KR100864600B1 - Particulate filtering system using ozone and catalyst - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for reducing pollution of an internal combustion engine using ozone is provided to effectively purify emission gas by combusting emission gas through multiple stages using ozone and catalyst. An apparatus for reducing pollution of an internal combustion engine using ozone comprises a post treatment ozone purifier(200) and a pre treatment ozone supply part. The post treatment ozone purifier includes a frequency generator(210), a high voltage generator(220), a cylindrical ozone generator(230) and an air compressor(260). The frequency generator generates frequency based on power applied from a battery. The high voltage generator generates a high voltage by boosting the frequency. The cylindrical ozone generator is connected to an upstream side of a catalyst purification part of an exhaust pipe. The air compressor transfers ozone generated from the cylindrical ozone generator to a housing.

Description

Smoke reduction device for internal combustion engine using ozone {PARTICULATE FILTERING SYSTEM USING OZONE AND CATALYST}

1 is a block diagram of a smoke reduction device of an internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the ozone generating unit applied to the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ozone generating unit applied to the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a modified example of the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

Figure 5 is a block diagram of a check valve applied to the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is another illustration of the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

7 is a configuration diagram provided with a pre-treatment ozone supply unit in the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

100: catalyst body purifying unit, 110: housing

120: oxidation catalyst, 130: catalyst coating filter

200,400: ozone purifier, 210: frequency oscillator

220: high voltage generator, 230: ozone generator

240: battery, 300: check valve

The present invention relates to a smoke reduction device, and more particularly, to a smoke reduction device of an internal combustion engine using ozone which can improve the purification rate of exhaust gas by burning exhaust gas in multiple stages by ozone and a catalyst body. .

In addition, the present invention minimizes fuel consumption by maximizing the amount of oxygen supplied into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine by supplying ozone to the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine, and minimizes incomplete combustion to reduce the emission of pollutants. It relates to a smoke reduction device of.

In general, the exhaust gas of a vehicle refers to a gas in which a mixer combusted from an engine is released into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe. These exhaust gases mainly contain harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons.

On the other hand, although diesel engine vehicles are excellent in fuel economy and power output, unlike gasoline engines, there is a significant amount of particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust gas. That is, in diesel vehicles, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are emitted much less than gasoline vehicles because air is sufficiently burned in most driving conditions, but more harmful gases and particulate matter are emitted.

Recently, particulate matter has been identified as the main cause of air pollution and has been found to cause many harms to the human body.

Therefore, the exhaust gas reduction technology of diesel vehicles has been studied with a focus on the reduction of particulate matter including harmful gases and soot, and the treatment of such harmful gases and particulate matter is the most difficult and important.

Particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle and discharged to the atmosphere is carbon particles having an average diameter of about 0.3 μm including pollutants such as sulfate and high boiling hydrocarbons, and are caused by incomplete combustion of fuel in a diesel engine. The particulate matter discharged from the exhaust gas is not only to increase the degree of air pollution, but also to cause bodily asthma and lung cancer due to visual discomfort and odor.

Therefore, environmental regulations on particulate matter emitted from diesel vehicles are being tightened day by day, but economical technologies that satisfy these requirements have not been commercialized, and thus, technology development on soot reduction and treatment is urgently needed. Currently, various technologies for processing particulate matter have been developed. The method of reducing particulate matter emissions by improving the combustion performance of an engine or using a fuel additive and a post-treatment device such as a filtration device for exhaust gas discharged It can be divided into a method of removing and reducing particulate matter in the exhaust gas using.

The method of reducing particulate matter by the combustion performance improvement described in the former is not satisfactory with the current engine technology level. The use of fuel additives is economical and causes secondary pollution due to the emission of fuel additive components into the air. The problem remains to be solved.

In addition, the post-treatment device technology is composed of a technology for filtering particulate matter in the exhaust gas and a regeneration technology for restoring the filtering performance inherent in the filter medium by burning the filtered particulate matter. If this is not performed smoothly, there is a problem that the performance of the engine is reduced due to excessive back pressure rise due to the increase in the exhaust emission resistance of the engine.

