KR100973372B1 - Liquid crystal display apparatus and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is a transflective liquid crystal display device which drives a liquid crystal in a transverse electric field, wherein a liquid crystal display capable of displaying a high contrast image in a reflection mode over a wide temperature range even when a retardation layer is provided in a reflection region It is to provide a device and an electronic device.

The liquid crystal display device 100 includes an element substrate 10, a pixel electrode 7a and a common electrode 9a provided on the element substrate 10, an opposing substrate 20, an opposing substrate 20, and an element substrate ( The liquid crystal layer 50 held between the portions 10, the first polarizing plate 51 and the second polarizing plate 52 provided on the emission side and the opposite side of the display light, and the transmission region 100t for emitting the transmission display light. And a reflection region 100r for emitting reflective display light, and a phase difference layer 27 provided in the reflection region 100r and positioned between the liquid crystal layer 50 and the first polarizing plate 51. The temperature dependency of the retardation R of 27) is small compared with the temperature dependency of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50.

Description

Liquid crystal display and electronic device {LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT}

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device for driving a liquid crystal by a transverse electric field, and to an electronic device including the liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a transflective liquid crystal display device in which each of the plurality of pixels includes a transmission region and a reflection region, and a phase difference layer is formed in the reflection region.

Recently, in order to realize wide viewing angles of liquid crystal display devices used in cellular phones and mobile computers, so-called fringe field switching (hereinafter referred to as FFS (Fringe Field Switching)) or in-plane switching (hereinafter referred to as IPS) In a liquid crystal display device of a type which drives a liquid crystal by a transverse electric field, such as an In Plane Switching) system, has been put into practical use. Moreover, in this type of liquid crystal display device, a transflective liquid crystal display device in which each of the plurality of pixels has a transmission region and a reflection region has been proposed.

In addition, on the premise of minimizing the influence of the viewing angle dependency of the retarder, the purpose of eliminating the difference in retardation caused by different path lengths through which light passes in the transmission mode and the reflection mode is as follows. The composition of

(a) providing a phase difference layer in the reflection area

(b) arranging the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate so that the polarization axes are perpendicular to each other;

(c) the liquid crystal alignment direction is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate

(d) The angle at which the slow axis of the retardation layer forms the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate is about 22.5 degrees.

(e) Retardation of the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region is quarter wavelength

(f) The retardation of the retardation layer is 1/2 wavelength

It is proposed to employ (see Patent Document 1).

That is, the retardation layer is provided only in the reflection region under the condition that the display in the transmissive mode is not impaired, the polarization axis of the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal alignment direction are set in parallel or orthogonal direction, and the phase difference of the liquid crystal layer in the reflection region is 4 minutes. The structure which made the phase difference in one wavelength and a phase difference layer into 1/2 wavelength is employ | adopted.

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-338256

However, portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and mobile computers are not limited to indoors and are used outdoors, and regardless of the change in the use environment temperature, the liquid crystal display device described in Patent Document 1 uses the use environment temperature. The display characteristics in the case where V is changed are not considered. For this reason, when the liquid crystal display device disclosed by patent document 1 is used under temperature conditions other than room temperature, there exists a subject of the low contrast of the image displayed in the reflection mode.

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM In order to solve at least one part of the subject mentioned above, this inventor examines the influence of the temperature dependence of the retardation of a liquid crystal layer in a reflection area, and the temperature dependence of the retardation of a phase difference layer to the contrast of the image displayed in reflection mode. As a result, when the retardation temperature has a smaller dependency on the temperature of the retardation than the liquid crystal layer, new knowledge has been obtained that an image with high contrast can be displayed in a reflection mode over a wide temperature range. This invention is made | formed based on this knowledge, and can be implement | achieved as the following forms or application examples.

[Application Example 1]

The liquid crystal display device according to the present application includes an element substrate, a pixel electrode formed on a pixel provided on the element substrate, a common electrode provided on the element substrate, and forming an electric field between the pixel electrode, and the element. An opposing substrate disposed opposite to the substrate, a liquid crystal layer held between the opposing substrate and the element substrate, a first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate provided on the emission side and the opposite side of the display light passing through the liquid crystal layer; A transmissive region provided in the pixel and emitting transmissive display light, a reflecting region provided in the pixel and emitting reflective display light, and provided in the reflecting region, between the liquid crystal layer and the first polarizing plate The retardation layer is positioned, and the retardation layer is characterized in that the temperature dependency of the retardation is smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer.

According to this structure, the retardation temperature provided in the reflection area has a small temperature dependency of retardation compared with a liquid crystal layer. For this reason, based on the above-mentioned knowledge, the liquid crystal display device can display an image with high contrast in the reflection mode over a wide temperature range. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device can display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature changes.

[Application Example 2]

In the liquid crystal display device according to the application example, the opposing substrate of the element substrate and the opposing substrate may be disposed on the emission side of the display light, and the retardation layer may be formed on the surface of the opposing substrate on the liquid crystal layer side.

According to this structure, since the retardation layer is formed in the surface on the side of the liquid crystal layer of the opposing substrate, the temperature conditions of the retardation layer and the liquid crystal layer in the use environment of the liquid crystal display device can be made substantially the same.

[Application Example 3]

In the liquid crystal display device according to the application example, a light reflection layer may be formed on the surface of the liquid crystal layer side of the element substrate in the reflection region, and the phase difference layer may be formed to overlap the light reflection layer in plan view.

According to this configuration, since the retardation layer overlaps the light reflection layer in plan view, the desired phase difference can be satisfactorily given to the reflection region even when the use environment temperature changes with respect to the light incident on the liquid crystal display and reflected by the light reflection layer. Can be.

