KR100952714B1 - Integrated air conditioning system including refrigerating, cooling, heating and supplying warm water using natural coolant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An integrated air conditioning system including freezing, refrigerating, cooling, heating and hot water supply functions using natural coolant is provided to improve the system performance by increasing the thermal capacity of the system. CONSTITUTION: An integrated air conditioning system including freezing, refrigerating, cooling, heating and hot water supply functions using natural coolant comprises a compressor(1), a first heat exchange module(110), an internal heat exchanger(5), a first pressure control valve(7), a coolant tank(8), a second pressure control valve(9), expansion valves(15,16), and a second heat exchange module(120). The compressor compresses carbon dioxide coolant to high pressure and high temperature of a supercritical state. The first heat exchange module heat-exchanges the coolant provided from the compressor and an external heat source. The internal heat exchanger heat-exchanges the coolant provided from the first heat exchange module with the coolant provided from the second heat exchange module. The first pressure control valve changes the refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger from the supercritical state to a subcritical state. The coolant tank stores the liquid coolant provided from the pressure control valve. The second pressure control valve controls the internal pressure of the coolant tank to be uniform. The expansion valve changes the coolant to the saturated steam state of low temperature and low pressure. The second heat exchange module heat-exchanges the coolant of saturated steam state provided from the expansion valve with the external heat source.

Description

Integrated air conditioning system including Refrigerating, cooling, heating and supplying warm water using natural coolant}

The present invention relates to an integrated air conditioning system that can realize high-efficiency refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling, heating and hot water supply at the same time without causing air pollution by using environmentally friendly carbon dioxide (R744) as a refrigerant.

In general, a heat pump means a device capable of moving heat from a low temperature to a high temperature. The structure and operation of a cycle are the same as those of a freezer. In the case of using high temperature heat, it becomes a heat pump.

The basic components of the heat pump cycle are divided into four components: the compressor, the first heat exchanger, which is a high temperature heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the second heat exchanger, which is a low temperature heat exchanger. The refrigerant is circulated while continuing to change the compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation. do.

Cooling and heating cold and hot water composite system that can generate hot water used in the bathroom or factory using the principle of the heat pump can heat the water and refrigerant introduced from the outside to the high temperature heat exchanger to obtain hot water and use the heating function Can also be performed.

The air conditioning hot and cold water composite system is to heat the water introduced from the outside by the heat energy of the refrigerant, and receives the heat energy from the outside air to evaporate the refrigerant to circulate the cycle.

Conventionally, using a freon as a refrigerant to implement such a cooling and heating cold and hot water composite system. However, freon refrigerants tend to be regulated globally in terms of global warming prevention and eco-friendliness, and since the Tokyo Protocol has severely restricted the use of freon to destroy the atmospheric ozone layer from 2014, it has been replaced by other freons. There is a need for a cooling and heating system using a refrigerant.

Due to such a necessity, attempts have been made to use carbon dioxide, which is an old refrigerant, as an alternative to Freon. However, the conventional system using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant has a problem of low thermal efficiency. In order to solve this problem, a multistage compression system may be employed, but there is a problem in that the configuration of the system is complicated and the manufacturing cost increases.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems as an air conditioning system that can be integrated with high-efficiency refrigeration, refrigeration, cooling, heating and hot water using a single stage compression system using a carbon dioxide which is a natural refrigerant as a refrigerant. Is to provide.

Refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system using a natural refrigerant according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a compressor for compressing a refrigerant made of carbon dioxide into a high temperature and high pressure state of a supercritical state;

A first heat exchange module configured to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant introduced from the compressor and an external heat source;

An internal heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant introduced from the first heat exchange module and the refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module described later;

A first pressure regulating valve for converting a state of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange module and passing through the internal heat exchanger from a supercritical state to a subcritical state;

Refrigerant tank for storing the liquid refrigerant flowing from the first pressure control valve;

A second pressure regulating valve installed on the refrigerant flow path flowing from the refrigerant tank to the internal exchanger to selectively discharge the gaseous refrigerant present in the refrigerant tank to constantly regulate the pressure in the refrigerant tank;

An expansion valve for converting the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wetted vapor state by introducing a liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank and adiabatic expansion; And

And a second heat exchange module configured to heat-exchange the refrigerant in a low-temperature low-pressure wetted vapor state introduced from the expansion valve with an external heat source.

The refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module is circulated through the internal heat exchanger to the compressor.

