KR100976680B1 - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid storage unit 1 for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit 2 for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit 1, and a reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit 2 A fuel cell having a gas storage part 3 and an electrode disposed to be bonded to the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, the fuel cell generating power using a reaction gas supplied from the gas storage part 3 as a fuel, and the pressure of the liquid storage part 1; When the reaction solution is larger than the pressure of the reaction unit 2, the reaction solution is supplied from the liquid storage unit 1 to the reaction unit 2, and the pressure of the liquid storage unit 1 is smaller than the pressure of the reaction unit 2. Since the reaction solution supply amount adjusting means for stopping the supply of the reaction solution is provided, the supply amount of the reaction solution can be controlled in accordance with the driving situation of the fuel cell.

Description

Fuel cell system {FUEL CELL SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a fuel cell system for supplying hydrogen or oxygen for driving a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

Due to the recent increase in energy problems and environmental problems, power sources with higher energy density and clean emissions are required. A fuel cell is a generator having an energy density of several times that of a conventional battery, and is characterized by high energy efficiency as a generator and no or little nitrogen oxide or sulfur oxide contained in exhaust gas. Therefore, it is said to be a very effective device suitable for the demand as a next-generation power supply device. Among them, since the polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be driven at a low temperature of 100 ° C. or lower, the startup characteristics are good, and development is particularly active as a stationary distributed power supply, an automotive power supply, and a portable power supply. have.

A solid polymer fuel cell is an apparatus which obtains an output from the electric current derived by the potential difference of an anode and an electrochemical reaction simultaneously by electrochemically performing oxidation of hydrogen at an anode and reduction of oxygen at a cathode. Conventional fuel cells include a fuel storage section containing a reactant, a reaction section for reforming the reactants into a gaseous fuel, an anode or a cathode that generates power by an electrochemical reaction of the fuel, and an ion between the anode and the cathode. It consists of an electrolyte for delivering it.

As anode side fuels conventionally used, the following is mentioned. Alcohols such as hydrogen, methanol and ethanol, ethers, and chemical hydrides such as cyclohexane and sodium borohydride. All of these fuels except hydrogen are used as liquids and converted into hydrogen gas by a reformer. In fuel cells, selecting a chemical substance that is effective for extracting hydrogen species and suitable for transporting or storing fuel has been a problem in the past, and the fuel has attracted attention as an effective fuel at this stage.

The reactant on the cathode side is also an oxidant. Typically, oxygen is used, but in some cases, a peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide is used.

By the way, in order to move a fuel cell to a power consumption device such as a telephone product, a portable device, or an automobile, it is necessary to output power corresponding to the load of the power consumption device from the fuel cell. The output of the fuel cell is a factor determined by the supply amount of the reaction gas such as hydrogen or oxygen to the electrode. Therefore, if an excess amount of reactive gas is present near the electrode, the output of the fuel cell can change in response to the load. In this regard, if the reaction gas is appropriately supplied to the electrode before the hydrogen or oxygen existing near the electrode is used up, the fuel cell can be operated in response to the load of the power consumption device.

In order to supply the required amount of reaction gas, it is necessary to obtain the required amount of reaction gas from the fuel or oxidant. Therefore, an appropriate amount of fuel or oxidant must be sent to the reaction portion from the fuel storage portion.

Conventionally, a pump and a blower are used for supplying the above fuel, oxidant, and reactive gas, and the supply amount has been controlled in accordance with the output of the fuel cell and the load of the power consuming device (see Non-Patent Document 1, for example).

 <Non-Patent Literature 1> Technical Trends of Portable Fuel Cells, City of Japan NTT Building Techno1ogy Institute 2003 (2-4 pages, 3rd)

However, it is difficult to control the supply amount of fuel and reaction gas to the electrode regardless of the anode and the cathode, and it is necessary to input energy for control into the control system from the outside or from the fuel cell. Therefore, there is a problem that the effective power of the output of the fuel cell is reduced by the energy consumption for the control.

In the case where hydrogen is used as the fuel on the anode side, when the reactant is reformed to extract hydrogen, it is necessary to control the amount of hydrogen generation in accordance with the amount of hydrogen used in the anode. In order to control the hydrogen generation amount, control of reaction temperature and fuel supply amount is calculated | required. Therefore, a temperature control system such as a heater, a temperature sensor, a controller, or the like must be attached to the reaction section or the electrode, or a valve or a controller for controlling the fuel supply amount must be provided. Therefore, the reaction amount control mechanism as described above consumes more energy, thereby reducing the effective output of the fuel cell.

At the same time, fuel cells, which are particularly applicable to small electronic devices, cannot contain fuel by the volume of these systems. Therefore, it is very disadvantageous in the volumetric energy density of a fuel cell, and there exists a problem that the volumetric energy density will fall compared with a conventional battery depending on the volume of this system.

In addition, when a system for controlling the amount of hydrogen generation is not provided, the internal pressure of the fuel cell is increased by the generated hydrogen beyond the amount of hydrogen corresponding to the output current. In this case, there is a problem of cross leaking to the cathode side through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, thereby lowering the output of the cathode.

In addition, such leakage of hydrogen has a problem that hydrogen is not effectively used and the energy density is lowered.

Although the problem with the anode has been described above, the same problem exists with the cathode. When oxygen is generated from the oxidant and oxygen is supplied to the cathode, the amount of oxygen generated needs to be controlled according to the amount of oxygen used, which consumes energy for control and reduces the volume energy density for installation of the control mechanism.

The present invention solves the above problems by reducing the energy for supplying an appropriate amount of fuel or oxidant to an electrode of a fuel cell, and making the supply mechanism control mechanism or the reaction mechanism control mechanism a small volume. In a small fuel cell such as a portable fuel cell, it is an object to provide a fuel cell system that is advantageous in terms of energy density, is compact, safe and improves fuel utilization efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention,

A liquid storage unit for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, a gas storage unit for storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane When the pressure of the fuel cell which has the electrode arrange | positioned and the reaction gas supplied from a gas storage part as a fuel, and the pressure of a liquid reservoir is larger than the pressure of a reaction part, a reaction solution is supplied from a liquid storage part to a reaction part, and a liquid It is characterized by including the reaction solution supply amount adjustment means which stops supply of a reaction solution, when the pressure of a storage part is smaller than the pressure of a reaction part.

The function by the said structure is demonstrated below. When the reaction gas is generated in the reaction section, the internal pressures of the reaction section and the gas storage section rise. In this case, the reaction solution is not supplied to the reaction part by the reaction solution supply amount adjusting means. On the other hand, when the reaction gas is consumed in the fuel cell, the internal pressures of the reaction section and the gas storage section decrease. In this case, the reaction solution is supplied to the reaction section by the reaction solution supply amount adjusting means.

When the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir is lowered by the supply of the reaction solution, it is characterized by having a pressure regulator for pressurizing the liquid reservoir.

As a result, even when the reaction solution is supplied from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir can be quickly pressure-controlled by the pressure regulating device, so that the constant pressure can be achieved.

Reaction solution supply amount adjusting means is provided in the liquid supply path which supplies a reaction gas from a liquid storage part to a reaction part, and it is a check device which prevents a reaction solution from flowing out or inflow of a reaction gas. It is characterized by being formed.

The function by the said structure is demonstrated below. When the reaction gas is generated in the reaction section, the internal pressures of the reaction section and the gas storage section rise. However, since the reaction gas can be prevented from flowing into the liquid reservoir 20 by the check device, there is no increase in the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir. Moreover, an internal pressure can be kept constant by a pressure regulator. In this case, since the reaction portion has a higher internal pressure than the liquid reservoir, the supply of the reaction solution can be stopped. On the other hand, when the reaction gas is consumed in the fuel cell, the internal pressures of the reaction section and the gas storage section decrease. Since the check device does not impede the flow of the reaction solution from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion, when the internal pressure of the reaction portion is lower than the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir, the differential pressure supply the reaction solution to the reaction portion.

The supply amount of the reaction solution is determined by the output of the fuel cell. That is, the reaction gas consumption rate changes in accordance with the output of the fuel cell. When the reaction gas consumption rate is high, the time until the reaction gas can be supplied after the reaction gas is generated becomes faster, thereby supplying the reaction solution at short time intervals. On the contrary, when the reaction gas consumption rate is low, the supply frequency of the reaction solution decreases.

