KR100949458B1 - Method for Manufacturing Ceramic Dental Abutment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dental ceramic upper structure which improves workability and matching with artificial teeth by implementing an angular tapered shape of an artificial tooth matching portion that is matched with an artificial tooth in a ceramic upper structure used in a dental implant.

The dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention is made of a ceramic material, the upper portion is formed with an artificial tooth matching portion that is matched with an artificial tooth, the lower portion of the artificial tooth fitting portion is connected to the fixture is inserted into the fixture integrally with the artificial tooth connection The artificial tooth matching portion is formed in an angular tapered shape whose circumference becomes smaller toward the upper portion, and a through hole into which the fixing screw is inserted by vertically penetrating the artificial tooth matching portion and the fixture connection portion is formed.

In the above configuration, it is preferable that a coupling groove is further formed to ensure engagement with the artificial tooth across the circumference of the artificial tooth registration portion.

On the other hand, the angular tapered shape of the artificial tooth mating portion is formed by a planar grinding process, the through hole may be formed by a mold having an inner core.

Dentistry, Superstructures, Abutments, Coping, Stabilized Zirconia, CAD / CAM Blocks, Full Ceramic

Description

Method for Manufacturing Ceramic Ceramic Superstructure {Method for Manufacturing Ceramic Dental Abutment}

The present invention relates to a dental ceramic upper structure, and in particular, in the ceramic upper structure used for dental implants by forming an angular tapered portion that matches the artificial teeth in the dental ceramic upper structure to improve workability and matching with artificial teeth It is about a structure.

Dental implants generally refer to the replacement of the missing natural tooth itself or a screw-shaped artificial tooth fixture to the alveolar bone to fuse with the bone for a period of time and then to the abutment on it. It refers to a dental procedure that restores the original function of teeth by fixing prostheses such as abutments (upper structures) and artificial teeth.

When one natural tooth is damaged in the dental implant procedure, a single artificial tooth that replaces it is called a crown method, and two or more adjacent natural teeth are simultaneously damaged or interposed between normal natural teeth. If two or more natural teeth are damaged at the same time, two or more artificial teeth that replace them are connected to each other and the one-piece prosthesis is called a bridge method.

1 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a conventional crown implant structure. As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional implant structure for a crown is largely composed of a fixture 10, an upper structure 20, and a fixing screw 30. In the above-described configuration, according to the coupling form of the fixture 10 and the upper structure 20 may be classified into an external type and an internal type, the cross section of the coupling portion of the upper structure 20 is external The shape exposed to the shape is called the outer shape, and the shape of the coupling section hidden inside is called the inner shape. This classification is a configuration and function is substantially the same as the difference in shape, but Fig. 1 shows an implant structure for the crown of the cabinet.

First, the fixture 10 is directly embedded in the alveolar bone (jawbone) to perform a kind of pillar, the outer peripheral surface of the body is formed with a screw thread 11 is screwed into the alveolar bone, the top of the hexagon head 13 Is formed, the fastening groove 15 is formed in the vertical direction inside the center of the head (13). At this time, the fixing screw 30 is fastened in the form of fixing the upper structure 20 to the fixture 10 to the fastening groove 15 of the upper portion of the fixture (10).

Next, the upper structure 20 is to serve as a support for mounting the artificial teeth, the lower portion of the hexagonal guide groove 21 that is opposed to the hexagon head 13 of the fixture 10; The groove portion 'is formed, and a through hole 23 is formed in the upper portion to guide the fixing screw 30 to penetrate in the vertical direction. The upper portion of the upper structure 20 (hereinafter referred to as 'artificial tooth matching portion') is also formed in a conical shape whose outer diameter decreases toward the top in consideration of the coherence with the artificial tooth. However, the upper structure 20 is a symmetric (straight) shape or the asymmetrical (symmetrical) form of the artificial tooth registration portion symmetry when the reference to the vertical line in consideration of the diversity of the angle between the alveolar bone and the artificial tooth It can be produced as.

Finally, the fixing screw 30 is formed in the head of the driver slot groove of the straight or cross-shaped or hexagonal wrench groove (not shown) is formed.