Therefore, various methods have been tried in which filtration and regeneration of particulate matter are continuously performed smoothly without causing such a problem, and can be generally divided into a forced regeneration method and a catalyst regeneration method.

The forced regeneration method is a method of regenerating the filter material by forcibly burning particulate matter by using a burner or electric heater. Although it is excellent in terms of regeneration performance, the filter material may be damaged by excessive thermal shock applied to the filter material. The disadvantage is the excessive financial burden.

In addition, the method of regenerating the filter medium by injecting the organometallic additive into the fuel also has excellent regeneration performance, but the added metal component may be deposited inside the engine, which may adversely affect the engine, and the finely sized metal fuel additive that does not filter out the filter medium. This is a serious problem that is emitted to the atmosphere causing secondary pollution.

Recently, in response to the strengthening of emission standards of diesel vehicles, a soot filtration device (DPF) has already been put into practical use as a post-treatment technology to reduce particulate matter such as soot and CO and HC. Developed.

Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) technology has been adopted as a method of reducing particulate matter (PM), which has recently emerged. This diesel particulate filter is installed in an exhaust line and discharged from the engine. The diesel particulate matter is collected using a trap, and the function of burning (regenerating) the particulate matter is repeatedly performed by raising the temperature above the ignition temperature of the particulate matter.

Usually, the diesel particulate filter collects unburned diesel particulate matter discharged from the engine by using a trap, and repeatedly burns (regenerates) particulate matter by raising the temperature above the ignition temperature of the particulate matter. For example, it may be composed of a first oxidation catalyst filter and a monolith type second oxidation catalyst filter.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine further raises a part of the temperature based on the reaction via the diesel oxidation catalyst. As a result, the exhaust gas having a temperature rise causes the particulate matter accumulated in the filter to burn at 350 ° C., so that the diesel particulate filter is easily regenerated continuously. That is, in the case of the filter, due to the platinum catalyst coated on the filter, the front end temperature of the filter is maintained at 350 ℃, which is the balance point temperature (Balance Point Temperature) which means the temperature at which the particulate matter can be burned, and thus the particulate matter continuously. Is burned.

As described above, the diesel particulate filter, which is a technique for reducing particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle according to the prior art, has the following problems.

The particulate matter and the harmful gas collected by the oxidation catalyst filter can be removed to some extent, but due to the incomplete combustion of the fuel, there is a need to develop a technology for increasing the removal efficiency of the particulate matter.

On the other hand, techniques for reducing soot on the exhaust side of the engine have been proposed, but when the amount of hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, etc. exhausted from the engine is large, there is a problem that can not purify all harmful gases only by the after-treatment device.

An object of the present invention is to provide a smoke reduction device for an internal combustion engine using ozone capable of completely removing harmful gases and particulate matter in exhaust gas due to incomplete combustion of an engine. .

In addition, another object of the present invention is to supply ozone to the intake cylinder of the engine to achieve complete combustion of the combustion to suppress the emission of hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, etc. in the exhaust gas due to incomplete combustion to improve the purification efficiency in the engine exhaust system It is to increase.

The apparatus for reducing smoke in an internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a frequency oscillator for generating an oscillation frequency by receiving power from a battery, and boosting an oscillation frequency generated from the frequency oscillator for high voltage. Cylindrical ozone which is connected to an upstream side of the catalyst body purifying unit of the exhaust pipe and generates ozone by the high voltage applied from the high voltage generating unit to purify particulate matter of the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust pipe. Characterized in that it comprises a post-processing ozone purification unit consisting of a generator.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that it further comprises a pre-treatment ozone supply unit for supplying ozone to the intake cylinder of the engine to lower the generation rate of harmful gases through the complete combustion of the fuel.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that it further comprises a catalyst body purifying unit consisting of a housing that is in fluid communication with the exhaust pipe of the vehicle, one or more filters arranged in a line inside the housing.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings the configuration of the smoke reduction device of the internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention will be described in detail.

In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, and may be changed according to intentions or customs of users or operators. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout the specification.

<Example 1>

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for reducing smoke of an internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present embodiment includes a catalyst body purifying unit 100 and a post-treatment ozone purifying unit 200.

