KR100933642B1 - A reinforcement method and that of structure using very soft ground - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A reinforcement method of a SOFT GROUND for the entering and driving of initial EQUIPMENT and a structure of a reinforcement member are provided to improve entering and driving abilities using a reinforcement member. CONSTITUTION: A reinforcement member comprises a lower fixture, a Styrofoam, an urethane, a geogrid, a geo cell net and an upper fixture. The reinforcing member is inserted to the weak soil foundation like foreshore using a pontoon. Bottom ash or sand is poured on the reinforcing member and hardened evenly. The geo cell net is piled on the reinforcing member and gravel or the thick bottom ash is put inside the geo cell net and hardened evenly. The geo cell net is piled to the top of the reinforcing member and the gravel or the thick bottom ash is put inside the geo cell net and hardened evenly. A through hole is formed on the piled reinforcing member and soft foundation and the sand and gravel is put into. A geo tube filled with the sand and gravel is settled on the top part filled with the sand and gravel. The geo tube supplies the load to the ground to discharge the water.

Description

A reinforcement method and that of structure using very soft ground}

The present invention can smoothly distribute the initial and initial movement of the super soft ground in the case of ultra soft ground, such as tidal flats, such as tidal flats, which is impossible to enter the equipment as well as humans due to the lack of durability of the ultra soft ground. Styrofoam or urethane foam is used, and relates to the reinforcement method of the super soft ground and the structure of the reinforcement for the entry and running of the initial equipment using the reinforcement composed of geocell network so that the load of the equipment can be evenly transmitted.

In general, combustors are defined as residues remaining after the combustion process. In Korea, most of the combustibles are generated from large-scale coal-fired power plants. In addition, they occur in various industrial sites such as steel mills, paper mills, waste incinerators, and cogeneration plants.

The main components of these combustors are SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, which are mainly minerals, but belong to recyclable materials, but they are not impeded to technical applications due to unburnt carbon, uneven granularity and particle size distribution. have.

Generally, the combustion material generation rate of the material to be burned varies depending on each combustion material, but is about 10 to 50% with respect to 100% of the weight before combustion.

Meanwhile, the combustion material is classified into fly ash having a particle size of about 100 μm or less and bottom ash having a particle size of 100 μm or more.

Among these combustors, fly ash has been used in various fields such as cement admixtures, clay substitutes, landfills, land reforming materials, and lightweight aggregates as cement raw materials, and in particular, the use of concrete admixtures and cements as substitute raw materials is widely used. In addition, in the case of bottom ash, there is an example of replacing a part of natural and artificial aggregate used in the manufacture of concrete products, using a part in the manufacture of lightweight construction materials, or using pulverization in a similar field to fly ash, It is very insignificant for sheep.

On the other hand, soft ground is composed of soft soil with low strength and high compressibility due to the nature of the soil, such as clay or silt, and high ground water level, and refers to ground that causes stability and settlement of bodies and structures. The location of the soft ground includes natural grounds such as alluvial deposits deposited in wetlands, lakes, coastal areas, and bends in the plains, and artificial grounds such as landfills and fillets.

However, the soft ground is not simply determined by general ground conditions such as the location, topography, and geological data of the ground, but depends on the characteristics and construction of the soil. Needs to be.

Accordingly, in terms of engineering concept, the definition of soft ground is a ground that requires special treatment in consideration of the size and characteristics of the structure to be built on the target ground, and for this reason, the design and classification criteria of the ordering organization are different. Apply.

In soft soils, dynamic problems such as sedimentation problems, geology, and vibration caused by large compressibility of soil, such as stability problems caused by weak soil shear resistance such as arc activity, foundation support, soil pressure, etc. It has problems with liquefaction caused by load, degree of water, spraying, and permeability problems such as piping.

In order to reduce the residual settlement of the soft ground, to enhance the strength of the ground, to promote consolidation, to prevent liquefaction, and to enhance the surface soil strength, a method using the compaction and consolidation drainage principles is generally used.

Particularly, the drain material is used for sand mat method, vertical drain method, sand compaction pile method, and substitution method, which are the typical methods applying the above principles, and natural sand is generally used as such drain material and PB (plastic Board), textiles, cloth, sponge, etc., but the water drainage due to the weakness of the drainage due to the thickness of the soft layer, the smear effet of the surrounding ground by the equipment and the method used according to the drainage type, or the clogging of the drainage voids. Natural sand is most suitable in consideration of the problem of performance degradation and post-treatment of materials used after construction.