Referring to the conventional crown implant procedure having the above-described structure, first screw the fixture 10 in the alveolar bone (jawbone), wherein the alveolar bone is already made hole processing of a degree smaller than the outer diameter of the fixture 10 It is a state. Next, the upper structure 20 is inserted into the upper portion of the fixture 10. Accordingly, the hexagonal head 13 on the upper portion of the fixture 10 and the hexagonal groove portion 21 inside the lower portion of the upper structure 20 are matched with each other. The upper structure 20 inserted into the upper portion of the fixture 10 is not rotated.

Next, a female thread formed in the inner diameter portion of the fastening groove 15 of the fixture 10 in which the screw thread of the fixing screw 30 is inserted into the through hole 23 of the upper structure 20. By screwing with and to achieve a fully coupled state to prevent the separation of the fixture 10 and the upper structure (20).

In this way, while the implant consisting of the fixture 10, the upper structure 20 and the fixing screw 30 is fixed to the alveolar bone, the artificial tooth is joined to the artificial tooth fitting of the upper structure 20 to damage the patient. Permanent teeth are implanted with artificial teeth.

On the other hand, metal is conventionally used as the upper structure, but recently, in consideration of aesthetics, ceramic (ceramic) materials, especially zirconia having a color similar to natural teeth, have been in the spotlight. However, when manufacturing a dental upper structure from a ceramic material, there is a problem that the workability is not as good as the metal and the production yield is low due to the high strength and high hardness of the ceramic material. Further, when machining the upper part of the upper structure, the outer diameter grinding should be carried out using a diamond electrodeposition wheel. In the case of an asymmetric cone shape, the grinding surface is not constant because of the asymmetry in the shape of the electrodeposition wheel so that the cutting resistance is locally applied during the machining. Since the risk of fracture of the electrodeposition wheel is increased and the cutting depth and the feed rate cannot be increased, there is a problem in that the machining takes a long time.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, dental implants to improve the machinability and coherence with the artificial teeth by implementing the angular tapered shape of the artificial tooth matching portion that is matched with the artificial teeth in the ceramic upper structure used in the dental implant An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic upper structure.

The dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention for achieving the above object is made of a ceramic material, the upper portion is formed with an artificial tooth matching portion that is matched with an artificial tooth, the lower portion of the artificial tooth matching portion is connected to the fixture is inserted into the fixture It is formed integrally with the artificial tooth connection portion, the artificial tooth matching portion is formed in an angular tapered shape that the circumference becomes less toward the upper, and the fixing screw is inserted through the artificial tooth matching portion and the fixture connection vertically Through holes are formed.

In the above configuration, it is preferable that a coupling groove is further formed to ensure engagement with the artificial tooth across the circumference of the artificial tooth registration portion.

On the other hand, the angular tapered shape of the artificial tooth mating portion is formed by a planar grinding process, the through hole may be formed by a mold having an inner core.

According to the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention, by implementing the artificial tooth matching portion in an angular tapered shape, it can be easily manufactured by simple plane grinding to reduce the risk of fracture of the diamond electrodeposition wheel, and further increase its cutting depth and feed rate. As a result, machining time can be significantly reduced. In addition, by implementing the upper structure in an angular tapered shape can be further improved the coherence with artificial teeth.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention.

2 is an exploded perspective view showing an implant structure adopting an external dental ceramic upper structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views before and after fastening the fixing screw in FIG. 2, respectively. 2 and 3, reference numeral 100 denotes a fixture, 102, 104 and 106 denote a male thread portion, a connector seating portion and a female threaded portion of the fixture 100, respectively, and 108 denotes a connector seating portion 104 and a female screw portion ( 106 represents a step between. Reference numeral 120 denotes a fixing screw, and 122 and 124 denote its body and head, respectively.