Catalyst purifying unit 100 is a hollow tubular housing 110, the both sides of which are open in fluid communication, the first oxidation catalyst filter (used for oxidation purposes) 120 and the first is mounted in a row inside the housing 110 It may be composed of a dioxide catalyst filter (used for combustion purposes, which may be a monolith type) 130. Here, the catalyst purification unit 100 is not an essential component but is selectively applied as necessary. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus for reducing smoke of an internal combustion engine using ozone may be one in which only the post-treatment ozone purifying unit 200 is applied without the catalyst purifying unit 100 being applied.

Exhaust gas discharged from the engine is partially raised in temperature depending on the reaction while passing through the first oxidation catalyst filter 120. As a result, the exhaust gas whose temperature is raised causes the particulate matter accumulated in the second oxidation catalyst filter 130 to be burned at a level of 350 ° C., so that the diesel particulate filter can be easily regenerated continuously. That is, in the case of the second oxidation catalyst filter 130, due to the platinum catalyst coated on the filter, the shear temperature of the filter is maintained at 350 ℃, which is the balance point temperature (Balance Point Temperature) which means the temperature at which particulate matter can be burned. As a result, the particulate matter is burned continuously.

The post-treatment ozone purification unit 200 includes a frequency oscillator 210, a high voltage generator 220, an ozone generator 230, a battery 240, and an air compressor 260 to exhaust exhaust gas exhausted from the engine. Cleanse The ozone purifying unit 200 may be converted into oxygen even when only 50 ° C. or more is maintained due to the nature of ozone, and thus, the ozone purification unit 200 may burn the exhaust gas without using a separate heater.

The frequency oscillator 210 receives the DC power of 12 ~ 44V from the battery 240 and generates and outputs an oscillation frequency of 2.4 GHz. Here, the frequency oscillator 210 may be connected to a commercial power source as well as the battery 240.

The high voltage generator 220 boosts the oscillation frequency supplied from the frequency oscillator 210 to step up to 18,000 to 44,000 V and outputs a high voltage to the negative terminal 221 and the positive terminal 222.

As shown in FIG. 2, the ozone generator 230 includes a negative electrode 231, a ceramic member 232, a positive electrode 233, an insulating cover 234, and a housing 235.

The negative electrode 231 is formed of an aluminum material (aluminum 7075T) having a cylindrical shape with both ends open, and the negative terminal 221 of the high voltage generator 220 is connected. Here, the negative terminal 221 of the high voltage generator 220 forms a tab on the negative electrode 231 and couples it through a bolt.

The ceramic member 232 is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends open so as to be press-fitted into the negative electrode 231. Here, the ceramic member 232 has a thickness of 1 mm or less.

The positive electrode 233 is formed of an aluminum material (aluminum 7075T) in a cylindrical shape with both ends open so as to be press-fitted into the ceramic member 232 and fixed. An electrode protrusion 233-1 protrudes from an outer surface thereof. The plus terminal 222 of the high voltage generator 220 is connected.

The plus terminal 222 of the high voltage generator 220 forms a step after forming a step in the electrode protrusion 233-1 of the plus electrode 233, and then couples it with a bolt.

Here, the positive electrode 233 has a wide inlet to increase the discharge rate of the incoming air, narrowed toward the outlet side, the spiral groove 233-2 on the inner side so that the air vortex from the inside Is formed.

Herein, the electrode protrusions 233-1 of the positive electrode 233 have an inverted trapezoidal shape, and are formed at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, respectively, between the electrode protrusions 233-1 and the electrode protrusions 233-1. A rectangular ozone discharge groove 233-3 is formed in the upper surface, and the upper surface center portion is formed to have a step lower than both ends, thereby forming a discharge surface 233-4.

On the other hand, the electrode protrusion 233-1 of the positive electrode 233 has an inverted trapezoidal shape, and are formed to be spaced apart at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, respectively, in the same direction or opposite to the spiral groove 233-3 when formed in the longitudinal direction. It may be formed spirally in the direction.

Here, the discharge surface 233-4 has a depth of 0.5 to 1 mm, and the ozone discharge groove 233-3 is wide so that ozone discharged through the ozone discharge groove 233-3 is spread out. Vortex jaws 233-5 having an upward slope at the exit may be further formed.