A first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor installed on the refrigerant flow path flowing from the first heat exchange module to the internal heat exchanger and measuring the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant, respectively;

A second pressure sensor measuring a pressure of the refrigerant tank; And

A valve controller configured to control the opening and closing of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve by receiving measurement values of the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor; It is preferable to include.

The first heat exchange module preferably includes a hot water supply system that generates hot water by heat exchange with water introduced from an external hot water tank.

The first heat exchange module preferably includes a heating system that heats the outside air by exchanging heat with the outside air.

The second heat exchange module preferably includes a cooling system that cools the outside air by exchanging heat with the outside air.

The present invention provides a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a refrigerant tank for converting a refrigerant from a supercritical state into a subcritical state using carbon dioxide, which is a natural refrigerant, to significantly increase the heat capacity of the system. It provides a freezing, refrigeration and cooling, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system using a natural refrigerant having a significantly improved performance than the conventional air conditioning system using a carbon dioxide refrigerant.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling and hot water cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG. 3 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the heating cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG. 4 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the hot water supply cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG.

1 to 4, refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling, heating, and hot water integrated air conditioning system (100, hereinafter referred to as “air conditioning system”) using natural refrigerants according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include carbon dioxide. It is a system that shows high efficiency heat exchange ability with refrigerant.

The air conditioning system 100 includes a compressor 1, a first heat exchange module 110, an internal heat exchanger 5, a first pressure control valve 7, a refrigerant tank 8, and a second And a pressure regulating valve 9, expansion valves 15 and 16, and a second heat exchange module 120.

The compressor 1 is a device for compressing a carbon dioxide refrigerant in a low temperature gas state into a high temperature and high pressure state in a supercritical state. Since the detailed structure of the compressor is known, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The first heat exchange module 110 allows heat exchange between the high temperature refrigerant gas introduced from the compressor 1 and an external heat source. The first heat exchange module 110 transfers heat from the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant generated from the compressor 1 to an external heat source to increase the temperature of the external heat source.

The first heat exchange module 110 includes a hot water supply system that generates hot water by heat exchange with water introduced from an external hot water tank. The first heat exchange module 110 may include a heating system that heats the outside air by heat-exchanging with the outside air.

The first heat exchange module 110 includes a first three-way valve (A), a second three-way valve (B), a heat exchanger (2) for generating hot water, and a hot water tank (3).

The first three-way valve (A) is provided to selectively control the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing from the compressor (1). The first three-way valve (A) is connected in parallel with the second three-way valve (B) to be described later and the evaporator 10 to be described later in parallel. The second three-way valve (B) is provided to selectively control the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing from the first three-way valve (A). The second three-way valve (B) is connected to the heat exchanger (2) for generating hot water (to be described later) and the third three-way valve (C) to be described later in parallel flow paths.

The heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water exchanges the refrigerant introduced from the second three-way valve B with water introduced from the outside to generate hot water. In order to supply water to the hot water generating heat exchanger (2) is provided a hot water tank (3) connected to the heat exchanger for producing hot water (2) and a water passage for entering and exiting the water. A hot water circulation pump 13 disposed on the water channel between the hot water tank 3 and the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water is provided to control the flow of water. The hot water circulation pump 13 controls the flow of water introduced into the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water. The second temperature sensor 18 for measuring the temperature of the water stored in the hot water tank (3) is provided. The second three-way valve B may be adjusted based on the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 18 to bypass the refrigerant so as not to flow into the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water. The hot water stored in the hot water tank 3 can be used from the outside through a hot water pipe. In addition, the hot water tank 3 may be supplied to the cold water from the outside through a water supply pipe.

The auxiliary heat exchanger 4 other than the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water is connected to the refrigerant passage with the third three-way valve C interposed therebetween. The third three-way valve (C) is sent to the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) by selectively adjusting the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing from the heat exchanger (2) or the second three-way valve (B) for generating hot water or described later. It serves to send to the sub cooler (11). The refrigerant introduced into the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) is lowered in temperature by heat exchange with external air. If necessary, water can be increased by spraying the auxiliary heat exchanger 4 with the spray nozzle 20 injected by the spray pump 14 to increase the heat exchange effect. The water sprayed on the auxiliary heat exchanger 4 may be supplied by the spray pump 14 from the outside. The refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) flows into the internal heat exchanger (5) described later via the fourth three-way valve (D). On the other hand, the expansion valve 16 is provided in the flow path between the fourth three-way valve (D) and the refrigerant tank (8) to be described later. The spray pump 14 may be controlled based on the measured temperature of the refrigerant passing through the fourth three-way valve D toward the internal heat exchanger 5 by the second temperature sensor 18. .

