KR100938344B1 - Apparatus for seawater desalting using filtration membrane and reverse osmotic membrane - Google Patents

Apparatus for seawater desalting using filtration membrane and reverse osmotic membrane Download PDF

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KR100938344B1
KR100938344B1 KR1020090054350A KR20090054350A KR100938344B1 KR 100938344 B1 KR100938344 B1 KR 100938344B1 KR 1020090054350 A KR1020090054350 A KR 1020090054350A KR 20090054350 A KR20090054350 A KR 20090054350A KR 100938344 B1 KR100938344 B1 KR 100938344B1
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membrane
reverse osmosis
osmosis membrane
seawater desalination
membrane filtration
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KR1020090054350A
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Korean (ko)
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장해남
이대성
박민구
장은수
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금호산업주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/147—Microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for seawater desalination using a membrane filter device and a reverse osmotic membrane device are provided to maximize efficiency of seawater desalination, and to minimize deterioration of a reverse osmotic membrane. CONSTITUTION: A method for seawater desalination using a membrane filter device and a reverse osmotic membrane device includes a step for seawater desalination using the membrane filter device and the reverse osmotic membrane device and a step for maintenance and management of the devices. The maintenance and management step includes a maintenance and washing process and a neutralizing process(S401) of the membrane filter device, and a sterilization process of the reverse osmotic membrane device.

Description

막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법{Apparatus for seawater desalting using filtration membrane and reverse osmotic membrane}Seawater desalination using membrane filtration and reverse osmosis membranes {Apparatus for seawater desalting using filtration membrane and reverse osmotic membrane}

본 발명은 해수를 원수로 한 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 여과막을 사용한 막여과장치를 전처리 설비로 사용하여 전처리 수질을 향상시킴으로써 역삼투막의 오염을 방지하고 역삼투장치의 생산수 회수율을 향상시키며, 여과막에 대한 유지세정을 통해 여과막의 성능을 유지 및 향상시킴과 함께 염소 중화공정을 통해 잔류염소로 인한 역삼투막의 열화 가능성을 최소화 하고 역삼투막에 대한 살균공정을 통해 역삼투막의 사용수명을 연장시키고 궁극적으로 해수담수화 효율을 극대화시킬 수 있는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device using raw water as water, and more particularly, by using a membrane filtration device using a filtration membrane as a pretreatment facility to prevent contamination of the reverse osmosis membrane. It improves the recovery rate of the production water of the reverse osmosis device, maintains and improves the performance of the filtration membrane through the maintenance and cleaning of the filtration membrane, minimizes the possibility of deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane due to residual chlorine through the chlorine neutralization process, and sterilizes the reverse osmosis membrane. The present invention relates to a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device that can extend the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane and ultimately maximize the seawater desalination efficiency.

최근, 해수를 탈염 처리하여 담수화하는 방법으로 역삼투막을 이용한 해수담수화 공정이 널리 적용되고 있으며, 회수율은 40% 이하 정도로 알려져 있다. 이러한 역삼투막을 이용한 해수담수화 공정은 회수율이 낮아 과대한 취수설비 및 전처리 설비가 요구되어 시설 및 운영에 많은 비용이 소요된다는 단점이 있다. Recently, a desalination process by desalting seawater has been widely applied to the seawater desalination process using a reverse osmosis membrane, and a recovery rate of 40% or less is known. The seawater desalination process using the reverse osmosis membrane has a disadvantage in that a low recovery rate requires an excessive intake and pretreatment facility, and thus requires a lot of costs for the facility and operation.