The insulating cover 234 is made of a PVC material and is coupled to the outer surface of the negative electrode 231 for insulation and protection.

The housing 235 is formed in a cylindrical shape so that the negative electrode 231, the ceramic member 232, the positive electrode 233, and the insulating cover 234 are housed and fixed therein.

The ozone purification unit configured as described above reacts with the exhaust gas by the heat of the exhaust gas, and is connected to the front of the inlet of the catalyst body purification unit so that the exhaust gas first reacts with the ozone purification unit and then passes through the catalyst body purification unit. As shown in FIG. 1, the ozone purifying unit is connected to the housing of the catalytic purifying unit through a connecting tube 250 (a rubber tube, a steel pipe, etc. may be used) to be integrally formed with the catalytic purifying unit. 4 may be assembled to the exhaust pipe 1, or the catalyst purification unit 100 may be connected to the exhaust pipe 1, and the ozone purification unit may be detachably coupled to the catalyst purification unit as illustrated in FIG. 4.

1, 4 and 5 when the catalyst body purification unit is connected in series to the exhaust pipe 1 and the ozone generator 200 is connected to the exhaust pipe 1 (or the housing of the catalyst body purification unit) in the exhaust pipe 1 A check valve 300 may be provided at a connection portion (eg, an end of the connection pipe 250) of the ozone purification unit 200 to prevent the exhaust gas from flowing back into the ozone purification unit 200. Check valve 300 is not limited to the ball type as shown in the figure and the ozone generated in the ozone generator flows to the exhaust pipe 1 (or catalyst body purifying unit 100), but the exhaust gas ozone generator 230 Anything that can prevent backflow with) is applicable.

The catalyst body purifying unit 100 and the ozone purifying unit 200 may be of an integral structure through welding or the like, but in consideration of maintenance, the catalyst purifying unit 100 and the ozone purifying unit 200 may be decomposed and coupled through fasteners (such as bolts). In addition, the nipple 111 may be formed in the housing 110 of the catalyst purification unit 100 to couple the connection pipe 250 of the ozone purification unit 200 to the nipple 111.

The air compressor 260 is an ozone conveying means for forcibly supplying ozone generated in the ozone generator 220, and the housing 110 (or the exhaust pipe of the catalyst purification unit 110 through the air supply pipe 261). (1)) to supply ozone.

Hereinafter, the operation of the smoke reduction device of an internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The frequency oscillator 210 receives power from the battery B of the vehicle and generates and outputs an oscillation frequency of 2.4 GHz. The input high voltage generator 220 boosts the oscillation frequency to 18,000 to 44,000 V and outputs a high voltage through the negative terminal 221 and the plus terminal 222. Then, a high voltage is applied to the negative electrode 231 and the positive electrode 233 of the ozone generator 230, and discharges from the discharge surface 233-4 formed on the electrode protrusion 23-1 of the positive electrode 233. In this way, oxygen is ionized in the air flowing between the gaps of the discharge surface 233-4 to be changed to ozone.

Ozone generated by the ceramic member 232 is supplied to the housing 110 (or the exhaust pipe 1) by the pressure of the air compressor 260, this ozone is converted into oxygen by the heat inside the housing 110 by reacting with the exhaust gas of C0 _2, H ₂ O and CO gas fire according to the combustion action and the harmful gases and particulate matter harmful to the human body, such as HC contained in them to burn.

Therefore, the particulate matter or the like generated by incomplete combustion of the fuel by causing the exhaust gas to be oxidized is burned (possibly completely burned) and removed.

Subsequently, a part of the temperature of the exhaust gas is further increased based on the reaction while passing through the first oxidation catalyst filter 120. As a result, the exhaust gas whose temperature is elevated causes the particulate matter accumulated in the second oxidation catalyst filter 130 to be burned at a level of 350 ° C., so that the diesel particulate filter can be easily regenerated continuously. That is, in the case of the second oxidation catalyst filter 130, due to the platinum catalyst coated on the filter, the shear temperature of the filter is maintained at 350 ℃, which is the balance point temperature (Balance Point Temperature) which means the temperature at which particulate matter can be burned. And the particulate matter is burned continuously.

