KR100919102B1 - A boiler for pellet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A boiler for pellets is provided to prevent fire due to a boiler for pellets by preventing backfire. CONSTITUTION: A boiler for pellets comprises a pellet storage part and a pellet combustion part. The pellet storage part is supplied with pellets and keeps the pellets. In the pellet combustion part(2), the pellet supplied from the pellet storage part is burnt. The pellet storage part(1) comprises a storage main body, a pellet feed screw part, a metering part, a pellet supply pipe, a ventilation box, and a heating burner. The pellets are stored in the storage main body(11). The pellet feed screw part draws the pallets from the bottom of the storage main body. The metering part is installed at the lower part of a pallet outlet hole and meters the pallet having a bucket rotatably supported by a support pin downwardly. The pellet supply pipe guides the pellet which passes through the metering part to be supplied to the pellet combustion part. The ventilation box supplies the pellet to the pellet combustion part. The blower is arranged on the ventilation box.

Description

Pellet boiler close to complete combustion {A boiler for pellet}

The present invention relates to a pellet boiler close to complete combustion, and more specifically, to use wood pellets as fuel, it has a high-efficiency combustion rate, and when a backfire generated during a power failure or emergency occurs, the backfire is effectively blocked. There is no risk of fire due to backfire, and the blower that blows air to the heating burner operates efficiently to enable efficient combustion of the pellets, and the combustion plate is bent to prevent the fire of the pellets or incomplete combustion. To a close pellet boiler.

Wood-Pellets are widely used in homes and industries, especially in Europe, with high calorific value fuel, through the process of crushing, drying, firing, and cooling wood. It is possible to control precisely, and the emission of carbon dioxide is extremely low compared to other fossil fuels and electricity, so it is possible to minimize environmental pollution. Especially, wood pellets are a renewable fuel source, which is cheaper than bunker C oil, and dust sulfur oxides. Carbon monoxide does not occur and is emerging as a clean fuel.

Pellet boilers that use such pellets as fuel are increasingly being used in areas where city gas is not supplied, such as in rural areas.

However, such a conventional pellet boiler is in the early stages of research and development, and despite the advantages of wood pellets, it is slow to use and already installed pellet boilers are being replaced with other boilers due to the high price of fuel pellets. .

Although such pellet boilers are being used almost 20% of the total boilers in Europe, it is obvious that such pellet boilers have various advantages such as a certain reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide which causes air pollution. In addition, such a pellet boiler has an unreasonable problem, such as extremely dangerous to the occurrence of backfire and difficult to process the residue.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and to provide a boiler for close combustion which is close to combustion that enables the use of pellets at low cost since the occurrence of backfire is prevented to a minimum and combustion which is close to the complete combustion of the pellet is generated. It is.

This object of the present invention includes a pellet storage unit in which pellets are stored and supplied, a pellet combustion unit in which pellets supplied from the pellet storage unit are burned, and the pellet storage unit includes a storage body in which pellets are stored, and the storage unit. A pellet supply screw unit for extracting the pellets from the lower end of the main body, a metering unit for metering pellets supplied from the pellet supply screw unit, a pellet supply tube for guiding the pellets passing through the metering unit to the pellet burner unit; And a blower disposed adjacent to the pellet supply pipe, and a heating burner disposed below the blower, wherein the pellet combustion unit cleans the combustion plate portion and the combustion plate portion for burning the pellets by air supplied from the heating burner. The cleaning brush is achieved by the boiler for pellets close to the complete combustion according to the present invention.

Pellet boilers close to complete combustion according to the present invention almost eliminates the incomplete combustion of the conventional pellets to be burned close to the complete combustion to improve the combustion efficiency and to be recycled as a fertilizer of the combusted ashes, fuel costs of the concentrated farmhouse Excessive fertilizer purchase costs will be reduced, and the occurrence of backfire will be almost prevented, and it will be said that the invention has an excellent effect that can be reduced to such an extent that there is little fear of fire caused by the pellet boiler.

1 is a perspective view of a pellet boiler according to a first embodiment of the present invention

Figure 2 is a schematic front view showing the configuration of the pellet boiler shown in FIG.