On the other hand, the upper structure 110 of the present invention can be implemented with a ceramic material, preferably stabilized zirconia having a color similar to natural teeth, artificial tooth matching portion 114 and artificial tooth matching is largely matched with artificial teeth It may be formed in the lower portion of the portion 114 is formed integrally with the hexagonal outer cylinder connecting portion 112 is inserted into the connecting portion seating portion 104 formed in the fixture (100). The upper structure 110 having the above-described configuration is formed with a through-hole 116 through which a fixing screw 120 is inserted to securely fix the upper structure 110 inserted into the fixture 100 by penetrating the central portion thereof longitudinally. have. The through hole 116 again includes a small diameter portion 116b inserted into the body portion 122 of the fixing screw 120 and a large diameter portion 116a inserted by the head portion 124 of the fixing screw 120. However, the stepped portion 116c is formed between the small diameter portion 116b and the large diameter portion 116a in which the head 124 of the fixing screw 120 is located.

Next, the outer surface of the artificial tooth matching portion 114 may be made of a polygonal shape, for example, hexagonal to octagonal, and a tapered shape (hereinafter referred to as an 'angular tapered shape') in which the length of the circumference thereof becomes smaller toward the top. In this way, it is possible to grind the plane during machining and to improve the coherence with the artificial tooth during the procedure. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the artificial tooth matching unit 114 has an asymmetrical shape that is asymmetrical with respect to its center line, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, in the present invention, the coupling groove 114a may be further formed around the outer circumferential surface of the artificial tooth matching unit 114 to further improve the coupling with the artificial tooth.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view illustrating an implant structure using a cabinet-type dental ceramic upper structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals are used to designate the same elements as in FIGS. 2 and 3, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In Fig. 4, reference numeral 100 'denotes a fixture, 106' denotes a female screw portion formed in the fixture 100 ', and 104' denotes a hexagonal head formed on the upper portion of the fixture 100 '. On the other hand, reference numerals 110 ', 112' and 116 'represent the upper structure, the hexagonal inner cylinder connection portion and the through hole formed therein, respectively, the fixture 100' under the small diameter portion 116c of the through hole 116 ' Hexagonal groove portion to be inserted into the hexagonal head 104 'is further formed.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of a dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention and a method of manufacturing an artificial tooth matched thereto.

The method for manufacturing the dental ceramic superstructure of the present invention can be made largely including a hollow cylinder manufacturing process, primary outer diameter grinding, primary heat treatment process, precision processing / polishing process and annealing (annealing) process. In the above configuration, the hollow cylinder can be obtained by molding the 3Y-TZP raw material at cold hydrostatic pressure (1000-3000 bar) using a mold having an inner core for forming the through-hole structure shown in Figs. have. At this time, the inner core may be appropriately determined in consideration of the forming and sintering shrinkage of the upper structure.

Here, zirconium (Zr) is a transition metal of the fifth cycle belonging to the titanium group on the periodic table and is an element having extremely high corrosion resistance to acids and alkalis. An oxide of such zirconium is zirconium oxide, commonly called zirconia. 3Y-TZP is Partially Stabilizes Zirconia (PSZ) using 3mol% Y2O3 and is widely used in various fields throughout the industry due to its excellent properties such as high strength, thermal stability and high corrosion resistance.

Next, the outer diameter grinding can be performed primarily on the cylinder thus manufactured, thereby reducing the amount of grinding in the machining and polishing processes after the first heat treatment (sintering) process and the wear of tools, for example diamond electrode wheels. Can be reduced. Here, the straight structure of the symmetrical shape is completed only by this primary outer diameter grinding, whereas further processing is performed in the future in order to double the precision in the case of the angulated shape of the upper structure. / It needs to go through the grinding process more.

Next, the primary heat treatment process of the upper structure may be performed at 1350 ~ 1550 ℃. The precision machining / polishing process can only be applied to asymmetric shapes to improve their precision as described above.

5 is a view for explaining a planar grinding process for the outer surface processing of the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the diamond electrodeposition wheel 200 and the upper structure 110 rotated around a fixed axis to process the dental ceramic upper structure 110 of the present invention into an angular tapered shape. Plane grinding may be performed by semi-automatic and automated operations using a rotatably supporting mechanism, such as a punch molding machine and a sine table 210.