As described above, according to this structure, the supply amount of the reaction solution can be controlled in accordance with the driving situation of the fuel cell without directly detecting the output power of the fuel cell. That is, since no electrical control signal is used for the reaction solution supply amount control, no electrical processing and electronic components related to the control are required, which leads to a reduction in energy consumption and a reduction in component scores. In addition, since it is possible to supply the reaction solution in accordance with the driving condition of the fuel cell, it is possible to increase the fuel utilization efficiency which is the ratio of the consumption amount to the supply amount of the reaction gas.

In this case, the reaction gas is a fuel or an oxidant of a fuel cell represented by hydrogen or oxygen. Moreover, although it is not limited to the following as a combination of the substance arrange | positioned at a reaction solution and a reaction part, the following are mentioned as an example. On the anode side, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers, chemical hydrides such as metal hydrides represented by cyclohexane and sodium borohydride, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, iron, nickel, tin and the like It is at least 1 sort (s) among the group which consists of a metal, and at least 1 sort (s) of the catalyst and promoter for taking out hydrogen efficiently. Either of the former and the latter may be used for a reaction solution, and it is preferable to use what can be maintained as an aqueous solution or a liquid as a reaction solution. Moreover, as an example of a catalyst and an accelerator, 1 type contained in the group which consists of platinum, gold, copper, nickel, iron about organic chemical hydrides, such as alcohol, ether, cyclohexane, is mentioned. In addition, about inorganic chemical hydrides, 1 type of metal, its salt, inorganic acids, such as sulfuric acid and citric acid, organic acids, such as aluminum, etc. which are contained in the group which consists of platinum, gold, copper, nickel, iron, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, etc. Examples of other metals include inorganic acids and aqueous solutions containing hydroxide ions.

Moreover, at the cathode side, at least 1 sort (s) of peroxide represented by the hydrogen peroxide solution, and the catalyst for extracting oxygen efficiently from the above substance, for example, manganese dioxide are mentioned.

The check device is characterized by opening and closing the supply path for the liquid.

This structure preferably supplies the reaction solution from the liquid storage part to the reaction part when the pressure of the liquid storage part is greater than the pressure of the reaction part, and stops the supply of the reaction solution when the pressure of the liquid storage part is less than the pressure of the reaction part. Device.

As a result, it becomes possible to eliminate the energy consumption associated with driving the check device. In other words, no power is required to supply the reaction solution, and as a result, the power density and energy density of the fuel cell system can be improved.

The check device is characterized in that the first check valve inhibits the flow of material from the reaction section to the liquid reservoir.

This makes it possible to produce a small volume check device easily and at low cost. As the check valve, if the valve body is moved in the direction of the material flowing in the valve, since there is no power consumption, it is preferable. In the fuel cell for a portable device, preferably, the one without the intermediate chamber is advantageous in volume, and the one without the vent is free of leakage of the reaction gas.

As a structure of the check device different from the above, the check device is a first movable wall interposed between the liquid storage part and the reaction part, and when the pressure of the reaction part rises due to the generation of the reaction gas, the movable wall is caused by the force of the pressure of the reaction part. Is moved in the direction of closing the liquid supply path, the liquid supply path is closed, and when the pressure of the reaction portion decreases due to consumption of the reaction gas, the movable wall is moved in the direction of opening the liquid supply path, thereby supplying the liquid supply. It is characterized by opening the furnace.

This structure is a structure which operates by the differential pressure of a reaction part and a liquid storage part. The pressure change of the reaction section is caused by the output of the fuel cell, and since the liquid storage section is a static pressure, the differential pressure of the reaction section and the liquid storage section reflects the operating state of the fuel cell. By the above, according to the operation state of a fuel cell, the supply amount of reaction solution can be controlled automatically and without power consumption.

The pressure regulator is characterized in that it has an external material inlet and supplies the reaction solution in one direction into the liquid reservoir.

The operation of the structure will be described below. When the internal pressure of the liquid storage portion decreases in accordance with the supply amount of the reaction solution, a pressure difference occurs outside the fuel cell system. However, as the pressure difference occurs, the foreign substance flows into the liquid reservoir, so that the pressure in the liquid reservoir can be adjusted to be equal to the external pressure. Therefore, since the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir is kept constant, the reaction portion can be lowered than the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir at the time of consumption of the reaction gas, thereby making it possible to create a situation in which the reaction solution is supplied.

Although it does not specifically limit as an external substance, It is more preferable that they are air | atmosphere, water, and a reaction solution. When the atmosphere is set to atmosphere, the inside of the liquid reservoir can be pressure-controlled to atmospheric pressure, and the structure of the external inlet can be a tube or a hole having a structure that does not allow the substance in the liquid reservoir to flow out of the fuel cell. In addition, when water or a reaction solution is used, water or a reaction solution are disposed in contact with an inlet for an external substance. In this case, the water and the reaction solution introduced into the liquid reservoir can be used for the reaction gas generating reaction, so that the capacity can be improved.

As a result, when the reaction solution is moved from the liquid reservoir, it is possible to bring the inside of the liquid reservoir to a constant pressure by introducing an external substance corresponding to the reaction solution movement amount. As a result, it becomes possible to supply the reaction solution repeatedly from the liquid reservoir to the reaction section.

The pressure regulating device is also characterized in that it has a second check valve that inhibits the flow of substances from the liquid reservoir to the outside of the fuel cell.

Thereby, in order to make the internal pressure of a liquid storage part constant, it can be set as the structure which does not consume electric power. In addition, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the amount of liquid due to evaporation or outflow of the liquid in the liquid reservoir. More simply, it is possible to produce a small volume of check device at low cost.

Alternatively, the pressure regulating device has a pump or a fan for supplying liquid or gas from the outside of the fuel cell.

This makes it possible to adjust the pressure in the liquid reservoir. However, power is required to drive the pump or fan. However, since the amount of movement of the reaction solution for obtaining the amount of generation of the reaction gas for stopping the movement of the reaction solution is very small, the driving amount of the pump or the fan is also small and the power consumption is small.

On the other hand, in order to drive control of a pump or a fan, there exists a method of detecting the pressure in a liquid storage part, detecting a difference with an initial pressure, and driving a pump or a fan until a differential pressure disappears.

In addition, when the pump or fan is controlled such that the pressure of the liquid reservoir is greater than or equal to the predetermined pressure, the supply amount of the reaction solution is controlled so that the internal pressures of the reaction compartment and the gas reservoir are also balanced with the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir, and as a result, the amount of reaction gas generated. In this case, the reaction part and the gas storage part can be increased in pressure. Therefore, this structure makes it possible to improve the output of the fuel cell.

As another structure of the pressure regulating device, a part of the liquid reservoir includes a second movable wall that is operated by atmospheric pressure, a driving force of a motor, a magnetic force, a spring, etc. The internal volume of the liquid reservoir is made constant by changing the volume of the negative.

As a result, when the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir to the reaction zone, the second movable wall moves in the direction of reducing the volume of the liquid reservoir. Therefore, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir can be made constant without exchanging materials with the outside of the fuel cell, thereby making it possible to suppress deterioration with time of the reaction solution in the liquid reservoir.

The driving method of the second movable wall is by a motor, a magnet, or a spring. In the case of using the magnetic force, a magnet is provided in the second movable wall and the fixed portion around the movable wall, and the second movable wall can be weighted by the repulsive force. Similarly, when using a spring, it is possible to connect a 2nd movable wall and the surrounding fixed part, to provide a spring, and to weight a 2nd movable wall. According to the above, the pressure of the liquid storage part can be increased without using electric power.

In the case of driving control using a motor, there is a method of detecting the pressure in the liquid reservoir, detecting a difference from the initial pressure, and operating the motor until the differential pressure disappears. In addition, in the case of using the magnetic force, the magnetic force can be changed in accordance with the amount of current flowing through the electromagnet, so that the second movable wall can be moved by generating a magnetic force until the same differential pressure is eliminated while adjusting the amount of current. According to the above, it becomes possible to increase the pressure in a liquid storage part, and it becomes possible to improve the output of a fuel cell.

The surface facing the surface inside the liquid storage portion of the second movable wall is characterized by passing through the atmosphere.

As a result, the driving force of the movable wall surface becomes a pressure difference between the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir and the atmospheric pressure, so that the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir is kept constant without using power even when the reaction solution flows out of the liquid reservoir and the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir decreases. It can be reversed.

In addition, as a property of the movable wall surface, it is a rubber-like elastic body, and the 2nd movable wall bends by the movement of reaction solution, and the internal pressure of a liquid storage part is made constant, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

Thereby, the internal pressure of the liquid storage part can be made constant without using the movable part, and it becomes possible to eliminate the leakage of the reaction solution from the liquid storage part and the collecting part of the movable part. The amount of the reaction solution used may be increased.

