KR100942523B1 - Grout admixture using fast curable and expansible admixture and deep grouting method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A grout admixture is provided to enhance injection function, durability, and water-proof and ensure internal expansivity. CONSTITUTION: A grout admixture using a fast-curable and expansible is manufactured by mixing and stirring 35-45 weight% of cement powder, 10-20 weight% of fluidifier, and 35-45 weight% of inorganic expansion material. The cement powder comprises one or more powder selected among calcium sulfoaluminate powder, anhydrous gypsum or alumina mineral powder. The fluidifier comprises one or more mixture selected among naphthalene, melamin or poly carbonic acid.

Description

Grout admixture using fast diameter and expandable admixture and deep grout method using same {Grout admixture using fast curable and expansible admixture and deep grouting method using the same}

The present invention relates to a grout that is carried out for the purpose of increasing the strength of the ground or reducing the permeability, and more specifically, while using a minimum of a desolvable material such as conventional sodium silicate, special silicate, silica sol, in which a leaching phenomenon occurs, , Cementing powder mixture, improves injection performance and durability, ground metering effect and waterproofness, and gives internal expansion to maximize the heat injection performance by expansion pressure to increase injection performance and fill voids in the ground The grout mixture and the deep grout method using the same to improve the quality and the innovative performance.

The ground injection method is a method of infiltrating the injection material into the ground to improve the characteristics of the ground according to the purpose, and its main purpose is to increase the strength of the ground and to reduce the permeability.

This injection method is widely used to prevent damage to adjacent structures by expanding the range of application, securing the effects and stability during construction and suppressing ground subsidence with the development of new injection materials and the development of injection methods. In tunnel construction, the reinforcement and reduction of infiltration flow rate are reduced, and dam construction is mainly used for dam construction.

Currently, research on design and construction technology is insufficient due to the fact that injection method is an auxiliary method in Korea. Up to now, many construction sites that used theoretically and practically ineffective materials such as deterioration of material injection performance, material separation, and cavity formation have been frequently used in our construction sites.In spite of many safety accidents, such inappropriate injection materials are used. This can be said to reduce the quality of construction and the stability of the structure.

In fact, the injection material is injected into the ground and to what degree of ordering, how high the integrity is quantitatively, the durability of the long-lasting effect of the injection effect, and the environmental issues that are social issues these days It is true that discussions on environmental assessment of injection materials have been largely ignored. Indeed, advanced countries such as Japan and Europe have severely restricted the use of injection materials that can contaminate groundwater. And now, the trend of developed countries is to use the injection method as a permanent method instead of using only the concept of auxiliary method.

In addition, the use of excessive water glass-based has emerged problems of durability and environmental pollution.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, while using a minimally dissolvable materials such as sodium silicate, special silicate, silica sol, such as dissolution phenomenon, calcium sulfo aluminate-based powder and anhydrous gypsum and alumina By making a grout mixture formed by mixing a cement powder mixture made of mineral powder, a fluidizing agent and an inorganic expandable material, and using such a mixture to perform deep grouting through a quick injection method or a complete injection method for the target ground,

It is an object of the present invention to provide a grout mixture material using a fast diameter and an expandable mixture material and a deep grout method using the same, which have reasonably overcome the problems of the conventional grout mixture material and the grout method using the same.

The present invention for achieving the above object is provided with a grout mixture material by mixing and stirring 35 to 45% by weight of cement-based powder, 10 to 20% by weight of the fluidizing agent and 35 to 45% by weight of the inorganic expandable material, cement And the water and the water glass is mixed so that the rapid injection is made, or by mixing the cement and water in the grout mixture material is to complete the injection.

The present invention, by using a cement-based powder mixture to increase the injection performance and durability and the ground metering effect and waterproofness, and by providing the internal expandability to maximize the heat injection performance by the expansion pressure to increase the injection properties and fill the voids in the ground tightly As a result, it is possible to reduce construction cost and remarkably shorten construction period by increasing ground support capacity and innovatively increasing order performance.

