KR100872725B1 - Electric supply loss mountaintop method of electric supply channel - Google Patents
Electric supply loss mountaintop method of electric supply channel Download PDFInfo
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- KR100872725B1 KR100872725B1 KR1020080110807A KR20080110807A KR100872725B1 KR 100872725 B1 KR100872725 B1 KR 100872725B1 KR 1020080110807 A KR1020080110807 A KR 1020080110807A KR 20080110807 A KR20080110807 A KR 20080110807A KR 100872725 B1 KR100872725 B1 KR 100872725B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R11/00—Electromechanical arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. of consumption
- G01R11/02—Constructional details
- G01R11/17—Compensating for errors; Adjusting or regulating means therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16528—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values using digital techniques or performing arithmetic operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 배전사업자가 배전망을 효과적으로 운용하여 손실을 최소화할 수 있도록 유도하며, 전력공급 전반의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하기 위한 배전계통의 배전손실 산정 방법에 관한 것으로서, 대상선로의 부하데이터로부터 부하율과 손실 부하율을 구하고, 이를 이용하여 부하특성계수를 산정하는 제1단계와; 배전설비를 고압 배전선로와 배전용변압기, 저압 배전선로로 나누어 설비별 배전 손실량을 구하는 제2단계와; 상기 단계를 통해 구해진 부하특성계수와 설비별 배전손실량을 이용하여 연간손실 전력량을 구하는 제3단계를 포함하여 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 배전계통의 배전손실 산정 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for estimating a distribution loss of a distribution system for inducing a distribution company to effectively operate a distribution network to minimize losses and to improve the efficiency of the entire power supply. Calculating a load characteristic coefficient using the load ratio and the loss load ratio; Dividing the distribution equipment into a high-voltage distribution line, a power transformer, and a low-voltage distribution line to obtain distribution loss for each facility; And a third step of calculating an annual amount of lost power by using the load characteristic coefficient obtained through the above steps and the distribution loss amount for each facility.
최근 석유공급의 불안정과 에너지 소비의 급격한 증가로 인하여, 국가적인 차원에서의 에너지 절약 사업이 주요 시책으로 추진중에 있으며, 전력사업에서도 에너지 절감이라는 차원뿐만 아니라 경영에 직결되는 중요한 과제로 전력손실에 대한 관심이 높아져가고 있다. 특히, 전력시장 자유화라는 흐름 속에서 전력손실 문제는 전기요금의 산정에 있어서 합리적인 근거를 제시한다는 점에서 중요한 관심사 항이 되고 있다.Due to the recent instability of oil supply and the rapid increase in energy consumption, energy saving projects at the national level are being promoted as a major measure. Interest is growing. In particular, in the current trend of liberalization of the electric power market, the problem of power loss is an important concern in that it provides a reasonable basis for calculating the electric charge.
배전계통의 손실은 에너지 절약과 전기요금 책정이란 면에서 중요한 과제가 되어 있으며, 전기요금 책정에 관련된 상호간에 합의를 위해서는 합리적인 근거 데이터를 제시해야만 한다. 또한 손실관리를 위한 투자대안을 세우기 위해서는 설비별, 부하별 정확한 손실 산정이 필수이다.Loss of power distribution system is an important task in terms of energy saving and electricity billing, and reasonable basis data must be presented for mutual agreement on electricity billing. In addition, in order to establish an investment alternative for loss management, accurate loss calculation for each facility and load is essential.
배전계통의 손실은 배전용변전소에서 고압배전선로와 주상변압기, 저압배전선로 및 인입선을 거쳐 수용가까지 공급되는 동안에 설비 자체의 고유한 전기적 특성(전류의 제곱과 저항에 비례함)에 의하여 필연적으로 소모되는 전력을 의미한다.Loss of distribution system is inevitably consumed by the inherent electrical characteristics of the equipment (proportional to the square of the current and resistance) during supply from the distribution substation to the customer through the high-voltage distribution line, the columnar transformer, the low-voltage distribution line, and the lead-in line. It means the power being.