The pressure regulating device is a gas flow path in which the reaction gas moves between the liquid storage part and the reaction part.

As a result, the reaction gas flows into the liquid reservoir, so that the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir is made equal to the pressure of the reaction gas. As a result, when the reaction gas supplied to the gas storage part is consumed and the internal pressures of the gas storage part and the reaction part decrease, the pressure difference between the liquid storage part and the reaction part is caused by the pressure of the reaction gas flowing into the liquid storage part. And the reaction solution can be supplied to the reaction unit.

A pressure reducing device is provided in the gas flow path, and the pressure reducing device reduces the pressure of the reaction gas flowing into the liquid storage part from the reaction part to a predetermined pressure.

As a result, the internal pressure of the liquid storage part becomes the set pressure of the pressure reducing device, and the internal pressure of the reaction part can be made higher than the set pressure. By using a regulator in the decompression device, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir can be set to a predetermined pressure without consuming power. In addition, since there is no inflow or weighting of substances from outside of the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system can be sealed, and a stable device can be constructed.

The pipe diameter of the supply path for liquid is larger than the gas flow path pipe diameter.

As a result, the resistance when the reaction gas passes through the gas flow path becomes larger than the resistance when the reaction solution passes through the flow path. Therefore, the inflow of the reaction solution from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion is easier than the inflow of the reaction gas, so that the reaction solution can move when the liquid reservoir becomes positive pressure than the reaction portion.

Further, as a property of the flow path, the liquid supply path is characterized by having hydrophilicity. Imparting a hydrophilic include, for example, a method of applying a dispersed TiO _2.

Thereby, since a flow path gets wet with a reaction solution, the friction loss in the reaction solution flow in a flow path can be reduced. Therefore, with respect to the mass flow between the reaction section and the liquid storage section, the reaction solution is more likely to flow than the reaction gas. This leads to a tendency for the reaction solution to flow from the liquid reservoir to the reaction section when the pressure in the reaction section decreases.

In addition, when the flow path is wet with the reaction solution, it is difficult for gas to enter the flow path. Therefore, when the reaction solution moves from the liquid storage part to the reaction part, no gas enters the flow path, thereby preventing the reaction solution from moving.

On the other hand, the gas flow path is characterized in that the gas flow path has hydrophobicity. There exists a method of apply | coating a water repellent, such as PTFE, for provision of hydrophobicity.

This makes it difficult for the reaction solution to enter the gas flow path. Thus, when the reaction gas is generated and the reaction portion has a higher pressure than the liquid reservoir, the reaction gas does not prevent the liquid from entering the liquid reservoir. This leads to a rapid increase in the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir even if the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir decreases when the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion.

The liquid supply passage and the gas flow passage are each a membrane or a porous member that permeate the liquid and the gas, respectively.

Thereby, it becomes easy to manufacture a flow path and a gas flow path.

In addition, a liquid storage unit for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, a gas storage unit for storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane It has a fuel cell which has the electrode arrange | positioned by bonding, and produces electricity using the reaction gas supplied from a gas storage part as a fuel, and the liquid feeding apparatus which transfers a reaction solution from a liquid storage part to a reaction part, A liquid feeding apparatus is a liquid from a reaction part. The reaction solution is prevented from flowing backward to the storage portion, and the reaction solution of the liquid storage portion is moved to the reaction portion by lowering the internal pressure of the gas storage portion with the consumption of the reaction gas.

This causes the reaction solution to move by the internal pressure of the gas reservoir. That is, regardless of the internal pressure of the reaction section, when the amount of the reaction gas in the vicinity of the fuel cell decreases, the reaction solution can be sent to the reaction section to generate the reaction gas. In particular, when a by-product occurs in the reaction part, it is preferable to arrange the reaction gas permeation membrane between the reaction part and the gas storage part in order to prevent movement to the by-product gas storage part. You will not be able to respond immediately. However, even if the reaction gas in the gas reservoir is reduced by this structure, the reaction solution can be supplied from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion to generate the reaction gas, so that the reaction gas can be supplied to the gas reservoir quickly. do.

The liquid feeding apparatus includes a storage portion for storing a reaction solution that moves from the liquid storage portion to the reaction portion, and a storage portion moving mechanism, the storage portion being a container having an opening portion, and the opening portion is moved to the reaction portion in response to a decrease in the internal pressure of the gas storage portion. By blocking the flow of the containment section and the liquid storage section, and circulating the containment section and the reaction section, and moving the opening portion to the liquid storage section as the internal pressure of the gas storage section increases. It is a structure which distribute | circulates and cuts off the circulation of a storage part and a reaction part.

As a result, when the internal pressure of the gas storage portion is lower than the internal pressure of the liquid storage portion, the reaction solution stored in the storage portion is supplied from the liquid storage portion to the reaction portion. At that time, the reaction solution stored in the storage portion does not flow back to the liquid storage portion.

In detail, the containment movement mechanism has a 3rd movable wall and a pressurizing means, a 3rd movable wall is arrange | positioned facing the gas storage part, and a pressurizing means is the surface which opposes the gas storage part of a 3rd movable wall. When the internal pressure of the gas reservoir is lower than the pressure of the pressurizing means, the third movable wall moves to the gas storage side, the containment moves in the direction of contact with the reaction portion, and the internal pressure of the gas reservoir is greater than the pressure of the pressurizing means. When high, the third movable wall moves to the pressing means side, and the storage portion moves in a direction in contact with the liquid storage portion.

The operation of this structure will be described below. When the gas reservoir internal pressure is higher than the pressure by the pressurizing means, the third movable wall moves to the pressurizing means side, and in conjunction with this, the opening of the containment portion moves to the liquid reservoir, whereby the containment portion and the liquid reservoir are connected. Thus, the reaction solution can be stored in the containment unit. On the other hand, when the internal pressure of the gas storage part is lower than the pressure by the pressurizing means, the third movable wall moves to the gas storage part side, and in conjunction with this, the opening of the storage part moves to the reaction part, thereby connecting the reaction part and the storage part. Therefore, the reaction solution can be moved to the reaction section.

In this case, it is preferable to arrange a capillary tube, a membrane, a porous member, a cloth, or the like in the outlet of the containment section and the reaction section. According to this, the movement of the reaction solution from the storage portion to the reaction portion can be promoted by the surface tension.

As a result, the reaction solution can be moved by lowering the pressure of the gas storage unit without using electric power.

The pressurizing means is characterized by a motor, a magnetic force, a spring, and an elastic body.

In this case, it is conceivable that the pressurizing means has a cylindrical shape, and the plunger in the cylinder is the third movable wall. By weighting the surface facing the gas storage part of the third movable wall with the above components, the third movable wall can be moved in balance with the internal pressure of the gas storage part.

The pressure of the pressurizing means is atmospheric pressure.

In this case, it is conceivable that the pressurizing means has a cylindrical shape, and a plunger in the cylinder is used as the third movable wall, and one end of the cylinder is connected into the gas reservoir and the other into the liquid reservoir. By passing the surface which faces the gas storage part of a 3rd movable wall with air | atmosphere, the pressurizing means which makes a gas storage part more than atmospheric pressure can be constructed.

The pressure of the pressurizing means is the pressure of the liquid storage part.

In this case, it is conceivable that the pressurizing means has a cylindrical shape, and the plunger in the cylinder is used as the third movable wall, and one end of the cylinder is connected into the gas reservoir and the other into the liquid reservoir. By setting the pressure on the surface of the third movable wall that faces the gas storage part to be the liquid storage part internal pressure, it is possible to construct a pressurizing means for making the gas storage part internal pressure to be equal to or higher than the liquid storage part internal pressure.

In addition, a liquid storage unit for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, a gas storage unit for storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane A fuel cell having an electrode disposed to be bonded to each other and electrochemically reacted with a reaction gas supplied from a gas storage unit, and used as a fuel to generate electricity, a partition wall for partitioning the reaction section and the reaction solution, the partition wall and the reaction section At least one of which is movable is characterized by moving in the direction which changes the contact area of a reaction part and a reaction solution.

This makes it possible to generate and stop the reaction gas. In addition, the rate of lowering the internal pressure of the gas storage unit changes in accordance with the output of the fuel cell, so that the amount of movement by the moving means changes, and as a result, the contact area between the reaction solution and the reaction member is variable. Therefore, the amount of reactive gas generated according to the output of the fuel cell can be controlled. That is, when there are many reaction gases required by an electrode, the contact area of a reaction solution and a reaction part may be increased, and the quantity of reaction gas generation | occurrence | production can be increased.

