KR100897243B1 - A formulation of liquid rare earth fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation prepared by heating the rare earth and urea in a hot water bath, and then mixing distilled water and cooling it to room temperature. There is no environmental pollution since no waste and waste water are generated. Nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner, and the concentration of the stock solution is high, the safety is high, and the absorption efficiency of the crop is high, so that the stems and leaves of the cultivated crops are thickened to increase the growth, and Greatly increased size and quantity. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has the effect of greatly improving the quality.

Rare earth, fertilizer, urea

Description

A Rare Earth Fertilizer Formulation

The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation. More specifically, waste and waste water obtained by heating the rare earth and urea are not generated, so that there is no environmental pollution, and nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner. The present invention relates to a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation having a high, high safety, high absorption rate of crops, and a method for producing the same.

Recently, natural disasters such as drought and flood, abnormal temperature and low temperature due to deterioration of the global environment occur frequently, and the agricultural environment is also deteriorating day by day. Moreover, as the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) and Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations have been carried out with many countries, our farmers are in greater trouble.

As consumers' concern about the importance of the environment and food safety has increased, sustainable and environmental agriculture began to expand in the 1990s to produce quality healthy agricultural products while protecting the environment. However, environmental farming, firstly, is concerned about the deterioration of agricultural production. Therefore, it is difficult to solve food shortages if environmental agriculture is expanded. Second, because organic fertilizers or special natural fertilizers are produced and used without using chemical fertilizers, it is difficult to provide a balanced supply of nutrients required by crops. Third, when a pest occurs, microorganism culture or natural materials have been developed and used in-house, but there is a problem in controlling pests.

On the other hand, the demand for tomatoes is increasing every year as the standard of living improves and imports of major domestic vegetables and vegetables from developed countries are increasing. However, the production of high quality tomatoes is difficult due to the lack of cultivation technology and environmental management. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the production technology of cherry tomatoes with high quality and high quantity and safety to promote national health and expand exports.

The "rare fertilizer" was developed to solve the above problems caused by agriculture, to improve the resistance to bad environment (drought, wet, high temperature, low temperature, etc.) and to improve the quality of agricultural products.

Rare earth is La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Tb, Lu, which are 15 lanthanum based elements on the periodic table of chemical elements, and Y and Sc The 17 natural mineral elements combined together are called rare earths, and among them, the rare earth fertilizer is a product developed mainly from light rare earths that has excellent effects on crop growth and quality improvement.

When extreme weather conditions (abnormal high temperature, low temperature, drought, wet, etc.) or heavy exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, ultraviolet rays, etc., ROS (active oxygen) is generated in the crops, attacking the cells and causing great damage to the crops. Rare earth increases the activity of defensive enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, PPO, etc.) to form a defense against ROS and relieve stress. It also promotes the synthesis of soluble sugars, proteins and amino acids and enhances photosynthetic capacity by increasing chlorophyll content.

In addition, rare earth promotes the metabolism of crops by activating various enzymes to improve their growth. Make it grow strong.

Rare earth fertilizer has the effect of increasing the chlorophyll content of crops to promote photosynthesis and strengthening the stems to prevent shedding. In addition, it is known to increase the yield and quality of crops and improve shelf life by enhancing resistance to various environmental stresses (drought, wet, cold, heat, etc.) and increasing resistance to diseases.

Rare earth is known to improve the yield and quality by promoting plant growth and increasing physiological activity. In particular, in recent years, interest in the production of high-quality clean agricultural products by rare earth is increasing, and the application of rare earth can maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables for a long time, and can improve the disease resistance and reduce the amount of nitrogen nitrate and pesticide residues.

Until now, the rare earth in powder form has been used after dilution with water, and there is a conventional method of the Korean Patent No. 10-0664737 of the present inventors regarding the "a method for increasing yield and quality of agricultural products by rare earth fertilizer". In the above method, the fertilizer composed of rare earth elements for feed crops is diluted with water at a concentration of 20 ppm or 800 ppm, and used for fruit trees, vegetables or rice to increase the appearance rate and the appearance rate of the feed crop seeds. Increasing yields, and also promoting the growth and quality of fruit, vegetables or rice.

