KR100958729B1 - Apparatus for collecting and injecting refrigerants of ship - Google Patents

Apparatus for collecting and injecting refrigerants of ship Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100958729B1
KR100958729B1 KR1020090052541A KR20090052541A KR100958729B1 KR 100958729 B1 KR100958729 B1 KR 100958729B1 KR 1020090052541 A KR1020090052541 A KR 1020090052541A KR 20090052541 A KR20090052541 A KR 20090052541A KR 100958729 B1 KR100958729 B1 KR 100958729B1
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South Korea
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refrigerant
refrigerator
pressure
compressor
evaporator
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KR1020090052541A
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Korean (ko)
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이재천
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주식회사 일진엔지니어링
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/004—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor with several tanks to collect or charge a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/006—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by charging or discharging valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2525—Pressure relief valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for collecting and injecting refrigerant of a ship refrigerator is provided to easily collect the refrigerant by removing the ice from a vaporizer by injecting gas with high pressure and temperature into the vaporizer. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for collecting and injecting refrigerant of a ship refrigerator comprises a collecting tank(100), a refrigerant collecting and injecting unit, an ice removal unit and a vacuum pump(250). Refrigerant is stored in the collecting tank. The refrigerant collecting and injecting unit forcibly absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerator and forcibly injects the refrigerant stored in the collecting tank. The ice removal unit removes the ice from the vaporizer of the refrigerator using the heat and pressure. The vacuum pump controls the refrigerant collecting and injecting unit and the ice removal unit in a vacuum state. The ice removal unit comprises a pressure pipe for an ice removal, and a valve. The pressure pipe for an ice removal transfers the refrigerant compressed at high temperature and pressure by a compressor to the vaporizer of the refrigerator. The valve selectively opens the pressure pipe for an ice removal.

Description

어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치{APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND INJECTING REFRIGERANTS OF SHIP}Refrigerant recovery and injection device of fishing vessel freezer {APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND INJECTING REFRIGERANTS OF SHIP}

본 발명은 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 어류의 신선도 유지를 위해 어류 탱크를 냉각하는 증발기 내부에 해수 등이 침투하여 결빙되어 증발기의 관로를 폐쇄하여도 냉매의 회수 이전에 증발기의 관로를 해결하여 냉매의 회수가 가능하도록 한 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a refrigerant recovery and injection device of the refrigerator, and more specifically, before the recovery of the refrigerant even if the sea water or the like penetrates into the evaporator cooling the fish tank to maintain the freshness of the fish and freezes to close the pipeline of the evaporator. The present invention relates to a refrigerant recovery and injection device for a fishing vessel freezer, which solves the evaporator's pipeline.

일반적으로 냉동기는 냉매가 압축기 - 응축기 - 팽창변 - 증발기 - 압축기를 연속 순환하면서 물품을 냉동하거나 실내를 냉방하는 것이다.Generally, a refrigerator is a product in which a refrigerant is continuously circulated through a compressor-condenser-expansion valve-evaporator-compressor to freeze an article or to cool a room.

따라서, 냉동기의 고장으로 인한 보수시 또는 폐기시 냉동기의 냉매를 회수하여야 한다.Therefore, the refrigerant of the refrigerator must be recovered at the time of repair or disposal due to the failure of the refrigerator.

종래 냉동기의 냉매를 회수하는 방법으로 예컨대, 냉동기를 가동한 후 일정 시간이 경과하면 냉매가 증발기측으로 이동하지 못하도록 차단하고 고압의 질소 등 을 냉동기에 주입하여 이 주입압력에 의해 냉매를 회수탱크에 회수하는 방법이 있다.As a method of recovering the refrigerant of the conventional refrigerator, for example, after a certain time has elapsed after operating the refrigerator, the refrigerant is blocked from moving to the evaporator side, and high pressure nitrogen is injected into the refrigerator to recover the refrigerant to the recovery tank by the injection pressure. There is a way.

한편, 어선의 경우에는 포획한 어류의 신선도를 유지하기 위하여 냉동기가 갖추어진다. 상기 어선용 냉동기는 압축기 - 응축기 - 팽창변 - 증발기를 포함하는 냉동사이클로서, 상기 증발기는 어류가 담기는 어류 탱크의 둘레부를 감싸는 형태로 설치되어 내부를 흐르는 저온의 냉매로 어류 탱크를 저온으로 유지한다.On the other hand, in the case of fishing boats are provided with a freezer to maintain the freshness of the fish caught. The refrigerator for a fishing vessel is a refrigeration cycle including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The evaporator is installed in a form surrounding a circumference of a fish tank in which fish is contained, and keeps the fish tank at a low temperature with a coolant flowing inside. .

