KR101010583B1 - Preparation method for a seamless metal sleeve - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal sleeve by electroplating, and more specifically, (A) plating a metal thin film on a master by electroplating; (B) heat-treating the metal plated master in a hydrogen atmosphere; And (C) separating the metal thin film from the master by cooling to 80˜100 ° C. after the heat treatment. Characterized in that comprises a.

According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, there is no brittleness caused by sulfur, which is a decisive disadvantage of the metal sleeve manufactured by electroplating, and a metal sleeve having high toughness and high elasticity can be manufactured. In addition, the plated sleeve can be easily removed from the master without resistance, enabling economic mass production of metal sleeves.

Metal Sleeve, Seamless, Electroplating, Fuser, Toughness, Master

Description

Manufacturing method for a seamless metal sleeve {Preparation method for a seamless metal sleeve}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a metal sleeve (metal sleeve) mainly used in the fixing device of the image forming apparatus, and is easy to separate from the master after pre-plating, there is no increase in brittleness due to sulfur at high temperature and excellent toughness value It relates to a method of manufacturing a metal sleeve that greatly increased durability.

Seamless ultra-thin cylindrical metal sleeves (Seamless Metal Sleeve) is one of the parts of the toner fixing unit to secure the toner ink to the recording paper by thermal compression in copiers, printers, fax machines, OHP sheets, and other image forming apparatus. Recently, according to the market demand for high durability due to the high speed of the image forming apparatus, it is replacing the existing polyimide film material, and there is a demand for a method that can economically mass-produce as high performance of various electronic products requiring a transfer apparatus is required. It is becoming.

Two methods of manufacturing metal sleeves known to date include electroforming and mechanical drawing, including a deep drawing process (hereinafter, referred to as a 'deep drawing method').

Fabrication of metal sleeves by electroplating has been known for several decades. After preplating with a thickness of 30 to 40 microns, the master is made of stainless steel in the form of a hollow tube whose surface roughness is Rz = 0.5 micron or less. Metal sleeves are prepared by separating the pre-plated layer from the master. In general, electroplating is carried out at a working temperature of about 60 ℃, the electroplating solution is a nickel sulfamate or nickel sulfate commercially available or introduced in the literature. When the plating is completed and cooled to room temperature (20 ° C.), a fine gap is generated between the master and the pre-plated metal sleeve due to the difference in shrinkage of the master stainless and nickel electrodeposition. In other words, considering the thermal expansion coefficient of stainless steel 16 × 10 ^-6 m / m · K and the nickel thermal expansion coefficient 13 × 10 ^-6 m / m · K, eventually (16-13) × 10 ^-6 m / m · KX The shrinkage difference of (333-293) K = 120 μm / m allows the metal sleeves produced by electroplating to be separated from the master mold. At this time, it can be seen that the thickness of the master is as thick as possible, the thickness of the electroplating layer is as thin as possible, the larger the separation gap.

In the method of manufacturing the metal sleeve by electroplating as described above, since the gap between the plating film and the master is small, the master surface is damaged by causing a lot of scratches or scratches on the mold surface during the release separation operation. Using a damaged master not only makes the product difficult to separate, but also produces metal sleeves with many surface defects. Therefore, the master using a certain number of times must be discarded or the surface must be reworked and used, thereby lowering the productivity of the metal sleeve and increasing the manufacturing cost, thereby losing the competitiveness.

In addition, the metal sleeve manufactured by electroplating has a problem in that brittleness rapidly increases when exposed to high temperature, and is easily broken. In fact, the metal sleeve is coated on the surface for release and elasticity purposes such as Teflon (for black and white) or PFA rubber coating (for color). In the process, Teflon coating is 250 ~ 350 ℃ and PFA rubber coating. The heat treatment process is performed around 200 ~ 250 ℃. Even if the low temperature coating is performed around 200 ℃, which has less effect on brittleness, such as PFA rubber coating, the internal temperature of the fixing unit is below 200 ℃ due to paper jam or printer failure during actual use. In the worst case, the temperature may temporarily rise to 300 ° C in the worst case, so that the increase in brittleness is inevitable, and thus there is a lack of reliable parts.

