KR101001571B1 - Variable displacement swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a variable displacement swash plate type compressor, comprising: a housing, a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores formed therein, coupled to the housing, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, and the housing and cylinder block. A drive shaft rotatably mounted with respect to the cylinder, a swash plate rotated by the drive shaft and interlocked with the piston, a valve plate interposed between the housing and the cylinder block, and formed to rotate together with the drive shaft. In the swash plate-type compressor including a rotary valve free sliding rotation is formed on the inner surface of the coupling hole formed, the outer circumferential surface of the rotary valve is formed with a refrigerant outlet, the inner circumferential surface of the coupling hole facing the outer circumferential surface of the rotary valve Communication holes are formed to connect with the cylinder bores, respectively. Itdoe, wherein the communication hole is characterized in that it is formed a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore.

According to the variable displacement swash plate type compressor according to the present invention, by forming a plurality of communication holes along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore, it is possible to increase the compression efficiency of the compressor by reducing the dead volume compared with the conventional one, especially in low capacity operation of the compressor. It works.

Variable capacity, swash plate type, rotary valve, refrigerant outlet, communication hole

Description

Variable displacement swash plate compressor {VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT SWASH PLATE COMPRESSOR}

The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor, and more particularly, a variable that can increase the efficiency of the compressor during low-capacity operation by adjusting the refrigerant volume inside the compressor according to a change in operating capacity such as a large capacity and a low capacity of the compressor. A capacity swash plate compressor.

In general, a swash plate type compressor, which is widely used as a compressor of an automotive air conditioner, is provided with a disk-shaped swash plate having a variable inclination angle on a drive shaft receiving engine power, rotated by a drive shaft, and the circumference of the swash plate by the rotation of the swash plate. A plurality of pistons disposed through the shoe along the configuration is configured to suck, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas by linearly reciprocating the inside of the plurality of cylinder bores formed in the cylinder block.

In particular, in recent years, the inclination angle of the swash plate is changed according to the change of the heat load to achieve precise temperature control by controlling the feed amount of the piston, and the inclination angle is continuously changed to reduce the sudden torque fluctuation of the engine caused by the compressor, thereby making the vehicle more comfortable to ride. A variable-capacity swash plate type compressor capable of improving the efficiency has been proposed.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional variable displacement swash plate compressor.

As shown in the drawing, a conventional variable displacement swash plate compressor has a cylinder block 11 that has a plurality of cylinder bores 11a formed in parallel in the longitudinal direction on an inner circumferential surface thereof and constitutes the outside of the compressor, and the cylinder block. A front housing 12 disposed at the front end of the 11 to form the swash plate chamber 12a, a drive shaft 14 rotatably supported by the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12; The lug plate 18 fixed to the drive shaft 14 in the swash plate chamber 12a of the front housing 12, the suction chamber 13a and the discharge chamber 13b are formed therein, and the cylinder block 11 The rear housing 13 is disposed at the rear end of the c), the inclination angle can be changed while the lug plate 18 rotates, and the swash plate 15 is formed in a circular plate shape, and the shoe 21 is interposed therebetween. The swash plate 15 and the sliding movement is coupled to the seal The piston 20 is comprised so that reciprocation is accommodated in the lining bore 11a.

The valve plate 16 provided between the rear housing 13 and the cylinder block 11 is formed with a discharge port 16b for communicating the cylinder bore 11a and the discharge chamber 13b, respectively.

In addition, on the outer circumferential surface of the rear end of the drive shaft 14, the refrigerant sucked into the swash plate chamber 12a through the refrigerant suction port is formed in the cylinder bore 11a from the suction chamber 13a formed in the rear housing 13 corresponding to the drive shaft 14. Refrigerant suction groove 30 is formed to move to.

In addition, the cylinder block 11, the coupling hole through which the drive shaft 14 is penetrated so that the refrigerant introduced through the refrigerant suction groove 30 is sucked into the cylinder bore 11a periodically during the rotation of the drive shaft 14 ( The communication hole 32 which communicates between 31 and the cylinder bore 11a is formed.

Here, the refrigerant suction groove 30 has a predetermined depth on the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 14 so as to communicate with the communication hole 32 when the piston 20 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. Is formed.

In addition, the discharge port (16b) is provided with a discharge valve (not shown) for opening the discharge port (16b) when the pressure in the cylinder bore (11a) by the piston 20 reaches a predetermined value.

In the compressor having such a structure, the refrigerant flows into the cylinder bore 11a through the periodic communication between the refrigerant suction groove 30 and the communication hole 32 by the rotation of the drive shaft 14. During the stroke, the high-pressure refrigerant that has not flowed into the cylinder bore 11a remains in the communication hole 32.