Figure 3 is a schematic side view showing the configuration of the pellet storage unit

4 is a perspective view showing the components of the pellet burner shown in FIG.

Figure 5a is a perspective view of the pellet feed screw portion

FIG. 5B is a schematic partial cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 5A

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the metering portion of the pellet studying screw portion

7a and 7b are schematic longitudinal cross-sectional views showing a blower box and pellet burner

8 is a perspective view of an upper portion of the blower box

9 is a perspective view of a heating burner

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1. Pellet storage part 2. Pellet burning part 11. Storage body

12. Pellet supply screw section 13. Metering section 14. Pellet supply pipe

15. Blowing Box 16. Blower 17. Heating Burner

Pellet boiler A according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the pellet storage unit 1 is stored and supplied pellet (F), and in the pellet storage unit (1) Pellet F to be fed includes a pellet burner 2 to be burned.

The pellet storage unit 1 has a storage main body 11 in which the pellets are stored, a pellet supply screw part 12 which draws out the pellets F from the lower end of the storage main body 11, and the pellet supply screw part. A metering unit 13 for measuring the pellets F supplied from (12), and a pellet supply pipe 14 for guiding the pellets F passing through the metering unit 13 to the pellet burner unit 2. ), A blower box 15 in communication with the pellet supply pipe 14, a blower 16 disposed on the blower box 15, and a blower box 15 disposed below the blower 16. Heated burner 17.

The storage body 11 has an inclined bottom surface 111 is formed such that the bottom surface is inclined toward one side.

The pellet feed screw portion 12 is one end of the inclined cylindrical tube 121 is disposed on the bottom surface of the storage body 11, the inclined cylindrical tube 121 is disposed in the conveying screw for conveying the pellet (F) ( 122 and a first motor 123 disposed on the inclined cylindrical tube 121 and rotating the transfer screw 122. The screw blade 122a of the transfer screw 122 is formed in a circular cross section so as to prevent breakage of the pellets F during transportation of the pellets F.

The metering unit 13 is disposed below the pellet drawing hole 121a formed in the upper portion of the inclined cylindrical tube 121. The metering unit 13 detects when the weight of the pellet (F) drawn out through the inclined cylinder tube 121 reaches the set weight and serves to supply it to the pellet burner (2). Therefore, the supply amount of the pellets F can be accurately measured as compared with the conventional method of determining the supply amount of the pellets F by the rotation speed of the first motor 123. The metering unit 13 measures the bucket 131 containing the pellets F, the support pin 132 for supporting the bucket 131, and the weight transmitted by the support pin 132. When it reaches, it consists of a hinge measuring unit 133 to rotate the bucket 131.

The pellet supply pipe 14 is installed to be connected to the upper end of the blower box 151 below the metering unit (13). The pellet supply pipe 14 is formed of a first supply pipe 141 installed below the metering unit 13, a second supply pipe 142 on the top of the blower box 151, and a synthetic resin to prevent fire during flashback. And a third supply pipe 143 which connects the first supply pipe 141 and the second supply pipe 142 and is formed of a synthetic resin that is weak in combustion heat. It is formed in the structure which prevents it from spreading to the part 1. As shown in FIG.

A second supply pipe 142 is installed at an upper portion of the blower box 15, and a first blocking wall 15b having an open pellet inlet 151 communicating with the pellet burner 2 is formed at one side thereof. The second supply pipe 142 and the pellet inlet 151 is in communication with the inlet guide plate 152 in which the pellet (F) is dropped so that the pellet (F) is supplied to the second supply pipe 142 and the pellet inlet 151 It is inclined in between. At the upper portion of the pellet inlet 151 of the first blocking wall 15b, the prevention feet 150 are disposed to prevent the pellets F, which are supplied through the pellet supply pipe 14, from protruding or backfire. The preventive feet 150 are installed to extend the non-combustible seal, but is not limited thereto, and other materials may be used.