The terms or words used in this specification and claims are not to be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors can appropriately define the concept of terms in order to explain their invention in the best way. Based on the principle, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The grout mixture material according to the present invention is obtained by mixing and stirring 35 to 45% by weight cement powder, 10 to 20% by weight fluidizing agent and 35 to 45% by weight inorganic expansion material.

At this time, the cement-based powder is composed of any one or more powders selected from calcium sulfo aluminate-based powder or anhydrous gypsum or alumina mineral-based powder, the fluidizing agent is made of any one or more selected from naphthalene-based, melamine-based or polycarboxylic acid-based The inorganic expander is at least one selected from Ca (K) and M (M) and S (S) or Li (O) type limes as CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SO ₄ type expanders. It is made of mixed materials.

Looking at each component of the grout mixture of the present invention made of such a mixture as follows.

First, Calcium Sulfo Aluminate (CSA) is prepared by pulverizing a calcined compound composed mainly of lime, gypsum and bauxite to have an appropriate particle size distribution, and generates calcium sulfo aluminate hydrate by a hydration reaction. The hydration reaction produces a needle crystal called Ettringite (3CaOAl ₂ O ₃ CaSO ₄ 32H ₂ O). The chemical composition of the calcium sulfo aluminate as described above has CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SO ₃ as a main component, and the physical properties of each of the components are different.

In other words, when the CaO portion increases, the expandability becomes strong. When the Al ₂ O ₃ portion increases, the stiffness increases, and when the SO ₃ portion increases, there is a characteristic showing high strength. Accordingly, the present invention is to minimize the dissolution phenomenon by securing the fast hardness and high strength of the grout material by adding an appropriate amount of anhydrous gypsum and alumina mineral powder based on cement and CSA-based powder.

The anhydrous gypsum (hard gypsum) is a major coarse mineral composed of anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO4), which does not have crystallized water and has been converted to a state containing water. And chemically distinct. It is most commonly found in rock salt deposits with gypsum, such as the cover rock of the Texas-Louisiana rock dome.

In addition, the anhydrous gypsum forms aggregates showing fibrotic cleavage, fibrous aggregates, or curved tuberculosis. Like gypsum jade, a varietal produced from the bulino of Lombardy, Italy, it may form fine granules or flaky aggregates. It is one of the most important minerals in evaporated deposits. It also exists in dolomite and limestone, and in veins as gangue minerals. Anhydrous gypsum is used for plaster and cement, and gypsum jade is cut and polished to serve as an ornament. Anhydrous gypsum crystal belongs to the tetragonal system (四方 晶 系).

The alumina mineral powder is very chemically reactive and is used for the purpose of increasing physical strength. Representative alumina minerals include red tin, kaolinite or bauxite, aluminosilicate and mullite minerals.

The fluidizing agent is a kind of a mixing agent for softening cement and cement powder. Since the general fluidizing agent (lignin-based) has a large delay due to the increase in the amount of use, it has a bad effect on the strength improvement. Some of the high-flowing agents or high-performance water reducing agents of Winflo Co., Ltd. (WINPLOW-SP1) or melamine type (e.g. ATEX-301 of Hwajin Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) or polycarboxylic acid (CP-WB of LG Chemical) Even when the amount was used, the effect of delaying the condensation and curing of cement and calcium sulfo aluminate (CSA), anhydrous gypsum and alumina was hardly generated.

The inflating material is an admixture that expands concrete by producing ettringite or calcium hydroxide by hydration when mixed with cement and water, and is usually in the form of a CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SO ₄ type expander. And M type and S type or O type which is a lime-based expansion material. Types and major constituents and the hydration product of such an expansion material are shown in Table 1 below.

In the above table, the K-type expander is composed of calcium sulfate (Calcium sulfoaluminate, 3CaO-3Al ₂ O ₃ -CaSO ₄ ), gypsum (CaSO ₄ ) and calcium oxide (CaO), and reacts with water to produce ettringite. It is known to expand.

S-type inflators are a mixture of tricalcium aluminate (3Ca0-Al ₂ O ₃ ) and gypsum, which, when mixed with water like K, form ettringite, but C ₃ A is a cement-based mineral. This is to produce a clinker with a high content of C ₃ A, and to prepare a large amount of gypsum mixed therewith.