[Application Example 4]

In the liquid crystal display device according to the application example, any one of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is formed on the side of the liquid crystal layer from the other side of the element substrate, and a predetermined interval is provided in each region of the pixel. It may have a plurality of slit-shaped openings formed.

According to this structure, the liquid crystal display device of the FFS system which drives a liquid crystal by a transverse electric field can be implement | achieved easily.

[Application Example 5]

In the liquid crystal display device according to the application example, the pixel electrode may be formed on the liquid crystal layer side rather than the common electrode.

[Application Example 6]

In the liquid crystal display device according to the application example, the common electrode may be formed on the liquid crystal layer side rather than the pixel electrode.

[Application Example 7]

In the liquid crystal display according to the application example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on the same layer of the device substrate and have a comb-tooth shape, and portions of the comb-tooth shape alternately enter differently. May be arranged to face each other.

According to this structure, the liquid crystal display device of the IPS system which drives a liquid crystal by a transverse electric field can be implement | achieved easily.

[Application Example 8]

The electronic device according to this application example is provided with the liquid crystal display device described above.

According to this configuration, since the electronic device is provided with a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying an image with high contrast in the reflection mode over a wide temperature range, it is possible to display an image of high quality even if the use environment temperature changes.

According to the present invention, in the transflective liquid crystal display device for driving liquid crystal in a transverse electric field, a liquid crystal display capable of displaying an image with high contrast in a reflection mode over a wide temperature range even when a retardation layer is provided in the reflection region. Devices and electronics can be obtained.

The present embodiment will be described below. In the drawings referred to in the following description, the scales are different for each layer and each member in order to make each layer or each member a size that can be recognized on the drawing.

Example 1

(Overall configuration)

1 (a) and 1 (b) are a plan view and a sectional view taken along the line H-H 'of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment as viewed from the side of the opposing substrate together with the respective components formed thereon.

1 (a) and (b), the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment is a transflective active matrix liquid crystal display device, and the liquid crystal panel 100p includes an element substrate 10 and an element substrate. An opposing substrate 20 which is disposed opposite to (10), and a liquid crystal layer 50 homogeneously oriented between the opposing substrate 20 and the element substrate 10 are provided. On the element substrate 10, a sealing material 107 is formed along the circumference of the opposing substrate 20, and the opposing substrate 20 and the element substrate 10 are joined by the sealing material 107. A driving IC 102 including a data line driver circuit 101 and a scan line driver circuit 104 is mounted along one side of the element substrate 10. The liquid crystal layer 50 is a liquid crystal composition showing positive dielectric anisotropy in which the dielectric constant in the alignment direction is larger than the normal direction, and shows a nematic phase in a wide temperature range.

Although described later in detail, a plurality of pixel electrodes 7a are formed in a matrix shape on the element substrate 10. On the other hand, in the opposing board | substrate 20, the frame-shaped light shielding layer 23a which consists of a light-shielding material is formed in the inner area | region of the sealing material 107, and the inside is the image display area | region 10a. In the opposing substrate 20, a light shielding layer 23b called a black matrix or black stripe or the like is formed in a region facing the vertical and horizontal pixel boundary regions of the pixel electrode 7a of the element substrate 10.

The liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment drives the liquid crystal layer 50 in the FFS mode. For this reason, in addition to the pixel electrode 7a, the common electrode (not shown in FIG. 1 (a), (b)) mentioned later is also formed on the element substrate 10, and the opposing board | substrate 20 opposes. The electrode is not formed.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, the liquid crystal panel 100p is disposed such that the counter substrate 20 is positioned on the emission side of the display light passing through the liquid crystal layer 50, and with respect to the liquid crystal panel 100p. The first polarizing plate 51 and the second polarizing plate 52 are disposed on the opposing substrate 20 side and the element substrate 10 side, respectively. In addition, a backlight device (not shown) is disposed on the element substrate 10 side with respect to the liquid crystal panel 100p.

(Electrical Configuration of Liquid Crystal Display)

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of the image display region 10a of the element substrate 10 used in the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of pixels 100a are formed in a matrix in the image display area 10a of the liquid crystal display device 100. Each of the plurality of pixels 100a is provided with a pixel electrode 7a and a thin film transistor 30 for pixel switching for controlling the pixel electrode 7a. Further, in each of the plurality of pixels 100a, a common electrode 9a for forming a transverse electric field is formed between the pixel electrodes 7a, and the common electrode 9a is connected to the common wiring 3c. It is electrically connected. In addition, although the structure in which the common electrode 9a is connected to the common wiring 3c is shown in FIG. 2, the common electrode 9a is shown in the substantially whole surface of the image display area 10a of the element substrate 10. Moreover, in FIG. In some cases, the formed configuration may be employed.

The data line 5a is electrically connected to the source of the thin film transistor 30, and the data line 5a is sequentially supplied with data signals from the data line driver circuit 101. The scanning line 3a is electrically connected to the gate of the thin film transistor 30, and the scanning signal is sequentially supplied from the scanning line driver circuit 104 to the scanning line 3a. The pixel electrode 7a is electrically connected to the drain of the thin film transistor 30, and by turning the thin film transistor 30 on for a predetermined period, each pixel receives a data signal supplied from the data line 5a. Write to 100a at a predetermined timing. In this way, the pixel signal of a predetermined level written in the liquid crystal layer 50 shown in FIG. 1B via the pixel electrode 7a is held for a certain period of time with the common electrode 9a formed on the element substrate 10. It becomes a guarantee. Here, the holding capacitor 60 is formed between the pixel electrode 7a and the common electrode 9a, and the voltage of the pixel electrode 7a is held for three digits longer than the time when the source voltage is applied, for example. . Thereby, the holding property of electric charge is improved and the liquid crystal display device 100 which can display with high contrast ratio can be implement | achieved.