The upper surface 15a of the blower box 15 is formed with a first vent hole 153 through which the blowing wind of the blower 16 passes, and includes a portion of the first vent hole 153 and the inclined portion. Second vent holes 155 and 155 'are formed at the upper portion of the guide plate 152 and are blown by the blocking plate 154 horizontally spaced apart from the upper surface 15a. The second vent hole 155 is formed between the blocking plate 154 and the upper surface 15a, the vent hole 155 'is a pellet supply pipe at the lower end of the blower 16 in contact with the upper surface 15a It is open toward the 2nd supply pipe 142 of (14). Below the first vent hole 153, an inclined guide cylinder 156 having an upper portion through which air blown is guided to the heating burner 17 is disposed. The first vent 153 blows most of the wind into the inclined guide tube 156, the second vent 155 blocks the heat of combustion rising to the second supply pipe 142 through the blocking plate 154. At the same time, the combustion heat is returned to the pellet combustion unit 2 again, and the second vent hole 155 'cools the second supply pipe 142 to prevent overheating of the pellet supply pipe 14 to reduce the risk of fire. The blower airflow supplied into the blower box 15 is refluxed in the blower box 15 to ensure smooth combustion of the pellet burner 2 described later.

The second blocking wall 15c of the blower box 15 is provided with an ultraviolet sensor 157 for observing the combustion state of the pellets, and the ultraviolet sensor 157 is provided by a cleaning brush 158 fixed to the top with a string. It will be cleaned. On the second blocking wall 15c, a see-through hole 159 for checking the ignition state of the pellet burner 2 is provided.

On the side wall 15d of the blower box 15, a blower tube 18 communicating with the pellet feeder 14 is installed, and the wind blown from the blower 16 is blown to the upper portion of the pellet feeder screw 12. Cooling the pellet supply pipe 14 while blowing to the pellet supply pipe 14 can prevent the risk of fire.

The blower 16 is installed on the upper surface (15a) of the blower box 15 and blows wind to the blower box (15) disposed below through the first vent hole (153).

The heating burner 17 is disposed in the blower box 15 positioned below the blower 16 and disposed below the inclined guide cylinder 156. The heating burner 17 is a sheath heater is used, and the sheath heater is a heater in which a heating wire is put in the center of the pipe and vacuumed with a powder insulator, and the heating wire is blocked from air, and oxidation does not occur, and temperature control is easy and installation is easy. It is used because it has high stability against vibration and external impact, no insulation deterioration at high temperature, and high mechanical strength. Such a heating burner 17, as shown in Fig. 9, has its inner surface upper surface 17a. ) Is supported in contact with the upper surface 171a of the support bar 171, so that the ignition proceeds quickly because the heated air is shielded from the outside and does not flow out. In the burner used for the conventional pellets, even if the ignition time is fast, it takes about 10 minutes if it is 5 minutes late, but the heating burner 17 of the present invention can be ignited as early as 30 seconds, which is why the heating burner 17 ) Is achieved by the structure supported by the support bar 171 in the air floating state.

The pellet burner 2 adjacent to the pellet storage unit 1 is provided with a pellet burner plate 21 on which pellet F is supplied and combusted. The pellet burner plate 21 is installed in communication with the pellet inlet 151 of the first blocking wall 15b and has a bent shape and has a plurality of vent holes 21a communicating downward. One side of the inclined bent plate portion 211 in contact with the first blocking wall 15b of the pellet burner plate 21 is provided with a hot air guide plate 215 communicating with the heating burner 17. The horizontal portion 212 is disposed adjacent to the inclined bent plate portion 211, and the inclined bent plate portion 213 is formed after the horizontal portion 212, so that the pallet burner plate 21 is bent to be inclined twice. Structure. The bend angle of the inclined bent plate portion 211,213 is 5 ~ 40 °, preferably 10 ~ 20 ° is appropriate.

The combustion platen part 22 is disposed at the lower portion of the pellet burner plate 21 to clean the vent hole 21a of the pellet burner plate 21. The combustion determiner 22 includes a rotating shaft 221, a pin brush 222 attached to the rotating shaft 221, and a synchromotor 223 driving the rotating shaft 221. The synchro motor 223 is rotated in the reverse direction when it is heavily loaded, so that the vent hole 21a can be cleaned while being rotated in the opposite direction even if a load is applied.

Operation of the pellet boiler (A) according to the present invention having such a structure will be described in detail below.

