KR100943419B1 - A method for preparing polymer fibers comprising a phase change material and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polymer fiber comprising a phase change material and its use, and more particularly, a phase change material capable of energy accumulation by latent heat in a polymer fiber using an electrospinning method using a double nozzle. A method for producing a dispersed polymer fiber and its use.

According to the present invention, the polymer serves to protect the phase change material, the phase change material may exhibit thermal performance by phase change at a specific temperature, there is an effect that the supercooling phenomenon is prevented.

Phase change material, polymer, electrospinning, polymer fiber, latent heat storage nonwoven fabric

Description

A method for preparing polymer fibers comprising a phase change material and use according to the present invention

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polymer fiber comprising a phase change material and its use, and more particularly, a phase change material capable of energy accumulation by latent heat in a polymer fiber using an electrospinning method using a double nozzle. A method for producing a dispersed polymer fiber and its use.

As energy resources such as oil and coal are depleted all over the world, many countries have made great efforts to solve energy problems, and research on new energy sources to solve these energy problems has continued in various fields. Has been progressed. However, prior to this, research to increase the efficiency of energy use is urgently required.

In order to increase the efficiency of such energy, it is necessary to develop the efficiency of energy conversion device, energy storage and energy transfer method. In particular, the development of a method of storing energy is urgently needed to resolve the time and place mismatch between the supply and consumption of energy, and the mechanical storage method using kinetic energy and potential energy and the chemical storing energy as a chemical Storage method and heat energy can be divided into storage method using sensible and latent heat without changing the form of energy.

In addition, as an effective method for maximizing energy efficiency, there is a method of adding a new heat transfer medium having a high heat capacity. Research on such a heat transfer medium has been steadily progressed in the past, and recently, many studies have been focused on latent heat storage methods using a phase change material (PCM). Here, the phase change material is a material that absorbs or releases a large amount of heat while the phase changes at a specific temperature without changing the temperature. The heat absorbed or released is called latent heat. The latent heat storage method, which is a method of storing thermal energy using the latent heat, may store more heat per unit volume or weight than the method of storing thermal energy using sensible heat.

In the heat storage method using latent heat, the phase change material generally has a melting temperature of -10 to 60 ° C., and thus, there is a problem in that it is difficult to apply to real life by forming and processing the outflow of phase change material by liquefaction according to temperature change.

In order to overcome the above problems, Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-0018155 discloses a method of preparing microparticles by an emulsion method using a surfactant and then polymerizing a monomer to latent heat storage encapsulation and a tangent spray coater. A method of microencapsulating is disclosed.

In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-0056785 discloses a microcapsule including a nucleating agent to prevent supercooling inside a phase change material in the form of a single core.

However, the capsules prepared by the above methods are generally used through mixing with the structural material, rather than being used alone. When the structural material is incompatible with the capsule, it is difficult to apply due to its poor adhesiveness. There is a problem that additional processes such as dispersion and structure are required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is used as a core by using an electrospinning method using a double nozzle, and a coating layer of an organic polymer is formed thereon.

It is another object of the present invention to manufacture a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric which can solve the problem of adhesion due to the difference in surface properties and problems caused by the increase of the process using the polymer fiber, and to provide a use thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention

Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material; And

It provides a method for producing a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is dispersed therein including spinning the polymer solution and the phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied.

The present invention also provides a polymer fiber prepared according to the method for producing a polymer fiber in which the phase change material is dispersed therein.

The invention also

Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material;

Spinning the polymer solution and the phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied; And

It provides a method for producing a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric comprising the step of forming a fiber web on the collecting surface.

The present invention also provides a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric produced according to the method for producing a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

The present invention also provides a functional fiber material, an energy storage medium, a heat storage material, and a building interior and exterior material including the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric.

The polymer fiber according to the present invention may form and coat a phase change material by forming a coating layer of an organic polymer on the outside of the phase change material by using an electrospinning method.