In this case, the substance which can generate | occur | produce reaction gas by contact with a reaction solution is arrange | positioned at the reaction member. That is, when the reaction solution is an aqueous solution of a metal hydrogen complex compound, the catalyst is disposed in the reaction section. On the contrary, in the case of using a metal hydrogen complex compound or an aqueous solution thereof, the reaction solution is an aqueous solution of a catalyst. In addition, when hydrogen is generated using the organic chemical hydride represented by alcohols, ethers, and cyclohexane represented by methanol as a reaction solution, heating is required. Thus, by installing a heater in the reaction member and providing a catalyst, hydrogen can be generated.

Moreover, a partition is arrange | positioned at the surface of the reaction solution side of a reaction part, and the moving means of a partition has a pressurization apparatus which presses the said partition in the direction which makes a reaction part contact with the said reaction solution, The pressure of the said pressurization apparatus, and said reaction The partition wall is moved by the difference in the pressure of the gas, and the moving direction is changed by the pressure change generated by the generation and consumption of the reactive gas.

Moreover, the said partition is arrange | positioned at the surface of the said reaction solution side of the said reaction part, The moving means has a pressurizing apparatus which presses the said reaction part in the direction which makes the said reaction part contact with the said reaction solution, The said pressurizing device The reaction part is moved by the difference between the pressure of the reaction gas and the pressure of the reaction gas, and the moving direction is changed by the pressure change generated by the generation and consumption of the reaction gas.

The structure is such that when the pressure of the reaction gas increases, the reaction portion is blocked by the partition wall so as not to come into contact with the reaction solution, so that the gas generation stops.

In addition, the pressurizing device can use a structure using rubber, a spring-like elastic body, a magnet, a motor, an electrostatic or piezoelectric phenomenon. In addition, a structure may be provided in which a part of the wall surface of the container in which gas, a liquid, or the like is sealed inside is moved and mounted on a partition wall or a reaction member. Although it is preferable to use a member which does not use electric power, since the movable part is frequently operated, power consumption may be small even if electric power is consumed.

The reaction member is a structure for contacting the reaction solution, wherein a through hole is provided in a part of the partition wall.

Thereby, the reaction solution can be supplied to the reaction portion through the through hole.

In addition, in a fuel cell having an electrode bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and electrochemically reacting a reaction gas, a storage tank for storing the reaction gas, and a gas part through which the reaction gas flows and is blown to the electrode And a gas pipe for supplying the reaction gas from the storage tank to the gas part, and a pressure reducing part disposed in the gas pipe to adjust the pressure of the reaction gas sent to the gas part, so that the internal pressure drop in the gas part during fuel cell power generation is reduced in the fuel cell. It is characterized by only the reaction of.

Thereby, reaction gas flows into a gas part according to the balance of the internal pressure of a gas part, and the output voltage of a pressure reduction means. Therefore, as the reaction gas is consumed in the fuel cell and the internal pressure of the gas portion decreases, the reaction gas can be supplied to the gas portion.

As explained above, in order to solve the said subject, in this invention, the liquid storage part which stores a reaction solution,

A reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit,

A gas storage unit for storing a reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit,

A fuel cell having electrodes arranged to be bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and generating power by using a reaction gas supplied from a gas storage unit as a fuel;

A reaction solution supply amount adjusting means for supplying the reaction solution from the liquid storage part to the reaction part when the pressure of the liquid storage part is greater than the pressure of the reaction part, and stopping the supply of the reaction solution when the pressure of the liquid storage part is less than the pressure of the reaction part. It is done by

Thereby, the supply amount of the reaction solution can be controlled in accordance with the driving condition of the fuel cell without directly detecting the output power of the fuel cell. That is, since no electrical control signal is used for the reaction solution supply amount control, no electrical processing and electronic components related to the control are required, which leads to a reduction in energy consumption and a reduction in component scores. In addition, since the reaction solution can be supplied in accordance with the driving condition of the fuel cell, it is possible to increase the fuel utilization efficiency which is the ratio of the consumption amount to the supply amount of the reaction gas.

In addition, a liquid storage unit for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, a gas storage unit for storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane It has a fuel cell which has the electrode arrange | positioned by bonding, and produces electricity using the reaction gas supplied from a gas storage part as a fuel, and the liquid feeding apparatus which transfers a reaction solution from a liquid storage part to a reaction part, A liquid feeding apparatus is a liquid from a reaction part. The reaction solution is prevented from flowing back to the reservoir and the internal pressure of the gas reservoir decreases with the consumption of the reaction gas, thereby causing the reaction solution of the liquid reservoir to move to the reactor.

This causes the reaction solution to move by the internal pressure of the gas reservoir. That is, regardless of the internal pressure of the reaction section, when the amount of the reaction gas in the vicinity of the fuel cell decreases, the reaction solution can be sent to the reaction section to generate the reaction gas. In particular, when a by-product occurs in the reaction section, it is preferable to arrange a reaction gas permeable membrane between the reaction section and the gas storage section to prevent the by-products from moving to the gas storage section. You will not be able to respond immediately. However, even if the reaction gas in the gas reservoir is reduced by this structure, the reaction solution can be supplied from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion to generate the reaction gas, so that the reaction gas can be supplied to the gas reservoir quickly. do.

In addition, a liquid storage unit for storing the reaction solution, a reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, a gas storage unit for storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane A fuel cell having an electrode disposed to be bonded to each other and electrochemically reacted with a reaction gas supplied from a gas storage unit, and used as a fuel to generate electricity, a partition wall for partitioning the reaction section and the reaction solution, the partition wall and the reaction section At least one of them is movable and can be moved in a direction of changing the contact area between the reaction portion and the reaction solution.

This makes it possible to generate and stop the generation amount of the reaction gas. In addition, the rate of decrease in the internal pressure of the gas storage unit changes in accordance with the output of the fuel cell, and the amount of movement by the moving means changes accordingly, resulting in a variable contact area between the reaction solution and the reaction member. Therefore, the amount of reactive gas generated according to the output of the fuel cell can be controlled.

In addition, in a fuel cell having an electrode bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and electrochemically reacting a reaction gas, a storage tank for storing the reaction gas, a gas unit for introducing the reaction gas and sending it to the electrode, and storage And a gas pipe for supplying the reaction gas from the tank to the gas part, and a pressure reducing part disposed in the gas pipe to adjust the pressure of the reaction gas sent to the gas part. Following.

Thereby, reaction gas flows into a gas part according to the balance of the internal pressure of a gas part, and the output pressure of a pressure reduction means. Therefore, as the reaction gas is consumed in the fuel cell and the internal pressure of the gas portion decreases, the reaction gas can be supplied to the gas portion.

With the above structure, the energy for supplying an appropriate amount of fuel or oxidant to the electrode of the fuel cell is reduced, and the volume of the supply amount control mechanism and the reaction amount control mechanism is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fuel cell which is advantageous in terms of energy density, which is compact, safe and has good fuel utilization efficiency.

1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to the present invention.

2 is a flowchart of the method for controlling the hydrogen supply amount of the present invention.

3 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

4 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

5 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

6 is a configuration diagram when the check valve is attached to the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

7 is a configuration diagram when the movable wall is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

8 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

9 is a configuration diagram when a magnet is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

10 is a configuration diagram when a motor is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

11 is a configuration diagram when a spring is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

12 is a configuration diagram when a gas flow path is used as the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

13 is a configuration diagram when a gas flow path is used as the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

14 is a configuration diagram in the case of controlling the amount of the reaction solution in accordance with the pressure change of the gas storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

15 is a configuration diagram in the case of controlling the amount of the reaction solution in accordance with the pressure change of the gas storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a configuration diagram when the reaction gas generation amount is controlled by varying the area of the reaction site of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

17 is a configuration diagram in the case of controlling the amount of reaction gas generated by varying the area of the reaction site of the fuel cell system according to the present invention.

18 is a configuration diagram when a gas storage tank of the fuel cell system according to the present invention is used.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, this invention is demonstrated in detail based on embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)

1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to the present invention. The fuel cell system largely consists of a liquid storage unit 1, a reaction unit 2, a gas storage unit 3, and a fuel cell. The liquid storage part 1 is a site | part which stores the reaction solution for generating hydrogen. The reaction solution is supplied to the reaction unit 2 via the liquid supply passage 13. The reaction part 2 is equipped with the reactant which can generate | occur | produce hydrogen in contact with a reaction solution inside, and is a site | part which generate | occur | produces hydrogen when a reaction solution is supplied to the reaction part 2. The generated hydrogen is supplied to the gas reservoir 3. The gas storage unit 3 is a site for temporarily storing hydrogen supplied from the reaction unit 2. The fuel cell is composed of an anode 4a, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4b, and a cathode 4c. Hydrogen in the gas storage part 3 is electrochemically oxidized at the anode 4a to generate electricity.