그러나, 어선용 냉동기의 증발기의 내부에는 해수 등(수분, 오일, 이물질 등)이 침투하게 되며, 이 해수는 압축기가 정지하는 경우 결빙된다. 이처럼, 증발기 내부에 결빙이 발생되면 심한 경우 증발기의 관로가 폐쇄되며 따라서, 냉매의 회수시 증발기의 관로에 있는 냉매를 회수하지 못하는 상황이 발생된다.However, seawater or the like (moisture, oil, foreign matter, etc.) penetrates into the evaporator of the fishing vessel freezer, and this seawater is frozen when the compressor is stopped. As such, when freezing occurs inside the evaporator, in severe cases, the pipeline of the evaporator is closed, and thus, a situation in which the refrigerant in the pipeline of the evaporator cannot be recovered when the refrigerant is recovered is generated.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 증발기의 관로에 구멍을 천공하고, 이 구멍을 통해 고압의 질소 등을 주입하여 냉매를 회수하는 방법이 있으나, 이 방법은 많은 수의 구멍을 천공 및 마감하여야 하므로 작업이 매우 번거롭고 불편할 뿐 아니라, 구멍의 마감부를 통해 냉매가 배출되는 문제점도 있다.In order to solve this problem, there is a method of drilling a hole in the pipe of the evaporator, and recovering the refrigerant by injecting nitrogen at high pressure through the hole, but this method requires a large number of holes to be drilled and finished, which is very difficult. Not only cumbersome and inconvenient, there is a problem that the refrigerant is discharged through the end of the hole.

이와 같은 문제점은 1회 출항시 수개월 동안 운항하는 원양어선의 경우 극심한 실정이다.Such a problem is severe in the case of an ocean-going fishing boat that operates for several months when sailing once.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 어류의 신선도를 유지하기 위한 어선용 냉동기의 증발기 내부에 결빙이 발생되어도 냉매의 회수시 결빙을 해소하여 증발기 관로에 구멍을 천공하지 않고도 냉매를 회수할 수 있는 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. The present invention is to solve the above problems, even if freezing occurs inside the evaporator of the freezer for fishing vessels to maintain the freshness of the fish when the recovery of the refrigerant to remove the freezing without puncturing the hole in the evaporator pipe It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerant recovery and injection device of a refrigerator for a fishing vessel.

전술한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 의한 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치는, 내부에 냉매가 회수 저장되는 회수탱크와; 냉동기의 냉매를 강제 흡입하거나 상기 회수탱크에 저장된 냉매를 강제 주입하는 냉매 회수 및 주입부와; 상기 냉동기의 증발기 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 열과 압력으로 제거하는 결빙제거부를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.Refrigerant recovery and injection device of the refrigerator for fishing vessels according to the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the recovery tank in which the refrigerant is recovered and stored therein; A refrigerant recovery and injection unit for forcibly sucking the refrigerant of the refrigerator or forcibly injecting the refrigerant stored in the recovery tank; It characterized in that it comprises a freezing removal unit for removing the ice frozen in the evaporator of the freezer with heat and pressure.

본 발명에 의한 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입방법은, 어선용 냉동기의 증발기에 결빙된 얼음을 제거하는 전처리단계와; 상기 전처리단계 후 상기 냉동기의 냉매를 회수탱크에 회수하는 회수단계와; 그리고, 상기 회수단계를 통해 회수된 냉매를 상기 냉동기에 주입하는 주입단계를 포함하며, 상기 전처리단계에서는, 고온의 열과 압력을 상기 냉동기의 증발기에 공급하여 상기 얼음을 제거하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Refrigerant recovery and injection method of the refrigerator for fishing vessels according to the present invention, the pretreatment step of removing the ice frozen in the evaporator of the fishing vessel freezer; A recovery step of recovering the refrigerant of the refrigerator to a recovery tank after the pretreatment step; And injecting the refrigerant recovered through the recovery step into the freezer, wherein the pretreatment step removes the ice by supplying high temperature heat and pressure to the evaporator of the freezer.