In a state in which the pellets F are contained in the storage body 11, first, the heating burner 17 is preheated to ignite the pellets F. When the pellet feed screw portion 12 is rotated in this state, the pellet (F) is drawn up to the pellet take-out hole (121a) while ascending on the transfer screw 122, the pellet (F) drawn in this way is weighed When collected in the bucket 131 of the unit 13 and the supply weight is reached, the hinge measuring unit 133 rotates the bucket 131 downward to drop the pellet (F) to the lower pellet supply pipe 14 and again Pellet (F) will be contained. The pellet F dropped into the pellet supply pipe 14 passes through the pellet inlet 151 of the blower box 15 and is dropped onto the pellet burner plate 21 of the pellet burner 2 to be combusted. Since the pellet F is inclined by the inclined guide plate 152 upon dropping of the pellet F, the pellet F is dropped on the inclined bent plate portion 213 of the pellet burner plate 21 and again the pellet inlet 151 of the blower box 15. It can be re-injected, but it is blocked by the preventive feet 150 will fall back onto the pellet burner plate (21). In this way, the blower 16 is operated in a state in which pellets F are stacked on the pellet burner plate 21 so that the air heated in the heating burner 17 is blown into the pellets F, and the pellets are ignited. When ignited together, the operation of the heating burner 17 is stopped and other parts continue to operate. When the blower 16 is operated in this state, the wind is blown through the first vent hole 153 and the second vent holes 155 and 155 ', so that the air supplied to the pellet burner plate 21 is mixed and irregular. Since it is supplied, the combustion efficiency of the pellets (F) is to be improved. The pellets F burned as described above operate the boiler installed on the pellet burner 2 and the burned residues can be used as fertilizer.

In this state, when the combustion is completed, the synchro motor 223 is rotated so that the pin brush 222 is rotated so that the aeration hole 21a is penetrated and the pellets of the pellet burner plate 21 are used during the next use. The pores 21a are to be used in communication.

In addition, if the backfire occurs in the pellet burner 2 during use in this way, the inflow of the flame generated during the backfire is first blocked by the prevention feet 150, and the third supply pipe of the pellet supply pipe 14 secondly ( 143 is blocked while being melted and blown from the blower tube 18 communicating with the pellet feeder tube 14 to the pellet feeder 14 while cooling the pellet feeder 14 to prevent the risk of fire. This is the structure in which the occurrence of.

Pellet boiler according to the present invention will be said to be an industrially applicable invention because it is possible to manufacture the same product repeatedly in a general boiler manufacturing plant.

Claims (10)