The fuel cell is a so-called solid polymer fuel cell. In detail, it is composed of an anode 4a for electrochemically oxidizing hydrogen, a cathode 4c for electrochemically reducing oxygen, and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4b interposed between the anode 4a and the cathode 4c. Since the gas storage part 3 is sealed by the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4b, hydrogen stored in the gas storage part 3 does not leak to the outside, but is only consumed by the anode 4a.

The liquid storage part 1 is provided with a liquid supply path 13 for supplying a reaction solution to the pressure regulating device 20 and the reaction part 2, and the first check point in the liquid supply path 13. The valve 11 is provided. The pressure regulating device 20 is a device for making the pressure in the liquid storage part 1 constant, whereby it becomes possible to return to the original pressure even if the internal pressure of the liquid storage part 1 temporarily decreases. . The cause of the decrease in the internal pressure of the liquid storage part 1 is that the reaction solution is supplied to the reaction part 2 via the liquid supply passage 13. On the other hand, the hydrogen generated in the reaction section 2 does not flow into the liquid storage section 1 by the first check valve 11.

The flowchart of FIG. 2 showed the control method of the hydrogen supply amount of this invention.

According to this, first, when a reaction solution is supplied to the reaction part 2, hydrogen will generate | occur | produce, and hydrogen will be supplied to the gas storage part 3 as the pressure of the reaction part 2 increases. Hydrogen is also supplied from the gas reservoir 3 to the anode 4a. At this time, it is possible to avoid the inflow of hydrogen into the liquid reservoir 1 by the first check valve 13, so that the pressure in the liquid reservoir 1 is constant by the pressure regulating device 20. The pressure of the reaction part 2 increases by the above, but since the pressure of the liquid storage part 1 does not change, the liquid storage part 1 becomes a negative pressure rather than the reaction part 2, and the reaction solution reacts. Supply to the section 2 stops.

Next, since hydrogen is consumed by power generation, the internal pressures of the gas storage part 3 and the reaction part 2 decrease. When the internal pressure of the reaction part 2 falls below the internal pressure of the liquid storage part 1, the reaction solution is supplied from the liquid storage part 1 to the reaction part 2 in order to correct the pressure difference. The following actions are repeated.

In the present embodiment, specifically, a membrane electrode assembly in which a platinum-carrying carbon layer is applied as a catalyst layer to both surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4c is produced, and a fuel cell in which the membrane electrode assembly is sandwiched with carbon cross. Was used. Moreover, the member which provided the cavity which stores hydrogen inside was attached in the position which covers the anode 4a so that the hydrogen inside may not leak to the outside, and it was set as the gas storage part 3. In addition, 4 cc of 25 wt% sodium borohydride aqueous solution was used as the reaction solution in the liquid reservoir 1 using an acryl container for the liquid reservoir 1 and the reaction unit 2, and boron hydride in the reaction unit 2 as the reaction solution. An acidic aqueous solution of pH 3 was received to generate hydrogen from sodium. A liquid supply passage 13 was provided between the liquid storage portion 1 and the reaction portion 2, and a check valve was attached to the liquid supply passage 13. In addition, the reaction unit 2 and the gas storage unit 3 were connected to allow gas to flow. The cumulative amount of hydrogen generated under the above conditions is 2.4L. Theoretically, it is possible to take out an electric quantity of 5.7 Ahr.

In the fuel cell system, the fuel cell was able to continue generating power for 10.9 hours at a constant current of 0.5 A. The efficiency of current generation against the theoretical value was 96%. Moreover, as a result of generating the fuel cell while varying the current, the current generating efficiency was 96%. This result is evident that the fuel cell system can automatically respond to various outputs as a result of automatically changing the amount of hydrogen generated without power consumption.

As a first comparative example, when the aqueous solution was mixed to generate hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen was sent to the fuel cell, the power was generated at a constant current of 0.5 A for about 50 minutes. However, the hydrogen generation reaction was not generated at almost the same time as the termination. The current generation efficiency was 7%. This was because the generated hydrogen leaked to the outside of the fuel cell and the hydrogen amount was insufficient.

As a 2nd comparative example, the sodium borohydride aqueous solution was sent to the reaction part 2 little by little by the pump. The power consumption of the pump is 100 kW. Power generation of the fuel cell continued for 9.5 hours, and the current generation efficiency was 84%. However, due to the power consumption in the pump, the actual amount of power available was 50% of the theoretical value. Moreover, as a result of generating the fuel cell while varying the current, the current generating efficiency was 74%. The actual power amount considering the power consumption of the pump was 40% of the theoretical value. The reason why the current generation efficiency is lowered is that the discharge amount of the reaction solution is very small, so that the discharge amount of the pump is not stable, and it is difficult to operate the pump in accordance with the output of the fuel cell. In addition, it was confirmed again that the effective output of the fuel cell was lowered because power was consumed by the pump.

On the other hand, although hydrogen generation was described in the present Example, it can use in oxygen generation reaction. That is, by disposing manganese dioxide in the reaction unit 2 and using hydrogen peroxide solution in the reaction solution, oxygen generation can be controlled. In this case, the gas storage part 3 becomes a temporary storage part for sending oxygen to the cathode 4c of the power generation part 4.

(Embodiment 2)

3 is a configuration diagram when the movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The state at the time of reaction solution movement stop in FIG.3 (a) and the reaction solution movement to FIG.3 (b) is shown. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the power generation unit are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the first movable wall 12 is used for the check structure arranged in the supply path 13 for liquids as a structure different from the above embodiment. The 1st movable wall 12 is provided in the space connected to the supply path 13 for liquids, and has an area larger than the cross-sectional area of the supply path 13 for liquids. The liquid supply path 13 is closed when the first movable wall 12 moves to the liquid storage part 1 side, but the liquid supply path 13 is opened when the first movable wall 12 moves to the reaction part 2 side. This structure works as follows according to the pressure change of the liquid storage part 1 and the reaction part 2.

First, in FIG. 3A where the movement of the reaction solution is stopped, the reaction portion 2 is higher than the liquid storage portion 1. Thus, the first movable wall 12 moves to the liquid reservoir 1 side, the liquid supply passage 13 is closed, and the movement of the reaction solution stops.

Next, in FIG. 3 (b) in which the reaction solution moves, the liquid reservoir 1 is higher pressure than the reaction part 2. Therefore, the first movable wall 12 moves to the reaction section 2 side, and the liquid supply passage 13 is opened. At the same time, since the liquid storage unit 1 is higher than the reaction unit 2, the reaction solution is supplied to the reaction unit 2.

In addition, when the reaction solution produces hydrogen in the reaction part 2, the above is repeated.

In this embodiment, a fuel cell was operated using sodium cobalt chloride as a reaction solution, and sodium hydrogen borohydride was added to the reaction section 2 to generate hydrogen. In accordance with the operation of the fuel cell, it was confirmed that the cobalt chloride aqueous solution moved to the reaction unit 2, and the fuel cell was also continuously operated.

(Embodiment 3)

4 is a configuration diagram when the movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The state at the time of reaction solution movement stop in FIG.4 (a) and the reaction solution movement is shown in FIG.4 (b). The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, as the structure different from the above embodiment, the check valve 11 and the first movable wall 12 are used for the check structure disposed in the supply path 13 for the liquid. The check valve 11 opens from the liquid storage part 1 in the direction of the reaction part 2 and closes in the reverse direction. This structure works as follows.

First, in FIG. 4A where the movement of the reaction solution is stopped, the reaction portion 2 is higher than the liquid storage portion 1. Therefore, although the check valve 11 and the 1st movable wall 12 are weighted, since the inside of the liquid storage part 1 is a liquid, the 1st movable wall 12 does not move.

Next, in the case of FIG. 4B in which the reaction solution moves, since the reaction part 2 is lower than the liquid storage part 1, the reaction in the first movable wall 12 and the liquid supply passage 13 is performed. The force acts to move the solution to the reaction part 2 side. However, since the frictional direction is smaller in the side where the reaction solution moves than the first movable wall 12, the reaction solution is supplied to the reaction section 2, and the direction in which the volume of the liquid storage section 1 is reduced by the supply amount thereof. The first movable wall 12 moves.

As in Example 2, it was confirmed that the cobalt chloride aqueous solution moved to the reaction unit 2, and the fuel cell was also continuously operated.