The internal heat exchanger 5 is provided to allow the refrigerant introduced from the first heat exchange module 110 and the refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module 120 to be described later to perform heat exchange with each other. In other words, the internal heat exchanger (5) is a heat exchange between the same refrigerant as the refrigerant crosses each other.

A first temperature sensor 21 and a first pressure sensor 22 for measuring the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the internal heat exchanger 5 from the first heat exchange module 110 are provided. The values measured by the first temperature sensor 21 and the first pressure sensor 22 are input to a valve controller 17 to be described later.

The first pressure control valve 7 converts the state of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange module 110 and passing through the internal heat exchanger 5 from the supercritical state to the subcritical state. The refrigerant tank 8 is a tank for storing the liquid refrigerant flowing from the first pressure control valve 7. In the refrigerant tank 8, a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant are mixed. A second pressure sensor 6 is provided for measuring the pressure in the refrigerant tank 8.

The second pressure regulating valve 9 is provided on a refrigerant flow path connecting the refrigerant tank 8 and the internal heat exchanger 5. The second pressure control valve 9 selectively discharges the gaseous refrigerant present in the refrigerant tank 8 to constantly adjust the pressure in the refrigerant tank 8.

Values measured from the first temperature sensor 21, the first pressure sensor 22, and the second pressure sensor 6 are input to the valve controller 17. The valve controller 17 controls the opening and closing of the first pressure regulating valve 7 and the second pressure regulating valve 9 based on the input temperature and pressure values.

The expansion valves 15 and 16 convert the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wetted vapor state by introducing adiabatic expansion of a liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank 8. Since the expansion valves 15 and 16 may employ expansion valves 15 and 16 having a known structure, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The second heat exchange module 120 is provided to exchange heat with a low temperature, low pressure, wet saturated vapor state refrigerant introduced from the expansion valves 15 and 16 with an external heat source. The second heat exchange module may include a cooling system that cools the outside air by exchanging heat with the outside air.

The second heat exchange module 120 includes an evaporator 10, a fifth three-way valve E, and a sub cooler 11.

The evaporator 10 absorbs heat from a low-temperature, low-pressure, wet-saturated vapor state introduced from the expansion valve 15 from an external heat source, and changes the superheat degree to a gas state with increased superheat. The fifth three-way valve (E) is provided to selectively control whether to send the refrigerant introduced from the evaporator 10 to the sub cooler 11 or the internal heat exchanger (5) to be described later. A gas-liquid separator 12 and an expansion valve 23 are provided between the fifth three-way valve E and the internal heat exchanger 5. The sub cooler 11 is provided to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange module 110 and the refrigerant flowing from the evaporator 10.

The refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module 120 is circulated to the compressor 1 through the internal heat exchanger 5.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail along the flow of the refrigerant when the air conditioning system 100 having such a configuration is operated in a cooling and hot water cycle, a heating cycle, and a hot water cycle.