이와 함께, 역삼투막을 이용한 해수담수화 장치의 운영비 중에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 것 중의 하나가 역삼투막의 교체비용이다. 역삼투막은 막오염(fouling) 등으로 인해 일정 주기로 교체가 필요하기 때문이다. 따라서, 역삼투막의 사용주기를 연장시킬 수 있다면 보다 경제적으로 해수담수화 장치를 운영할 수 있다는 것은 자명하다. In addition, one of the largest portion of the operating cost of the seawater desalination apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane is the replacement cost of the reverse osmosis membrane. Reverse osmosis membranes need to be replaced at regular intervals due to fouling. Therefore, it is obvious that the desalination apparatus can be operated more economically if the use cycle of the reverse osmosis membrane can be extended.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출한 것으로서, 여과막을 사용한 막여과장치를 전처리 설비로 사용하여 전처리 수질을 향상시킴으로써 역삼투막의 오염을 방지하고 역삼투장치의 생산수 회수율을 향상시키며, 여과막에 대한 유지세정을 통해 여과막의 성능을 유지 및 향상시킴과 함께 염소 중화공정을 통해 잔류염소로 인한 역삼투막의 열화 가능성을 최소화 하고 역삼투막에 대한 살균공정을 통해 역삼투막의 사용수명을 연장킴으로써 궁극적으로 해수담수화 효율을 극대화시킬 수 있는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by using a membrane filtration device using a filtration membrane as a pretreatment facility to improve the pre-treatment water quality to prevent contamination of the reverse osmosis membrane and improve the production water recovery rate of the reverse osmosis device, It maintains and improves the performance of the filtration membrane through the maintenance and cleaning of the membrane, and minimizes the possibility of deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane due to residual chlorine through the chlorine neutralization process, and extends the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane by sterilizing the reverse osmosis membrane. The purpose is to provide a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device that can maximize the desalination efficiency.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법은 순차적으로 배치되는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법에 있어서, 막여과장치에 대한 유지세정 및 중화공정과, 역삼투막장치에 대한 살균공정을 포함하여 이루어지며, 상기 유지세정 및 중화공정은 막여과 공정과는 별도로 주기적으로 진행되며, 상기 유지세정 공정은 역세정수에 차아염소산나트륨을 투입하여 막여과장치를 세정하는 것이고, 상기 염소 중화공정은 역세정수에 중아황산나트륨을 투입하여 막여과장치에 잔류하는 염소를 중화시키는 것이며, 상기 살균공정은 상기 막여과장치로부터 상기 역삼투막장치로 공급되는 막여과 처리수를 산성 상태로 조정하여 상기 역삼투막장치에 공급함으로써 역삼투막 및 공급배관에 부착된 미생물을 살균 제거하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The seawater desalination method using the membrane filtration device and the reverse osmosis membrane device according to the present invention for achieving the above object in the seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device that is sequentially disposed, the maintenance and neutralization for the membrane filtration device Process, and the sterilization process for the reverse osmosis membrane device, and the maintenance and neutralization process is periodically performed separately from the membrane filtration process, the maintenance cleaning process is a membrane filtration device by adding sodium hypochlorite to the backwash water The chlorine neutralization process is to neutralize chlorine remaining in the membrane filtration apparatus by adding sodium bisulfite to the backwash water, and the sterilization process is to filter the membrane filtration water supplied from the membrane filtration apparatus to the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus. Reverse osmosis membrane and supply by adjusting to acidic state and supplying to reverse osmosis membrane device Sterilizing and removing microorganisms attached to the pipe.

상기 살균공정은 황산을 상기 처리수에 투입하여 상기 처리수를 산성 상태로 조정하며, 상기 처리수의 pH는 5 이하일 수 있다. 상기 막여과 공정은 급수, 여과, 역세, 배수의 순서로 진행될 수 있다. In the sterilization process, sulfuric acid is added to the treated water to adjust the treated water to an acidic state, and the pH of the treated water may be 5 or less. The membrane filtration process may be performed in the order of water supply, filtration, backwash, and drainage.