(Embodiment 4)

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram when the movable wall is used for the check device of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The state at the time of reaction solution movement in FIG. 5 (a) and the reaction solution movement in FIG. 5 (b) is shown. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, with the structure different from the above embodiment, the first movable wall 12 slides in a direction perpendicular to the liquid supply path 13 to open and close the liquid supply path 13. In order to move the 1st movable wall 12, it was set as the following structure. A plunger 14 which is moved by receiving the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 and the reaction unit 2 is installed between the liquid reservoir 1 and the reaction unit 2, and the slider 16a is attached to the plunger 14. The slider 16b was attached to the 1st movable wall 12, and the gear 15 was provided so that the slider 16a and the slider 16b may cooperate. When the plunger 14 moves, the slider 16a rotates the gear 15 in accordance with the movement of the plunger 14, and the slider 16b slides accordingly, and as a result, the first movable wall 12 is moved. Can be.

When the reaction section 2 is higher than the liquid reservoir 1, the plunger 14 moves to the liquid reservoir 1 side, and the first movable wall 12 closes the supply passage 13 for the liquid. (FIG. 5 (a)). Thus, the reaction solution does not move.

On the other hand, when the reaction part 2 becomes lower than the liquid storage part 1, the plunger 14 moves to the reaction part 2 side, and the 1st movable wall 12 opens the supply path 13 for liquids. It opens (FIG. 5 (b)). Then, the pressure difference between the liquid reservoir 1 and the reaction unit 2 causes the reaction solution to be supplied to the reaction unit 2 through the supply path 13 for the liquid.

Therefore, it was possible to construct a fuel cell system that automatically adjusts the amount of reaction solution without power consumption.

(Embodiment 5)

6 is a configuration diagram when the check valve is attached to the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the pressure regulating device is composed of an external material inlet 21 and a second check valve 27 provided in the external material inlet 21. The pressure drop of the liquid storage unit 1 caused by the supply of the reaction solution to the reaction unit 2 is introduced into the liquid storage unit 1 through the external material inlet 21 from the outside of the fuel cell system. By suppressing, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 can be made constant.

Specifically, 50 mL of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was stored in the liquid storage part, and 5 g of aluminum flakes were accommodated in the reaction part 2. On the other hand, in the amount of these substances, aluminum remains unreacted. Thus, although not shown, a container containing 1 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is attached to the external material inlet 21, and the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is transferred to the liquid storage part 1 as the pressure of the liquid storage part 1 decreases. I was able to move. Thereby, since the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is continuously replenished to the liquid storage part 1, all the aluminum flakes can be melt | dissolved and used for hydrogen generation reaction, and the fuel cell continued to generate power until the hydrogen generation reaction was complete | finished. As described above, the liquid storage unit 1 can be pressure-controlled automatically without using a device that consumes electric power, and as a result, the fuel cell can be continuously driven. It was also confirmed that the power generation time can be extended by using the reaction solution as an external substance.

Embodiment 6

7 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the present Example, the pressure regulator was made into the 2nd movable wall 22 attached to the liquid storage part 1. As shown in FIG. The action is as follows. As the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir 1 to the reactor 2, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 decreases, so that a pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 is generated and the second movable wall ( 22) Move to the side which lowers the volume of the liquid reservoir. The internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 is thereby maintained at atmospheric pressure.

In fact, 4 mL of the acidic solution in the liquid reservoir 1 and 1 g of sodium borohydride were stored in the reaction unit 2 to drive the fuel cell, thereby automatically adjusting the supply amount of the acidic solution to the reaction unit 2, Power generation continued until all of the acidic solution in the liquid reservoir 1 moved to the reaction part 2. The power generation time was 0.5A constant current, 10.6 hours, and the current generation efficiency with respect to the theoretical value was 94%. As mentioned above, it became clear that this structure can control supply amount of reaction solution automatically according to the output of a fuel cell, and can use the reaction solution for power generation with high efficiency.

(Embodiment 7)

8 is a configuration diagram when a movable wall is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the second movable wall 22 attached to the liquid reservoir 1 is used as the pressure regulating device. As the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir 1 to the reactor 2, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 decreases, so that a pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 occurs, and the second movable wall (22) is turned to the side which lowers the volume of the liquid storage part (1). The internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 is thereby maintained at atmospheric pressure.

Embodiment 8

9 is a configuration diagram when a magnet is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the second movable wall 22 attached to the liquid reservoir 1 is moved by a magnet as a pressure regulating device. In detail, first, the magnet 23a is provided on the surface of the second movable wall 22 that faces the liquid reservoir 1. Moreover, the magnet 23b was provided in the fixing part located in the position facing this, and it was made to repel each other. As a result, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 decreases as the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir 1 to the reactor 2, but the second movable wall 22 is driven by the repulsive force of the magnets 23a and 23b. It is weighted and moves to the side which lowers the volume of the liquid storage part 1. Thereby, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 is kept equal to the repulsive force of the magnetic force.

In this structure, the reaction conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and the fuel cell was generated. The results were also the same as in Example 1. Therefore, it was confirmed that it is effective to use a magnet as the pressure regulating device. ·

(Embodiment 9)

10 is a configuration diagram when a motor is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the second movable wall 22 attached to the liquid reservoir 1 as a pressure regulating device is configured to move by a motor. In detail, first, the motor 24 was provided in the fixed part around the 2nd movable wall 22. As shown in FIG. In addition, a slider 26 was attached to the second movable wall 22. And the rotational motion of the motor 24 was converted into linear motion by the slider 26, and it was set as the structure which presses the 2nd movable wall 22, and pressurized the internal pressure of the liquid storage part 1 by this.

(Embodiment 10)

11 is a configuration diagram when a spring is used for the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, the fuel cell, and the functions thereof are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, as the pressure regulating device, the second movable wall 22 attached to the liquid reservoir 1 is pressed by a spring. In detail, first, one end of the spring 25 is provided on the surface of the second movable wall 22 that faces the liquid reservoir 1. Moreover, the other end of the spring 25 was provided in the fixed site | part which faces these, and it was set as the structure which presses the 2nd movable wall 22. As shown in FIG. As a result, the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 decreases as the reaction solution moves from the liquid reservoir 1 to the reactor 2, but the second movable wall 22 is weighted by the spring 25, and the liquid It moves to the side which lowers the volume of the storage part 1. The internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1 is thereby maintained equal to the spring load.

In the case where the spring 25 is used here, it is difficult to obtain a constant pressing force because the amount of bending of the spring is correlated with the pressing force by the law of the hook. However, if all the movement amounts of the 2nd movable wall 22 are below the range which the law of a hook acts, it can fully function. In this embodiment, the fuel cell was generated under the same reaction conditions as in Example 1, and as a result, the results were the same as in Example 1, and it was confirmed that the use of a spring as a pressure regulating device is effective.

 (Embodiment 11)

12 is a configuration diagram when a gas flow path is used as the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, a gas flow path 30 is provided so that hydrogen moves from the reaction part 2 to the liquid storage part 1. Moreover, the pressure reduction device 31 was provided in the gas flow path 30, and the pressure of hydrogen which moves to the liquid storage part 1 was 0.1 Mpa. The operation of the apparatus will be described below. Here, 30 wt% aqueous methanol solution was used as the reaction solution. In addition, although not shown, the reaction part 2 was equipped with the heater for vaporization of the copper catalyst and aqueous methanol solution along the flow path of aqueous methanol solution.

At first, when methanol aqueous solution was supplied to the reaction part 2 and hydrogen started to generate | occur | produce, the pressure of the reaction part 2 became high, and conversely, the internal pressure of the liquid storage part 1 decreased by the movement of methanol aqueous solution. Therefore, hydrogen is supplied from the reaction part 2 to the liquid storage part 1 via the gas flow path 30. However, since the decompression device 31 is present, hydrogen is no longer supplied when the internal pressure of the liquid storage unit 1 reaches 0.1 MPa.

 Next, when hydrogen consumption in a fuel cell progressed and the internal pressure of the reaction part 2 was less than 0.1 Mpa, the aqueous methanol solution was supplied to the reaction part 2 via the liquid supply passage 13. The above was then repeated. As described above, it was confirmed that the present structure automatically controlled the supply amount of the reaction solution to continuously operate the fuel cell.

(Twelfth Embodiment)

13 is a configuration diagram when a gas flow path is used as the pressure regulating device of the liquid storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the fuel cell are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, the liquid flow path between the liquid storage part 1 and the reaction part 2 is used as the liquid permeable membrane 32a, and the gas flow path 30 is used as the gas permeable membrane 32b. Since the gas permeable membrane 32b has a large pressure loss and expresses the same function as the pressure reduction device 31 of Example 11, it was confirmed that the same effect as Example 11 was produced also in this structure.