이 손실량의 전체적인 값은 배분단 전력량에서 판매 전력량을 감산하면 손쉽게 구할 수 있으나, 각 설비에서 발생하는 손실량을 정확하게 파악하는 일은 간단한 일이 아니다.The total value of this loss can be easily obtained by subtracting the sales power from the distribution power, but it is not easy to pinpoint the amount of loss at each installation.
그 이유는 각 설비의 손실량은 부하형태와 부하특성계수, 선로정수 등을 고려한 손실계수를 정확하게 산정하는 것이 필수불가결하기 때문이다.The reason for this is that it is essential to accurately calculate the loss factor considering the load type, load characteristic factor and line constant.
그러나, 현재 사용하고 있는 값은 60년대 설비와 부하 특성을 기준으로 산정한 것이며, 특히 배전선로의 역률이나 1, 2차전압의 승압, 신기자재의 도입에 따른 설비운영 상황변화를 고려하여 재산정하는 것이 요구되고 있다. 또한 손실계산에서 가장 중요한 요소인 부하특성계수를 수 십년간 동일한 값을 사용하여 손실계산의 정확도가 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.However, current values are calculated based on facility and load characteristics in the 1960s. In particular, recalculations are made in consideration of changes in facility operation conditions due to power factor of power distribution lines, boosting of primary and secondary voltages, and introduction of new materials. Is required. In addition, there is a problem that the accuracy of loss calculation is inferior by using the same load characteristic coefficient for decades as the most important factor in loss calculation.
상기한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 본 발명은 배전사업자 가 배전망을 효과적으로 운용하여 손실을 최소화할 수 있도록 유도하며, 전력공급전반의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하기 위한 배전계통의 배전손실 산정 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention devised to solve the above problems of the prior art induces the distribution operators to effectively operate the distribution network to minimize the loss, the distribution loss of the distribution system to improve the efficiency of the power supply overall The purpose is to provide a calculation method.
본 발명은 배전사업자가 배전망을 효과적으로 운용하여 손실을 최소화할 수 있도록 유도하며, 전력공급 전반의 효율성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하기 위한 배전계통의 배전손실 산정 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a distribution loss calculation method of the distribution system to induce the distribution operators to effectively operate the distribution network to minimize the loss, and to improve the efficiency of the overall power supply.
보다 상세하게 살펴보면, 대상선로의 부하데이터로부터 부하율과 손실 부하율을 구하고, 이를 이용하여 부하특성계수를 산정하는 제1단계와; 배전설비를 고압배전선로와 배전용변압기, 저압 배전선로로 나누어 설비별 배전 손실량을 구하는 제2단계와; 상기 단계를 통해 구해진 부하특성계수와 설비별 배전 손실량을 이용하여 연간손실 전력량을 구하는 제3단계를 포함하여 이루어짐을 특징한다.In more detail, a first step of obtaining a load ratio and a loss load ratio from load data of a target line, and calculating a load characteristic coefficient using the load ratio; Dividing the distribution equipment into a high voltage distribution line, a transformer for power distribution, and a low voltage distribution line to obtain distribution loss for each facility; And a third step of calculating an annual amount of lost power using the load characteristic coefficient obtained through the above step and the distribution loss amount for each facility.
상기 손실 부하율은 최대손실(Lmax)과 평균손실(Lave)의 비율이고, 최대손실과 평균손실은 최대전류와 평균전류의 제곱에 관계된 것으로, 다음의 식 1과 같이 나타낼수 있다.The loss load ratio is the ratio of the maximum loss Lmax and the average loss, and the maximum loss and the average loss are related to the square of the maximum current and the average current, and can be expressed by Equation 1 below.
상기의 수식을 통해 손실 부하율이 계산되면 부하율과 손실 부하율, 부하특성계수 사이의 관계에 의해 식 4와 같이 부하특성계수 k값을 산정하게 된다.When the loss load ratio is calculated through the above equation, the load characteristic coefficient k is calculated as shown in Equation 4 based on the relationship between the load ratio, the loss load ratio, and the load characteristic coefficient.