In a pellet boiler (A) comprising a pellet storage unit (1) in which the pellets (F) are stored and supplied, and a pellet combustion unit (2) in which the pellets (F) supplied from the pellet storage unit (1) are burned. In The pellet boiler A includes a storage main body 11 in which pellets are stored, a pellet supply screw part 12 which draws out the pellets F from the lower end of the storage main body 11, and the pellet supply screw part. Metering unit 13 for measuring the pellet (F) provided with a bucket 131 is installed below the pellet withdrawal hole 121a formed in the upper portion of the (12) is rotatably supported downward by the support pin 132 ), A pellet supply pipe 14 for guiding the pellets F passing through the metering unit 13 to the pellet burner 2, and an inclined guide plate in communication with the pellet supply pipe 14; Blower box 15 for supplying pellets (F) to the pellet burner (2) by the (152), the blower 16 disposed on the blower box 15, and the blower 16 below Including the pellet storage unit 1 including a heating burner 17 disposed below the inclined guide cylinder 156 installed below the first vent hole 153 of the blower box 15 of Pellet boiler, characterized in that The method of claim 1, The pellet burner (2) adjacent to the pellet storage unit (1) is provided with a pellet burner plate 21, the pellet (F) is supplied and burned in the lower portion, the pellet burner plate 21 is the blower box ( It is installed in communication with the opened pellet inlet 151 of the first blocking wall (15b) of the upright state bordering the pellet burning portion (2) of 15) has a bent shape and a plurality of vent holes communicating with the lower ( 21a) is a pellet boiler characterized in that The method of claim 2, One side of the inclined bent plate portion 211 in contact with the first blocking wall 15b of the blower box 15 of the pellet burner plate 21 is provided with a hot air guide plate 215 communicating with the heating burner 17, The horizontal portion 212 is disposed adjacent to the inclined bent plate portion 211, and the inclined bent plate portion 213 is formed after the horizontal portion 212, the pallet burner plate 21 is characterized in that bent twice Pellet Boiler The method of claim 2, The lower part of the pellet burner plate 21 is provided with a combustion plate 22 for cleaning the through-hole 21a of the pellet burner plate 21, the combustion plate 22 is a rotating shaft 221 And a pin brush 222 attached to the rotating shaft 221 and a synchro motor 223 for driving the rotating shaft 221. The method of claim 1, The pellet feed screw portion 12 is one end of the inclined cylindrical tube 121 is disposed on the bottom surface of the storage body 11, the inclined cylindrical tube 121 is disposed in the conveying screw for conveying the pellet (F) ( 122 and a first motor 123 disposed above the inclined cylindrical tube 121 and rotating the transfer screw 122, The metering unit 13 is disposed below the pellet drawing hole 121a formed in the upper portion of the inclined cylindrical tube 121 of the pellet supply screw unit 12, and the metering unit 13 contains pellets F. The bucket 131, the support pin 132 for supporting the bucket 131, and the support pin 132 is rotated when the weight is reached by sensing the weight delivered by the support pin 132, the bucket ( Pellet boiler, characterized in that consisting of a hinge measuring unit 133 for rotating 131 The method of claim 1, The pellet supply pipe 14 is installed to be connected to the upper end of the blower box 151 from below the metering unit 13, the pellet supply pipe 14 is lowered below the metering unit 13 to prevent fire during backfire. The first supply pipe 141 and the second supply pipe 142 on the top of the blower box 151, the synthetic resin and the first supply pipe 141 and the second supply pipe 142 installed in the weak heat of combustion Pellet boiler, characterized in that consisting of a third supply pipe 143 formed of synthetic resin The method of claim 1, The second supply pipe 142 of the pellet supply pipe 14 is installed on the top of the blower box 15, the pellet inlet 151 communicating with the pellet burner (2) is formed on one side of the blower box 15 A first blocking wall 15b is formed, and the inclined guide plate 152 is inclined between the second supply pipe 142 and the pellet inlet 151 so as to communicate with the second supply pipe 142 and the pellet inlet 151. And, the upper portion of the pellet inlet 151 of the first blocking wall (15b) is provided with a prevention foot 150 to prevent the pellet (F) supplied through the pellet supply pipe 14 to protrude or prevent backfire Pellet boiler, characterized in that The method according to claim 1 or 7, The upper surface 15a of the blower box 15 is formed with a first vent hole 153 opened downwardly through which the blower wind of the blower 16 passes, and a part of the first vent hole 153 is formed. Second vent holes 155 and 155 ′ are formed to be blown by the blocking plate 154 extending horizontally from the top of the inclined guide plate 152 to be included, and air blown below the first vent holes 153. The inclined guide cylinder 156, the upper portion of which is guided by the heating burner 17, is disposed, and the first vent hole 153 blows wind into the inclined guide cylinder 156, and the second vent hole ( 155 blocks the combustion heat rising to the second supply pipe 142 through the blocking plate 154 and returns the combustion heat back to the pellet combustion unit 2, and the second vent 155 ′ is the second supply pipe 142. The cooling is opened in the direction of the second supply pipe 142 to prevent overheating of the pellet supply pipe 14 to reduce the risk of fire Boiler for pellets The method of claim 1, On the side wall 15d of the blower box 15, a blower pipe 18 communicating with the pellet feeder pipe 14 is installed so that the air blown from the blower 16 is blown into the pellet feeder pipe 14 and the pellet feeder pipe ( 14) Pellet boiler characterized by cooling The method of claim 1, The heating burner 17 is disposed in the blower box 15 located below the blower 16 and is disposed below the inclined guide cylinder 156, and the heating burner 17 is used by a sheath heater. The heating burner 17 is a pellet boiler characterized in that the upper surface (171a) of the support rod 171 is supported in contact with the upper surface (17a) of the inner surface of the heating burner (17).