The brittleness of the metal sleeve by electroplating is due to the sulfur component occluded in the crystal structure during plating. Sulfur usually contributes to the formation of a nano-sized crystal structure, and thus there are many sulfur particles formed during plating. . When the metal sleeve is exposed to a temperature condition of 230 ° C. or higher, nano-sized grains grow in microns, resulting in volume growth of about 1 million times. This means that the area of grain boundaries is reduced by that amount. As a result, the concentration of sulfur accumulated in grain boundaries is increased by several hundred times as compared with the unit area, so that the metal sleeve is brittle due to the grain boundary segregation of sulfur, and the material is crumbly. The situation where you have a vulnerability.

Recently, due to the problem of the method of manufacturing the metal sleeve by electroplating, there is a tendency to prefer parts manufactured by deep drawing. In this method, a shape is first formed by deep drawing, and a metal sleeve is manufactured by mechanical processing such as spinning, ironing or swaging in a subsequent process. In this mechanical processing, the hardness and hardness of the metal sleeve are increased by hardening, and in the process, defects such as dislocations accumulate in the material to generate internal stress, which acts as a cause of brittleness. It is much weaker than brittleness.

As a fuser component, the metal sleeve should be characterized by high toughness and high stiffness in order to have a durability of at least 200,000 sheets as a high-speed high-speed rotating body. The double toughness value is a value that determines the toughness that absolutely affects the durability. It corresponds to the energy that the material takes until fracture occurs in the tensile test. Therefore, the higher the tensile strength and the higher the elongation, the better the properties. Metal sleeves by conventional electroplating have tensile strength 1500 ~ 1650 Mpa, hardness 400 ~ 500 Hv, elongation less than 5%, whereas metal sleeves by deep drawing method have tensile strength 1500 ~ 1700 Mpa, hardness 350 ~ 450 Hv, elongation Below 2%, the material is strong and hard, but it is more easily broken due to low elongation and low toughness. However, the fact that there is no sudden increase in brittleness when exposed to high temperature, which is a weak point of metal sleeves due to electroplating, acts as a relatively strong point, and the deep drawing method which is absolutely advantageous in high temperature working conditions is preferred.

On the other hand, in order to increase the speed of a printer or the like, it is advantageous to use a metal sleeve having a high thermal conductivity and a thinner thickness. Metal sleeves by deep drawing are limited to stainless materials, and the thermal conductivity is lower than that of nickel metal sleeves manufactured by electroplating, and the thickness of the manufactured metal sleeves is thick. In the case of electroplating, nanocrystalline structure is obtained by the sulfur occluded together, and the product having high tensile strength and hardness can be manufactured by such microcrystals. However, due to the inherent softness of nickel by the deep drawing method, it is not possible to obtain the desired strength or hardness as the final material. In addition, due to the nature of the mechanical processing method generates a lot of scrap, the raw material itself is not suitable as a method for producing a metal sleeve of nickel material.

Accordingly, there is a need for the development of a method for economically mass-producing a metal sleeve having a high thermal conductivity metal material having high toughness and high elasticity and having no problem of brittleness due to sulfur.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a metal sleeve that solves the problem of brittleness by sulfur, which is a decisive disadvantage of the metal sleeve manufactured by the electroplating method.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to manufacture a metal sleeve with high durability due to the high toughness value.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a new method for easily separating the plated sleeve from the master to economically mass-produce metal sleeves, and heat treatment to improve the properties of the metal to ensure a high durability life of more than 200,000 sheets It aims to provide conditions and methods.

Method for producing a metal sleeve by electroplating of the present invention for achieving the above object, (A) plating a metal thin film on the master by electroplating; (B) heat-treating the metal plated master in a hydrogen atmosphere; And (C) separating the metal thin film from the master by cooling to 80˜100 ° C. after the heat treatment. Characterized in that comprises a.