또한, 상기 막여과장치는 가압식 중공사 정밀여과막 또는 한외여과막일 수 있으며, 상기 역삼투막장치는, 상기 막여과장치의 처리수를 처리하는 제 1 역삼투막과, 상기 제 1 역삼투막의 농축수를 처리하는 제 2 역삼투막을 포함하여 구성되며, 상기 제 1 역삼투막 및 제 2 역삼투막은 공급유량 및 농축유량 등을 고려하여 복수의 역삼투막이 병렬 배치될 수 있다. The membrane filtration device may be a pressurized hollow fiber microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. The reverse osmosis membrane device may include a first reverse osmosis membrane for treating the treated water of the membrane filtration device and a concentrated water of the first reverse osmosis membrane. 2 includes a reverse osmosis membrane, wherein the first reverse osmosis membrane and the second reverse osmosis membrane may be disposed in parallel in consideration of the supply flow rate and the concentrated flow rate.

본 발명에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법은 다음과 같은 효과가 있다. The seawater desalination method using the membrane filtration device and the reverse osmosis membrane device according to the present invention has the following effects.

여과막을 사용한 막여과장치를 전처리 설비로 사용하여 전처리 수질을 향상시킴으로써 역삼투막의 오염을 방지하고 역삼투장치의 생산수 회수율을 향상시키며, 막여과장치에 대하여 차아염소산나트륨을 이용한 세정공정을 통해 막여과장치의 성능을 안정적으로 유지 및 향상시키고, 중아황산나트륨을 이용한 염소 중화공정을 적용함으로써 잔류염소로 인해 역삼투막이 열화되는 것을 최소화 하고, 이와 함께 역삼투막장치에 대하여 황산 등을 이용한 살균공정을 적용함으로써 미생물 등 에 의한 역삼투막의 오염 방지 및 미생물 살균 제거를 통해 사용수명을 연장시킬 수 있게 된다. Membrane filtration device using filtration membrane is used as a pretreatment facility to improve the pretreatment water quality to prevent contamination of reverse osmosis membrane, improve the recovery rate of production water of reverse osmosis device, and membrane filtration through washing process using sodium hypochlorite for membrane filtration device. By maintaining and improving the performance of the device stably, by applying a chlorine neutralization process using sodium bisulfite to minimize the deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane due to residual chlorine, and by applying a sterilization process using sulfuric acid, etc. to the reverse osmosis membrane device, By preventing the contamination of the reverse osmosis membrane by the microbial sterilization it is possible to extend the service life.

이에 따라, 막여과장치 및 역삼투막에 대한 유지비용을 최소화할 수 있게 되며, 더불어 해수담수화 효율을 극대화할 수 있게 된다. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize the maintenance costs for the membrane filtration device and reverse osmosis membrane, and also to maximize the seawater desalination efficiency.

이하, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법을 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 해수담수화 방법을 설명하기에 앞서, 이를 구현할 장치에 대해서 설명하기로 한다. 도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투장치를 이용한 해수담수화 장치의 구성도이고, 도 2는 역삼투막 장치의 구성도이다. Hereinafter, a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to describing the seawater desalination method according to an embodiment of the present invention, a device for implementing the same will be described. 1 is a block diagram of a seawater desalination device using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram of a reverse osmosis membrane device.

먼저, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투장치를 이용한 해수담수화 장치는 크게 원수조(110), 막여과장치(120), 역삼투막장치(130) 및 약품주입수단(150)의 조합으로 이루어진다. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the seawater desalination apparatus using the membrane filtration apparatus and the reverse osmosis apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is mainly a raw water tank 110, a membrane filtration apparatus 120, a reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 130, and It is made of a combination of the drug injection means (150).

상기 원수조(110)는 담수화 처리대상인 해수를 저장하며, 해수를 상기 막여과장치(120)에 공급하는 역할을 한다. The raw water tank 110 stores the seawater to be desalination treatment, and serves to supply seawater to the membrane filtration device (120).