본 발명에 따른 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치에 의하면, 어선용 냉동기의 증발기 내부에 결빙이 발생되어도 고온고압의 기체를 증발기에 주입하여 증발기 내부의 결빙을 제거함으로써 증발기에 구멍을 천공하지 않고 냉매를 회수할 수 있으므로 냉매의 회수 작업이 매우 용이하고 냉동기의 균열 내지 손상을 방지할 수 있다.According to the refrigerant recovery and injection device of the fishing vessel freezer according to the present invention, even if freezing occurs inside the evaporator of the fishing vessel freezer, by injecting gas of high temperature and high pressure into the evaporator to remove the freezing inside the evaporator without puncturing the hole in the evaporator Since the refrigerant can be recovered, the recovery operation of the refrigerant is very easy and cracks or damage of the refrigerator can be prevented.

도 1에서 보이는 것처럼, 본 발명에 의한 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치는, 냉매가 저장되는 회수탱크(100) 및 냉동기(1)의 냉매를 회수탱크(100)에 회수하는 냉매 회수부(200)를 포함하는 것으로, 먼저 어선용 냉동기(1)를 간략히 설명하며, 어선용 냉동기(1)는 압축기, 응축기(1a), 팽창변 및 어선의 수조를 냉각하는 증발기(1b)를 포함하며 냉매의 순환에 의해 상기 어선의 수조에 담긴 어류를 신선하게 보존한다. 증발기(1b)는 수조의 둘레면을 감싸는 형태로 설치되어 상기 수조에 담긴 어류와 물을 일정 온도로 유지한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant recovery and injection device of the refrigerator for a fishing vessel according to the present invention includes a recovery tank 100 for storing refrigerant and a refrigerant recovery unit for recovering the refrigerant of the refrigerator 1 to the recovery tank 100 ( First, the fishing vessel refrigerator 1 will be briefly described, and the fishing vessel refrigerator 1 includes a compressor, a condenser 1a, an expansion valve and an evaporator 1b for cooling the tank of the fishing vessel, The fish stored in the tank of the fishing boat is kept fresh by circulation. The evaporator 1b is installed in a form surrounding the circumference of the tank to maintain the fish and water contained in the tank at a constant temperature.

회수탱크(100)는 내부과 외부와 밀폐되어 냉동기(1)에서 회수된 냉매를 상변화없이 저장한다.The recovery tank 100 is sealed to the inside and the outside to store the refrigerant recovered in the freezer 1 without phase change.

냉매 회수부(200)는 냉동기(1)와 연결되는 냉동기 연결관(210), 냉동기 연결관(210)을 통해 냉동기(1)의 냉매를 압송하는 압축기(220), 압축기(220)의 토출측에 연결되는 액화기(230), 액화기(230)의 토출측과 회수탱크(100)에 연결되는 냉매 공급관(240)으로 구성된다.The refrigerant recovery unit 200 is provided at the discharge side of the compressor 220 and the compressor 220 for pumping the refrigerant of the refrigerator 1 through the refrigerator connection pipe 210 and the refrigerator connection pipe 210 connected to the refrigerator 1. The liquefier 230 is connected, the discharge side of the liquefier 230 and the refrigerant supply pipe 240 connected to the recovery tank 100.

냉동기 연결관(210)은 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측에 연결되는 액체냉매 유동관(211), 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)측에 연결되는 기체냉매 유동관(212)으로 구분될 수 있다. 액체냉매 유동관(211)과 기체냉매 유동관(212)은 분기관(213)을 통해 하나로 모아진 후 흡입관(221)을 통해 압축기(220)에 연결된다.The refrigerator connection pipe 210 may be divided into a liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211 connected to the condenser 1a side of the refrigerator 1 and a gas refrigerant flow pipe 212 connected to the evaporator 1b side of the refrigerator 1. have. The liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211 and the gas refrigerant flow pipe 212 are gathered into one through the branch pipe 213 and then connected to the compressor 220 through the suction pipe 221.

액체냉매 유동관(211)과 기체냉매 유동관(212) 및 분기관(213)은 각각 제1 내지 제4밸브(V-1,V-2,V-3)를 통해 개폐된다.The liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211, the gas refrigerant flow pipe 212, and the branch pipe 213 are opened and closed through first to fourth valves V-1, V-2, and V-3, respectively.

압축기(220)는 흡입관(221)을 통해 냉동기(1)에 연결되고 토출관(222)을 액화기(230)에 연결되어, 냉동기(1)의 냉매를 압송한다.The compressor 220 is connected to the refrigerator 1 through the suction pipe 221 and the discharge pipe 222 is connected to the liquefier 230 to pressurize the refrigerant of the refrigerator 1.