상기 설비별 배전 손실량을 구하는 제2단계에 있어서, 고압 배전선로의 손실계산은 회선별단선도 및 피크전력을 기준으로 고압선로의 부하특성에 대하여 평등부하분포로 고압선로 손실을 계산하는 단계와; 부하특성에 대한 총 판매전력의 비율을 구하는 단계와; 상기 단계를 통해 구해진 값을 이용하여 부하특성별 고압선로의 손실을 계산하는 단계와; 부하특성별 고압선로의 손실 값을 모두 합하여 고압선로의 총 손실을 계산하는 단계를 통해 이루어짐을 특징으로 한다.In the second step of calculating the distribution loss for each facility, the loss calculation of the high-voltage distribution line is calculated by calculating the high-voltage line loss with an equal load distribution on the load characteristics of the high-voltage line on the basis of the circuit diagram and the peak power; Obtaining a ratio of the total selling power to the load characteristic; Calculating a loss of a high voltage line for each load characteristic by using the value obtained through the above step; The total loss of the high voltage line is calculated by summing all the loss values of the high voltage line for each load characteristic.
상기 고압선로는 4개의 부하특성을 가지며, 상기 4개의 부하특성은 주택용 고압선 손실, 일반용 고압선 손실, 산업용 고압선 손실, 농사용 고압선 손실이다.The high voltage line has four load characteristics, and the four load characteristics are residential high voltage line loss, general high voltage line loss, industrial high voltage line loss, and agricultural high voltage line loss.
상기 설비별 배전 손실량을 구하는 제2단계에 있어서, 배전용변압기의 손실계산은 각 대상선로에 포함된 변압기의 용량별 구성비율과 형태별 구성비율을 구하고, 각각의 철손과 동손데이터를 계산한 다음, 상기 고압 배전선로와 동일한 방법으로 피크시의 주상 변압기의 총 손실을 계산하게 되는 것이다.In the second step of calculating the distribution loss of each facility, the loss calculation of the distribution transformer calculates the composition ratio by the capacity and type of the transformer included in each target line, calculates the iron loss and copper loss data, In the same manner as the high-voltage distribution line it is to calculate the total loss of the column transformer in the peak.
상기 용량별 구성비율은 8가지 용량 (10k, 20k, 30k, 50k, 75k, 100k 이상, 지중 200k 이하, 지중 200k 이상)이며, 형태별 구성비율은 3가지 형태(일반형, 저손실형, 아몰포스형)이고, 각 고압선로에 포함된 8가지 용량별 변압기 수를 구하 고, 이 값에 3가지 형태별 구성비율을 곱하여 선로별 변압기 손실(철손 + 동선)을 계산한다.The composition ratio by capacity is 8 kinds of capacity (10k, 20k, 30k, 50k, 75k, 100k or more, underground 200k or less, underground 200k or more), and the composition ratio by type is three types (general type, low loss type, amorphous type) Calculate the number of transformers for each of the eight capacities included in each high-voltage line and multiply this value by the component ratios of the three types to calculate the transformer losses per line (iron loss + copper line).
상기 설비별 배전 손실량을 구하는 제2단계에 있어서, 저압 배전선로의 손실계산은 상기 판매전력 자료로부터 각 대상선로의 총 저압연장을 구하고, 공급방식별 총 연장을 계산하는 단계와; 평균적인 저압선의 선로 전류를 계산하는 단계와; 상기 고압 배전선로와 동일한 방법으로 피크시의 저압 배전선로의 총 손실을 계산하는 단계를 통해 이루어진다.In the second step of calculating the distribution loss for each facility, the loss calculation of the low-voltage distribution line is calculated by calculating the total low-voltage extension of each target line from the sales power data, and calculating the total extension by supply method; Calculating a line current of an average low voltage line; Computing the total loss of the low-voltage distribution line during the peak in the same manner as the high-voltage distribution line.