Here, the volume of the communication hole 32 is generally defined as a dead volume. The compression stroke of the piston 14 is completed, and the refrigerant suction groove 30 is opened at the start of the next suction stroke. The refrigerant sucked through is a phenomenon that the natural inflow into the cylinder bore (11a) is blocked by the high-pressure refrigerant remaining in the dead body instantaneously does not flow quickly.

In addition, the refrigerant suction groove 30 and each of the cylinder bores 11a communicate with each other through one communication hole 32, thereby having the same dead volume regardless of the operation mode of the large capacity and the low capacity of the compressor. In particular, in the low-capacity operation mode, the rapid inflow of the refrigerant is further blocked by the high-pressure refrigerant filled in the dead volume, so that the efficiency of the compressor is rapidly decreased and the pulsation noise has a big disadvantage.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, a variable capacity swash plate type compressor that can increase the compression efficiency of the compressor by reducing the dead volume inside the compressor at the time of low capacity operation of the compressor and can reduce the pulsation noise To provide.

The variable displacement swash plate compressor of the present invention, which is designed to achieve the object as described above, includes a housing, a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores and coupled to the housing, and reciprocally accommodated in the cylinder bore, respectively. A piston, a drive shaft rotatably installed with respect to the housing and the cylinder block, a swash plate rotated by the drive shaft and interlocked with the piston, a valve plate interposed between the housing and the cylinder block, and the drive shaft; In the swash plate-type compressor including a rotary valve formed to rotate together and the sliding rotation is freely installed on the inner surface of the coupling hole formed in the cylinder block, a refrigerant discharge port is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary valve, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary valve The inner circumferential surface of the engaging hole facing the plurality of cylinder bores and Itdoe the communication hole is formed that is each connection, wherein the communication hole is characterized in that it is formed a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore.

In addition, the communication hole is characterized in that its cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the swash plate chamber increases.

In addition, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the communication hole is characterized in that the circular or polygonal.

According to the variable displacement swash plate compressor according to the present invention as described above, by forming a plurality of communication holes along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore, it is possible to increase the compression efficiency of the compressor by reducing the dead volume, especially in the case of low capacity operation of the compressor. It can be effective.

In addition, by forming different cross-sectional areas of the plurality of suction passages, there is an effect that can further reduce the dead volume due to the reduction of the operating capacity of the compressor.

In addition, there is an effect that can reduce the pulsation noise generated when the refrigerant flows into the cylinder bore during low capacity operation of the compressor.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same reference numerals will be given to the same configurations as the prior art.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a variable displacement swash plate compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a cylinder block and a rotary valve in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a drive shaft in an embodiment of the present invention , Perspective view showing a swash plate and a rotary valve.

The variable displacement swash plate compressor according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, has a plurality of cylinder bore (11a) formed in parallel in the longitudinal direction on the inner peripheral surface and the cylinder block (constituting the outside of the compressor ( 11), a front housing 12 disposed at the front end of the cylinder block 11 to form a swash plate chamber 12a, and rotatably supported by the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12; The drive shaft 14, the lug plate 18 fixed to the drive shaft 14 in the swash plate chamber 12a of the front housing 12, and the suction chamber 13a and the discharge chamber 13b are formed therein. And a rear housing 13 disposed at the rear end of the cylinder block 11, the swash plate 15 formed in the shape of a circular plate while the inclination angle can be changed while rotating by the lug plate 18, and the shoe Sliding with the swash plate 15 via the (21) It includes a piston 20 which can be coupled and can be reciprocated in the cylinder bore (11a) accommodated.

The drive shaft 14 is for rotating the lug plate 18, the rotatably installed in the front housing 12 and the cylinder block 11, respectively, the front end is installed on the front housing 12 is pulley ( It is connected to the engine (not shown) through the power transmission is possible, and the rear end is disposed in the cylinder block 11 inside the suction chamber 13a or adjacent to the suction chamber 13a.

In detail, the rear part of the drive shaft 14 is supported by being inserted into the engaging hole 31 formed in the cylinder block 11.

A valve plate 16 is installed between the rear housing 13 and the cylinder block 11, and the discharge plate 16b connects the cylinder bore 11a and the discharge chamber 13b to the valve plate 16. Is formed.

In addition, a discharge lead valve (not shown) is provided for opening the discharge port 16b when the pressure in the cylinder bore 11a is higher than a predetermined value by the reciprocating motion of the piston 20.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, is formed to rotate with the drive shaft 14 so that the sliding rotation is free on the inner surface of the coupling hole 31 formed in the cylinder block (11). The rotary valve 100 is provided.

However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and a groove serving as the coolant discharge port 110 to be described later may be formed directly on the drive shaft 14.

The rotary valve 100 has a refrigerant discharge port 110 is formed through a portion of the circumferential direction.

In addition, the inner circumferential surface of the coupling hole 31 of the cylinder block 11 communicates with the swash plate chamber 12a and periodically rotates with the refrigerant discharge port 110 when the rotary valve 100 rotates by the rotation of the drive shaft 14. A refrigerant suction groove 200 is formed in communication with each other.

