention and robustness, and to increase adhesion with concrete to be poured later.

The embedding member 300 has been described in the above-described embodiment of a specific form, but is not limited thereto, and may be formed of various materials and forms. For example, building waste can be utilized, which can lead to resource recycling and environmental protection.

Preferably, the embedding member 300 is preferably made of expanded polystyrene (aka: styrofoam) in consideration of workability, economical efficiency, and thermal insulation.

Hereinafter will be described the construction method of the hollow slab deck plate according to the present invention configured as described above.

Preparing a deck plate including a bottom plate having the truss girder described above fixed to an upper surface thereof; Connecting and fixing the deck plate to the frame beam of the building to be constructed; Positioning an embedding member in the deck plate into a space of a bottom plate formed between truss girders; It includes curing by pouring concrete on the deck plate provided with the embedding member and reinforcement bar.

The construction method of the present invention may further include fixing the reinforcement bar to the truss girder of the deck plate before placing concrete on the deck plate.

In addition, in the construction method of the present invention, when placing the embedding member, it is preferable to keep concrete spaced apart from the bottom plate of the deck plate, and then cast concrete.

Here, when the embedding member is integrally formed on the reinforcement (the upper reinforcement in the above description), that is, when the reinforcement is fixed to the truss girder by prefabricating the reinforcement with the embedding member in advance, embedding Since the members can be positioned at the same time, a work process for separately positioning the embedding member can be omitted, thereby improving workability.

The deck plate structure and the deck plate construction method according to the present invention can be applied to a high-rise building while maintaining the stability and robustness of the slab, and can be applied to a high-rise building, and also embeds its own unique functions as well as the deck plate. Insulation effect can be provided according to the material of the member, and energy saving of the completed building can be achieved. In addition, in the case of using the waste recycling material as the embedding member can also achieve resource recycling and environmental protection.

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope not departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are possible in the art. It will be evident to those who have knowledge of.

100: bottom plate
200: truss girder
210: horizontal truss girder member
211: ridge
212 straight line
220: upper root
230: vertical truss girder member
240: lower root
250: connection
260: upper back member
270: lower back muscle member
300: embedding member
310: spherical sphere
320: elliptical sphere
330: circular cross column
340: oval cross section

Claims (18)

delete delete Bottom plate;
A plurality of horizontal truss girder member consisting of a continuous ridge and a straight valley, and fixed to the bottom plate at a predetermined interval in one direction, the upper main root fixed to the inner side of the ridge of the lateral truss girder member, and A plurality of corrugated longitudinal truss girder members formed of ridges fixed to the upper periphery, and lower rotators fixed to the outer sides of the peaks of the valleys of the longitudinal truss girder members, the plurality of fixed to the bottom plate at regular intervals; Truss girder; And
Embedding member located in the space on the bottom plate between the truss girder
Hollow slab deck plate structure comprising a.
The method of claim 3,
The embedding member is disposed spaced apart from the bottom plate
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 3,
The length of the embedding member along the length of the straight trough of the lateral truss girder member is greater than the length of the straight trough of the lateral truss girder member.
Hollow slab deck plate structure,
delete The method of claim 4, wherein
Support means for supporting the embedding member spaced apart from the bottom plate;
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 4, wherein
A connecting rod fixed to connect both ends of the upper and lower main roots;
An upper reinforcement member extending and fixed in the other direction orthogonal to the one direction on the outer edge of the ridge of each lateral truss girder member; And
Further comprising a lower back muscle member fixed to extend in the one direction inside the tip of the valley of the longitudinal truss girder member
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 8,
The upper back muscle member fixedly supports the embedding member,
The embedding member is fixed in advance to the upper back muscle member is supported
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 8,
The lower back muscle member is supported by seating the embedding member,
The corresponding position of the lower back muscle member in which the embedding member is located includes a seating portion formed in a shape corresponding to the lower surface of the embedding member.
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 7, wherein
The support means
A seating portion having a shape corresponding to a lower surface of the embedding member and a fixing portion extending further from both ends of the seating portion and fixed to the truss girder or extending from both ends of the seating portion to the bottom plate.
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 11,
The embedding member is formed of any one of a circular sphere, an elliptical sphere, a circular cross section pillar and an elliptical cross section pillar
Hollow slab deck plate structure. The method of claim 12,
Wire is wound around the outer surface of the embedding member
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
The method of claim 13,
The embedding member is made of expanded polystyrene (expanded polystyrene)
Hollow slab deck plate structure.
Bottom plate; And a plurality of horizontal truss girder members formed of continuous ridges and straight valleys and fixed to the bottom plate at regular intervals in one direction, and upper vertebrae fixed to the innermost tip of the ridges of the respective horizontal truss girder members; And a longitudinal truss girder member having a corrugated vertical truss girder member formed of ridges fixed to the upper rotator, and a lower rotator fixed to an outer side of a trough portion of the longitudinal truss girder member, the plurality being fixed to the bottom plate at regular intervals. Preparing a plurality of deck plates including trussers;
Fixing the deck plate to a frame beam of a building to be constructed;
Placing an embedding member in a space of a bottom plate formed between the lateral truss girder members;
Curing by pouring concrete on the deck plate on which the embedding member is installed
Hollow slab deck plate construction method.
16. The method of claim 15,
Arranging the embedding member spaced apart from the bottom plate by a predetermined interval
Hollow slab deck plate construction method.
The method of claim 16,
At least one of fixing a transversely extending upper reinforcement member to the outside of each ridge tip of the transverse truss girder member, or fixing a lower reinforcement member to the inside of the valley tip of the longitudinal truss girder member
Hollow slab deck plate construction method.
The method of claim 17,
When the upper reinforcement member is fixed to the lateral truss girder member, the embedding member embedded by concrete placement is integrally formed with the upper reinforcement member so that the embedding member is mounted on the bottom plate when the upper reinforcement member is installed. Are spaced apart in the space where it is formed,
When the lower reinforcement member is fixed to the lateral truss girder member, the embedding member embedded by concrete placing is positioned on the lower reinforcement member and spaced apart from a space formed in the bottom plate.
Hollow slab deck plate construction method.

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