The latent heat storage nonwoven fabric produced by using the polymer fiber of the present invention is a heat transfer and heat storage medium, which increases the cross-sectional area compared to the total volume according to the nanoscale diameter, thereby expressing the maximum thermal performance as the phase change material changes phase at a specific temperature. You can do that.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the structure of this invention is demonstrated concretely.

The present invention

Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material; And

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a polymer fiber having a phase change material dispersed therein, the method including spinning the polymer solution and a phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied.

The polymer fiber in which the phase change material is dispersed in the inside of the present invention is manufactured through the electrospinning device shown schematically in FIG. 1, and the electrospinning device provides a solution supply device (1) for providing a phase change material, and a polymer solution. Providing a solution supply device (2), a thermostat (3), a solution injection device (4), a collector (5) and a voltage generator (6) for radiating the solutions through a double nozzle,

A thermostat (3) is connected to a tube (7a) connecting the solution supply device (1) for providing the phase change material and the double nozzle to maintain a constant internal temperature of the tube, supplying a solution for providing the phase change material The device 1 is connected to the inner nozzle of the solution injection device 4 through the connection pipe 7a, and the solution supply device 2 for providing the polymer solution is connected to the solution injection device 4 through the connection pipe 7b. Connected to the outer nozzle, when a high voltage is applied by the voltage generator 6, the phase change material is dispersed through the solution sprayer 4, and the polymer fiber having a polymer coating layer formed thereon is radiated to the collector 5 .

Referring to the step of manufacturing a polymer fiber dispersed phase change material in the present invention,

The first step is to prepare a polymer solution and a phase change material to be provided to the solution supply apparatuses 1 and 2, respectively.

The polymer solution is obtained by dissolving the polymer in a solvent. The polymer may be nylon-6, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polyester, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, or polyacrylonitrile. It may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The polymer is preferably included in 5 to 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer solution. If the content is below this range. The outer organic polymer coating layer shows other forms such as particles, but not a uniform fiber shape. If the external organic polymer coating layer is abnormal, the flow of the polymer solution in the connection pipe and the solution injection device is blocked due to viscosity, and thus the fiber is not formed. Therefore, when the content is within this range, it is better to form a phase change material inside the core and to form a coating layer of the organic polymer on the outside thereof.

In addition, the solvent of the polymer solution is not particularly limited, but water, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, or dichloroethane may be used alone or in combination. have.

In addition, as the phase change material, n-octacoic acid, n-heptacoic acid, n-hexacoic acid, n-tetracoic acid, n-tricoic acid, n-docoic acid, n-heneicoic acid, n-acoic acid, n Nonadecane, n-octadecane, n-heptadecane, n-hexadecane, n-pentadecane, n-tetradecane, or n-tridecane can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The second step is to spin the prepared polymer solution and phase change material through a double nozzle to which the voltage of the electrospinning apparatus is applied.

The solution supply devices 1 and 2 are connected to the nozzles inside and outside the solution injection device 4 so that the polymer solution and the phase change material flow through the nozzles, respectively, through the connection pipe 7b. The supply flow rate of the polymer solution is preferably controlled to be 5 to 20 times faster than the supply flow rate of the phase change material so that the phase change material is dispersed inside and a polymer coating layer is formed on the outside thereof.

In addition, the phase change material to maintain the liquid state in order to facilitate the spinning in the solution injection device (4), the tube (7a) connecting the solution supply device (1) and the inner nozzle of the double nozzle the thermostat (3) In order to maintain the internal temperature of the connection pipe (7a) 30 to 60 ℃.

In addition, since the diameter of the polymer fiber of the present invention varies depending on the voltage applied by the voltage generator 6, the diameter of the polymer fiber is preferably 100 nm to 15 μm, more preferably 100 nm to 3 μm. It is preferably from 25 kV.

In addition, the distance between the solution spraying device 4 and the collector is not particularly limited if the distance is set to such an extent that a fiber web can be formed on the collecting surface, but is preferably 10 to 15 cm.

The present invention also relates to a polymer fiber produced according to the method for producing a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is dispersed therein.