In addition to the above-described coolant flow paths, it is of course possible to form various coolant flow paths.

That is, in the drawing, the refrigerant supplied from the evaporator (not shown) flows into the swash plate chamber 12a in the cylinder block 11, and the refrigerant passes through the cylinder block 11 again, and then the suction chamber 13a and the rotary valve ( Although the structure is introduced into the cylinder bore 11a through 100, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the rotary valve 100 is supplied from the front housing 12 and the rear housing 13 directly to the suction chamber 13a. It is a matter of course that the structure that flows into the cylinder bore (11a) can be adopted.

For example, when looking at the suction structure of the refrigerant in detail, in the case of the refrigerant introduced into the swash plate chamber 12a through the suction port (not shown) first, a flow path through the inside of the drive shaft 14 in the longitudinal direction (not shown) Or to form a separate suction port (not shown) on the hub side of the swash plate 15 and through the inside thereof along the flow path of the drive shaft 14 again. 12) and in the process of moving in the direction of the rear housing 13 can be applied to the structure to directly discharge to the cylinder bore (11a) through the refrigerant discharge port 110 of the rotary valve 100, the suction port is the front housing It is formed on the 12 and the rear housing 13 side, the refrigerant passes through the suction chamber 13a and the drive shaft 14 directly, and then the various refrigerant suction, such as discharged to the cylinder bore (11a) through the rotary valve 100 Swash plate type compression It can be applied to the group.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the communication hole 300 is formed in a plurality of spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder block 11, that is, the cylinder bore (11a).

In the drawing, the communication hole 300 is composed of the first, second, and third suction passages 310, 320, and 330, but is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, when the capacity change operation of the compressor is further subdivided, it is preferable to increase the number of communication holes 300 correspondingly.

That is, in the low-capacity operation of the compressor having a small inclination angle of the swash plate 15, the refrigerant of the refrigerant discharge port 110 passes only the first communication hole 310 farthest from the swash plate chamber 12a among the plurality of communication holes 300. Can be introduced into the cylinder bore (11a).

On the other hand, during the large-capacity operation of the compressor, the refrigerant of the refrigerant discharge port 110 may flow into the cylinder bore 11a via all of the first, second, and third communication holes 310, 320, 330.

Therefore, during the piston compression stroke during the low volume operation of the compressor, the dead volume of the refrigerant that does not flow into the cylinder bore 11a corresponds to the volume of the first communication hole 310, in particular, the low volume operation of the compressor. The dead volume of the refrigerant is reduced compared to the conventional.

That is, in the case of high capacity and low capacity operation of the compressor, the dead volume is formed differently.

In addition, in the low-capacity operation of the compressor, as described above, the pulsation noise generated when the refrigerant flows into the cylinder bore 11a is reduced due to the reduction of the dead volume.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the operating capacity of the compressor is reduced, the communication hole 300 is formed in the swash plate chamber 12a so as to reduce the dead volume of the refrigerant more appropriately and to smoothly introduce the refrigerant into the cylinder bore 11a. It is formed such that its cross-sectional area decreases as the distance from the cross section increases.

That is, the cross-sectional area of the third communication hole 330, the second communication hole 320, and the first communication hole 310 gradually decreases.

The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the communication hole 300 may be formed in a circular or polygonal shape, but it is not necessary to limit the specific shape.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may appropriately change within the scope described in the claims of the present invention. Or modifications may be possible.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional variable displacement swash plate compressor.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a variable displacement swash plate compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a cylinder block and a rotary valve in the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the drive shaft, the swash plate and the rotary valve in the embodiment of the present invention.

*** Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing ***

100: rotary valve 110: refrigerant outlet

200: refrigerant suction groove 300: communication hole

310: first communication hole 320: second communication hole

330: third communication hole

Claims (3)

A housing, a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinder bores formed therein, coupled to the housing, a piston accommodated reciprocally in the cylinder bore, a drive shaft rotatably installed with respect to the housing and the cylinder block, and the drive shaft The rotary plate is rotated by the swash plate, the valve plate interposed between the housing and the cylinder block, the rotary plate is formed to rotate together with the drive shaft, the rotary slide freely installed on the inner surface of the coupling hole formed in the cylinder block In the swash plate compressor comprising a valve, A coolant discharge port is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the rotary valve, and a communication hole connected to the plurality of cylinder bores is formed on an inner circumferential surface of a coupling hole facing the outer circumferential surface of the rotary valve. The communication hole is formed in plurality along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bore, The communication hole is a variable displacement swash plate type compressor, characterized in that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases as the distance from the swash plate chamber. delete The method of claim 1, The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the communication hole is a variable displacement swash plate compressor, characterized in that the circular or polygonal.

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