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method that can solve the problem of the metal sleeve by conventional electroplating, the detailed description of the electroplating of step (A) is any method by the prior art according to the choice of those skilled in the art Detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The heat treatment step (B) is a key process of the present invention for solving the brittleness problem by sulfur. When the heat treatment is performed in a hydrogen atmosphere, sulfur, which is present in the solid state or as a metal complex, is removed by reaction with hydrogen to form gaseous hydrogen disulfide to vaporize. In the following reaction scheme, only nickel is exemplified, but in the case of other metals, sulfur is removed from the metal sleeve by a similar reaction, thereby eliminating the brittleness problem caused by sulfur.

<Scheme>

H ₂ + S → H ₂ S ↑

Ni ₃ S ₂ + 2H ₂ → 3Ni + 2H ₂ S ↑

The heat treatment in step (B) not only removes sulfur, but also changes the nano-sized crystals into a high elongation material having an equiaxed microcrystalline structure of 1 to 2 microns in size, leading to a sharp increase in elongation. By producing a highly elastic structure having a {111} crystal structure in the vertical direction on the plate surface it is possible to manufacture a metal sleeve having high toughness, high elastic properties.

The heat treatment of the step (B) is preferably carried out at 350 ~ 600 ℃ 30 minutes or more, it is more preferably carried out at 450 ~ 540 ℃ 30 minutes or more. In the following examples of the present invention did not present specific data, when the heat treatment temperature is less than 350 ℃ desulfurization did not occur completely even if the heat treatment time is longer. If the heat treatment temperature is over 600 ℃, even if the time is shortened, it is instantaneously overheated (heavy annealing), so that the crystal structure is overgrown to 10 microns or more, and the tensile strength and hardness suddenly decrease, which makes it unsuitable for the product. Although the heat processing time does not have an upper limit in working time in 30 minutes or more, it is preferable to make it normally in the range within 2 to 5 hours. In addition, it is natural that the heat treatment time should be adjusted to the optimum conditions according to specific conditions such as temperature, size of input material, quantity, and structure of equipment.

The heat treatment is preferably made in a 0.001-0.2 MPa hydrogen atmosphere. As can be seen from the reaction formula, too little hydrogen desulfurization will not occur sufficiently and brittleness due to sulfur will remain. On the contrary, too high hydrogen pressure not only increases production costs but also risks explosion.

Materials of the metal sleeve include nickel (Ni), nickel and iron alloys (Ni / Fe), nickel and cobalt (Ni / Co), nickel and manganese (Ni / Mn), nickel and tin (Ni / Sn), nickel and Zinc (Ni / Zn), Nickel and Copper (Ni / Cu), Nickel and Iron and Cobalt (Ni / Fe / Co), Nickel and Iron and Chromium (Ni / Fe / Cr), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu It is preferable that the material selected from the group consisting of In the following examples, only Ni metal sleeves have been described as examples, but it is not limited thereto.

Step (C) is a step of separating the metal thin film from the master, it is preferable to separate in a state cooled to 80 ~ 100 ℃ after the heat treatment is completed. In the heat treatment and cooling process, a fine gap is formed due to the difference in thermal expansion rate between the master and the metal thin film, so that the metal sleeve can be separated using the gap. However, when the metal sleeve is in contact with the air at a temperature of 100 ℃ or more is formed a fine oxide layer on the surface it is preferable to take out from the heat treatment at a temperature below 100 ℃. Too high a temperature also makes handling difficult.

The master used in the manufacturing method of the metal sleeve of the present invention is in the form of a hollow tube, and a high hardness conductive material is formed on a pipe having a thermal expansion smaller than the typical thermal expansion value of nickel of 13 × 10 ⁻⁶ m / m · K. Preference is given to using the coated ones. The master of its own material 13 × 10 ^-6 m / m · thermal expansion value is greater stainless steel ^{(16 × 10 -6 m / m} · K) , the expansion of a much larger thickness than the master on the plated metal thin film than the case of K Since the amount is very large compared to the expansion amount of the plated layer, the plated layer is stretched during the heat treatment process. When the heat treatment is completed and cooled, various types of wrinkles are formed in the process of shrinking the plated layer, thereby forming surface defects. To solve this problem, the tolerance of the master may be calculated by considering the predetermined heat treatment temperature, the master thickness, and the thickness of the plating layer. However, this method also has problems such as temperature difference inside the heat treatment, difference in plating thickness, and when the stainless pipe is repeatedly used at high temperature, the surface scale (oxide layer) becomes thicker and easily exceeds the initial tolerance range. It is preferable to use a master of a material such as quartz having a thermal expansion coefficient of 0.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ or Invar having 1.6 × 10 ⁻⁶ . The outer diameter of the master will be used according to the thickness of the metal sleeve to be manufactured, but the thickness (difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter) of the pipe is preferably 1 to 10mm, more preferably 1 to 5mm.