(Configuration of Each Pixel)

(A), (b), (c) is explanatory drawing which shows sectional drawing of each pixel of the liquid crystal display device 100 concerning this Embodiment 1, its top view, the arrangement direction of a polarizing plate, etc., respectively, FIG. 3A corresponds to a cross sectional view when the liquid crystal display 100 is cut at a position corresponding to the line AA ′ in FIG. 3B. In addition, in Fig. 3B, the pixel electrode 7a is indicated by a long dotted line, and the scan line 3a and the wiring formed simultaneously with it are represented by a two-dot chain line, and the data line 5a, a thin film formed simultaneously with it, and the like. Is indicated by a solid line. 3 (b), oblique lines in the upper right direction are given to the reflection region 100r in which the retardation layer 27 and the light reflection layer 11a are formed.

As shown in Figs. 3A and 3B, on the element substrate 10, a transparent pixel electrode 7a made of an indium tin oxide (ITO) film in a matrix form is formed for each pixel 100a. . Along the vertical and horizontal pixel boundary regions of the pixel electrode 7a, data lines 5a and scan lines 3a electrically connected to the thin film transistor 30 (pixel switching elements) are formed. In addition, the common wiring 3c is formed in parallel with the scanning line 3a, and the common wiring 3c is a wiring layer formed simultaneously with the scanning line 3a. The common wiring 3c is electrically connected to the transparent common electrode 9a made of an ITO film via a contact hole 6b. Here, the common electrode 9a is formed of a solid shape, and a plurality of slit-shaped openings 7b (indicated by a long dotted line) are formed in the pixel electrode 7a.

In FIG. 3A, the substrate of the element substrate 10 is made of a transparent substrate 10b such as a quartz substrate or a heat resistant glass substrate, and the substrate of the counter substrate 20 is a quartz substrate or a heat resistant substrate. It consists of transparent substrates 20b, such as a glass substrate. In this embodiment, the glass substrate is used also in any of the transparent substrates 10b and 20b.

3A and 3B, the element substrate 10 has a basic protective film (not shown) made of a silicon oxide film or the like formed on the surface of the transparent substrate 10b, and the surface side thereof. A thin film transistor 30 having a bottom gate structure is formed at a position adjacent to each pixel electrode 7a. The thin film transistor 30 includes a gate electrode made of a part of the scan line 3a, a gate insulating layer 2, a semiconductor layer 1a made of an amorphous silicon film constituting an active layer of the thin film transistor 30, and a contact layer ( Not shown) are stacked in this order. In the semiconductor layer 1a, the data line 5a overlaps as a source electrode through the contact layer at the edge part of the source side, and the drain electrode 5b overlaps with the drain layer edge part via the contact layer. The data line 5a and the drain electrode 5b are made of a conductive film formed at the same time. The protective film 4 which consists of a silicon nitride film etc. is formed in the surface side of the data line 5a and the drain electrode 5b, The resin layer 6 which consists of photosensitive resins, such as an acrylic resin, is formed in the upper layer of the protective film 4, and have.

On the surface of the resin layer 6, the common electrode 9a is formed of the solid ITO film, and the common electrode 9a penetrates through the resin layer 6, the protective film 4, and the gate insulating layer 2. It is electrically connected to the common wiring 3c via the contact hole 6b. On the surface of the common electrode 9a, an interelectrode insulating film 8 made of a silicon oxide film or a silicon nitride film is formed. The pixel electrode 7a is formed of the ITO film in the upper layer of the interelectrode insulating film 8, and the above-mentioned slit-shaped opening 7b is formed in the pixel electrode 7a. An alignment film 16 is formed on the surface side of the pixel electrode 7a. The alignment film 16 is a polyimide resin film which has been subjected to an alignment treatment by a linear rubbing treatment, and the portion of the liquid crystal layer 50 close to the alignment film 16 is aligned along the rubbing direction.

Here, the common electrode 9a and the pixel electrode 7a formed on the side of the liquid crystal layer 50 than the common electrode 9a face each other via the inter-electrode insulating film 8, and the inter-electrode insulating film 8 is opposed to the dielectric film. Holding capacity 60 to be set is formed. In this embodiment, the pixel electrode 7a is electrically connected to the drain electrode 5b via a contact hole 8a formed in the inter-electrode insulating film 8, the resin layer 6, and the protective film 4. In the element substrate 10 configured as described above, the liquid crystal layer 50 is driven around the slit-shaped opening 7b and its periphery by the transverse electric field formed between the pixel electrode 7a and the common electrode 9a.

In the opposing substrate 20, a light shielding layer 23b is formed on the inner surface (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) of the transparent substrate 20b so as to face the thin film transistor 30, and the light shielding layer 23b is provided. ), Color filters 22 of respective colors are formed in an area surrounded by the? The light shielding layer 23b and the color filter 22 are covered with the insulating protective film 24, and the alignment film 26 is formed on the surface side of the insulating protective film 24. The alignment film 26 is a polyimide resin film which is subjected to an alignment treatment by a linear rubbing treatment, and the portion of the liquid crystal layer 50 close to the alignment film 26 is aligned along the rubbing direction. Here, the rubbing treatment for the alignment films 16 and 26 is antiparallel, and the rubbing direction for the alignment film 16 and the rubbing direction for the alignment film 26 are opposite directions. For this reason, the homogeneous orientation of the liquid crystal layer 50 can be carried out.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, the columnar protrusions 13 are formed with respect to the element substrate 10 by the photosensitive resin (FIG. 3 (a). ), Not shown), and the columnar projection 13 sets the distance between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 to a predetermined value.