However, it is complicated to use in general farmhouses and has a lot of difficulties in transportation and large area spreading. Furthermore, the conventional rare earth fertilizer in powder form is cumbersome because it is diluted by 1,000 to 2,000 times in water, and it is cumbersome for transportation and use, and when the temperature and pH are not matched, sediment is generated and the nozzle of the sprayer is blocked and Absorption rate and the effect | action with respect to the fall were many, and it was difficult to manufacture the concentrate of 100 times or less. Since mass spraying by aircraft is the trend of the future, the current powder rare earth fertilizer is difficult to manufacture the concentrate, so it is impossible to spray the air, so the development of liquid rare earth fertilizer capable of spraying the concentrate was urgently required.

The present inventors have made intensive studies to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and developed a liquid rare earth fertilizer that can be used simply and conveniently in a farmhouse and applied it to foliar tomatoes to affect the growth characteristics, quantity and quality of the cherry tomatoes. The impact was evaluated.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is that waste and waste water does not occur, there is no environmental pollution, can be customized to add nutrients suitable for crops, high concentration of stock solution, high safety, high absorption and utilization rate of crops, easy and convenient at the farm It is to provide a liquid rare earth fertilizer and a method for producing the same can be used easily.

The purpose of the present invention as described above is to prepare a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation by mixing chlorine rare earth and urea, and applied to the crop to analyze the growth characteristics, yield and quality of the crop to shorten the stem of the crop while keeping the stem and leaves firmly This was achieved by increasing the number and weight of the fruit, thereby greatly increasing the yield, and confirming that there was no damage to the plant growth during the growth.

The present invention comprises the steps of preparing a liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution by heating in 30 to 35 parts by weight of rare earth chloride and 65 to 70 parts by weight of urea; 15 to 25 parts by weight of distilled water was added to the obtained liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution, followed by stirring to further prepare a liquid mixture; And cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation.

In addition, the present invention provides a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation having a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of 6 prepared by the above method.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for increasing the yield and quality of the crop, characterized in that the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation is sprayed on the foliar of the crop.

Liquid rare earth fertilizer according to the present invention can be prepared by the reaction apparatus as shown in Figure 1, the external heating vessel 1 is preferably composed of glass, plastic or strong stainless steel container should not cause a chemical reaction, the container Since 2 should be able to withstand heat well, it is preferable to allow the container 1 and 10 cm or more to be filled with water in between. In addition, a spatula is used to knead the material in the container, which uses glass or wood to prevent chemical reactions.

Place container 1 in container 2 and add water to the space between container 1 and container 2. The vessel is heated using a boiler to adjust the water between vessel 1 and vessel 2 to be maintained at 70 ° C.

Then, in the vessel 1, 30 to 35 parts by weight of rare earth RE (Cl) ₃ .6H ₂ O (rare nitrate or other rare earths precipitate in solution), preferably 32 parts by weight and 65 to 70 parts of urea (NH2CONH2). Parts by weight, preferably 67 parts by weight. When the material in the container becomes liquid when heat is generated while maintaining the temperature at 70 ° C (below 70 ° C or less, the reaction between rare earths and urea is slow, and above 70 ° C, which is undesirable because ammonia gas is generated). It is desirable to mix the materials with a spatula to promote the synthesis reaction.

When the synthesis reaction is completed, a liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution in clear liquid form can be obtained.

15 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 20 parts by weight of distilled water, are added to the obtained liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution and further mixed by stirring to prepare a liquid mixture. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation, which was stored in a general container.

The liquid rare earth fertilizer obtained had a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of about 6.

By applying the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation obtained above to crops, the stems of the crops are thickened, the leaves are thickened, the harvested fruit is increased, and the total fruit yield is also increased. In addition, the application of liquid rare earth fertilizer formulations increases the weight of fruit trees, improves sugar content, and greatly increases the hardness of the flesh.

As described above, the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation according to the present invention improves the yield by increasing the number and weight of fruits by shortening the stems of the crops and strengthening the stems and leaves, and does not cause any damage to the plant growth during the growth. The stems and leaves were thickened while the intercalation was shortened, and the plants were healthy and more vigorous, and the fruit size and yield were greatly increased. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of cherry tomatoes.