The M-type inflator is a mixture of alumina cement (the main mineral is CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ ) and gypsum, which when mixed with water also produces ettringite.

Type O expanders are produced by hydration of calcium oxide and are known to undergo volumetric expansion with theoretical stoichiometry shrinking to some extent but leaving voids, and the expansion is known to be due to two stages of expansion. That is, it is known that the first expansion when the first fine colloidal calcium hydroxide is produced and it continues to grow into a massive anisotropic hexagonal plate crystal even after it is completely finished.

The grout mixture of the present invention made of a powdery mixture as described above, grouting is performed in parallel with a rapid injection or a complete injection according to the nature, type or lipid of the target ground, if there is a groundwater layer with a high flow velocity in the ground Inject ash to complete the grout to the perforations with the flow stopped.

That is, the rapid injection material and the finished injection material using the grout mixture of the present invention as described above are injected in a state of mixing and stirring with cement and water as shown in the following table, and in the case of the rapid injection material, water glass is mixed. In this case, the complete injection material is composed of only cement, water, and grout mixture, so that the curing time is relatively delayed, but stable expansion hardening is achieved.

That is, in the rapid injection process, as shown in FIG. 1, the cement mixer 110 discharges the cement and the water at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and the grout mixture and the water are 1: in the grout mixer mixer 120. It is allowed to be discharged with a weight ratio of 0.4 so that the mixing and stirring in the secondary mixer 130 so that the weight ratio for these mixed discharges is 9: 1. Subsequently, the mixed agitator generates a pressure through a conventional low pressure injector 140 and transfers the pressure to the injection jet 150. (A liquid)

 In addition, separately from the water glass tank 160 when the water glass is provided to the mixing mixer 170, the mixing mixer 170 is to mix the water glass and water to have a weight ratio of 1: 0.5, such a water glass mixture Another low pressure injector 140 'is to be transferred to the injection injection port 150. (B liquid)

Accordingly, the injection nozzle 150 is to mix the liquid A and liquid B in a weight ratio of 1: 1 and to discharge them to the perforated portion of the ground.

In contrast, in the final injection process, as shown in FIG. 2, the cement mixer 110 causes the cement and water to be discharged in a mixed weight ratio of 1: 1, and the grout mixture mixer 120 supplies the grout mixture. And water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 0.4, and mixed and stirred in a separate secondary mixer 130, but the mixture provided from the cement mixer 110 and the mixture provided from the grout mixture mixer 120 The mixing ratio is 9: 1, so that the pressure is generated through the low pressure injector 140, and the grout material is discharged to the perforation part of the ground through the injection injection hole 150, thereby expanding and quickening by the grout mixture material. And high strength grouting.

When the grouting method of the present invention as described above will be obtained the following actions and effects.

1) Minimization of water glass series

 -As shown in FIG. 3, in general, when the flow velocity in the ground is strong, the conventional method is to inject the fastened grout material to stop the flow, and then to inject the finished grout material to stabilize the ground and stabilize the ground. Soil contaminants caused by long-term dissolution of silicates were used by using water glass-based fasteners (silica sol, special silicic acid, etc.) in both the fastened and finished materials.

However, this method minimizes soil contamination by long-term dissolution of the silicate by using only a small amount of silicate (water glass) in the fastened grout material where the flow velocity is high. This is the difference between the method of ordering, the conventional method was a method of ordering by cement gelation by mixing a large amount of water glass, but the grout method of the present invention is a method of ordering by rapid expansion reaction of the injection material. The grout mixture of the grout method according to the present invention exhibits a rapid expansion reaction by reacting with strong alkalis after a certain time. In addition, when the expansion reaction occurs vigorously by injecting a small amount of water glass into the rapid grout injection portion, an exothermic reaction is accompanied. This heat increases the reactivity of the cement and grout mixture material, resulting in rapid rigidity, which can be more effectively ordered than the method by gelation.