상기 막여과장치(120)는 상기 원수조(110)로부터 해수를 공급받아 해수 내에 포함되어 있는 탁도 물질, 즉 콜로이드, 유기물, 무기물, 미생물 등을 1차적으로 제거하는 역할을 한다. 상기 막여과장치(120)는 상기 역삼투막장치(130)에 의한 본격적인 해수 담수화 처리 이전에 적용되는 전처리 장치로서, 일 실시예로 가압식 중공사 형태의 정밀여과막(MF, Microfiltration Membrane), 한외여과막(UF, Ultrafiltration Membrane) 등을 사용하여 구성될 수 있다. The membrane filtration device 120 receives seawater from the raw water tank 110 to primarily remove turbidity substances, ie, colloids, organic substances, inorganic substances, microorganisms, and the like contained in the seawater. The membrane filtration device 120 is a pretreatment device that is applied before the seawater desalination treatment by the reverse osmosis membrane device 130, and in one embodiment, a pressure filtration microfiltration membrane (MF, Microfiltration Membrane), an ultrafiltration membrane (UF). , Ultrafiltration Membrane).

상기 역삼투막장치(130)는 상기 막여과장치(120)를 통해 처리된 처리수로부터 염분을 제거하고 담수를 추출, 분리하는 역할을 한다. 생산수 회수율을 극대화하기 위해 상기 역삼투막장치(130)는 도 2에 도시한 바와 같이 2단계의 역삼투 과정을 거치도록 구성할 수 있다. 구체적으로, 제 1 역삼투막(131)과 제 2 역삼투막(132)이 순차적으로 배치되며, 제 1 역삼투막(131)은 상기 막여과장치(120)로부터 공급되는 막여과 처리수를 처리하는 역할을 하며 제 2 역삼투막(132)은 제 1 역삼투막(131) 내의 농축수를 대상으로 역삼투를 진행한다. 이 때, 제 1 역삼투막(131) 및 제 2 역삼투막(132)에 의해 분리된 생산수는 생산수조(140)에 저장되며, 제 2 역삼투의 농축수는 분리, 제거된다. 한편, 상기 제 1 역삼투막(131)과 제 2 역삼투막(132)은 처리효율 배가를 위해 공급수 유량 및 농축수 유량을 고려하여 복수개가 병렬 배치될 수 있으며, 해수의 유입수질을 고려하여 상기 제 1 및 제 2 역삼투막(131)(132)은 고내압성 역삼투막을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. The reverse osmosis membrane device 130 serves to remove salt from the treated water treated through the membrane filtration device 120 and extract and separate fresh water. In order to maximize the production water recovery rate, the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 130 may be configured to undergo a two-stage reverse osmosis process as shown in FIG. 2. In detail, the first reverse osmosis membrane 131 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 132 are sequentially disposed, and the first reverse osmosis membrane 131 serves to process the membrane filtration treated water supplied from the membrane filtration device 120. The second reverse osmosis membrane 132 performs reverse osmosis targeting the concentrated water in the first reverse osmosis membrane 131. At this time, the production water separated by the first reverse osmosis membrane 131 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 132 is stored in the production tank 140, the concentrated water of the second reverse osmosis membrane is separated and removed. On the other hand, the first reverse osmosis membrane 131 and the second reverse osmosis membrane 132 may be arranged in plural in parallel in consideration of the feed water flow rate and the concentrated water flow rate in order to double the treatment efficiency, the first reverse osmosis membrane in consideration of the inflow water quality of the sea water And the second reverse osmosis membrane (131, 132) it is preferable to use a high pressure resistant reverse osmosis membrane.

상기 약품주입수단(150)은 상기 막여과장치(120)의 유지세정 및 중화공정에 사용되는 약품 및 상기 역삼투막장치(130)의 살균공정에 사용되는 약품을 보관하고, 상기 막여과장치(120)의 역세(생산)측 또는 상기 역삼투막장치(130)의 공급측에 주입하는 역할을 한다. 구체적으로, 상기 막여과장치(120)의 유지세정 공정에는 차아염소산나트륨(NaOCl), 중화공정에는 중아황산나트륨(NaHSO3)이 사용되고, 상기 역삼투막장치(130)의 살균공정에는 황산(H2SO4) 등이 사용되는데, 이들 약품을 이용한 유지세정공정, 중화공정 및 살균공정에 대해서는 후술하여 상세히 설명하기로 한다. The chemical injection means 150 stores the chemicals used in the maintenance and neutralization process of the membrane filtration device 120 and the chemicals used in the sterilization process of the reverse osmosis membrane device 130, and the membrane filtration device 120 It serves to inject into the backwashing (production) side or the supply side of the reverse osmosis membrane device (130). Specifically, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is used for the maintenance cleaning process of the membrane filter device 120, sodium bisulfite (NaHSO 3 ) is used for the neutralization process, and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is used for the sterilization process of the reverse osmosis membrane device 130. And the like, and the maintenance cleaning process, the neutralization process and the sterilization process using these chemicals will be described later in detail.