When the material having a very low thermal expansion rate as a master is used as the master, expansion of the master due to temperature change can be ignored and only thermal expansion of the electroplated metal sleeve occurs. Taking the quartz master as an example, when it is heated to 60 ° C, which is the temperature of pre-plating, and becomes 80 ° C, nickel is in a state where thermal expansion coefficient of 0.5 × 10 ^-6 m / m · K is negligible and the expansion of the quartz master is negligible. An expansion of 13 × 10 ⁻⁶ m / m · KX (353-333) K = 260 μm / m results in a relatively large separation gap between the master and the plating layer. At this time, the temperature of 80 ℃ can be achieved in the process of cooling to room temperature after the end of the heat treatment operation for the purpose of desulfurization and annealing without going through a separate heating process can achieve the work efficiency. In other words, a separation gap is formed between the quartz master and the metal sleeve by thermal expansion during the heat treatment of the product, so that the product can be naturally separated from the master.

It is preferable to form and use the thin film layer of the electroconductive material whose hardness is Hv1000 or more on the said master. In particular, the quartz master can be used for electroplating only when the conductive material is coated. The stainless master used in conventional electroplating is used without coating, but very fine scratches are generated on the master surface by repetitive separation of the product. When the electroplating is reused, the scratch shape appears on the plating surface and it is difficult to separate. You lose. Therefore, as described above, the master surface, which must be used repeatedly for many times, minimizes surface damage such as scratches or scratches, can speed up work and lower the cost of manufacturing the product. It is preferable to form and use a superhard film of CrN of Hv 1500-2000, TiN of Hv 1500-2500, TiCN of Hv 2700-3000, or TiAlN of Hv 2600-3000 so that surface roughness is low and lubricity is good. Since the vacuum deposition method of the superhard film is extremely general, those skilled in the art will be able to select and use from the prior art even if the specific method is not discussed separately. The CrN or TiN or TiAIN or TiCN thin film layer preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 microns, more preferably 1 to 3 microns.

For example of nickel electroplating according to an embodiment of the present invention, the superhard film has a film hardness of Hv 1500 or more much higher than that of Hv 350 to 550 of the electroplated Ni layer, so that there is no damage to the master, thereby providing a clean inner surface. It becomes possible to obtain the metal sleeve product which has. In addition, as long as there is no unexpected big impact or damage from the outside, it is possible to use the master semi-permanently and save cost. In addition, the low friction coefficient (0.4 or less), which is a characteristic of the coating material, makes it possible to secure excellent lubricity of the master surface, thereby additionally obtaining an advantage that is much more advantageous in the release operation.

Method for producing a metal sleeve by electroplating of the present invention is a modified example, (A) preparing a metal thin film by electroplating on the master; (B) separating the metal thin film from the master; (C) heat-treating the separated metal thin film in a hydrogen support atmosphere in a fixed support; And (D) separating the metal thin film from the fixed support by cooling to 80 to 100 ° C. after the heat treatment.

Steps (A) and (B) in the modified manufacturing method may be applied to a method of manufacturing a metal sleeve by conventional electroplating as it is. The master is not limited to the material according to the coefficient of thermal expansion, but it is preferable to use the one having a high hardness film formed for the above reason. In addition, depending on the material of the master may be separated by cooling or heated to an appropriate temperature after pre-plating to facilitate the separation of the metal thin film. This is a conventional technique and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The heat treatment in the step (C) is preferably performed under the same conditions as the above-described metal sleeve manufacturing method except that the metal thin film is inserted into the fixed support and heat treated, and further detailed description of the heat treatment conditions is omitted.