(Detailed Configuration of Each Pixel)

The liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment is a semi-transmissive reflective type, and each of the plurality of pixels 100a has a transmissive region 100t for displaying an image in a transmissive mode and a reflective region 100r for displaying an image in a reflective mode. ). That is, the light reflection layer 11a which consists of aluminum, silver, their alloys, etc. is formed in the reflecting area 100r among the upper layers of the resin layer 6, and the common electrode 9a and between electrodes are formed in the upper layer side. The insulating film 8 and the pixel electrode 7a are formed. In the reflective region 100r, irregularities are formed on the surface of the resin layer 6 in the region overlapping with the light reflection layer 11a, and light scattering may be imparted to the surface of the light reflection layer 11a.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, the liquid crystal layer while the backlight light emitted from the backlight device (not shown) passes through the transmission region 100t and is emitted as the transmission display light from the side of the opposing substrate 20. Light modulation is performed by 50. In addition, the external light incident from the side of the opposing substrate 20 into the reflective region 100r is reflected by the light reflection layer 11a and is emitted by the liquid crystal layer 50 while being emitted as reflective display light from the side of the opposing substrate 20. Light modulated. Therefore, the path length through which light passes in the transmission mode and the reflection mode is different.

Thus, in this embodiment, the phase difference layer 27 is formed between the first polarizing plate 51 and the liquid crystal layer 50. More specifically, on the inner surface of the opposing substrate 20 (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located), the liquid crystal so as to overlap the light reflection layer 11a in plan view in a region corresponding to the reflective region 100r. A retardation layer 27 made of a polymer is formed, and the alignment film 26 is formed on the surface side of the retardation layer 27. Therefore, in the transmission mode and the reflection mode, even if the path length through which light passes is different, both retardations can be adjusted. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, in defining the direction of the slow axis of the retardation layer 27, an orientation film is formed as a base of the phase difference layer 27, and a rubbing process and a photo-alignment process are performed to this alignment film. What is necessary is just to set the direction of the slow axis of the phase difference layer 27 by this. In addition, you may form this alignment film by a four-side vapor deposition method.

(Optical configuration)

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, when the liquid crystal display device 100 is viewed in the normal direction, the plurality of slit-shaped openings 7b are formed in parallel to each other, and parallel to the scan line 3a (pixel ( 100a) in the short side direction). For this reason, the electric field direction is a direction orthogonal to the scanning line 3a.

In addition, with respect to the alignment film 26 on the opposing substrate 20 side, as shown in Fig. 3C, the direction in which the opening 7b extends (direction / pixel 100a parallel to the scanning line 3a) is shown. Rubbing treatment is carried out at an angle of 5 degrees with respect to the short-side direction), and with respect to the alignment film 16 on the element substrate 10 side, the rubbing direction is opposite to the alignment film 26. The rubbing process of the direction is performed. For this reason, the liquid crystal layer 50 can be homogeneously aligned, and the threshold voltage can be reduced.

The 1st polarizing plate 51 and the 2nd polarizing plate 52 are arrange | positioned so that mutual polarization axes may orthogonally cross, and the polarization axes of the 1st polarizing plate 51 orthogonal to the rubbing direction with respect to the orientation films 16 and 26, and a 2nd polarizing plate The polarization axis of 52 is parallel to the rubbing direction with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, in this embodiment, the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflective region 100r is set to a quarter wavelength, and the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 is set to be. It is set to 1/2 wavelength. That is, the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 in the reflection region 100r is set to 124 nm at 25 ° C. based on the light having a wavelength of 550 nm at which human visibility is the highest in the visible region, and the phase difference layer 27 The retardation R of is set to 251 nm at 25 degreeC. Moreover, the angle which the magnetic axis of the phase difference layer 27 makes with the polarization axis of the 1st polarizing plate 51 is set to 22.5 degrees or 67.5 degrees, and it is 20 degree or more and 25 degrees or less, or 60, anticipating the tolerance of +/- 10%. It is set to more than 75 degrees. In the transmission region 100t and the reflection region 100r, the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 is shifted by a quarter wavelength.

For this reason, in this embodiment, in the reflection region 100r, after the incident light which is linearly polarized by the first polarizing plate 51 is converted into linearly polarized light having different vibration directions by the phase difference layer 27, the liquid crystal layer ( 50) is converted into circularly polarized light. Therefore, in the reflection region 100r, when voltage is not applied, the incident light enters the light reflection layer 11a in a state of circular polarization or a polarization close thereto. Therefore, the light reflected from the light reflection layer 11a and incident on the first polarizing plate 51 is linearly polarized light whose vibration direction is perpendicular to the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 51, that is, the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 51. It becomes linearly polarized light parallel to. Therefore, when voltage is not applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained in the reflection region 100r as in the transmission region 100t.