A cooling and hot water cycle will be described with reference to FIG. 2. The compressor 1 compresses the carbon dioxide refrigerant R744 to a pressure of 100 bar or more, which is a supercritical pressure, and a temperature of 130 ° C. or more. The refrigerant flowing from the compressor 1 flows in the direction of ⓐ-ⓑ of the first three-way valve A and flows in the direction of ⓐ-ⓑ from the second three-way valve B, thereby generating hot water. Flows into. At this time, the hot water circulation pump 13 is operated to introduce water in the hot water tank 3 into the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water. The hot water for producing hot water may be produced by heat-exchanging the refrigerant with high temperature and high pressure in the heat exchanger 2 for generating hot water. At this time, the second three-way valve (B) may operate in accordance with the hot water set temperature of the hot water tank 3 to bypass in the ⓐ-ⓑ direction to the ⓐ-ⓒ direction. The hot water generation cycle can be controlled by the temperature controller 19 installed in the hot water tank 3 to control the temperature of the water stored in the hot water tank 3. After the hot water is generated, the supercritical pressure hot refrigerant gas flows in the direction ⓐ-ⓑ of the third three-way valve C, and heats with an external air heat source by the auxiliary heat exchanger 4, thereby dissipating heat to the air heat source. Lower the temperature of the refrigerant gas. The refrigerant flows in the direction ⓐ-ⓑ of the fourth three-way valve D and flows into the internal heat exchanger 5 along the refrigerant flow path L5. In this process, when the temperature of the refrigerant is higher than the critical temperature of 31 ° C. by the second temperature sensor 18, the spray pump 14 operates to spray water on the surface of the auxiliary heat exchanger 4 by the spray nozzle 20. do. The auxiliary heat exchanger 4 may be cooled by the latent heat of water injected by the spray pump 14 to adjust the degree of superheat of the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant reaches the internal heat exchanger 5 through the refrigerant line L5 and passes through the refrigerant line L6 at the collective branch point J. In the internal heat exchanger (5), mutual heat exchange occurs between the refrigerant gas having a low evaporation process in the evaporator 10 and the refrigerant introduced through the refrigerant line L6. As a result, the refrigerant flowing from the internal heat exchanger 5 to the first pressure control valve 7 is controlled to have a superheat degree below a critical temperature of 31 ° C., at which time from the internal heat exchanger 5 to the compressor 1. The degree of superheat of the flowing low pressure refrigerant gas is also improved. At this time, the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant line L6 and passing through the internal heat exchanger 5 maintains the supercritical pressure and temperature at a critical point state and passes through the first pressure control valve 7 to 45 bar and 10 as the subcritical pressure. It is converted to ℃ or less. At this time, the changed refrigerant liquid is introduced into the refrigerant tank 8 while maintaining a constant flow rate. At this time, the pressure of the refrigerant tank 8 may be maintained by the second pressure control valve (9). The first pressure control valve 7 and the second pressure control valve 9 are controlled by the first temperature sensor 21 and the first pressure sensor 22 and the first temperature sensor 21 installed on the refrigerant line L6 past the collective branch point J. By the value of the second pressure sensor 6 installed in the refrigerant tank 8 it is possible by the valve controller 17. The valve controller 17 is capable of automatic control or manual control.

On the other hand, the refrigerant liquid in the sub-critical state stored in the refrigerant tank 8 flows in the direction of the refrigerant line L1 at the collective branch point K and passes through the solenoid valve and the expansion valve 15 to phase change into a low-temperature, low-pressure wetted vapor. It enters the evaporator 10. In the evaporator 10, the refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the room air to cool the room. After cooling, the refrigerant gas in the low temperature steam state flows in the direction ⓐ-ⓑ of the fifth three-way valve (E), and the liquid refrigerant separated from the gas-liquid separator 12 is evaporated again by the expansion valve 23 to obtain a gaseous state. And then flows into the compressor 1 via the internal heat exchanger 5. In the internal heat exchanger (5), heat exchange occurs between the high temperature and high pressure supercritical refrigerant introduced into the refrigerant line (L6) and the refrigerant introduced from the fifth three-way valve (E). Therefore, the superheat degree of the refrigerant gas flowing into the compressor 1 is improved.

The heating cycle will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. The compressor 1 generates a refrigerant having a supercritical pressure of 100 bar or more and a temperature of 130 ° C. or more. The refrigerant flowing out of the compressor (1) flows in the direction of ⓐ-ⓒ at the first three-way valve (A), moves along the refrigerant line L7, and flows into the evaporator 10 at the collective branch point M. At this time, the evaporator 10 is a device for heating as a heat exchanger. That is, the refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure passing through the evaporator 10 heats the surroundings by transferring heat to the surrounding air, and the refrigerant itself has a low temperature. That is, in this cycle, the evaporator 10 serves as a heat exchanger for heating. The refrigerant gas having a high temperature and high pressure passing through the evaporator 10 flows in the direction ⓐ-ⓒ of the fifth three-way valve E to allow the auxiliary heat exchanger 4 to be used in the sub cooler 11, which is a heat exchanger for winter suction gas. Heat exchanged with the low temperature suction refrigerant gas introduced from The sub cooler 11 increases the superheat degree of the low temperature suction refrigerant gas. On the other hand, the refrigerant gas flowing from the fifth three-way valve (E) and passed through the sub cooler 11 passes through the refrigerant line L4 and passes through the collective branch point J to flow along the refrigerant line L6 to the internal heat exchanger (5). Flows into). The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas passing through the internal heat exchanger 5 is maintained at about 31 ° C., which is a critical temperature, and the pressure is maintained at about 72 bar. The refrigerant passes through the first pressure regulating valve 7 and has a pressure of 45 bar or less in a subcritical state and the temperature is changed to about 10 ° C. At this time, the changed refrigerant liquid is to maintain a certain amount in the refrigerant tank (8). The pressure in the coolant tank 8 is controlled by the second pressure control valve 9. The second pressure regulating valve 9 introduces the gaseous refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 8 into the internal heat exchanger 5 through the collective branch point O through the refrigerant line L8. In this process, the first pressure regulating valve 7 and the second pressure regulating valve 9 are separated from the first temperature sensor 21, the first pressure sensor 22, and the second pressure sensor 6. The valve controller 17 precisely controls based on the input value. The valve controller 17 can be operated automatically or manually as described above.