And, sand used as drainage material for soft ground improvement should meet the criteria of permeability, fine powder content, and particle size suitable for soft ground improvement characteristics, unlike sand used for the manufacture of concrete products. If the material that does not meet the above criteria is used as drainage material for soft ground improvement, the expected soft ground improvement effect such as decrease of settlement, increase of ground strength, and consolidation promotion will not be seen, resulting in enormous post-treatment cost and disruption of social overhead capital construction. This will lead to enormous social loss.

Therefore, when ordering construction of each soft ground, considering the above, the specification for drainage materials used in the processing of soft ground will be specified in the specification.

However, in recent years, aggregate collection is limited due to resource depletion and environmental regulations by indiscriminate collection of aggregates, and the demand for sand in general construction works is increasing. It has become very difficult to obtain high quality sand that meets the standards.

In particular, in Korea, the three sides are surrounded by the sea, and the landfill is frequently formed, various soft grounds are generated, and a large amount of soft ground treatment drainage is required. In difficult situations, it can always be said that there is a problem of potential subconstruction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new drainage materials that can replace conventional natural sand in terms of economy, environmental friendliness and effectiveness.

Recently, the coastal reclamation and the construction of industrial parks and roads occupying coastal areas to secure large-scale new ports, new airports, new cities, industrial complexes and agricultural lands have been actively carried out. For this reason, it is difficult to secure landfill soil and actively use dredged soil.

However, the ground created by using dredged landfill and dredged soil arena, even if left for more than 10 years for a long time after dredging, only the surface part is hardened by natural drying, so that the personnel can easily enter and leave the ground without additional surface treatment. It is difficult to enter equipment for improvement.

In general, in such a site, ground improvement is performed after 1 to 2 years of standing, but the construction period and workability are very disadvantageous.

Therefore, in order to improve this, geotextiles are laid on the surface layer, soils are deposited using a super wet paper doser, sand conveyor is applied by belt conveyor or high pressure, the surface solidification method, horizontal vacuum consolidation method, etc. Surface treatment method is applied.

However, when the thickness of the cover is uneven, excessive tensile stress and a large upward pressure are applied, and safety accidents such as dredged landfill in the liquid state instantaneously flow out to the surface or fall or fall of the equipment are caused.

Here, the geotextile method of the surface treatment method exhibits the tensile force of the geotextiles themselves laid on the soft ground to suppress excessive ground deformation and increase the bearing capacity of the ground to improve the trafficability of the equipment. It is a method of reinforcing the ground with geotextiles to secure it.

The above-mentioned geosynthetic method is a surface treatment method that allows geotechnical use of heavy equipment for soil improvement by laying out geosynthetic fibers with manpower on top of naturally dried dredged landfill, and gradually covering high quality soil with small equipment on it. It is the most widely used method and has rich construction experience and track record.

However, the above-mentioned geotextile method has little bending stiffness due to the material properties of geotextiles, which prevents the plastic flow of soft ground during sedimentation and changes vertically in conjunction with the behavior of the ground surface, making it difficult to secure equipment running and stability. .

Therefore, the frictional force between the geosynthetic fiber and the ground is sharply lowered, delaying the expression of the required tensile strength, and the recessed settlement of the fill material occurs locally.

In addition, even when the cover is evenly laid, a step may occur due to the difference in the applied stress in the construction section and the micro-working section during construction of the vertical drainage, which may cause factors such as equipment sinking to prevent safety construction.

Soil covering for surface treatment is mainly distributed equally, so it should be laid in the same thickness to meet geotechnical analysis logic. This is present.

In addition, fatigue stress accumulates in the lower ground in accordance with the repeated operation of the related equipment during the supply and installation of the cover material. Then, plastic flow develops remarkably in the advancing direction of the fill. It can become thick and cause uneven cover.

Among the surface treatment methods described above, the bamboo netting method is a method of suppressing local fracture and irregular settlement when improving soft ground by using mechanical and material advantages of bamboo having high bending stiffness and strong tensile and torsion resistance. This method improves the problems of the surface treatment method using the existing geotextiles that are being constructed prior to landfill improvement, and is economical and secures construction stability.

However, the bamboo net method also takes a lot of time to manufacture the bamboo net, there is a problem in that it is difficult to ensure a uniform quality.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, in the case of ultra-soft ground such as tidal flats, such as the tidal flat that is impossible to enter the equipment as well as people due to the lack of bearing capacity of the initial soft ground can be evenly distributed geogrid and load for reinforcing tensile force Styrofoam or urethane foam is used to facilitate the initial movement of the ultra soft ground, and the reinforcement method of the super soft ground for the entry and running of the initial equipment using the reinforcement composed of the geocell network so that the load of the equipment can be evenly transmitted. And to provide a structure of the reinforcement.