The fixed support is used to prevent deformation such as distorting the metal sleeve at a high temperature during heat treatment, it is preferable to use a cylindrical or hollow tube shape of 0.05 ~ 0.5mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal sleeve. As the material of the fixed support, stainless steel or other metal material that can withstand high temperatures may be used, but a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the electroplating layer is preferably used. When using a fixed support with a large coefficient of thermal expansion or a large inner diameter of the fixed support, the expansion of the fixed support becomes larger than that of the metal sleeve during the heat treatment at high temperature. It produces fine surface defects.

Nickel metal sleeves made according to the present invention according to the following examples are made in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the metal sleeve which has almost no internal stress, whereas the metal sleeves according to the conventional electroplating technique have a nano crystal structure. } It is composed of grains of equiaxed crystal structure with mainly aggregates. In particular, the metal sleeve manufactured by the deep drawing method is in a work hardened state in which a large number of dislocations exist in the grains, and irregularly arranged crystal structures of the {110} and {001} orientations of irregularly stretched irregular shapes are drawn. However, in the metal sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention, dislocations do not exist and crystals having a size of 1 to 10 microns are uniformly arranged. The heat treatment temperature or time may be appropriately adjusted according to the material and the hydrogen atmosphere of the metal sleeve, but it is preferable that at least 90% of the crystals have a size of 1 to 10 microns.

When the heat treatment process of the metal sleeve manufacturing process of the present invention shows a large change in various physical properties, the typical change in the physical properties is the rapid increase in elongation. This increase in elongation preserves the decrease in tensile strength due to heat treatment, thereby increasing the toughness and ensuring superior durability than the stainless material manufactured by deep drawing. The metal sleeve of the present invention It has a tensile strength of 300 ~ 500 MPa, hardness (Hv) 100 ~ 300, elongation 8 to 25% of the physical properties, characterized in that more preferably the tensile strength of 350 ~ 450, hardness 150 ~ 250, elongation 15 ~ 20% It has physical properties.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is no brittleness caused by sulfur, which is a decisive disadvantage of the metal sleeve manufactured by electroplating, and a metal sleeve having high toughness and high elasticity can be manufactured.

In addition, according to the present invention, the plated sleeve can be easily separated from the master without resistance, thereby economically mass-producing the metal sleeve.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a metal sleeve according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and photographs in the following examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Preparation of Metal Sleeve

(A) Jeonju Plating

1 is a diagram illustrating a method of performing electroplating to manufacture a metal sleeve according to the manufacturing method according to the present invention. A commercial plating solution (4) based on nickel sulfamate or nickel sulfate is placed in the plating bath (3) according to the manufacturer's recommended composition, and Ni with a purity of 99.8% or higher is used as the anode (5), and the master for electroplating is cathode. It used as (6) and plating was performed. Plating was carried out for 30 minutes at a current density of 10 ASD at 60 ° C. to obtain a nickel layer 7 pre-plated with a thickness of about 35 microns on the master.

2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the shape and cross section of the master used in the above embodiment. As can be seen in Figure 2, CrN having a film hardness of Hv 1500 or more on the hollow tube type quartz pipe 1 having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ m / m · K and an outer diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 2 mm or TiN was used by vacuum deposition to a thickness of 1-10 microns.

(B) heat treatment

The quartz master electrodeposited with the nickel plating layer by step (A) was heat-treated in a specially prepared heat treatment furnace. The heat treatment furnace used in this embodiment is shown in sectional view in FIG. 3 as a rotary atmosphere furnace. The quartz master on which the nickel electroplating layer was formed was arranged on a rotating table, and the vacuum furnace was used to vacuum the inside of the heat treatment furnace to remove oxygen, and then gradually introduced hydrogen gas (8) to maintain a pressure in the range of 0.003 to 0.005 MPa. . While rotating the rotary table at a speed of 40 RPM, the heated wire heater (9) built into the outer wall of the heat treatment furnace was heated at a temperature increase rate of 10 ° C. per minute until the internal temperature reached 490 ± 5 ° C., and then maintained for 3 hours ± 10 minutes. Heat treatment.