In this process, the coolant liquid in the subcritical state of the coolant tank 8 flows in the direction of the coolant line L2 at the collective branch point K, and passes through the solenoid valve and the expansion valve 16 to be phase-changed into the low-temperature low-pressure wet steam. Subsequently, the refrigerant moves in the direction ⓒ-ⓐ of the fourth three-way valve D and is cooled by the auxiliary heat exchanger 10, and then the high temperature and high pressure is greater than or equal to a critical point at which the sub cooler 11 completes heating in the evaporator 10. Heat exchange with refrigerant gas of In the sub cooler (11), the heat exchange is performed between the high temperature refrigerant and the low temperature refrigerant, and the low temperature refrigerant is introduced into the gas-liquid separator (12) to separate the gas and the liquid after the superheat rises. Flows into). At this time, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas introduced from the refrigerant line L4 flows into the internal heat exchanger 5 along the refrigerant line L6 at the collective branch point J. Therefore, the refrigerant gas of low temperature in the internal heat exchanger (5) is introduced into the compressor (1) due to the increase in superheat. At this time, the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) may be performed by applying an electric heater method or hot water spray method or an instant heating cycle when frost occurs in winter.

The hot water supply cycle will now be described with reference to FIG. 4. In the compressor (1), a refrigerant having a supercritical pressure of 100 bar or more and a temperature of 130 ° C. or more is produced. The refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 moves in the direction ⓐ-ⓑ at the first three-way valve A and moves in the direction ⓐ-ⓑ at the second three-way valve B so that the heat exchanger for generating hot water is generated (2 Flows into). At this time, the hot water circulation pump 13 operates to circulate the water in the hot water tank 3 to the heat exchanger 2 for producing hot water so that heat is transferred from the refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure to water to produce hot water for hot water supply. . Control of such a hot water supply system is possible by the temperature controller 19 for hot water control installed in the hot water tank 3. At this time, the refrigerant gas above the critical point after the production of hot water passes through the refrigerant line L6 at the collective branch point J through the refrigerant line L3 and flows into the internal heat exchanger 5. The refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the internal heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the refrigerant gas of low temperature and low pressure introduced from the auxiliary heat exchanger 4 to increase the superheat degree of the refrigerant gas of low temperature and low pressure. The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the internal heat exchanger 5 is maintained at about 31 ° C., which is a critical temperature, and the pressure is maintained at about 72 bar, which is a critical pressure. The refrigerant gas having a high temperature and high pressure passes through the first pressure regulating valve 7, and the refrigerant pressure changes to a subcritical state having a temperature of 45 bar or less and a temperature of 10 ° C. or less. The refrigerant passing through the first pressure control valve 7 is maintained in a predetermined amount in the refrigerant tank (8). The pressure of the refrigerant tank 8 is constantly controlled by the first pressure control valve 7 and the second pressure control valve 9. In this process, the first pressure regulating valve 7 and the second pressure regulating valve 9 are formed of the first temperature sensor 21, the first pressure sensor 22, and the second pressure sensor 6. It is precisely controlled by the valve controller 17 based on the measured value. As described above, the valve controller 17 can be operated automatically or manually. In addition, the coolant liquid stored in the coolant tank 8 moves in the direction of the coolant line L2 at the collective branch point K, and passes through the solenoid valve and the expansion valve 16 to change into a low-temperature low-pressure wet saturated vapor state. Low temperature low pressure wet and vapor refrigerant moves in the direction ⓒ-ⓐ in the third three-way valve (D) to exchange heat with external air forcedly circulated in the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) to absorb the heat of the atmosphere to evaporate the process. To complete. The low temperature refrigerant passing through the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) moves in the direction of ⓐ-ⓒ at the third three-way valve (C) and passes through the sub cooler (11), which is a winter intake gas compensation heat exchanger, in the gas-liquid separator (12). The refrigerant is separated into a gas and a liquid, and the liquid refrigerant is re-evaporated by the expansion valve 23 and then flows into the internal heat exchanger 5 as gas. In the internal heat exchanger (5), heat exchange occurs between the supercritical refrigerant and the low pressure refrigerant gas introduced through the refrigerant line L3, the junction junction J, and the aeration line L6. The low temperature low pressure refrigerant passing through the internal heat exchanger (5) flows into the compressor (1) with an increased degree of superheat. Defrosting of the auxiliary heat exchanger (4) during the winter in this cycle can be carried out by applying an electric heater method, hot water spray method or instant heating cycle as described above.