In order to achieve the above object, the step of mounting a flat surface of the lower fixing base having a + -shape on the ground surface of the flat land at regular intervals, and fitting and fastening a rectangular geogrid from the upper portion of the lower fixing;

Placing styrofoam on the geogrid top and pressing the styrofoam to an end of the lower fixture;

Mounting a geocell network consisting of a plurality of quadrilateral forms on top of the styrofoam and then fixing the protruding bar of the lower fixture to the edge of the geocell network;

 Mounting the lower end of the + -shaped upper fixing part to the joint of the styrofoam and pressing it to fix it, but fixing the protruding bar of the upper fixing part to the corner of the geocell network;

A step of lifting the reinforcement completed in the above process into a soft ground such as a tidal flat with a pontoon;

Spraying sand or bottom ash on top of the reinforcing material at 30 cm, then spreading it evenly with the bulldozer equipment and compacting it with the compaction equipment;

After the step of the process for laminating the geocell network on top of the reinforcement for deep drainage step 2 and 3 steps of the same work to put the gravel or coarse bottom ash (10mm) for drainage into the geocell network for drainage Stacking the geocell network on top through the process of compacting as sand or bottom ash for later reinforcement in the geocell network;

Inserting sand and gravel after drilling the laminated reinforcement and the soft ground using a drilling tool for deep ground stability;

The method of reinforcing the super soft ground for the entry and running of the initial equipment, characterized in that the process of draining the water in the ground by applying the loading load using the geotubes sequentially;

A lower fixing rod having a planar shape having a plurality of protruding bars upwardly and having a pointed end formed at an upper end of the protruding bar;

A rectangular geogrid that is fitted and fixed so that the protruding bar protrudes above the lower fixing stand;

Styrofoam is mounted on the geogrid and then penetrated and fixed to the end of the lower fixture;

A rectangular geocell network installed on the upper portion of the styrofoam and installed so that the protruding bar of the lower fixing stand is tightly fixed to the corner portion;

The flat shape is a + -shaped upper and lower points of the protruding bar, respectively, is formed, while the styrofoam fixing the neighboring styrofoam through the joint of the styrofoam, while the protruding bar is in close contact with the edge of the geocell network It provides a structure of the super soft ground reinforcement for the entry and running of the initial equipment, characterized in that it comprises an upper station.

According to the present invention, by replacing some or all of the natural sand with bottom ash generated as an industrial by-product, it is possible to reduce the settlement, increase the ground strength, and promote consolidation while eliminating the use of the relatively expensive and limited collection of natural sand. The improvement effect can be obtained.

In addition, by using the bottom ash, which is an industrial by-product, it is possible to obtain the effect of preserving the natural environment and preventing environmental pollution due to waste recycling.

In particular, in the case of ultra soft ground such as a tidal flat where equipment and people cannot enter due to lack of durability of early soft ground, styrofoam can evenly distribute the geogrid and load for reinforcing tensile strength and smooth the initial movement of super soft ground. Or urethane foam is used, by using the reinforcement of the present invention composed of a geocell network so that the load of the equipment can be evenly transmitted, there is an effect that can significantly improve the entry and runability of the initial equipment.

As described above, in the case of ultra-soft ground such as a tidal flat that is impossible to enter the equipment as well as a person due to the lack of durability of the ultra-soft ground, the geogrid and load for reinforcing tensile force can be evenly distributed. Styrofoam or urethane foam is used to facilitate the initial movement, and the reinforcement method of the super soft ground and the structure of the reinforcement for the entry and running of the initial equipment using the reinforcement composed of the geocell network so that the load of the equipment can be evenly transmitted. It is about.

First, the accompanying drawings in connection with the present invention will be described.

1 is a view schematically showing the ground surface for assembling the reinforcement of the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a structure in which the geogrid is fastened to the lower reinforcement of the present invention, Figure 3 is a styrofoam on the lower fixture of the present invention Figure 4 is a view showing the fastened structure, Figure 4 is a view showing the installation structure of the geocell network and the lower fixing of the present invention, Figure 5 shows the situation of moving to the soft ground by using the puncture of the reinforcement of the present invention. Figure 6 is an exemplary view, Figure 6 is a construction state diagram showing a state in which the reinforcement of the present invention is installed on the soft ground, Figure 7 is an exemplary view showing a step-by-step laminated structure of the present invention, Figure 8 is a step-by-step laminated structure of the present invention 9 is a perspective view showing the unfolding friends of the geocell network of the present invention, Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the folded structure of the geocell network of the present invention, Figure 11 is a lower fixing table of the present invention 12 is a perspective view showing the structure of the upper fixing stand of the present invention, Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of the geotube of the present invention, Figure 14 is a structure of the geotube of the present invention Figure 15 is a partial cutaway view, Figure 15 is a construction cross-sectional view constructed using the present invention, Figure 16 is a partial enlarged view of FIG.