흡입관(221)과 토출관(222)에는 흡입 압력과 토출 압력을 각각 검출하는 저압측 압력게이지(223)와 고압측 압력게이지(224)가 설치된다.The suction pipe 221 and the discharge pipe 222 are provided with a low pressure side pressure gauge 223 and a high pressure side pressure gauge 224 for detecting suction pressure and discharge pressure, respectively.

액화기(230)는 압축기(220)에서 압송된 고온고압의 기체 냉매를 액체 냉매로 상변화시키며, 예를 들어, 기체 냉매의 열교환매체로 저온의 공기가 사용될 수 있다.The liquefier 230 phase-changes the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 220 into a liquid refrigerant. For example, low temperature air may be used as a heat exchange medium of the gas refrigerant.

이로써, 냉동기 연결관(210), 압축기(220), 액화기(230), 회수탱크(100)는 하나의 사이클을 구성하며, 냉매의 회수가 신속하게 이루어질 수 있도록 진공펌프(250)가 적용될 수 있다.As a result, the refrigerator connection pipe 210, the compressor 220, the liquefier 230, and the recovery tank 100 constitute one cycle, and the vacuum pump 250 may be applied to quickly recover the refrigerant. have.

진공펌프(250)는 흡입관(221)에 연결되며 제4밸브(V-4)를 통해 흡입관(221)에 연결되거나 차단된다.The vacuum pump 250 is connected to the suction pipe 221 and is connected to or blocked by the suction pipe 221 through the fourth valve (V-4).

본 발명은 어선용 냉동기의 특성상 증발기(1b) 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 제거하기 위한 구성으로 결빙제거부가 갖추어진다.The present invention is provided with a structure for removing ice frozen in the evaporator (1b) due to the nature of the freezer for fishing vessels.

상기 결빙제거부는 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b) 내부와 연결되어 있으며 고온의 열 및/또는 고압의 유체를 통하여 얼음을 제거하는 것이며, 예컨대, 냉매 회수 부(200)의 압축기(220)에 의해 고온고압으로 압송되는 기체 냉매를 이용함으로써 기기의 부피를 줄이고 제조원가를 절감하였다.The ice removing unit is connected to the inside of the evaporator 1b of the refrigerator 1 and removes ice through high temperature heat and / or high pressure fluid, for example, by the compressor 220 of the refrigerant recovery unit 200. By using the gas refrigerant pushed at high temperature and high pressure, the volume of the device is reduced and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

상기 결빙제거부는 일측은 토출관(222)에 연결되고 타측은 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)측에 연결되어 압축기(220)에 의해 고온고압으로 압축된 기체 냉매를 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)에 압송하는 결빙제거용 가압관(300)을 포함한다.The ice removal unit is connected to the discharge tube 222 and the other side is connected to the evaporator 1b side of the freezer 1 to compress the gas refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 220 to the evaporator 1 of the freezer 1. 1b) includes a pressure pipe for removing icing pressure (300).

즉, 압축기(220)에 의해 고온고압으로 압축된 기체 냉매는 결빙제거용 가압관(300)에 공급되거나 액화기(230)에 공급될 것이며, 이러한 기체 냉매의 흐름을 제어하기 위하여 결빙제거용 가압관(300)에는 제5밸브(V-5)가 설치된다. That is, the gas refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 220 may be supplied to the defrosting pressurizing pipe 300 or the liquefier 230, and to control the flow of the gas refrigerant to pressurize the defrosting. The fifth valve V-5 is installed in the pipe 300.

지금까지는 냉매의 회수와 결빙을 제거하는 냉매 회수부와 결빙제거부에 대해서만 설명하였으며, 회수탱크(100)에 저장된 액체 냉매는 별도의 라인으로 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측에 연결되어 차압 등에 의해 주입될 수 있고, 다르게는 냉매 회수부(200)를 냉매 회수시와 반대로 연결함으로써 즉, 연결관(210)을 회수탱크(100)에 연결하고 냉매공급관(240)을 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)에 연결함으로써 압축기(220)의 압송에 의해 냉매를 주입할 수 있다. 따라서, 냉매 회수부(200)는 냉매 회수 및 주입부의 기능을 하는 것이다.Until now, only the refrigerant recovery unit and the ice removal unit for removing the refrigerant and freezing have been described, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the recovery tank 100 is connected to the condenser 1a side of the refrigerator 1 by a separate line to provide a differential pressure. Or the like, and alternatively, by connecting the refrigerant recovery unit 200 to the reverse of the refrigerant recovery, that is, connecting the connection pipe 210 to the recovery tank 100 and the refrigerant supply pipe 240 of the freezer 1. By connecting to the condenser 1a, the refrigerant may be injected by the pressure feeding of the compressor 220. Therefore, the refrigerant recovery unit 200 functions as a refrigerant recovery and injection unit.