As described above, the air conditioning system according to the present invention has a great effect in preventing global warming by employing carbon dioxide, which is a natural refrigerant, as a refrigerant using the principle of a heat pump. In addition, the first pressure control valve (7), the second pressure control valve (9) and the refrigerant tank (8), which are the key components of the present invention, change thermal efficiency by changing the refrigerant in a supercritical state into a refrigerant in a predetermined subcritical state. Provide significant improvement. In addition, the first pressure regulating valve 7, the second pressure regulating valve 9 and the refrigerant tank 8 are supercritical by being precisely controlled by a valve controller 17 which can be controlled by automatic manual operation. It is effective to effectively convert the refrigerant of the sub-critical state into the refrigerant.

Components having no identification code or detailed description of components shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 may be easily understood by those skilled in the art.

The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various forms of embodiments may be embodied without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling and hot water cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG.

3 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the heating cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG.

4 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the hot water supply cycle operation in the system configuration shown in FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: compressor 2: heat exchanger for generating hot water

3: hot water tank 4: auxiliary heat exchanger

5: internal heat exchanger 6: second pressure sensor

7: first pressure control valve 8: refrigerant tank

9: second pressure control valve 10: evaporator

11: sub cooler 12: gas-liquid separator

13: hot water circulation pump 14: spray pump

15,16: expansion valve 17: valve controller

18: second temperature sensor 19: temperature controller for hot water control

20: spray nozzle 21: the first temperature sensor

22: first pressure sensor 23: expansion valve

A: first three-way valve B: third three-way valve

C: 4th three-way valve D: 5th three-way valve

E: 2nd three-way valve

J, K, M, O: Junction Junction

L1, L2, L3, L5, L6, L7, L8: refrigerant flow path

100: refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system

110: first heat exchange module

120: second heat exchange module

Claims (5)

A compressor for compressing a refrigerant made of carbon dioxide into a high temperature and high pressure state of a supercritical state; A first heat exchange module configured to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant introduced from the compressor and an external heat source; An internal heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant introduced from the first heat exchange module and the refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module described later; A first pressure regulating valve for converting a state of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchange module and passing through the internal heat exchanger from a supercritical state to a subcritical state; Refrigerant tank for storing the liquid refrigerant flowing from the first pressure control valve; A second pressure regulating valve installed on the refrigerant flow path flowing from the refrigerant tank to the internal exchanger to selectively discharge the gaseous refrigerant present in the refrigerant tank to constantly regulate the pressure in the refrigerant tank; An expansion valve for converting the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure wetted vapor state by introducing a liquid refrigerant from the refrigerant tank and adiabatic expansion; And And a second heat exchange module configured to heat-exchange the refrigerant in a low-temperature low-pressure wetted vapor state introduced from the expansion valve with an external heat source. The refrigerant introduced from the second heat exchange module passes through the internal heat exchanger and circulates to the compressor. The refrigerant, refrigeration and cooling using natural refrigerant, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system. The method of claim 1, A first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor installed on the refrigerant flow path flowing from the first heat exchange module to the internal heat exchanger and measuring the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant, respectively; A second pressure sensor measuring a pressure of the refrigerant tank; And A valve controller configured to control the opening and closing of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve by receiving measurement values of the first temperature sensor, the first pressure sensor, and the second pressure sensor; Refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling using natural refrigerant, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system comprising a. The method of claim 1, The first heat exchange module is a refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling using natural refrigerant, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system, characterized in that it comprises a hot water system for generating hot water by heat exchange with water introduced from the external hot water tank. The method of claim 1, The first heat exchange module is a refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling using a natural refrigerant, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system, characterized in that it comprises a heating system for heating the outside air by heat exchange with the outside air. The method of claim 1, The second heat exchange module is a refrigeration, refrigeration and cooling using natural refrigerant, heating, hot water integrated air conditioning system, characterized in that it comprises a cooling system for cooling the outside air by heat exchange with the outside air.

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