Components of the reinforcing material (A) of the present invention consists of a lower fixing stand 10 and styropole 30 or urethane and geogrid 20, geocell network 40 and the upper fixing stand 50, the bottom material as a buried material You will use aggregates such as ash and gravel.

First, referring to the components of the reinforcing material (A), the lower fixing table 10 of the present invention is a planar shape of a plurality of protrusion bar 11 toward the top in the shape of the + and the top of the protrusion bar 11 The pointed end 111 is formed in the styrofoam 30 to be described later will be installed in several places.

The lower fixture 10 is preferably made of plastic or FRP or reinforced plastics.

In addition, the geogrid 20 of the present invention has a quadrangular shape to which the protrusion bar 11 is fitted so as to protrude to the upper portion of the lower fixing table 10.

In addition, the styrofoam 30 of the present invention is mounted on the top of the geogrid 20 and then penetrated and fixed to the end 111 of the lower fixing stand 10, in addition to the styrofoam 30, urethane foam may also be used.

9 and 10, the geocell network 40 of the present invention is installed on the styrofoam 30, and the protrusion bar 11 of the lower fixing stand 10 is in close contact with the corner 41. It is installed to be fixed and has a square shape and is injection molded from plastic material.

In addition, the upper fixing stand 50 of the present invention has a flat shape in the upper and lower portions of the protruding bar 51 in the + shape, respectively, the upper end 512 and the lower end 511 are formed, respectively, the joint of the styro foam 30 The neighboring styrofoam 30 is fixed through the unit 301, and the protruding bar 51 is in close contact with the edge 41 of the geocell network 40 to support it.

Like the lower fixing table 10, the upper fixing table 50 is preferably made of plastic or FRP or reinforced plastic.

Hereinafter, the reinforcement method of the ultra soft ground using the reinforcement (A) will be described.

That is, the step of mounting the lower surface of the flat surface (100) on the flat surface of the ground plate (10) at regular intervals, and fitting and fastening the rectangular geogrid 20 from the upper portion of the lower platform (10) ( S100);

Placing the styrofoam 30 on the geogrid 20 and pressing and fixing the styrofoam 30 to the end 111 of the lower fixture 10 (S200);

After mounting the geocell network 40 consisting of a plurality of squares on the top of the styrofoam 30 to fix the protrusion bar 11 of the lower fixing table 10 in close contact with the edge portion 41 of the geocell network 40. Step (S300);

The lower end portion 511 of the + -shaped upper stator 50 is mounted on the joint 301 of the styrofoam 30, and then press-through to fix the protruding bar 51 of the upper stirrup 50. A step (S400) of tightly fixing the corners 41 of the upper and lower portions;

A step (S500) of lifting the reinforcing material (A) completed in the above process into a soft ground such as a tidal flat with a pontoon;

After spraying the sand or bottom ash (a) in the upper portion of the reinforcing material (A) by 30cm by the spraying equipment, spreading evenly with the bulldozer equipment and compacting with the compaction equipment (S600);

After stacking the geocell network 40 on top of the reinforcing material (A) for deep water drainage after the step of the step (S600), gravel (b) or coarse bottom ash (10 mm) for drainage in the geocell network 40. After laminating the geocell network 40 at the top through the second step and the three steps of the same operation by the compaction operation to compact as sand or bottom ash (a) for the last reinforcement in the interior of the geocell network 40 Step (S700);

A step of inserting sand and gravel after forming the drilling hole 300 by drilling the laminated reinforcement A and the soft ground using a drilling equipment for deep ground stability;

As shown in Fig. 14, the geotube 60 into which sand is introduced is placed on the upper portion of the sand and gravel into which the sand is loaded, and an upper load is applied to the weight of the geotube. The process of draining the second and third stages in which the aggregate is introduced (S900) is sequentially performed to complete the desired soft ground treatment.

In the above-described process, the surface of the soft ground, that is, installed or sprayed at the bottom of the first stage construction and the fourth stage construction at the top, is made of bottom ash, but natural sand may be used if necessary.