The liquid rare earth fertilizer according to the present invention does not generate waste and waste water, so there is no environmental pollution, and the nutrients suitable for crops can be added in a customized manner, since the concentration of the stock solution is high, the safety is high, and the absorption and utilization of crops is high, By thickening the stems and leaves of cultivated crops, they grow more vigorously and greatly increase the size and quantity of fruits. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has the effect of greatly improving the quality.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Liquid Rare earth fertilizer  Produce

A liquid rare earth fertilizer was prepared by a heated bath using a reactor shown schematically in FIG. 1.

Rare Chloride RE (Cl) ₃ . 6H₂O was purchased from Dongsung NCT (Yeong-dong, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk), and urea (NH ₂ CONH ₂ ) was purchased from Namhae Chemical (Nakpo-dong, Yeocheon-si, Jeonnam).

First, vessel 1 was placed in vessel 2 and water was placed in the space between vessel 1 and vessel 2. The vessel was heated using a boiler to adjust the water between vessel 1 and vessel 2 to maintain 70 ° C.

Subsequently, 33.5 kg of rare earth and 70 kg of urea were put into the container 1. When the material in the container became liquid with heat and gas, the material was mixed with a spatula for 30 minutes to promote the synthesis reaction to obtain 80 kg of clear liquid.

20 L of distilled water was added to the obtained liquid, followed by stirring for 30 minutes to further prepare a liquid mixture. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation, which was stored in a general container. The liquid rare earth fertilizer obtained had a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.5 g / mL and a pH of about 6.

The physicochemical constituents of liquid rare earth were analyzed by the Comprehensive Analysis Room of the Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University. The results are as follows.

TABLE 1

Components of Liquid Rare Earth (wt%)

Nd La Ce Pr Sm Y Total Rare Earth Content 2.87 13.09 6.83 2.60 0.63 0.35 26.37

The rare earth content of the liquid rare earth was quantified by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF, S4EXPLORER), the general component was AOAC (1995) method, the inorganic material was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Automatic Absorption Spectrophotometer).

TABLE 2

Physicochemical Components of Liquid Rare Earth

ingredient Water soluble boron Water soluble molybdenum arsenic nickel chrome titanium Nitrous acid cadmium content (%) 0.37 0.05 trace trace 0.04 0.005 0.00005 trace

Experimental Example  1: liquid Rare earth  Evaluation of Effect of Fertilizer Treatment on Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato

1. Sowing and test design of test object

Cherry tomato seedlings purchased from Canaan Frog, Jangsu-gun, Jeonbuk, Korea, were planted on April 6, 2007 at the experimental greenhouse of Chonbuk National University. At the interval of 35cm in circumference and 50cm in width, it was divided into untreated, powdered rare earth, and liquid rare earth treated areas.

2. Cultivation and Harvest

Fertilizer management and geodetic removal of the above-mentioned cherry tomatoes were farming practices.

As a control, foliar spray was applied on April 6 with 1,300 times of spraying powder rare earth fertilizer once, and 1,000 times of 2 times and 3 times, respectively, on April 21 and May 10, respectively.

As a treatment tool, the liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution prepared in Example 1 was foliarly sprayed three times at the same time as powder rare earth. Water was supplemented by observing soil moisture conditions, with the first harvest on June 14 and the second harvest on June 28.

3. Determination of Leaf, Stem Thickness, Fruit Sugar and Hardness

The sugar content was measured using a hand refractometer (Atago N-1α, Japan), and the thickness of leaves and stems was measured using a Digimatic Caliper (Mitutoyo, Japan). Hardness was measured by using a physical property meter (Fudoh Rheo Meter, Rheotech, Japan).

TABLE 3

Growth Characteristics of Cherry Tomato

process Average cutting length (cm) Height of the first painting room (cm) 2nd height (cm) Stem Diameter (cm) Leaf thickness (mm) No treatment 5.05a * 18.5 53.8 5.79 0.412 Powder rare earth 4.21b 17.6 44.6 5.86 0.453 Liquid Rare Earth 4.78ab 18.1 52.4 6.24 0.458

*: Means different superscripts in the column (p <0.01)

The average intercution length was shortened by the application of rare earths. The average intercution length of the untreated was 5.05cm, while that of the powder rare earth was 4.21cm and that of the liquid rare earth was 4.78cm, which was the shortest. The heights of the first flowerpots were 17.6 and 18.1 cm in the powder rare earth and liquid rare earth treatments, respectively, compared to 18.5 cm in the untreated area. The height of the second room showed the same trend as the first room. The liquid rare earth treatment made the stem thicker by 7.8% and the leaf thicker by 11.2%. However, there was no statistical significance between treatments because of the large individual differences.