(Optimization of Retardation of Liquid Crystal Layer and Retardation Layer)

It is a graph which shows the temperature dependence (change rate of (DELTA) n in 25 degreeC) of birefringence (DELTA) n of two types of liquid crystal materials whose NI point (nematic isotropic phase transition temperature) is 95 degreeC and 110 degreeC. 5 is a phase difference layer 27 that satisfies the condition that the emission rate (reflectivity) of the light is less than 0.4% in the case where the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 is changed in the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment. The graph which shows the result of having examined the range of retardation R of () by simulation. FIG. 5 shows the range of the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 which satisfies the condition that the emission rate of light is less than 0.4% when the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 is changed with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm. Is represented by mark P, and the linear first approximation of the range shown by mark R is represented by the mark R, showing the difference between the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 and the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 in the range indicated by the mark P. The equation is shown by the straight line Q. FIG. 6 shows the values of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 at each temperature and the optimum values of the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 in that case, based on the results shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. It is a graph which shows the value read from five by the white circle. FIG. 7 is a graph in which the result shown in FIG. 6 is converted into a rate of change (temperature dependency) based on a temperature of 25 ° C., and the temperature dependence of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 is represented by a black circle, and the phase difference layer ( The temperature dependence of 27 is shown by a white circle.

In the liquid crystal display device 100, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer 50 in the reflection region 100r with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is set to a quarter wavelength at 25 ° C., and the phase difference with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm. Even when the retardation of the layer 27 is set to 1/2 wavelength at 25 ° C., as shown in FIG. 4, the liquid crystal material used for the liquid crystal layer 50 or the retardation layer 27 depends on the temperature. The birefringence Δn is changed. For this reason, at 25 degreeC, for example, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area | region 100r is made into a quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 with respect to the light of wavelength 550nm is made into two quarters. Even when the wavelength is set to one wavelength, when the use environment temperature is changed, achromatic dark display cannot be obtained even in the reflection region 100r when voltage is not applied, and contrast decreases.

Therefore, first, in the case where the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is changed, the range of the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 satisfying the condition that the emission rate of light is less than 0.4%. Was examined by simulation. As a result, as a range of the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 which satisfies these conditions, the result shown by the mark P and the mark R in FIG. 5 was obtained. In addition, when the value shown by the mark P in FIG. 5 is represented by the linear linear approximation formula (linear Q),

R = 1.2067 × Δnd + 101.55 (nm)

.

4 and 5, the optimum value of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 at each temperature and the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 in that case are obtained. In addition, when the result shown in FIG. 6 was converted into the change rate (temperature dependency) based on the temperature of 25 degreeC, the result shown in Table 1, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7 was obtained.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the condition that the temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 is smaller than the temperature dependence of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50 has a light emission rate (reflectivity) of 0.4. New knowledge was found to satisfy the condition of less than%. These results suggest that when the NI point 130 degreeC liquid crystal material is used as the retardation layer 27, optimal conditions can be obtained.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when the liquid crystal layer 50 and the phase difference layer 27 are formed, the temperature dependency of the retardation R of the phase difference layer 27 becomes smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer 50. A liquid crystal material is used. For this reason, according to this embodiment, even when no voltage is applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device 100 may display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature changes.

[Example 2]

8A and 8B are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the second embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like. In addition, since AA 'cross section of FIG.8 (a) is shown as FIG.3 (a), since the basic structure of this form is the same as that of Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part, The illustration is made and their explanation is omitted.

As shown in Fig. 8A, the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment is also a transflective liquid crystal display device similarly to the first embodiment, and the plurality of pixels 100a are each in the transmissive mode. A transmissive region 100t for displaying an image and a reflective region 100r for displaying an image in a reflection mode are provided. Moreover, the phase difference layer 27 which consists of a liquid crystal polymer is formed in the area | region corresponded to the reflection area | region 100r in the inner surface (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) of the opposing board | substrate 20. As shown in FIG.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, when the liquid crystal display device 100 is viewed in the normal direction, the plurality of slit-shaped openings 7b are formed in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals, but the scanning line 3a It extends with an inclination of 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to. Therefore, with respect to the alignment film 26 on the opposite substrate 20 side, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), rubbing treatment is performed in parallel with the scanning line 3a, and the alignment film (on the element substrate 10 side) 16, a rubbing process in the direction opposite to the rubbing direction with respect to the alignment film 26 is performed. For this reason, with respect to the orientation films 16 and 26, the rubbing process is given with the angle of 5 degrees in the counterclockwise direction in the direction which the opening part 7b extends.

Moreover, the 1st polarizing plate 51 and the 2nd polarizing plate 52 are arrange | positioned so that mutual polarization axes may orthogonally cross, and the polarization axes of the 1st polarizing plate 51 are orthogonal to the rubbing direction with respect to the orientation films 16 and 26, The polarization axis of the two polarizing plates 52 is parallel to the rubbing directions with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26.

Also in the liquid crystal display device 100 comprised in this way, similarly to Example 1, the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area | region 100r is made into quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 is carried out. R is set to 1/2 wavelength. Moreover, when forming the liquid crystal layer 50 and the retardation layer 27, the liquid crystal material which makes temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 become smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50, I use it. For this reason, according to this embodiment, even when no voltage is applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device 100 may display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature changes.

Example 3

9A and 9B are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the third embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like. In addition, since the AA 'cross section of FIG. 9 (a) is shown as shown to FIG. 3 (a), since the basic structure of this form is the same as that of Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part, The illustration is made and their explanation is omitted.