이상, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투장치를 이용한 해수담수화 장치를 설명하였는데, 이를 이용한 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법은 다음과 같다. 도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법을 설명하기 위한 순서도이다. The seawater desalination apparatus using the membrane filtration apparatus and the reverse osmosis apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, and the seawater desalination method using the membrane filtration apparatus and the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention using the same is as follows. same. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

일반적으로, 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법은 크게 막여과장치 및 역삼투장치를 이용한 해수담수화 과정과, 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치에 대한 유지관리 과정으로 이루어지는데, 본 발명은 상기 유지관리 과정에 그 특징이 있으며 이를 통해 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치의 사용수명을 연장함과 동시에 투과성능을 향상시켜 회수율을 극대화함에 그 목적이 있다. In general, the seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device comprises a seawater desalination process using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis device, and a maintenance process for the membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device. Its characteristics are in the management process, and its purpose is to extend the service life of the membrane filtration device and the reverse osmosis membrane device and to improve the permeation performance to maximize the recovery rate.

이를 구현하기 위한 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법은 막여과장치(120)에 대한 유지세정 및 중화공정 그리고 역삼투막장치(130)에 대한 살균공정을 포함하여 이루어진다. The seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device according to an embodiment of the present invention for implementing this includes a maintenance and neutralization process for the membrane filtration device 120 and a sterilization process for the reverse osmosis membrane device 130. Is done.

먼저, 막여과장치(120)에 대한 세정 및 중화공정을 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 막여과장치(120)에 대한 유지세정 및 중화공정은 막여과장치(120)를 이용한 해수 전처리 과정인 막여과 공정과는 별도로 주기적으로 진행된다. 막여과장치(120)를 이용한 해수 전처리 공정, 즉 막여과 공정은 급수, 여과, 역세, 배수의 순서로 진행되는데, 상기 급수는 막여과장치(120)에 해수를 공급하는 것을 의미하며, 상기 여과는 막여과장치(120)를 통해 탁질, 미생물 등의 오염물질을 제거하는 여과 과정을 의미하며, 상기 역세는 역세정수를 이용한 막여과장치(120)의 세정을 의미하며, 상기 배수는 상기 역세 과정에서 사용된 역세정수를 배수하는 것을 의미한다. 이 때, 상기 역세 과정에는 별도의 약품이 사용되지 않고 공기세정을 병행한다. First, looking at the cleaning and neutralization process for the membrane filtration device 120 as follows. The maintenance cleaning and neutralization process for the membrane filter 120 is periodically performed separately from the membrane filtration process, which is a seawater pretreatment process using the membrane filter 120. Seawater pretreatment process using the membrane filtration device 120, that is, the membrane filtration process proceeds in the order of water supply, filtration, backwashing, drainage, the water supply means supplying seawater to the membrane filtration device 120, the filtration Denotes a filtration process for removing contaminants such as turbidity and microorganisms through the membrane filtration device 120, and the backwashing means cleaning of the membrane filtration device 120 using backwash water, and the drainage process of the backwashing process. It means to drain backwash water used in. At this time, in the backwashing process, a separate medicine is not used and air cleaning is performed in parallel.