본 발명에 의한 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수 및 주입방법은 다음과 같다.Refrigerant recovery and injection method of the refrigerator for fishing vessels according to the present invention is as follows.

1. 전처리.1. Pretreatment.

전처리 공정은 어선용 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b) 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 냉매의 회수 이전에 제거하는 공정이다.The pretreatment process is a process of removing the ice frozen inside the evaporator 1b of the fishing vessel refrigerator 1 before the recovery of the refrigerant.

진공펌프(250)를 통해 냉매 회수부(200)와 결빙제거용 가압관(300) 내부를 진공으로 조절한다.Through the vacuum pump 250, the refrigerant recovery unit 200 and the inside of the pressure tube 300 for freezing removal are adjusted to a vacuum.

도 2에서와 같이, 액체냉매 유동관(211)을 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측에 연결하고 결빙제거용 가압관(300)을 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)측에 연결한다. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211 is connected to the condenser 1a side of the freezer 1, and the pressure eliminating pipe 300 for freezing is connected to the evaporator 1b side of the freezer 1.

이로써, 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a) - 액체냉매 유동관(211) - 압축기(220) - 결빙제거용 가압관(300) - 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)는 하나의 사이클을 구성한다(제2,6밸브(V-2,V-6) 폐쇄, 제1,3,5밸브(V-1,V-3,V-5) 개방).Thus, the condenser 1a of the refrigerator 1-the liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211-the compressor 220-the pressurized pipe 300 for freezing removal-the evaporator 1b of the refrigerator 1 constitutes one cycle ( 2nd, 6th valves (V-2, V-6) closed, 1st, 3, 5th valves (V-1, V-3, V-5) open).

압축기(220)를 가동하면, 냉동기(1) 내부의 냉매가 응축기(1a)를 통하여 액체냉매 유동관(211)을 거쳐 압축기(220)를 통과한다. 응축기(1a)에서 회수된 냉매는 액체 냉매이지만 압축기(220)에 유입되기 전에 액체 냉매로 상변화되어 압축기(220)의 고장이 일어나지 않는다.When the compressor 220 is operated, the refrigerant inside the refrigerator 1 passes through the compressor 220 through the liquid refrigerant flow pipe 211 through the condenser 1a. The refrigerant recovered from the condenser 1a is a liquid refrigerant but is phase-changed into the liquid refrigerant before entering the compressor 220 so that the failure of the compressor 220 does not occur.

압축기(220)를 통해 고온고압으로 압축된 기체 냉매는 결빙제거용 가압관(300)을 경유하여 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)에 공급되어, 열과 압력에 의해 증발기(1b) 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 녹여 제거한다.The gas refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure through the compressor 220 is supplied to the evaporator 1b of the freezer 1 via the pressure elimination pipe 300 for freezing, and frozen inside the evaporator 1b by heat and pressure. Melt and remove ice.

한편, 이와 같은 결빙 공정에서 압축기(220)를 통해 고온고압으로 압축된 기체냉매의 온도와 압력을 얼음의 제거를 위한 최적의 상태로 조절하기 위하여 다음과 같은 방법에 의해 압축기(220)에서 토출된 기체 냉매의 압력을 더 높여준다.Meanwhile, in order to adjust the temperature and pressure of the gas refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure through the compressor 220 to an optimal state for removing ice in the icing process, the ejected from the compressor 220 by the following method. To increase the pressure of the gas refrigerant.

제3밸브(V-3)를 개방 및 제5밸브(V-5)를 폐쇄한 상태에서 압축기(220)를 가 동하면 냉동기(1) 안에 있는 냉매가 응축기(1a)를 통하여 액체냉매 유동관(211)을 거쳐 압축기(220)를 통과한다. When the compressor 220 is operated while the third valve V-3 is opened and the fifth valve V-5 is closed, the refrigerant in the refrigerator 1 flows through the condenser 1a through the liquid refrigerant flow pipe ( Pass through compressor 220 via 211.

이때, 제5밸브(V-5)가 폐쇄상태이기 때문에 냉매는 제5밸브(V-5)를 통과하지 못하고, 압축기(220)는 계속해서 가동하기 때문에 압축기(220)와 제5밸브(V-5) 사이의 토출관(222) 내부는 압력이 상승하게 된다.At this time, since the fifth valve V-5 is in the closed state, the refrigerant does not pass through the fifth valve V-5, and the compressor 220 continues to operate, so the compressor 220 and the fifth valve V are closed. The pressure inside the discharge pipe 222 between -5) increases.