As shown in Fig. 9A, the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment is also a transflective liquid crystal display device similarly to the first embodiment, and the plurality of pixels 100a are each in the transmissive mode. A transmissive region 100t for displaying an image and a reflective region 100r for displaying an image in a reflection mode are provided. Moreover, the phase difference layer 27 which consists of a liquid crystal polymer is formed in the area | region corresponded to the reflection area | region 100r in the inner surface (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) of the opposing board | substrate 20. As shown in FIG.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, when the liquid crystal display device 100 is viewed in the normal direction, the plurality of slit-shaped openings 7b extend in the direction in which the data line 5a extends among the pixels 100a. In one side region 100e and 100f of the other side, the direction inclined with respect to the scanning line 3a is opposite, and the pixel 100a has a two-domain structure. That is, in one region 100e of the pixel 100a, the slit-shaped opening 7b is inclined 5 degrees in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the scan line 3a, while in the other region 100f, the slit The opening 7b in the shape is inclined 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the scanning line 3a. Thus, in this embodiment, the alignment film 26 on the opposite substrate 20 side is subjected to a rubbing process in parallel with the scanning line 3a as shown in FIG. 9 (b), and the element substrate 10 side. About the alignment film 16, rubbing treatment in the direction opposite to the rubbing direction with respect to the alignment film 26 is performed. For this reason, with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26, a rubbing process is performed at an angle of 5 degrees in the direction in which the opening portion 7b extends, and in one side region 100e and the other side region 100f, The inclination direction of the slit-shaped opening 7b with respect to the direction of the rubbing process is reversed.

Moreover, the 1st polarizing plate 51 and the 2nd polarizing plate 52 are arrange | positioned so that mutual polarization axes may orthogonally cross, and the polarization axes of the 1st polarizing plate 51 are orthogonal to the rubbing direction with respect to the orientation films 16 and 26, The polarization axis of the two polarizing plates 52 is parallel to the rubbing directions with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26.

Also in the liquid crystal display device 100 comprised in this way, similarly to Example 1, the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area | region 100r is made into quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 is carried out. R is set to 1/2 wavelength. Moreover, when forming the liquid crystal layer 50 and the retardation layer 27, the liquid crystal material which makes temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 become smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50, I use it. For this reason, according to this embodiment, even when no voltage is applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device 100 may display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature changes.

In addition, since the pixel 100a has a two-domain structure, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 50 at the time of voltage application becomes two directions. For this reason, since the azimuth dependence of the vision in the right half and left half of the pixel 100a cancels, the symmetry of the vision improves. In addition, similarly to the regions 100e and 100f, the reflective region 100r of the liquid crystal display device 100 may have a two-domain structure in which the direction in which the opening 7b is inclined is reversed.

Example 4

10A and 10B are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the fourth embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like. In addition, since the AA 'cross section of FIG. 10 (a) is shown as FIG. 3 (a), and the basic structure of this form is the same as that of Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to a common part. The illustration is made and their explanation is omitted.

As shown in Fig. 10A, the liquid crystal display device 100 of this embodiment is also a transflective liquid crystal display device similarly to the first embodiment, and the plurality of pixels 100a are each in the transmissive mode. A transmissive region 100t for displaying an image and a reflective region 100r for displaying an image in a reflection mode are provided. Moreover, the phase difference layer 27 which consists of a liquid crystal polymer is formed in the area | region corresponded to the reflection area | region 100r in the inner surface (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) of the opposing board | substrate 20. As shown in FIG.

In the liquid crystal display device 100 configured as described above, when the liquid crystal display device 100 is viewed in the normal direction, the plurality of slit-shaped openings 7b extend in parallel with the data line 5a and the scan line 3a. Is orthogonal about. Thus, as shown in Fig. 10B, the alignment film 26 on the side of the opposing substrate 20 is subjected to a rubbing treatment in the direction of forming an angle of 85 degrees clockwise with respect to the scan line 3a. For the alignment film 16 on the element substrate 10 side, rubbing treatment in a direction opposite to the rubbing direction with respect to the alignment film 26 is performed. For this reason, the rubbing process is performed with respect to the oriented films 16 and 26 at an angle of 5 degrees in the direction of counterclockwise rotation in the direction in which the opening part 7b extends.

In addition, the first polarizing plate 51 and the second polarizing plate 52 are arranged so that mutual polarization axes are orthogonal to each other, and the polarization axes of the first polarizing plate 51 are orthogonal to the rubbing directions with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26. The polarization axis of the two polarizing plates 52 is parallel to the rubbing directions with respect to the alignment films 16 and 26.

Also in the liquid crystal display device 100 comprised in this way, similarly to Example 1, the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area | region 100r is made into quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 is carried out. R is set to 1/2 wavelength. Moreover, when forming the liquid crystal layer 50 and the retardation layer 27, the liquid crystal material which makes temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 become smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50, I use it. For this reason, according to this embodiment, even when no voltage is applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device 100 may display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature changes.

In addition, in Example 1, although the opening part 7b extends in the short side direction (parallel with the scanning line 3a) of the pixel electrode 7a, in this embodiment, the opening part 7b is the long side direction of the pixel electrode 7a. (Parallel to the data line 5a). Since the liquid crystal layer 50 cannot be oriented satisfactorily at the end part along the direction in which the opening part 7b extends, it does not contribute substantially to display. In this embodiment, since the end portion which does not contribute to this display is located along the short side direction of the pixel electrode 7a, the portion of the region of the pixel 100a that does not substantially contribute to the display can be made small. For this reason, according to this aspect, a brighter display can be obtained.

Example 5

11 (a) and 11 (b) are cross-sectional views and a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display 110 according to the fifth embodiment, respectively, and FIG. 11 (a) is A- of FIG. 11 (b). It corresponds to sectional drawing when the liquid crystal display device 110 was cut | disconnected in the position corresponded to A 'line. In the liquid crystal display device 110 according to the present embodiment, since the configuration of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is different from that of the first embodiment, the description will focus on this point. However, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as the first embodiment. The description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Figs. 11A and 11B, the liquid crystal display device 110 of this embodiment is also a transflective liquid crystal display device similarly to the first embodiment, and the plurality of pixels 110a are each A transmissive region 110t for displaying an image in a transmissive mode and a reflective region 110r for displaying an image in a reflective mode. Moreover, the phase difference layer 27 which consists of a liquid crystal polymer is formed in the area | region corresponded to the reflection area | region 110r in the inner surface (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) of the opposing board | substrate 20. As shown in FIG.