(C) Separation of metal sleeve

When the heat treatment in (B) is completed, the furnace was cooled and the product was taken out of the heat treatment furnace at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. When the temperature of the master was 80 ~ 100 ℃ the metal sleeve was separated from the quartz master. Both ends were cut and finished to adjust the length of the separated metal sleeve to a finished product, and the following physical properties and crystal structure were examined.

Example 2 Physical Properties and Crystal Structure of Metal Sleeves

(1) property test

The mechanical properties of the metal sleeves prepared in Example 1 were measured using a nanointenter (model name MTS NanoIndenter XP, Suncheon University) and a tensile tester (model name Shimadzu AG-1,100kN, Osaka University). In order to measure the change in mechanical properties due to heat treatment, which is a characteristic process of the present invention, the physical properties of the metal sleeves manufactured by omitting the heat treatment step (B) as a control example are measured together and the values are shown in Table 1 below.

From Table 1, the tensile strength was decreased by the heat treatment, but the elongation was greatly increased, the elastic modulus was also increased by about 10%.

Table 2 compares the physical properties of the conventional deep drawing stainless metal sleeve and the metal sleeve according to the present invention. As a deep drawing stainless steel sleeve, Shinko Co., Ltd., having an outer diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 40 microns, was used. In the metal sleeve according to the present invention, each of the 10 metal sleeves before and after the heat treatment was prepared by the method of Example 1, and the average values of the physical properties of the metal sleeves were measured as ranges.

As can be seen in Table 2, the metal sleeve according to the present invention has a lower tensile strength than before the heat treatment, as in the results of Table 1, but due to the increase in elongation due to the prior art electroplating with the problem of high temperature brittleness by sulfur The difference between the metal sleeve and the toughness was not large. On the other hand, the toughness value of the metal sleeve according to the present invention is relatively large compared to the metal sleeve by the deep drawing method, and the modulus of elasticity is also slightly increased compared to before the heat treatment, similar to the deep drawing metal sleeve.

(2) surface crystal structure inspection

In order to confirm the change of the crystal structure of the metal sleeve by the heat treatment, the microstructure was measured by using SEM (OIM-FESEM, Suncheon band holding). The surface crystal structure of the metal sleeve after pre-plating and heat treatment according to Example 1 was confirmed and shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, the nickel electroplated layer before heat treatment exhibits an ultrafine crystal structure having nanostructures. As the heat treatment is completed, the nickel electroplated layer having the nanoparticle size grows crystals. Particularly, the grains of the <111> direction showing high elasticity are <111> textures forming a kitchen perpendicular to the plate surface of the metal slip. It could be confirmed in FIG. In addition, no dislocation was observed. In the nickel electroplated layer after the heat treatment it can be seen in Figure 6 that the crystal grains having a diameter of 0.6 ~ 1.9 microns occupy more than 90%.

Figure 7 is a photograph showing the crystal structure of the stainless metal sleeve manufactured by the deep drawing method measured the physical properties in (1), it can be seen that the non-uniform arrangement of stretched crystal grains and some re-crystal grains of 20㎛ or more. Precipitates remained at the grain boundaries, and high-density dislocations remained in the grains. The crystal structure on the surface was composed of shear deformation aggregates of irregular {110} <001> // DZ crystal structures.

(3) Change of surface crystal structure according to heat treatment temperature

Example 1 and the heat treatment temperature to determine the effect of the heat treatment temperature on the surface crystal structure A metal sleeve was prepared by the same method except that 600 ± 10 ° C. and 1 minute was used to confirm the crystal structure, and it was shown in FIG.

As can be seen in Figure 8, when the heat treatment temperature is high annealing, it can be seen that the crystal structure is overgrown and coarser than in normal annealing.