압축기(220)의 고압측과 제5밸브(V-5) 사이에 설치된 고압측 압력게이지(224)는 압축기(220)의 고압측 압력을 실시간으로 검출하며, 압축기(220)의 고압측 압력이 예를 들어 3.5 내지 5K까지 상승하면 제5밸브(V-5)를 개방한다, 따라서, 압축기(220)에서 토출된 기체 냉매가 토출관(222) 내부에서 더 압축되어 온도가 높아지고 압력이 커진 상태에서 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)에 공급되므로 얼음의 제거 시간을 단축할 수 있다. The high pressure side pressure gauge 224 installed between the high pressure side of the compressor 220 and the fifth valve V-5 detects the high pressure side pressure of the compressor 220 in real time, and the high pressure side pressure of the compressor 220 is increased. For example, when rising to 3.5 to 5K, the fifth valve V-5 is opened. Therefore, the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 220 is further compressed in the discharge pipe 222 to increase the temperature and increase the pressure. Since it is supplied to the evaporator 1b of the freezer 1 can shorten the removal time of the ice.

증발기(1b)를 빠져나온 냉매는 응축기(1a) - 압축기(220) - 제5밸브(V-5) - 결빙제거용 가압관(300) - 증발기(1b)를 연속 순환하면서 증발기(1b) 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 제거한다.The refrigerant exiting the evaporator (1b) is inside the evaporator (1b) while continuously circulating the condenser (1a), the compressor (220), the fifth valve (V-5), the pressurizing pipe (300), and the evaporator (1b). Remove ice frozen in the

한편, 응축기(1a)와 압축기(220)의 입구측에 설치된 저압측 압력게이지(223)는 압축기(220)에 유입되는 냉매의 압력을 검출하며, 압축기(220)의 흡입측 압력이 일정 압력으로 상승하면 증발기(1b) 내부에 저항요소인 얼음이 제거된 것이므로 압축기(220)의 가동을 정지한다.Meanwhile, the low pressure side pressure gauge 223 installed at the inlet side of the condenser 1a and the compressor 220 detects the pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 220, and the suction side pressure of the compressor 220 is maintained at a constant pressure. If it rises, since the ice as the resistance element is removed in the evaporator 1b, the operation of the compressor 220 is stopped.

2. 냉매 회수.2. Refrigerant recovery.

도 3에서처럼, 액체냉매 유동관(211)과 기체냉매 유동관(212)을 각각 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측과 증발기(1b)측에 각각 연결한다. 냉동기(1)의 냉매가 응축기(1a) 또는 증발기(1b)측에 모이도록 사전 작업을 수행한 후 응축기(1a)측과 증발기(1b)측을 서로 폐쇄시키며, 이는 기존 작업과 동일하다. As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid refrigerant flow tube 211 and the gas refrigerant flow tube 212 are respectively connected to the condenser 1a side and the evaporator 1b side of the refrigerator 1, respectively. After the preliminary work is performed so that the refrigerant of the refrigerator 1 is collected on the condenser 1a or the evaporator 1b side, the condenser 1a side and the evaporator 1b side are closed to each other, which is the same as the existing operation.

제1 내지 제3밸브(V-1,V-2,V-3)를 개방하고 제5밸브(V-5)를 폐쇄하여, 냉동기(1) - 압축기(220) - 액화기(230) - 회수탱크(100)로 이루어진 하나의 사이클을 형성한다.The first to third valves (V-1, V-2, V-3) are opened and the fifth valve (V-5) is closed so that the refrigerator (1)-the compressor (220)-the liquefier (230)- A cycle consisting of the recovery tank 100 is formed.

압축기(220)가 가동하면 냉동기(1)의 증발기(1b)측에서는 기체 냉매가 압송되며, 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측에서는 액체 냉매가 압송되어 기체 냉매와 합류한 후 압축기(220)에 유입된다. When the compressor 220 is operated, the gaseous refrigerant is pressurized at the evaporator 1b side of the refrigerator 1, and the liquid refrigerant is pressurized at the condenser 1a side of the refrigerator 1 to join the gaseous refrigerant and then flows into the compressor 220. do.