In the liquid crystal display device 110 configured as described above, the common electrode 119a provided on the element substrate 111 is disposed on the liquid crystal layer 50 side rather than the pixel electrode 117a. That is, in the element substrate 111, the gate insulating layer 2, the protective film 4, the resin layer 6, the pixel electrode 117a, and the inter-electrode insulating film 8 on the transparent substrate 10b. And the common electrode 119a and the alignment film 16 are sequentially stacked. In the reflective region 110r, the pixel electrode 117a, the inter-electrode insulating film 8, the common electrode 119a, and the alignment film 16 are stacked on the light reflection layer 11a.

The pixel electrode 117a is electrically connected to the drain electrode 5b via the contact hole 8a formed in the resin layer 6 and the protective film 4. On the other hand, the common electrode 119a is formed over the plurality of pixels 110a. Here, the pixel electrode 117a is formed in a solid shape, and a plurality of slit-shaped openings 119b (indicated by solid lines) are formed in the common electrode 119a. The plurality of slit-shaped opening portions 119b are formed in parallel with each other and extend in parallel with the scanning line 3a (short side direction of the pixel 110a). For this reason, the electric field direction is a direction orthogonal to the scanning line 3a similarly to the first embodiment. In addition, the rubbing direction with respect to the alignment film 26 is also the same direction as Example 1. FIG.

Also in the liquid crystal display device 110 comprised in this way, similarly to Example 1, the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area 110r is made into quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 is carried out. R is set to 1/2 wavelength. Moreover, when forming the liquid crystal layer 50 and the retardation layer 27, the liquid crystal material which makes temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 become smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50, I use it. For this reason, according to this embodiment, even when no voltage is applied, achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display 110 may display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature is changed. In addition, since the common electrode 119a is formed over the plurality of pixels 110a, the ratio (opening ratio) of the portion of the region of the pixel 110a that substantially contributes to display can be increased.

The common electrode 119a may be formed for each pixel 110a. In the liquid crystal display device 110 according to the present embodiment, the opening portion 119b of the common electrode 119a is formed in the opening portion 7b of the pixel electrode 7a in the second, third and fourth embodiments. It may be the same configuration as.

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Example 7

13 is a cross-sectional view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display 130 according to the seventh embodiment. In the liquid crystal display device 130 of the present embodiment, since the retardation layer 27 is formed on the element substrate instead of the opposing substrate, the point will be described based on this point. same. The same code | symbol is attached | subjected and shown to the part which is common in Example 1, and those description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the surface which looked at FIG. 13 from the normal line direction of the 1st polarizing plate 51 is displayed as shown to FIG. 3 (b).

As shown in FIG. 13, the liquid crystal display device 130 of this form is also a transflective liquid crystal display device similarly to Example 1, and the several pixel 130a each displays an image in a transmission mode. And a reflection area 130r for displaying an image in a reflection mode. However, a phase difference layer 27 made of liquid crystal polymer is formed on the inner surface of the element substrate 131 (the surface where the liquid crystal layer 50 is located) in the region corresponding to the reflection region 130r.

In the liquid crystal display device 130 configured in this manner, the element substrate 131 includes a gate insulating layer 2, a protective film 4, a resin layer 6, and a common electrode on the transparent substrate 10b. 9a, the inter-electrode insulating film 8, the pixel electrode 7a, and the alignment film 16 are sequentially stacked. In the reflection region 130r, the phase difference layer 27 is formed on the light reflection layer 11a, and the common electrode 9a, the inter-electrode insulating film 8, the pixel electrode 7a, and the alignment film are formed thereon. 16 are laminated. Therefore, the retardation layer 27 is not formed in the opposing substrate 132.

Also in the liquid crystal display device 130 comprised in this way, similarly to Example 1, the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the reflection area 130r is made into quarter wavelength, and the retardation of the phase difference layer 27 is carried out. R is set to 1/2 wavelength. Moreover, when forming the liquid crystal layer 50 and the retardation layer 27, the liquid crystal material which makes temperature dependence of the retardation R of the retardation layer 27 become smaller than the temperature dependency of the retardation (DELTA) nd of the liquid crystal layer 50, I use it. For this reason, according to this aspect, when voltage is not applied, even in the reflection area 130r, an achromatic dark display can be obtained over a wide temperature range, and an image with high contrast can be displayed. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display device 130 can display an image of high quality even when the use environment temperature is changed. In addition, since the phase difference layer 27 is formed on the light reflection layer 11a, the relative positional accuracy of the phase difference layer 27 and the light reflection layer 11a improves. For this reason, the structure of this form is suitable for a high definition liquid crystal display device. In the reflection region 130r, since the phase difference layer 27 is formed on the light reflection layer 11a, and the solid common electrode 9a is formed on the phase difference layer 27, the light reflection layer 11a is formed. ), The cutting of the common electrode 9a and the distortion of the electric field do not occur.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device 130 may have a structure in which the element substrate 131 is arranged on the emission side of the display light. In that case, the retardation layer 27 and the light reflection layer 11a may be formed on the inner surface of the opposing substrate 132, the retardation layer 27 is formed on the element substrate 131, and the light reflection layer 11a is opposed. It may be formed in the substrate 132.

In the above embodiment, an amorphous silicon film is used as the semiconductor film, but the present invention may be applied to the element substrate 10 using a polysilicon film or a single crystal silicon layer. Moreover, you may apply this invention to the liquid crystal display device which used the thin film diode element (nonlinear element) as a pixel switching element.