(Embodiment 13)

14 (a) and 14 (b) show a configuration diagram when the amount of the reaction solution is controlled by the pressure change of the gas storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. 14 (a) shows a state when the reaction solution is moved to the reaction unit in FIG. 14 (b) when the movement of the reaction solution is stopped. The liquid storage part 1 is a site | part which stores the reaction solution for generating hydrogen. The reaction solution is once stored in the storage unit 33 and then supplied to the reaction unit 2. The reaction part 2 is equipped with the reactant which can generate hydrogen by contacting a reaction solution inside, and is a site | part which generate | occur | produces hydrogen when a reaction solution is supplied to the reaction part 2. The generated hydrogen is supplied to the gas reservoir 3. The gas storage unit 3 is a site for temporarily storing hydrogen supplied from the reaction unit 2. The fuel cell is composed of an anode 4a, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4b, and a cathode 4c. Hydrogen in the gas storage part 3 is electrochemically oxidized at the anode 4a to generate electricity.

In this embodiment, in order to move the storage part 33, it has the storage part moving mechanism. In the containment moving mechanism, one surface of the third movable wall 34 is pressurized by the pressure of the gas storage unit 3 using the third movable wall 34, and the surface opposite to this is pressurized means. Pressurized by (35). In the present embodiment, the pressing means 35 used a spring. Moreover, the connection part 36 was attached to both so that the 3rd movable wall 34 and the storage part 33 may cooperate. In this case, the third movable wall 34 moves in the cylindrical container to prevent the hydrogen from leaking from the gas storage part 3.

In addition, in order to promote the movement of the reaction solution into the reaction part 2, the porous member 37 is provided at the site where the opening part 38 of the storage part 33 in the reaction part 2 reaches. The porous member 37 has a function of sucking up the reaction solution to the storage part 33 by capillary phenomenon.

The effect | action of the mechanism which moves the above reaction solution is demonstrated. First, when hydrogen is sufficiently present in the gas storage part 3 and the internal pressure is high, the third movable wall 34 is pushed to the pressurizing means 35 side, and by the connecting portion 36, the third movable wall ( Corresponding to the position of 34, the position of the opening 38 of the containment portion 33 coincides with the liquid reservoir 1. In addition, the blocking unit 39a blocks the storage unit 33 and the reaction unit 2. Therefore, the reaction solution penetrates into the storage part 33 and is stored.

Next, when hydrogen is consumed by the anode 4a of the fuel cell, and the internal pressure of the gas storage part 3 is lower than the weighting of the pressurizing means 35, the third movable wall 34 is the gas storage part ( 3) Pressed to the side. Thereby, the storage part 33 moves by the connection part 36, and the position of the opening part 38 will match with the reaction part 2. As shown in FIG. In addition, the blocking portion 39b blocks the storage portion 33 and the liquid storage portion 1. Thereby, first, the reaction solution in the containment part 33 can infiltrate into the porous member 37 in the reaction part 2, and can move into the reaction part 2.

In the present Example, the reaction solution was made into the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and granular zinc was provided in the reaction part. Although not shown, since both reactions are severe, a hydrogen permeable membrane was provided between the reaction section 2 and the gas storage section 3 in order to prevent the reaction product from moving to the gas storage section 3. By this hydrogen permeable membrane, the responsiveness of the breakdown pressure change of the reaction part 2 and the gas storage part 3 is not good. However, when hydrogen in the gas storage part 3 was consumed and the internal pressure fell, the storage part 33 moved in conjunction with the 3rd partition 34, and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was supplied to the reaction part 2. As shown in FIG. As a result, hydrogen was generated in the reaction section 2, and the increase in the hydrogen pressure of the gas storage section 3 and the continuous operation of the fuel cell were confirmed.

(Embodiment 14)

15 is a configuration diagram when the amount of the reaction solution is controlled by the pressure change of the gas storage unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. 15 (a) shows a state when the reaction solution moves to the reaction part in FIG. 15 (b) when the movement of the reaction solution stops. The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the power generation unit are the same as those in the thirteenth embodiment. In addition, in the present embodiment, the third movable wall 34 moves in the cylinder formed by connecting the liquid reservoir 1 and the gas reservoir 3. Moreover, the 3rd movable wall 34 and the storage part 33 were integrated.

The containment part 33 has an opening part 38, and the position of the opening part 38 matches with the liquid storage part 1 or the reaction part 2, and exchanges these two sites and reaction solution. Specifically, when the gas reservoir 3 is higher than the internal pressure of the liquid reservoir 1, the third movable wall 34 and the containment 33 are pressed toward the liquid reservoir 1 side, whereby the position of the opening 38 is located. Coincides with the liquid reservoir 1. In addition, the blocking unit 39a blocks the storage unit 33 and the reaction unit 2. Therefore, the reaction solution is stored in the storage part 33. On the other hand, when hydrogen is consumed and the gas storage part 3 has a lower internal pressure than the liquid storage part 1, the third movable wall 34 moves to the gas storage part 3 side, whereby the containment part 33 Is blocked from the liquid reservoir 1 by the blocking portion 39b so that the reaction portion 2 and the opening 38 face each other. In the reaction section 2, a porous member 37 is disposed to promote the movement of the reaction solution. Therefore, it becomes possible to move the reaction solution in the storage part 33 to the reaction part 2.

In the present Example, it evaluated whether the movement of the reaction solution and the operation of a fuel cell can be performed continuously using sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and zinc like Example 13. As a result, it was confirmed that the reaction solution can be moved automatically so that the fuel cell can continue to operate.

(Embodiment 15)

16 is a configuration diagram in the case where the reaction gas generation amount is controlled by varying the area of the reaction site of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The state at the time of hydrogen generation at FIG. 16 (b) is shown in FIG. 16 (a). The fuel cell is composed of an anode 4a, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 4b, and a cathode 4c. Hydrogen in the gas storage part 3 is electrochemically oxidized at the anode 4a to generate electricity. The liquid storage part 1 is a site | part which stores the reaction solution for generating hydrogen. In addition, the gas storage part 3 is a part which temporarily stores hydrogen and sends it to the anode 4a of a fuel cell. The reaction member 40 is provided on the bottom face of the liquid storage part 1 and is a material which generates hydrogen by contact with the reaction solution. In order to make the contact area of the reaction solution and the reaction member 40 variable, a partition 41 that is movable is provided on the upper portion of the reaction site 40. A through hole 43 is formed in the partition wall 41 so that the reaction member 40 and the reaction solution come into contact with each other to generate hydrogen. In addition, a connection pipe 42 is provided to supply hydrogen generated in the liquid storage unit 1 to the gas storage unit 3.

The slide of the partition 41 is performed by the difference between the pressure of the gas storage part 3 and the pressure of the pressurizing device 44. That is, when hydrogen is sufficiently present in the gas storage part 3 and the internal pressure is high, the through hole 43 of the partition 41 is in a position not in contact with the reaction member 40. However, when hydrogen in the gas storage part 3 is consumed and the internal pressure is lower than the pressure of the pressurizing device 44, the partition 41 moves so that the position of the through hole 43 overlaps with the reaction member 40. The reaction solution is supplied to the reaction member 40 through the through hole 43 to generate hydrogen.

In this embodiment, magnesium is used as the reaction member 40 and sulfuric acid aqueous solution is used as the reaction solution. It was confirmed that the position of the reaction member 40 changes in accordance with the output of the fuel cell or the hydrogen generating reaction, and the progress and stop of the hydrogen generating reaction are automatically repeated.

Embodiment 16

17 is a configuration diagram in the case where the reaction gas generation amount is controlled by varying the area of the reaction site of the fuel cell system according to the present invention. The state at the time of hydrogen generation at FIG. 17 (b) is shown in FIG. 17 (a). The configuration and function of the liquid storage unit 1, the reaction unit 2, the gas storage unit 3, and the power generation unit are the same as those in the fifteenth embodiment. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the partition 41 is fixed and the reaction member 40 moves. The non-reaction member 45 which does not cause reaction was provided in the site | part which contact | connects the pressurizing apparatus 44 and the gas storage part 3 among the reaction member 40. As in the fifteenth embodiment, when the reaction member 40 moves, and the position coincides with the through hole 43, hydrogen can be generated. Since the movement of the reaction member 40 is caused by the hydrogen pressure of the gas storage part 3, this corresponds to the operating situation of the fuel cell.