상기 공급방식은 1상 2선식, 1상 3선식, 3상 4선식이 있으며, 공급방식 비율은 공급지역별 및 결선별 변압기 통계자료를 이용하여 정뮤 비율을 계산한다.The supply method is a one-phase two-wire, one-phase three-wire, three-phase four-wire type, the ratio of the supply method is calculated by using the transformer statistics data for each supply region and connection.
상기 단계를 통해 구해진 부하특성계수와 설비별 배전손실량을 이용하여 연간손실 전력량을 구하는 제3단계는 부하특성에 대하여 고압선로 단위로 피크시의 부하특성별 손실을 구하는 단계와;The third step of calculating the annual power loss by using the load characteristic coefficient obtained through the above step and the distribution loss amount for each facility comprises the steps of: calculating the loss for each load characteristic in the unit of a high voltage line with respect to the load characteristics;
주택용 D/L 손실 = 고압선손실 + 변압기손실 + 저압선손실Residential D / L Loss = High Voltage Loss + Transformer Loss + Low Voltage Loss
일반용 D/L 손실 = 고압선손실 + 변압기손실 + 저압선손실General Purpose D / L Loss = High Voltage Loss + Transformer Loss + Low Voltage Loss
산업용 D/L 손실 = 고압선손실 + 변압기손실 + 저압선손실Industrial D / L Loss = High Voltage Loss + Transformer Loss + Low Voltage Loss
농사용 D/L 손실 = 고압선손실 + 변압기손실 + 저압선손실Farm D / L Loss = High Voltage Loss + Transformer Loss + Low Voltage Loss
고압선로의 부하특성별 선로 개수를 구하는 단계와;Obtaining the number of lines for each load characteristic of the high-voltage line;
주택용 D/L 개수 = 전체 고압선로의 총 수 × 주택용 판매 전력량 비율Number of residential D / L = total number of total high-voltage lines × percentage of electricity sold for residential
일반용 D/L 개수 = 전체 고압선로의 총 수 × 일반용 판매 전력량 비율Number of general purpose D / L = total number of total high voltage line × ratio of general electric power sold
산업용 D/L 개수 = 전체 고압선로의 총 수 × 산업용 판매 전력량 비율Number of industrial D / L = total number of total high voltage lines × percentage of industrial sales
농사용 D/L 개수 = 전체 고압선로의 총 수 × 농사용 판매 전력량 비율Number of D / L for farming = total number of high-voltage lines × ratio of farm sales
상기 단계를 통해 구해진 부하특성별 손실과 선로 개수를 이용하여 부하특성별로 총 손실을 구하는 단계와;Calculating a total loss for each load characteristic by using the load characteristic loss and the number of lines obtained through the above steps;
주택용 D/L 총 손실 = 주택용 D/L 손실 × 주택용 D/L 개수Residential D / L Total Loss = Residential D / L Loss × Residential D / L Count
일반용 D/L 총 손실 = 일반용 D/L 손실 × 일반용 D/L 개수General Purpose D / L Total Loss = General Purpose D / L Loss × General Purpose D / L Count
산업용 D/L 총 손실 = 산업용 D/L 손실 × 산업용 D/L 개수Industrial D / L Total Loss = Industrial D / L Loss × Industrial D / L Count
농사용 D/L 총 손실 = 농사용 D/L 손실 × 농사용 D/L 개수Agricultural D / L Total Loss = Agricultural D / L Loss × Agricultural D / L Count
손실부하율 계산신(식 5)에 의하여 부하특성별로 손실부하를 계산하는 단계와;Calculating a loss load for each load characteristic by using the loss load rate calculation formula (5);
부하특성별로 손실부하율을 고려하여 부하특성별 총 손실량을 계산하는 단계와;Calculating a total loss amount for each load characteristic in consideration of the loss load ratio for each load characteristic;
주택용 연간 총 손실량 = 주택용 D/L 총 손실 × 주택용 손실부하율Total annual loss for housing = Total D / L loss for residential × Loss rate for residential
일반용 연간 총 손실량 = 일반용 D/L 총 손실 × 일반용 손실부하율General Purpose Annual Total Loss = General Purpose D / L Total Loss × General Purpose Loss Load Rate
산업용 연간 총 손실량 = 산업용 D/L 총 손실 × 산업용 손실부하율Industrial annual total loss = Industrial D / L total loss × Industrial loss load rate
농사용 연간 총 손실량 = 농사용 D/L 총 손실 × 농사용 손실부하율Annual loss of farming use = total loss of farming D / L × loss of farming load
상기 단계를 통해 구해진 값을 이용하여 연간 총 손실전력량을 구하는 단계를 포함하여 이루어진다.And calculating the total annual amount of lost power using the value obtained through the above steps.