이와 같은, 막여과 공정이 완료된 상태에서 주기적으로 막여과장치(120)에 대한 유지세정 및 중화공정이 연속으로 진행된다. 구체적으로, 유지세정공정(S301～S303)을 살펴보면 도 3에 도시한 바와 같이, 역세정수에 차아염소산나트륨을 투입(S301) 하여 역세를 실시하고, 상기 막여과장치(120)에 사용된 여과막을 침적(S302)시켜 막오염 물질을 제거한다. 그런 다음, 사용된 약품과 오염물질을 제거하기 위해 역세정수를 배수시킨다(S303). 이 때, 상기 역세정수는 상기 막여과장치(120)에 의해 처리된 처리수 또는 그에 상응하는 수질을 갖는 물이 이용될 수 있다. In the state of completing the membrane filtration process, the periodic cleaning and neutralization process for the membrane filtration device 120 is continuously performed. Specifically, looking at the maintenance cleaning process (S301 ~ S303), as shown in Figure 3, the sodium hypochlorite is added to the backwash water (S301) to perform a backwash, the filtration membrane used in the membrane filter 120 It is deposited (S302) to remove the membrane fouling material. Then, the backwash water is drained to remove the used chemicals and contaminants (S303). At this time, the backwash water may be treated water or the water having a corresponding water quality treated by the membrane filtration device 120.

상기 유지세정공정에서 차아염소산나트륨(NaOCl) 등이 사용됨에 따라 상기 막여과장치(120) 내에는 염소(Cl2) 성분이 필연적으로 잔류하게 되는데, 이와 같은 염소 성분은 역삼투막을 열화시키는 요인 중 하나로 작용한다. 따라서, 염소 성분을 제거하기 위해 중화공정(S304)이 적용된다. As sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or the like is used in the maintenance cleaning process, chlorine (Cl 2 ) component inevitably remains in the membrane filter 120, and such chlorine component is one of the factors that degrade the reverse osmosis membrane. Works. Therefore, the neutralization process (S304) is applied to remove the chlorine component.

막여과장치(120)의 중화공정(S304)은 달리 표현하여 염소의 환원반응이라 일컬을 수 있으며, 구체적으로 중아황산나트륨(NaHSO3)을 막여과장치(120)의 역세정수에 투입(S304)하여 염소와 반응하도록 함으로써 염소의 환원반응을 구현할 수 있다. 이 때, 중아황산나트륨은 상기 차아염소산나트륨과 마찬가지로 상기 약품주입수단(150)으로부터 공급된다. The neutralization process (S304) of the membrane filtration device 120 may be referred to as a reduction reaction of chlorine in other words. Specifically, sodium bisulfite (NaHSO 3 ) is added to the backwash water of the membrane filtration device 120 (S304). By reacting with the chlorine can be achieved. At this time, the sodium bisulfite is supplied from the medicine injection means 150 as in the sodium hypochlorite.

중아황산나트륨에 의한 염소의 환원반응식을 정리하면 다음의 화학반응식과 같다. 한편, 염소의 환원에 요구되는 중아황산나트륨의 농도는 염소대비 1.46배 즉, 염소 1ppm당 중아황산나트륨 1.46ppm이 요구되는데, 완전한 환원반응 및 안정성을 고려하여 염소대비 2∼3배 농도의 중아황산나트륨이 투입되는 것이 바람직하다. The reduction of chlorine by sodium bisulfite is summarized in the following chemical reaction. Meanwhile, the concentration of sodium bisulfite required for the reduction of chlorine is 1.46 times that of chlorine, that is, 1.46 ppm of sodium bisulfite per ppm of chlorine, and sodium bisulfite of 2-3 times the concentration of chlorine is added in consideration of the complete reduction reaction and stability. It is preferable to be.

<화학반응식><Chemical Reaction Formula>

NaHSO3 + H2O + Cl2 → NaHSO4 + 2HClNaHSO 3 + H 2 O + Cl 2 → NaHSO 4 + 2HCl

한편, 상기 중아황산나트륨이 용존된 역세정수는 배수를 통해 배출되며(S305), 잔존 염소 및 막오염 물질의 보다 완벽하고 안전한 제거를 위해 부가적으로 역세정 및 공기세정(S306)(S307)을 실시할 수도 있다. Meanwhile, the backwash water in which sodium bisulfite is dissolved is discharged through drainage (S305), and additionally backwashing and air cleaning (S306) (S307) for more complete and safe removal of residual chlorine and membrane contaminants. You may.