In this embodiment, a nickel network in which an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride is added to the reaction solution and a ruthenium catalyst is supported on the reaction member 40 is used. It was confirmed that the position of the reaction member 40 changes in accordance with the output of the fuel cell and the hydrogen generating reaction, and the progress and stop of the hydrogen generating reaction are automatically repeated.

(17th Embodiment)

18 is a configuration diagram when a gas storage tank of the fuel cell system according to the present invention is used. The hydrogen passes through the interior of the gas pipe 52 connected to the storage tank 50 from the storage tank 50, passes through the decompression means 51, and reaches the gas storage part 3. Hydrogen is then stored in the gas storage section 3 and then sent to the anode 4a of the fuel cell for use in power generation. At that time, hydrogen is only used for the fuel cell reaction and does not leak outside of the fuel cell system. Therefore, the internal pressure of the gas storage part 3 is a factor determined by the hydrogen consumption in the fuel cell and the supply of hydrogen from the decompression means 51.

Specifically, the regulator was used for the pressure reduction means 51, and the hydrogen pressure to output was adjusted to 0.1 Mpa. By operating the fuel cell, when the internal pressure of the gas storage unit 3 was less than 0.1 MPa, hydrogen was supplied from the regulator, and the pressure was adjusted to 0.1 MPa. This makes it clear that it is possible to create stable conditions of the fuel cell by automatically adjusting the hydrogen pressure without using power.

As described above, according to the fuel cell of the present invention, the supply amount of the reaction solution can be controlled according to the driving situation of the fuel cell without directly detecting the output power of the fuel cell. Therefore, there is no need to provide electrical processing and electronic components related to the control. Therefore, the energy consumption can be reduced, the weight can be reduced by reducing the number of parts, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Claims (29)

A liquid reservoir for storing the reaction solution; A reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, A gas storage unit storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit; A fuel cell having electrodes arranged to be bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and generating power using the reaction gas supplied from the gas storage unit as a fuel; When the pressure of the liquid reservoir is greater than the pressure of the reaction zone, the reaction solution is supplied from the liquid reservoir to the reaction zone, and when the pressure of the liquid reservoir is smaller than the pressure of the reaction zone, supply of the reaction solution is performed. It is provided with the reaction solution supply amount adjustment means which stops, The reaction solution supply amount adjusting means is provided in a liquid supply path for supplying the reaction gas from the liquid storage part to the reaction part, and checks that the reaction solution flows backward or prevents the reaction gas from flowing in. A fuel cell system, characterized in that it is formed of a device. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure regulating device that pressurizes the liquid storage part when the internal pressure of the liquid storage part decreases due to the supply of the reaction solution. delete The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the check device opens and closes the supply path for the liquid. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the check device is a check valve that inhibits the flow of a substance from the reaction part to the liquid storage part. The said check apparatus is a 1st movable wall interposed between the said liquid storage part and the said reaction part, When the pressure of the said reaction part rises by generation | occurrence | production of the said reaction gas, the force of the pressure of the said reaction part is Move the movable wall in the direction of closing the liquid supply passage to close the liquid flow passage, and when the pressure of the reaction portion decreases due to the consumption of the reaction gas, the movable wall is moved to the liquid supply passage. A fuel cell system characterized by moving in the opening direction to open the liquid flow path. 3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the pressure regulating device has an external material inlet and supplies the external material in one direction in the liquid reservoir. 8. A fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein said pressure regulating device has a check valve that inhibits the flow of a substance from said liquid reservoir to the outside of said fuel cell. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the pressure regulating device has a pump or a fan for supplying liquid or gas from the outside of the fuel cell. The liquid storage part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid storage part has a second movable wall which is operated by atmospheric pressure or a driving force of a motor or a magnetic force or a force external to the liquid storage part by a spring. A fuel cell system characterized by constant. The fuel cell system according to claim 10, wherein a surface of the second movable wall that faces an inner surface of the liquid storage portion communicates with the atmosphere. 12. A fuel cell system in accordance with claim 11, wherein said second movable wall is an elastic body. The fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure regulating device is a gas flow path in which the reaction gas moves between the liquid storage part and the reaction part. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, further comprising a decompression device in the gas flow path, wherein the decompression device depressurizes the pressure of the reaction gas flowing from the reaction part into the liquid storage part to a predetermined pressure. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein a pipe diameter of the supply path for the liquid is larger than a diameter of the gas flow path pipe. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein the liquid supply passage has hydrophilicity. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein the gas flow path has hydrophobicity. The fuel cell system according to claim 13, wherein the liquid supply passage and the gas flow passage are each a membrane or a porous member that permeates a liquid and a gas, respectively. A liquid reservoir for storing the reaction solution; A reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, A gas storage unit storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit; A fuel cell having electrodes arranged to be bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and generating power using the reaction gas supplied from the gas storage unit as a fuel; And a liquid feeding device for feeding the reaction solution from the liquid reservoir to the reaction unit. The liquid feeding device prevents the reaction solution from flowing back from the reaction unit to the liquid storage unit, and moves the reaction solution of the liquid storage unit to the reaction unit by lowering the internal pressure of the gas storage unit according to consumption of the reaction gas. A fuel cell system, characterized in that. The method according to claim 19, wherein the liquid feeding apparatus, A storage portion for storing the reaction solution moving from the liquid reservoir to the reaction portion; It consists of a storage part moving mechanism which moves the said storage part, The containment portion is a container having an opening and a blocking portion, As the internal pressure of the gas reservoir decreases, the opening moves to the reaction portion, and the blocking portion moves to the liquid storage portion, thereby blocking the flow of the containment portion and the liquid storage portion, and circulating the containment portion and the reaction portion. , The opening is moved to the liquid storage part and the blocking part is moved to the reaction part as the internal pressure of the gas storage part increases, thereby circulating the storage part and the liquid storage part, and also blocking the flow of the storage part and the reaction part. The fuel cell system characterized by the above-mentioned. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the containment moving mechanism comprises: a third movable wall; Has a pressurizing means, The third movable wall is disposed facing the gas storage part, The pressurizing means is arranged on a surface of the third movable wall that faces the gas reservoir; When the internal pressure of the gas storage part is lower than the pressure of the pressurizing means, the third movable wall moves to the gas storage part side, the containment part moves in a direction contacting the reaction part, and the internal pressure of the gas storage part is pressurized. And higher than the pressure of the means, the third movable wall moves toward the pressurizing means, and the containment portion moves in the direction of contact with the liquid storage portion. The fuel cell system according to claim 21, wherein the pressurizing means has a motor or a magnetic force or a spring or an elastic body. The fuel cell system according to claim 21, wherein the pressure of the pressurizing means is atmospheric pressure. The fuel cell system according to claim 21, wherein the pressure of the pressurizing means is a pressure of the liquid reservoir. A liquid reservoir for storing the reaction solution; A reaction unit for generating a reaction gas from the reaction solution supplied from the liquid storage unit, A gas storage unit storing the reaction gas supplied from the reaction unit; A fuel cell having electrodes arranged to be bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, wherein the reaction gas supplied from the gas storage part is electrochemically reacted to generate electricity using fuel; A partition wall for partitioning the reaction part and the reaction solution, At least one of the barrier rib and the reaction part is movable, and the fuel cell system is movable in a direction of changing the contact area between the reaction part and the reaction solution. The pressurization apparatus of Claim 25 with which the said partition is arrange | positioned at the surface of the said reaction solution side of the said reaction part, and the moving means of the said partition is pressurizing the said partition in the direction which makes contact with the said reaction part and the said reaction solution. And the partition wall is moved by a difference between the pressure of the pressurizing device and the pressure of the reaction gas, and the direction of movement is changed by a pressure change generated by generation and consumption of the reaction gas. system. The said partition is arrange | positioned at the surface of the said reaction solution side of the said reaction part, The moving means of the said reaction part has a pressurization apparatus which presses the said reaction part in the direction which makes contact with the said reaction part and the said reaction solution. And a direction in which the reaction part moves due to a difference between the pressure of the pressurizing device and the pressure of the reaction gas, and the direction of movement changes due to a difference in pressure generated by generation and consumption of the reaction gas. system. The fuel cell system according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the reaction portion is provided with a through hole for contacting the reaction solution in a part of the partition wall. In a fuel cell having an electrode bonded to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and electrochemically reacting a reaction gas, A storage tank for storing the reaction gas, A gas part in which the reaction gas flows and is blown to the electrode; And a decompression unit disposed between the storage tank and the gas unit to adjust a pressure of the reaction gas sent to the gas unit.

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