In addition, the specification of the reinforcing material (A) of the present invention is to be produced in the area (50m x 100m) in consideration of the capacity of the sand spreading equipment, the sanding or bottom ash spraying about 30cm in the first stage construction and the fourth stage of the top stage After spreading evenly with the first bulldozer equipment, the compaction equipment (vibration roller 10 ton class) is compacted.

1 shows schematically a surface for assembling the reinforcement of the invention;

Figure 2 is a view showing a structure in which the geogrid is fastened to the lower reinforcement of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view showing a structure in which styrofoam is fastened to the lower reinforcement of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a view showing the installation structure of the geocell network and the lower fixture of the present invention.

5 is an exemplary view showing a situation in which the reinforcement of the present invention to move to the soft ground by using a puntoon.

Figure 6 is a construction state showing a state in which the reinforcement of the present invention is installed on the soft ground.

7 is an exemplary view showing a step-by-step stacked structure of the present invention.

Figure 8 is an exemplary cross-sectional view showing a step-by-step stacked structure of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the unfolding group of the geocell network of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a perspective view showing the folded structure of the geocell network of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of the lower fixture of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the structure of the upper fixing stand of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of the geotube of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a partial cutaway view showing the structure of the geotube of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a construction cross-sectional view constructed using the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a partial enlarged view of E of FIG. 15; FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: lower fixing stand 11: protrusion bar

20: Geogrid 30: Styropol

40: geocell network 41: corner portion

50: upper fixing bar 51: protrusion bar

60: geotube 111: end

200: Puntoon 301: joint

511: lower part 512: upper part

Claims (2)

In the method of reinforcing super soft ground, Mounting the lower surface of the flat surface (100) to the ground surface of the flat land (100) at regular intervals, and fitting and fastening the rectangular geogrid 20 from the upper portion of the lower surface (10) (S100) and; Placing the styrofoam 30 on the geogrid 20 and pressing and fixing the styrofoam 30 to the end 111 of the lower fixture 10 (S200); After mounting the geocell network 40 consisting of a plurality of squares on the top of the styrofoam 30 to fix the protrusion bar 11 of the lower fixing table 10 in close contact with the edge portion 41 of the geocell network 40. Step (S300); The lower end portion 511 of the + -shaped upper stator 50 is mounted on the joint 301 of the styrofoam 30, and then press-through to fix the protruding bar 51 of the upper stirrup 50. A step (S400) of tightly fixing the corners 41 of the upper and lower portions; A step (S500) of lifting the reinforcing material (A) completed by the process (S100, S200, S300, S400) into soft ground such as a tidal flat with a pontoon; Spreading sand or bottom ash on the upper portion of the reinforcing material (A) at 30 cm, and then spreading it evenly with the bulldozer equipment and compacting with the compaction equipment (S600); After stacking the geocell network 40 on top of the reinforcing material (A) for deep water drainage after the step of the process (S600), gravel (b) or coarse bottom ash (10 mm) for drainage in the geocell network 40. After laminating the geocell network 40 at the top through the second step and the three steps of the same operation by the compaction operation to compact as sand or bottom ash (a) for the last reinforcement in the interior of the geocell network 40 Step (S700); A step of inserting sand and gravel after drilling the laminated reinforcement (A) and the soft ground using a drilling equipment for deep ground stability (S800); Reinforcement method of ultra-soft ground for the entry and running of the initial equipment, characterized in that the step (S900) to sequentially drain the water in the ground by applying the load to the geotube 60. In the structure of the super soft ground reinforcement (A) to be constructed by the method of claim 1, a plurality of protruding bar 11 is formed in a planar shape toward the top in a + shape and a sharp end ( 111, the lower fixing base 10 is formed; A rectangular geogrid 20 which is fitted to be fixed so that the protruding bar 11 protrudes above the lower fixing stand 10; Styrofoam 30 is mounted on the geogrid 20 and then penetrated and fixed to the end 111 of the lower fixture 10; A rectangular geocell network 40 installed on the styrofoam 30 and installed so that the protruding bar 11 of the lower fixing stand 10 is tightly fixed to the corner portion 41; The top and bottom of the protruding bar 51 in a planar shape is formed in the upper and lower points 512 and the lower end 511, respectively, while the neighboring styrofoam 30 through the joint 301 of the styrofoam 30 ), While the protruding bar 51 includes an upper fixing stand 50 which is in close contact with and supported by the corner portion 41 of the geocell network 40, premiere for entry and travel of initial equipment. Structure of reinforcement of weak ground.

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