압축기(220)를 통해 고온고압으로 토출된 기체 냉매는 액화기(230)를 통과하며, 이 과정에서 기체 냉매는 액화기(230) 주위를 흐르는 열교환매체와 열교환하여 액체 냉매로 상변화된다.The gas refrigerant discharged at high temperature and high pressure through the compressor 220 passes through the liquefier 230, and in this process, the gas refrigerant exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium flowing around the liquefier 230 to change into a liquid refrigerant.

액체 냉매는 회수탱크(100) 내부에 회수 저장된다.The liquid refrigerant is recovered and stored in the recovery tank 100.

지금까지는 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)와 증발기(1b)에서 동시에 냉매를 회수하는 것으로 설명하였지만, 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)와 증발기(1b)중 어느 일측에서만 냉매를 회수할 수도 있다.Up to now, it has been described that the refrigerant is simultaneously recovered from the condenser 1a and the evaporator 1b of the refrigerator 1, but the refrigerant may be recovered only from one side of the condenser 1a and the evaporator 1b of the refrigerator 1. .

3. 냉매 주입.3. Refrigerant injection.

도 4에서와 같이, 회수탱크(100)에 회수 저장된 액체 냉매를 주입하기 위해서 냉동기 연결관(210)의 어느 하나 예를 들어 기체냉매 유동관(212)을 회수탱크(100)에 연결하고 냉매 공급관(240)을 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)측에 연결한다.As shown in FIG. 4, in order to inject the liquid refrigerant recovered and stored in the recovery tank 100, for example, a gas refrigerant flow pipe 212 of the refrigerator connection pipe 210 is connected to the recovery tank 100, and the refrigerant supply pipe ( 240 is connected to the condenser 1a side of the refrigerator 1.

제2밸브(V-2)를 개방함과 동시에 압축기(220)를 가동하면 회수탱크(100)에 저장된 액체냉매는 기체냉매로 상변화된 후 압축기(220)를 통과하여 고온고압으로 압송되며, 압축기(220)에서 토출된 기체 냉매는 액화기(230)를 거쳐 액화기(230) 주위를 흐르는 열교환매체와 열교환함으로써 액체 냉매로 상변화되어 냉동기(1)의 응축기(1a)에 주입된다.Opening the second valve (V-2) and operating the compressor 220 at the same time, the liquid refrigerant stored in the recovery tank 100 is phase-changed into gas refrigerant and passed through the compressor 220 at high temperature and high pressure, the compressor The gas refrigerant discharged from the 220 is phase-changed into the liquid refrigerant through heat exchange with the heat exchange medium flowing around the liquefier 230 via the liquefier 230 and injected into the condenser 1a of the refrigerator 1.

냉매의 주입으로 인하여 저압측 압력게이지(223)의 검출값이 대기압 이하로 낮아지면 압축기(220)의 가동을 정지한다.When the detection value of the low pressure side pressure gauge 223 becomes lower than atmospheric pressure due to the injection of the refrigerant, the operation of the compressor 220 is stopped.

이상의 설명은 주입 공정에서 냉동기 연결관(210)과 냉매 공급관(240)이 회수시와 반대로 연결된 것이다.In the above description, the refrigerator connection pipe 210 and the refrigerant supply pipe 240 are connected to each other in the injection process as opposed to the recovery time.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수 및 주입 장치의 계통도.1 is a system diagram of a refrigerant recovery and injection device of a refrigerator for a fishing vessel according to the present invention.

도 2 내지 도 4는 본 발명에 따른 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수 및 주입 방법에 따른 계통도로서, 2 to 4 is a system diagram according to the refrigerant recovery and injection method of the refrigerator for fishing vessels according to the present invention,

도 2는 증발기의 결빙 제거시.2 shows freezing of the evaporator.

도 3은 냉매의 회수시,3 shows the recovery of the refrigerant,

도 4는 회수된 액체 냉매의 주입시를 도시한 것이다.4 shows the injection of the recovered liquid refrigerant.

< 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호 설명><Description of Signs for Main Parts of Drawings>

100 : 회수탱크, 200 : 냉매 회수부100: recovery tank, 200: refrigerant recovery unit

210 : 냉동기 연결관, 220 : 압축기210: refrigerator connector, 220: compressor

230 : 액화기, 240 : 냉매공급관230: liquefier, 240: refrigerant supply pipe

300 : 결빙제거용 가압관,300: pressurized tube for freezing

Claims (8)