연간 총 손실량 = (주택용 연간 총 손실량 + 일반용 연간 총 손실량 + 산업 용 연간 총 손실량 + 농사용 연간 총 손실량) × 8,760(kWh)Annual total loss = (annual total loss for residential use + total annual loss for general use + total annual loss for industrial use + total annual loss for agricultural use) × 8,760 (kWh)
본 발명에서는 설비별(고압배전선로, 배전용변압기, 저압배전선로) 손실량을 계산하기 위하여, 한국전력의 15개 지사를 대상으로 4개의 부하특성(주택용, 일반용, 산업용, 농사용)에 대하여 각각 3개의 고압선로를 선정하였고,In the present invention, in order to calculate the amount of losses for each facility (high voltage distribution line, transformer for power distribution, low voltage distribution line), 3 for each of the four load characteristics (for residential, general, industrial, agricultural) for 15 branches of KEPCO High voltage lines were selected,
본 발명에 따른 배전손실 산정 알고리즘에 따라 부하특성계수를 산정결과 표 1과 같은 결과치를 확인할 수 있었으며, 설비별 배전손실은 표 2와 같은 결과가 나왔다.According to the distribution loss estimation algorithm according to the present invention, the load characteristic coefficients were confirmed as shown in Table 1, and the distribution loss for each facility was as shown in Table 2.
＜표 1＞ 부하특성계수<Table 1> Load characteristic coefficient
＜표 2＞ 부하특성 모델 선로별 배전손실<Table 2> Distribution Loss by Line for Load Characteristics Model
이상과 같이, 부하특성계수와 설비별 배전손실량을 이용하여 연간손실 전력량을 구하는 본 발명에 따른 배전계통의 배전손실 산정하는 방법은 산정된 부하특 성계수를 이용한 계산결과를 살펴볼 때 배전 손실량을 정확히 파악할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the method of estimating the distribution loss of the distribution system according to the present invention, which calculates the annual loss power by using the load characteristic coefficient and the distribution loss amount of each facility, accurately determines the distribution loss amount when looking at the calculation result using the calculated load characteristic coefficient. There is a noticeable effect.
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| KR101082078B1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-11-10 | 한국전력공사 | Power system loss factor calculation method using load pattern |
| CN104158173A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-19 | 北京科华同力科技发展有限公司 | Method for calculating voltage-drop line loss rate based on load measurement and calculation |
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| CN103606916A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 南京易司拓电力科技股份有限公司 | Method for assessing power supply capacity of transformer substation |
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| CN107767060A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-06 | 杭州海兴电力科技股份有限公司 | Distribution line theoretical line loss caluclation system and method |
| CN107767060B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-03-02 | 杭州海兴电力科技股份有限公司 | Theoretical line loss calculation system and method for distribution network line |
| KR102029031B1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-10-07 | 한국전력공사 | Apparatus and method for estimating power loss of distribution line |
| CN110635471A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer area power grid theoretical line loss calculation method based on simultaneous section power and electric quantity |
| CN110635471B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-06-16 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | District power grid theoretical line loss calculation method based on simultaneous power and electric quantity |
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