6 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing an artificial tooth that is matched to the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, ceramic artificial tooth manufacturing can be largely divided into a CAD / CAM block processing method (left side of the drawing) and a silver slip casting build-up method (right side of the drawing). The / CAM block processing method is a method of processing the CAD / CAM block 310 made of the angular tapered shape of the upper structure to the tooth shape 314 using the processing equipment, the slip casting manufacturing method is the angular taper of the upper structure The tooth shape is formed by casting a ceramic slip on a stone die 316 having a shape as an inner core.

First, in the CAD / CAM block processing method, the CAD / CAM block 310 is formed through a uniaxial press and a cold hydrostatic press using the inner surface of the upper structure having an angular tapered shape as the inner core 300 as described above. Here, the coping for CAD / CAM machining adjusts the longitudinal shrinkage by equalizing the pressure gradient through cold hydrostatic pressure after uniaxial press. Next, the pre-heat treatment is performed in the 930 ~ 1150 ℃ section for the CAD / CAM block 310 produced in this way. Next, an artificial tooth is manufactured by scanning and programming an artificial tooth shape to be manufactured, and then grinding the outer surface of the artificial tooth on a dedicated device. As described above, in the conventional artificial tooth manufacturing method, internal processing of the artificial tooth is also performed through grinding, but according to the present invention, the internal shape of the artificial tooth has already been omitted in the manufacturing process of the CAD / CAM block, so that the working speed and success rate are excellent. There is an advantage.

Next, the glass penetration coping in the slip casting manufacturing method is made of a heat treatment process to penetrate the glass in the pre-heat-treated porous structure, it is made in a temperature range of 1000 ~ 1300 ℃ in a vacuum atmosphere. After heat treatment is completed, the shape is processed by removing residues using a hand mill.

The dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified in various ways within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

1 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a conventional crown implant structure,

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an implant structure adopting an external dental ceramic upper structure according to an embodiment of the present invention,

3A and 3B are cross-sectional views before and after fastening the fixing screw in FIG. 2, respectively;

4 is an exploded perspective view showing an implant structure employing a cabinet-type dental ceramic upper structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a view for explaining a planar grinding process for the outer surface processing of the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention,

6 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing an artificial tooth that is matched to the dental ceramic upper structure of the present invention.

*** Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing ***

100, 100 ': fixture, 102: male thread,

104: connection seat, 104 ': hexagon head,

106, 106 ': female thread, 108: stepped,

110, 110 ': superstructure, 112: hexagonal outer cylinder,

112 ': hexagonal inner cylinder, 114: artificial tooth registration,

114a: fixing groove, 116, 116 ': through hole,

116a, 116'a: large neck, 116b, 116'b: small neck,

116c, 116'c: stepped, 116d: hexagonal groove,

120: fixing screw, 122: body portion,

124: head, 200: grinding wheel,

210: punch molding machine & sine table, 300: inner core,

310: CAD / CAM block, 312: angled taper geometry,

314: artificial tooth, 316: stone die

Claims (5)

delete delete delete delete An artificial tooth matching portion is formed at an upper portion of the artificial tooth matching portion, and a lower portion of the artificial tooth matching portion is formed with a fixture connection part inserted into the fixture integrally with the artificial tooth matching portion. The dental ceramic upper structure is made of an angular tapered shape is reduced, the through-hole is formed to penetrate the artificial tooth matching portion and the fixture connecting portion vertically to insert the fixing screw, A cylinder manufacturing step of forming a hollow cylinder by molding a 3Y-TZP raw material at a cold hydrostatic pressure using a mold having an inner core for forming the through hole structure; A primary outer diameter grinding process of processing the hollow cylinder manufactured in the cylinder manufacturing process into a symmetrical upper structure; A first heat treatment process of heat-treating the upper structure subjected to the first outer diameter grinding process at 1350-1550 ° C., and The artificial tooth is formed by angularly tapering the upper structure which has undergone the first heat treatment process by using a diamond electrodeposition wheel rotating about a fixed axis and a mechanism for rotatably supporting the upper structure in front, rear, left and right, and rotating. A method of manufacturing a dental ceramic superstructure comprising a precision machining and polishing process to form a mating portion.

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