압축기, 응축기(1a), 팽창변 및 어선의 수조를 냉각하는 증발기(1b)를 포함하며 냉매의 순환에 의해 상기 어선의 수조에 담긴 어류를 신선하게 보존하는 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치에 있어서, In the refrigerant recovery and injection device of a fishing vessel refrigerator comprising a compressor, a condenser (1a), an expansion valve and an evaporator (1b) for cooling the tank of the fishing vessel and freshly preserves the fish contained in the tank of the fishing vessel by circulation of the refrigerant , 내부에 냉매가 회수 저장되는 회수탱크(100)와;A recovery tank 100 for recovering and storing the refrigerant therein; 상기 냉동기와 연결되는 냉동기 연결관(210), 흡입관(221)을 통해 상기 냉동기 연결관과 연결되는 압축기(220), 상기 압축기의 토출측에 토출관(222)으로 연결되는 액화기(230), 상기 액화기를 통해 응축된 액체 냉매를 상기 회수탱크에 공급하는 냉매 공급관(240)으로 이루어져, 상기 냉동기의 냉매를 강제 흡입하거나 상기 회수탱크에 저장된 냉매를 강제 주입하는 냉매 회수 및 주입부와;The compressor 220 connected to the refrigerator via the refrigerator connection pipe 210, the suction pipe 221 connected to the refrigerator 220, the liquefier 230 connected to the discharge pipe 222 on the discharge side of the compressor, the A refrigerant supply pipe 240 for supplying the liquid refrigerant condensed through the liquefier to the recovery tank, forcibly sucking the refrigerant in the refrigerator or forcibly injecting the refrigerant stored in the recovery tank; 상기 냉동기의 증발기 내부에 결빙된 얼음을 열과 압력으로 제거하는 결빙제거부와;An ice freezing unit for removing ice frozen in the evaporator of the refrigerator with heat and pressure; 상기 냉매 회수 및 주입부의 흡입관(221)에 제4밸브(V-4)를 통해 연결되거나 차단되어 상기 냉매 회수 및 주입부와 결빙제거부를 진공으로 조절하는 진공펌프(250)를 포함하고,A vacuum pump 250 connected to or blocked by a fourth valve V-4 to the suction pipe 221 of the refrigerant recovery and injection unit to adjust the refrigerant recovery and injection unit and the icing removal unit to a vacuum; 상기 결빙제거부는, 일측은 상기 냉매 회수 및 주입부의 압축기에 연결되고 타측은 상기 냉동기의 증발기측에 연결되어 상기 압축기에 의해 고온고압으로 압축된 냉매를 상기 냉동기의 증발기에 압송하는 결빙제거용 가압관(300), 상기 결빙제거용 가압관을 선택적으로 개방하는 밸브를 포함하며,The freezing removal unit, the one side is connected to the refrigerant recovery and injection unit compressor and the other side is connected to the evaporator side of the freezer to pressurize the refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor to the evaporator of the freezer for freezing 300, and comprises a valve for selectively opening the freezing pipe for removing the ice, 상기 밸브는 기체 냉매의 압력이 일정 압력에 도달할 때까지 상기 결빙제거용 가압관을 차단하여 압력을 상승시키며, 상기 기체 냉매가 일정 압력으로 상승하면 상기 결빙제거용 가압관을 개방하여 고온 고압의 기체 냉매를 상기 냉동기의 증발기에 공급하는 것을 특징으로 하는 어선용 냉동기의 냉매 회수와 주입 장치.The valve blocks the freezing pressure pressurizing pipe until the pressure of the gas coolant reaches a predetermined pressure to increase the pressure. When the gas coolant rises to the predetermined pressure, the valve opens the pressure freezing pipe to remove the high temperature and high pressure. Refrigerant recovery and injection device of the refrigerator for fishing, characterized in that the supply of gas refrigerant to the evaporator of the refrigerator. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
KR1020090052541A 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Apparatus for collecting and injecting refrigerants of ship KR100958729B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102853589A (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-01-02 龚炳新 Novel refrigerating machine and circulation thereof
KR102064573B1 (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-09 주식회사 이엠이 System and method for recovering and purifying refrigerant with high efficiency

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005351532A (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Tsuneo Arii Refrigerant recovery device
KR20060024392A (en) * 2003-11-25 2006-03-16 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 Refrigerating apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060024392A (en) * 2003-11-25 2006-03-16 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 Refrigerating apparatus
JP2005351532A (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Tsuneo Arii Refrigerant recovery device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102853589A (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-01-02 龚炳新 Novel refrigerating machine and circulation thereof
CN102853589B (en) * 2011-11-03 2015-08-26 龚炳新 Refrigeration machine and circulation thereof
KR102064573B1 (en) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-09 주식회사 이엠이 System and method for recovering and purifying refrigerant with high efficiency

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