In the polymer fiber of the present invention, a phase change material forms a core and an organic polymer forms a coating layer on the outside thereof, and 100 nm according to the type of polymer or phase change material used and the high voltage generated from the voltage generator 6. To 15 μm in diameter. More preferably, the polymer fiber of the present invention is characterized by having a diameter of 100 nm to 3 ㎛. A cross-sectional view of the polymer fiber is shown in FIG.

The invention also

Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material;

Spinning the polymer solution and the phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied; And

It relates to a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric comprising the step of forming a fiber web on the collecting surface.

The polymer fiber in which the phase change material is dispersed in the inside of the electrospinning apparatus sprayed by the solution spraying device 4 is collected in the collector 5 to form a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric by forming a fiber web on the collecting surface. .

The collecting surface may be a dry surface, a wet surface, or a resilient surface, but is not particularly limited.

The present invention also relates to a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric produced according to the method for producing a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

The latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of the present invention is made of a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is dispersed inside and an organic polymer forms a coating layer on the outside thereof, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area compared to the total volume according to the nanoscale diameter as heat transfer and heat storage. The phase change material is characterized by expressing the maximum thermal performance as the phase changes at a specific temperature.

The present invention also relates to a functional fiber material, an energy storage medium, a heat storage material, or a building interior and exterior material including the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric.

Functional fiber materials including the latent heat storage non-woven fabric of the present invention include thermal underwear, thermal diapers, mountaineering clothing, underwear, and gloves.

The energy storage medium including the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of the present invention includes a heat storage tray, a hand stove, and an ice cream packaging material.

The heat storage material including the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of the present invention includes a heat storage material for solar systems, a heat storage material for heating, and a heat storage material for waste heat regeneration.

Building interior and exterior materials including the latent heat storage non-woven fabric of the present invention includes building interior tiles, building interior flooring, building interior ceiling tiles and wall panels.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.

However, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1 Preparation of Polymer Fiber and Latent Heat Storage Nonwoven Fabric

2.5 g of polystyrene (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was added to a mixed solution of 5.625 g of dimethylformamide (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and 1.875 g (weight ratio 3: 1) of tetrahydrofuran (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), A 25 wt% polymer solution was prepared by stirring.

Next, the polymer solution and the liquid n-octadecane (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) at 40 ° C. were respectively connected to the solution supply devices 1 and 2 connected to the outside and the inside of the solution injection device 4, and then 1.0. The flow was constant at a flow rate of mL / h and 0.2 mL / h.

The tube 7a connecting the liquid supplying device 1 connected to the liquid n-octadecane and the double nozzle was connected to the thermostat 3 to maintain the internal temperature at 40 ° C.

Next, a high voltage is applied from the voltage generator 6 connected to the solution injection device 4 to electrospin the polymer solution and the liquid n-octadecane ejected at a constant speed from the solution injection device for one hour. It was.

In the electrospinning process, the distance between the solution spray device and the collector 5 was adjusted to 15 cm, and the voltage was adjusted to 6, 10, 14 kV.

The polymer fibers obtained from the above were measured with an optical microscope (CKX41, Olympus, Japan), and the diameters are shown in FIGS. 3 (a), (b) and (c).

As shown in Figure 3, the diameter of the polymer fiber was 1 to 10㎛ depending on the magnitude of the voltage applied.

In addition, the internal structure of the polymer fiber is shown in Figure 4 measured by transmission electron microscope (JEM-2000EXII, JEOL, Japan).

In addition, the overall shape of the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric obtained from the above is shown in Figure 5 measured using a camera (DSC-T30, Sony, Japan).

<Experimental Example 1> Differential Scanning Calorimetry of Latent Heat Storage Nonwoven Fabric

The differential scanning calorific value of the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric was measured by a differential scanning calorimetry apparatus (Q10, TA Instruments, USA) and shown in FIG. 6.

Figure 6 shows the accumulation and release of heat due to latent heat of the phase change material in the latent heat storage non-woven fabric, it was confirmed that it contains about 18 parts by weight of phase change material.