이상, 막여과장치(120)에 대한 유지세정 및 중화공정을 설명하였는데, 이와 같은 유지세정공정 및 중화공정은 막여과 공정이 완료될 때마다 매번 실시하는 것은 바람직하지 않다. 그 이유는, 차아염소산나트륨 등에 의해 막여과장치가 열화될 가능성이 없지 않기 때문이며, 이에 따라 유지세정 및 중화공정은 1～2일에 1회 정도가 적합하며, 현장여건과 막오염 정도에 따라 달라질 수 있다.In the above, the maintenance cleaning and neutralization process for the membrane filtration device 120 has been described. However, the maintenance cleaning process and the neutralization process are not preferable every time the membrane filtration process is completed. The reason is that there is no possibility of deterioration of the membrane filtration device by sodium hypochlorite, etc. Therefore, the maintenance and neutralization process is suitable once or twice a day, depending on the site conditions and the degree of membrane contamination. Can be.

다음으로, 역삼투막장치(130)에 대한 살균공정(도 4의 S401 참조)을 설명하기로 한다. Next, the sterilization process (see S401 of Figure 4) for the reverse osmosis membrane device 130 will be described.

상기 살균공정은 황산(H2SO4) 등을 이용하여 역삼투막 및 역삼투막의 전단에 구비된 배관에 부착되어 있는 세균 등과 같은 미생물을 살균 제거하는 공정이다. 구체적으로, 막여과장치(120)와 역삼투막장치(130)를 연결하는 배관 내에 황산 등의 산을 투입함으로써 배관을 흐르는 막여과 처리수의 pH를 산성 정확히는, 5 이하로 조정하여 역삼투막장치(130)에 공급함으로써 상기 배관 및 역삼투막 상의 미생물을 살균 제거한다. 이 때, 상기 황산 등의 산성 약품은 상기 차아염소산나트륨 및 중아황산나트륨과 마찬가지로 상기 약품주입수단(150)을 통해 공급되며, 1회당 10분～2시간의 범위 내에서 1일～1개월에 1회의 비율로 실시하는 것이 바람직하다. The sterilization process is a process for sterilizing and removing microorganisms such as bacteria attached to the reverse osmosis membrane and the pipes provided at the front end of the reverse osmosis membrane using sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4). Specifically, by introducing an acid such as sulfuric acid into the pipe connecting the membrane filtration device 120 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 130, the pH of the membrane filtration treated water flowing through the pipe is adjusted to an acid value of 5 or less, thereby reverse osmosis membrane device 130 The microorganisms on the pipe and the reverse osmosis membrane are sterilized by being fed to. At this time, the acidic drug such as sulfuric acid is supplied through the drug injection means 150, similar to the sodium hypochlorite and sodium bisulfite, once per day to 1 month in the range of 10 minutes to 2 hours per time It is preferable to carry out in a ratio.

도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치 및 역삼투장치를 이용한 해수담수화 장치의 구성도.1 is a block diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 2는 역삼투막 장치의 구성도. 2 is a block diagram of a reverse osmosis membrane device.

도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 막여과장치에 대한 세정공정 및 중화공정을 설명하기 위한 순서도. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a cleaning process and a neutralization process for a membrane filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 역삼투막장치에 대한 살균공정을 설명하기 위한 참고도. Figure 4 is a reference diagram for explaining the sterilization process for the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110 : 원수조 120 : 막여과장치110: raw water tank 120: membrane filtration device

130 : 역삼투막장치 131 : 제 1 역삼투막130 reverse osmosis membrane device 131 first reverse osmosis membrane

132 : 제 2 역삼투막 140 : 생산수조132: second reverse osmosis membrane 140: production tank

150 : 약품주입수단150: drug injection means

Claims (6)