In addition, although the polarizing axis of the 1st polarizing plate 51 and the 2nd polarizing plate 52 was demonstrated in the said Example, you may set it as an absorption axis instead of a polarizing axis.

[Electronics]

Next, an electronic device to which the liquid crystal display device 100 according to the above-described embodiment is applied will be described. The structure of the mobile personal computer provided with the liquid crystal display device 100 in FIG. 14A is shown. The personal computer 2000 includes a liquid crystal display device 100 as a display unit and a main body part 2010. The main body 2010 is provided with a power switch 2001 and a keyboard 2002. Fig. 14B shows the structure of a mobile phone provided with the liquid crystal display device 100. The cellular phone 3000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 3001 and a scroll button 3002, and a liquid crystal display device 100 as a display unit. By operating the scroll button 3002, the screen displayed on the liquid crystal display device 100 is scrolled. 14 (c) shows a configuration of an information portable terminal (PDA: Personal Digital Assistants) to which the liquid crystal display device 100 is applied. The information portable terminal 4000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 4001, a power switch 4002, and a liquid crystal display device 100 as a display unit. When the power switch 4002 is operated, various types of information such as an address book and a scheduler are displayed on the liquid crystal display device 100.

Since these electronic devices are provided with the liquid crystal display device 100 which can display a high contrast image in a reflection mode over a wide temperature range, it is possible to display a high quality image even if the use environment temperature changes. As the electronic apparatus to which the liquid crystal display device 100 is applied, as shown in FIG. 14, a digital still camera, a liquid crystal television, a viewfinder type, a monitor direct view type video tape recorder, a car navigation apparatus, a pager, an electronic notebook, Electronic calculators, word processors, workstations, video phones, POS terminals, devices with touch panels, and the like. And the liquid crystal display device 100 mentioned above is applicable as a display part of these various electronic devices. In addition, as the display unit of the various electronic devices described above, the liquid crystal display devices 110, 120, 130 can also be applied, and even in an electronic device provided with the liquid crystal display devices 110, 120, 130, even if the use environment temperature changes, Can display a high image.

1 (a) and 1 (b) are a plan view and a H-H 'cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment as viewed from the side of the opposing substrate together with the respective components formed thereon,

2 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an electrical configuration of an image display region of an element substrate used in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment;

3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) are explanatory views each showing a sectional view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, a plan view thereof, an arrangement direction of a polarizing plate, etc .;

4 is a graph showing the temperature dependence (the rate of change of Δn at 25 ° C) of the birefringence Δn of two kinds of liquid crystal materials having NI points (nematic isotropic phase transition temperatures) of 95 ° C and 110 ° C.

FIG. 5 shows, by simulation, a range of retardation of a phase difference layer that satisfies the condition that the emission rate (reflectivity) of light is less than 0.4% in the case where the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer is changed in the liquid crystal display device. A graph showing the results,

6 is a graph showing an optimum value of the retardation of the phase difference layer in the case where the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer is changed in the liquid crystal display device;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results shown in FIG. 6 converted to a rate of change (temperature dependency) based on a temperature of 25 ° C .;

8 (a) and 8 (b) are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like;

9 (a) and 9 (b) are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like;

10 (a) and 10 (b) are explanatory views each showing a plan view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment, an arrangement direction of the polarizing plate, and the like;

11A and 11B are explanatory views each showing a sectional view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the fifth embodiment, and a plan view thereof;

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13 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional view of one pixel of the liquid crystal display according to the seventh embodiment;

14 is an explanatory diagram of an electronic apparatus using the liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

7a: pixel electrode

9a: common electrode

10: device substrate

10a: image display area

11a: light reflection layer

20: facing substrate

27: phase difference layer

30 thin film transistor (pixel switching element)

50: liquid crystal layer

51: first polarizing plate

52: second polarizing plate

100: liquid crystal display device

100a: pixels

100r: reflection area

100t: transmission area.

Claims (8)

An element substrate, A pixel electrode formed on the pixel provided on the device substrate; A common electrode provided on the element substrate and forming an electric field between the pixel electrodes; An opposing substrate disposed to face the element substrate; A liquid crystal layer held between the opposing substrate and the element substrate; A first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate provided on the emission side and the opposite side of the display light passing through the liquid crystal layer; A transmissive region provided in said pixel and emitting transmissive display light; A reflection area provided in the pixel and emitting reflection display light; A phase difference layer provided in the reflective region and positioned between the liquid crystal layer and the first polarizing plate Respectively, The retardation layer has a smaller temperature dependency of retardation than the liquid crystal layer. Liquid crystal display device characterized in that. The method of claim 1, Of the element substrate and the opposing substrate, the opposing substrate is disposed on the emission side of the display light, The retardation layer is formed on the side of the liquid crystal layer side on the opposite substrate. Liquid crystal display device characterized in that. The method according to claim 1 or 2, In the reflection region, a light reflection layer is formed on a surface of the device substrate on the side of the liquid crystal layer, The retardation layer is formed so as to overlap the light reflection layer in plan view Liquid crystal display device characterized in that. The method of claim 1, One of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is formed on the liquid crystal layer side from the other of the element substrate, and has a plurality of slit-shaped openings formed at predetermined intervals in each of the pixels. A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 4, wherein The pixel electrode is formed on the side of the liquid crystal layer rather than the common electrode. The method of claim 4, wherein The common electrode is formed on the side of the liquid crystal layer rather than the pixel electrode. delete The liquid crystal display device of Claim 1 is provided, The electronic device characterized by the above-mentioned.

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