In addition, the order by the expansion reaction is also ordered to the fine pores of the periphery other than the pore portion with the flow rate is more effective than the existing methods to minimize the loss of grout material can be more effective in preventing groundwater contamination.

2) Reduce construction cost and shorten construction period

-The general grout construction should wait until the injection material penetrates after a certain period of time, and then settles by filling the injection material into the ground and refills the injection material, but the method according to the present invention expands and infiltrates when a certain amount of grout material is injected. And the excess expanded portion is expanded up and does not require secondary injection, and the surface is finished, and the injection material is also very economical because the material cost is reduced by the amount of expansion if the grout mixture of the present invention is designed to expand by 10% by volume. will be.

It was confirmed that the grout of the construction completed state using the grout mixture of the present invention as described above has a physical strength as shown in Table 3.

In addition, the results of confirming the soil contamination degree for heavy metal elution according to the grout method according to the present invention are shown in Table 4 below.

As described above, the grout method of the present invention not only obtains a relatively excellent physical strength but also finds no elution for heavy metals polluting the soil.

Such a grout method of the present invention is shown in Table 5 below in comparison with the existing grout method S.G.R (Space Grouting Rocket System) method and L.W (Labiles Water glass) method.

Accordingly, the grout method of the present invention provides internal expandability to maximize the heat injection performance by the expansion pressure to increase the injection properties and fill the voids inside the ground to increase the ground support and innovatively increase the order performance Cost savings, of course, has a feature that can significantly shorten the construction period.

The embodiments described in the present specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, and various equivalents and modifications that may be substituted for them are provided. It should be understood that there may be examples.

1 is a rapid injection block diagram of a grout material according to the present invention

Figure 2 is a complete injection block diagram of the grout material according to the present invention

Figure 3 is a contrast between the grout and the conventional grout according to the present invention

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

110: cement mixer 120: mixing material mixer

130: 2nd mixer 140,140 ': low pressure injector

150 injection nozzle

Claims (6)

It is made by mixing and mixing 35 to 45% by weight cement powder, 10 to 20% by weight fluidizing agent and 35 to 45% by weight inorganic expansion material, The cement powder is composed of any one or more powders selected from calcium sulfo aluminate powder or anhydrous gypsum or alumina mineral powder, The fluidizing agent is composed of any one or more selected from naphthalene-based, melamine-based or polycarboxylic acid-based, The inorganic expander may be at least one selected from a Ca (K) type, an M (M) type, an S (S) type, or an O (O) type that is a lime type expander, which is a CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SO ₄ type expander. A grout mixture using a fast diameter and expandable mixture, characterized in that made of a misc. delete delete delete In the cement mixer, cement and water are discharged in a weight ratio of 1: 1, and in the grout mixer, 35 to 45% by weight of cement powder, 10 to 20% by weight of a fluidizing agent, and 35 to 45% by weight of inorganic expandable material are used. The mixed and stirred grout mixture and water are mixed and discharged at a weight ratio of 1: 0.4, and the mixture is stirred and mixed in the secondary mixer so that the weight ratio to the mixture discharged from these cement mixers and the mixer is 9: 1, followed by mixing and stirring. Water is generated by the low pressure injector to be transferred to the injection nozzle, When water glass is provided to a mixing mixer from a separate water glass tank, the mixing mixer mixes water glass and water in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5, and the water glass mixture is transferred to another injection nozzle through another low pressure injector. Let As the mixture containing the grout mixture and the mixture including the water glass are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1 in the injection nozzle and discharged into the perforated part of the ground, rapid injection is performed. The cement powder is composed of any one or more powders selected from calcium sulfo aluminate powder or anhydrous gypsum or alumina mineral powder, The fluidizing agent is composed of any one or more selected from naphthalene-based, melamine-based or polycarboxylic acid-based, The inorganic expander may be at least one selected from a Ca (K) type, an M (M) type, an S (S) type, or an O (O) type that is a lime type expander, which is a CaO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SO ₄ type expander. Deep grout method using a grout mixture using a fast diameter and expandable mixture characterized in that made of a mixed material. delete

Images