Example 2

Perform the same method as in Example 1, using a polymer of 1.0g polyacrylonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and 9g of dimethylformamide (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) as a solvent to prepare a 10% by weight polymer solution Used.

In addition, the same n-octadecane as Example 1 was used as the phase change material.

The latent heat storage nonwoven fabric obtained was measured with a scanning electron microscope [JSM-6701F, JEOL, Japan] and the results are shown in FIG. 7.

As shown in FIG. 7, a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric having a diameter of 200 to 1000 nm was obtained.

Example 3

A polymer solution of 10% by weight was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.0 g of nylon-6 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used as a polymer, and 9 g of acetic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used as a solvent. It was.

In addition, the same n-octadecane as Example 1 was used as the phase change material.

As a result, a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric having a diameter of 300 to 1500 nm was obtained.

Example 4

In the same manner as in Example 1, n-nonadecane (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was used as the phase change material.

As a result, a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric having a diameter of 2 to 5 탆 was obtained.

Figure 1 shows a process schematic showing a method for producing a polymer fiber of the present invention.

2 shows a cross-sectional view of the polymer fiber of the present invention.

3 is an optical micrograph of a polymer fiber prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention.

4 is a transmission electron microscope photograph of the polymer fiber prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention.

5 is a photographic view of a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention.

Figure 6 shows a differential scanning calorie graph of the latent heat storage non-woven fabric prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention.

7 is a scanning electron micrograph of a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric prepared according to Example 2 of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: solution supply device for phase change material 2: solution supply device for polymer solution

3: thermostat 4: solution injection device

5: Collector 6: Voltage Generator

7a, 7b: connection pipe to the solution injection device

Claims (17)

Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material; And And discharging the polymer solution and the phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied. The method of claim 1, Polymer is a phase change therein, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of nylon-6, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polyester, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylonitrile A method of making a polymer fiber in which a substance is dispersed. The method of claim 1, The polymer solution is a method for producing a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is dispersed therein, characterized in that containing 5 to 35 parts by weight of the polymer. The method of claim 1, The solvent of the polymer solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of water, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and dichloroethane. A method of making dispersed polymer fibers. The method of claim 1, The phase change material is n-octacoic acid, n-heptacoic acid, n-hexacoic acid, n-tetracoic acid, n-tricoic acid, n-docoic acid, n-heneicoic acid, n-amic acid, n-nonadecan , at least one selected from the group consisting of n-octadecane, n-heptadecane, n-hexadecane, n-pentadecane, n-tetradecane, and n-tridecane, wherein a phase change material is dispersed therein. Method of making polymeric fibers. The method of claim 1, A method of manufacturing a polymer fiber having a phase change material dispersed therein, wherein the supply flow rate of the polymer solution to the solution injection device is 5 to 20 times faster than the supply flow rate of the phase change material. The method of claim 1, Phase change material is a method for producing a polymer fiber dispersed phase change material therein, characterized in that provided to the solution injection device under a temperature condition of 30 to 60 ℃. The method of claim 1, A method of manufacturing a polymer fiber in which a phase change material is dispersed therein, wherein the voltage is 6 to 25 kV. A polymer fiber prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a phase change material is dispersed therein. The method of claim 9, A polymer fiber having a phase change material dispersed therein, wherein the polymer fiber has a diameter of 100 nm to 15 μm. Providing a polymer solution and a phase change material; Spinning the polymer solution and the phase change material through a double nozzle to which a voltage of an electrospinning device is applied; And A method for producing a latent heat storage nonwoven fabric comprising forming a fiber web at a collection surface. The method of claim 11, A latent heat storage nonwoven fabric, characterized in that the collection surface is a dry surface, wet surface, or elastic surface. A latent heat storage nonwoven fabric prepared according to the method of claim 11. A functional fiber material comprising the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of claim 13. An energy storage medium comprising the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of claim 13. The heat storage material containing the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of Claim 13. Building interior and exterior materials comprising the latent heat storage nonwoven fabric of claim 13.

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