TABLE 4

Quantity of Cherry Tomato

process The first painting room 2nd painting Total Fruit Quantity (g / plant) Harvest fruit Gross weight (g) Harvest fruit Gross weight (g) No treatment 8.1 68.7 7.8 49.7 1,035 Powder rare earth 10.4 82.0 8.7 52.7 1,162 Liquid Rare Earth 10.8 88.4 9.8 59.3 1,254

Harvesting fruits of the first and second flower gardens were greatly increased by rare earth treatment, and the fruit yield was also greatly increased. The fruit weight of the first flower garden was increased by 28.7% in the liquid rare earth treated group and 19.3% in the second flower garden. The total fruit yield per plant was increased by 12.3% in the powder rare earth treatment and 21.2% in the liquid rare earth treatment.

TABLE 5

Quality of Cherry Tomato

process 1 fruit (g / piece) Sugar (Brix,%) Hardness (g / cm2) No treatment 9.32 6.6c * 507.2b Powder rare earth 10.68 7.8a 647.4a Liquid Rare Earth 9.89 7.1b 599.9a

*: Means different superscripts in the column (p <0.01)

The average weight of the cherry tomatoes (1 fruit) was 14.6% heavier in the liquid rare earth treated group than in the untreated group. The sweetness of the powder rare earth treated group was improved by 18.2% compared to the untreated group, and the liquid rare earth treated group was improved by 7.6%. The hardness of the pulp was greatly increased by the rare earth treatment (p <0.01), especially the pulp of the powder rare earth treatment was harder.

Rare earth treatment resulted in a shorter average intercution length, lowering the height of flower gardens, increasing stems, and thickening leaves. The number of fruits increased with rare earth treatment and the yield increased, and the sugar content and hardness of the fruits increased. Liquid rare earth treatments had thicker stems and leaves than powder rare earths, and yields increased by about 8%.

The main results of cultivation in laboratory greenhouse of Chonbuk National University to investigate the effects of powdered rare earth and liquid rare earth on the growth, yield and fruit quality of cherry tomato are as follows.

Growth Characteristics of Cherry Tomato: The average intercution length was shortened by the application of liquid rare earth, and the heights of the first and second arbors were also lowered. In addition, the thickness of the tomato stem was thickened and the leaves were thickened.

The yield of cherry tomatoes was increased by the application of liquid rare earth, and the yield of total fruit increased by 21.2%.

Quality of cherry tomato: Liquid rare earth application increased the weight of cherry tomatoes by about 14.6% and the sugar content improved by 7.6%. The hardness of the pulp also increased significantly.

Synthesis: Liquid rare earth fertilizers increased the yield by increasing the number and weight of fruits by shortening the stems and strengthening the stems and leaves. There was no damage to plant growth during growth.

CONCLUSIONS: The application of liquid rare fertilizers shortened the intercalation of cherry tomatoes, thickened the stems and leaves, and resulted in more vigorous growth. In addition, by increasing the sweetness and hardness of the fruit has resulted in a significant improvement in the quality of cherry tomatoes. Liquid rare earths can be used as a concentrated liquid without any difference in effect from conventional powder rare earths, which is convenient and safe to use, and is advantageous for mass spraying.

While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Rather, the intention of the inventors is to enable the present invention to be understood and understood in its broadest sense as reflected in the following claims. Accordingly, these claims will be understood to encompass the preferred embodiments described herein, as well as all other additional changes and modifications, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for preparing a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation of the present invention.

Claims (4)

30 to 35 parts by weight of rare chloride [RE (Cl) ₃ ], wherein RE is La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Tb, Lu, Y, or Sc; Heating 65 to 70 parts by weight of urea to prepare a liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution; 15 to 25 parts by weight of distilled water was added to the obtained liquid rare earth fertilizer stock solution, followed by stirring to further prepare a liquid mixture; And Cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain a liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation. Liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation prepared by the method of claim 1 characterized in that the specific gravity is 1.3 ~ 1.5g / mL and pH 6. The method of increasing the yield of the crop, characterized by spraying the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation of claim 2 to the foliar of the crop. The method of improving the quality of a crop, wherein the liquid rare earth fertilizer formulation of claim 2 is sprayed on the foliar of the crop.

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