(4) brittleness verification

The brittleness of the metal sleeve was verified by the bending test. The metal sleeves before and after the heat treatment prepared by the method of Example 1 and the metal sleeves of the deep drawing method of Shinko Corp., Japan, were exposed to heat at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes, and then cut into 10 × 20 mm specimens. Repeatedly folding the same position back and forth 180˚ starting from the center of each specimen and repeated 180˚ bending to measure the number of operations until the cutting occurs.

In the deep drawing method, the metal sleeve is cut only in 3 to 4 times, whereas the metal sleeve according to the present invention is cut in 5 to 8 times. The metal sleeve that was not heat treated could not withstand even one time and showed brittleness as it touched.

1 is a diagram illustrating the electroplating method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the shape and cross section of the master for electroplating used in the embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a heat treatment furnace used in the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a transmission electron micrograph showing the nanostructure of the nickel electroplating layer before heat treatment.

5 is a photograph showing that the crystal structure of the nickel electroplated layer changed after the heat treatment.

6 is a graph showing the size distribution of crystal grains in the nickel electroplating layer after heat treatment.

7 is a photograph showing a crystal structure of a stainless metal sleeve manufactured by a deep drawing method.

8 is a photograph showing the crystal structure of the nickel electroplating layer during over annealing in comparison with the normal annealing.

Claims (15)

In the manufacturing method of the metal sleeve by electroplating, (A) plating a metal thin film on the master by electroplating; (B) reacting sulfur and hydrogen in the metal sleeve by treating the metal plated master in a hydrogen atmosphere of 350 ° C. or higher and less than 600 ° C .; (C) separating the metal thin film from the master by cooling to 80 ~ 100 ℃ after the reaction of sulfur and hydrogen; Method of manufacturing a metal sleeve for a fuser comprising a. delete The method of claim 1, Step (B) is a manufacturing method of the metal sleeve for the fuser, characterized in that made in 0.001 ~ 0.2 Mpa hydrogen atmosphere. The method of claim 1, The metal sleeve is nickel (Ni), nickel and iron alloys (Ni / Fe), nickel and cobalt (Ni / Co), nickel and manganese (Ni / Mn), nickel and tin (Ni / Sn), nickel and zinc ( Ni / Zn), nickel and copper (Ni / Cu), nickel and iron and cobalt (Ni / Fe / Co), nickel and iron and chromium (Ni / Fe / Cr), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) The method of manufacturing a metal sleeve for a fuser, characterized in that the material selected from the group consisting of. The method according to claim 1 or 3 or 4, The master is a hollow tube in the form of a metal sleeve for the fuser, characterized in that the master is formed with a CrN or TiN or TiAIN or TiCN thin film layer on the pipe of the thermal expansion coefficient of 13 × 10 ^-6 m / mK or less Way. The method of claim 5, The material of the pipe is a manufacturing method of a metal sleeve for the fuser, characterized in that the quartz or invar. The method of claim 5, The CrN or TiN or TiAIN or TiCN thin film layer has a thickness of 0.1 ~ 10 microns manufacturing method of the metal sleeve for the fuser. At least 90% of the crystal grains constituting the metal sleeve has a crystal structure of an equiaxed crystal of 0.1 to 10 microns in size, characterized in that the metal sleeve for a fuser manufactured by the method of claim 1 or 3 or 4. The method of claim 8, The crystal structure is a metal sleeve for a fuser, characterized in that the crystal grains in the <111> direction is a <111> aggregate structure forming a kitchen table in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the metal slip. The method of claim 8, A metal sleeve for a fixing device having a tensile strength of 300 to 500 MPa, a hardness (Hv) of 100 to 300, and an elongation of 8 to 25%. In the manufacturing method of the metal sleeve by electroplating, (A) manufacturing a metal thin film by pre-plating on the master; (B) separating the metal thin film from the master; (C) reacting sulfur and hydrogen in the metal sleeve by treating the separated metal thin film in a fixed support in a hydrogen atmosphere of 350 ° C. or higher and less than 600 ° C .; (D) separating the metal thin film from the fixed support by cooling to 80 ~ 100 ℃ after the reaction of sulfur and hydrogen; Method of manufacturing a metal sleeve for a fuser comprising a. delete delete delete delete

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