순차적으로 배치되는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법에 있어서, In the seawater desalination method using a membrane filter device and a reverse osmosis membrane device that is sequentially disposed, 상기 해수담수화 방법은, 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 과정과, 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치에 대한 유지관리 과정으로 구성되며, The seawater desalination method includes a seawater desalination process using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device, and a maintenance process for the membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device. 상기 유지관리 과정은, The maintenance process, 막여과장치에 대한 유지세정공정 및 중화공정;Maintenance and neutralization processes for membrane filters; 역삼투막장치에 대한 살균공정을 포함하여 이루어지며, Including sterilization process for reverse osmosis membrane device, 상기 유지세정공정 및 중화공정은 상기 막여과장치를 이용한 막여과 공정과는 별도로 주기적으로 진행되며, The maintenance cleaning process and the neutralization process are periodically performed separately from the membrane filtration process using the membrane filtration device. 상기 유지세정공정은 역세정수에 차아염소산나트륨을 투입한 다음, 역세정수에 막여과장치를 침적하여 막여과장치를 세정하는 것이며, The maintenance cleaning step is to put the sodium hypochlorite in the backwash water, and then to wash the membrane filter by immersing the membrane filter in the backwash water, 상기 중화공정은 역세정수에 중아황산나트륨을 투입하여 막여과장치에 잔류하는 염소를 중화시키는 것이며, 역세정수에 투입되는 상기 중아황산나트륨의 농도는 염소대비 2∼3배이며, The neutralization step is to neutralize the chlorine remaining in the membrane filtration device by adding sodium bisulfite to the backwash water, the concentration of the sodium bisulfite added to the backwash water is 2-3 times the chlorine, 상기 살균공정은 상기 막여과장치로부터 상기 역삼투막장치로 공급되는 막여과 처리수에 산을 투입하여 산성 상태로 상기 역삼투막장치에 공급함으로써 역삼투막 및 공급배관에 부착된 미생물을 살균 제거하는 것이며, The sterilization process is to sterilize and remove microorganisms attached to the reverse osmosis membrane and the supply pipe by supplying acid to the membrane filtration treated water supplied from the membrane filtration device to the reverse osmosis membrane device and supplying the reverse osmosis membrane device in an acidic state. 상기 <막여과 공정>과 <유지세정공정 및 중화공정>은 순차적으로 반복 진행되며, 상기 <유지세정공정 및 중화공정>은 <막여과 공정>과는 별도로 일정 주기로 간헐적으로 실시되며, The <film filtration process> and <maintenance cleaning process and neutralization process> is repeated in sequence, and the <maintenance cleaning process and neutralization process> are performed intermittently at regular intervals separately from the <film filtration process>. 상기 막여과장치는 상기 가압식 중공사 정밀여과막 또는 한외여과막인 것을 특징으로 하는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법. The membrane filtration device is a seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device, characterized in that the pressurized hollow fiber microfiltration membrane or ultrafiltration membrane. 삭제delete 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 처리수의 pH는 5 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법. The seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device, characterized in that the pH of the treated water is 5 or less. 삭제delete 삭제delete 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 역삼투막장치는, According to claim 1, wherein the reverse osmosis membrane device, 상기 막여과장치의 처리수를 처리하는 제 1 역삼투막과, A first reverse osmosis membrane for treating the treated water of the membrane filter device, 상기 제 1 역삼투막의 농축수를 처리하는 제 2 역삼투막을 포함하여 구성하 는 것을 특징으로 하는 막여과장치 및 역삼투막장치를 이용한 해수담수화 방법. Seawater desalination method using a membrane filtration device and a reverse osmosis membrane device comprising a second reverse osmosis membrane for treating the concentrated water of the first reverse osmosis membrane.
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KR101206618B1 (en) 2010-06-28 2012-11-29 효성굿스프링스 주식회사 Apparatus and Method of Cleaning Reverse Osmosis for Sea Water Desalination
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KR20230039060A (en) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-21 현대건설(주) Water treatment system and Method thereof
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