7 is another embodiment of the smoke reduction apparatus for an internal combustion engine using ozone according to the present invention. The pretreatment ozone supply unit 400 is provided in the intake system of the engine E, and the post treatment ozone purification is described in the exhaust system as described above. The unit 200 is provided.

As shown in the drawing, the pretreatment ozone supply unit 400 is the same as the post-treatment ozone purification unit 200 (the ozone generator 430 is inserted into a pipe of the intake pipe or is not connected between the pipes and separate pipes are provided. It is preferable to be connected through) so as to give a sign in the same form as the post-treatment ozone purification unit 200 and the detailed description of the configuration is omitted.

The pretreatment ozone supply unit 400 and the post-treatment ozone purification unit 200 are controlled to operate at least one. That is, only one or both of the pretreatment ozone supply unit 400 and the post-treatment ozone purification unit 200 are controlled to operate.

According to this embodiment, first, oxygen is ionized in the air by the ozone generator to change to ozone, while air introduced through the intake pipe passes through the ozone generator. This ozone reacts with harmful gases such as C0 ₂ , H ₂ O and non-combusting CO gas and HC, which is harmful to humans.

Accordingly, by increasing the density of ozone in the air mixed with the fuel, the fuel is easily oxidized during the intake, expansion, and explosion of the internal combustion engine engine, thereby minimizing the emission of hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, etc. generated by incomplete combustion.

The gas completely burned in the engine E is exhausted through the exhaust system, and the following process is the same as the action of the catalyst body purifying unit 100 and the post-treatment ozone purifying unit 200 described above. Will be omitted.

As described above, according to the vehicle soot reduction apparatus using ozone according to the present invention, by supplying ozone to the exhaust system to combust the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas through the ozone, the hazardous substance in the secondary using a catalyst body By burning the gas, the purification rate of the exhaust gas can be improved, so that air pollution can be drastically reduced.

In addition, a large amount of ozone is supplied when the air is sucked from the intake pipe of the engine to overcharge the oxygen atoms in the engine, thereby completely burning the fuel and releasing hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, etc. in the exhaust gas due to incomplete combustion of the fuel. As a result, as the amount of harmful gas exhausted into the exhaust system is reduced, the efficiency of the post-treatment ozone purification unit can be increased, and soot reduction and particulate matter removal efficiency can be improved. In addition, there is an additional effect such that incomplete combustion is minimized to improve fuel economy.

As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. It is to be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the specific forms referred to in the description, but rather includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Should be.

Claims (6)

delete delete A frequency oscillation unit receiving power from a battery to generate an oscillation frequency, a high voltage generator for generating a high voltage by stepping up the oscillation frequency generated from the frequency oscillator, and being connected in fluid communication to an intake pipe of an engine and applied from the high voltage generator It includes an ozone generating unit for generating ozone by the high voltage to be supplied to the intake cylinder, a pre-treatment ozone supply consisting of an air compressor for forcibly transferring the ozone generated in the ozone generator to the intake cylinder, The ozone generator, A ceramic member having a cylindrical shape having both ends open to an aluminum material and having a negative electrode connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage generator, and a cylindrical member having both ends open to be fixed by being pressed into the negative electrode. Both ends are formed in a cylindrical shape that is open and pressed to be fixed therein, and an electrode protrusion is formed on an outer surface thereof, and a positive electrode and a PVC material connected to a positive terminal of the high voltage generator are coupled to an outer surface of the negative electrode. Insulating cover, and the negative electrode, the ceramic member, the positive electrode and the insulating cover is formed in a cylindrical shape to be received and fixed inside the combined state, using a ozone comprising a housing having a wire through hole on the side In the smoke reduction device of an internal combustion engine, A frequency oscillation unit receiving power from a battery to generate an oscillation frequency, a high voltage generator for generating a high voltage by boosting the oscillation frequency generated from the frequency oscillator, and being connected in fluid communication with an exhaust system of an engine and applied from the high voltage generator Post-processing ozone consisting of a cylindrical ozone generator for generating ozone by high voltage to purify particulate matter of exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust system, and an air compressor for forcibly transferring ozone generated from the ozone generator to the exhaust system. A purifying unit; A catalyst body purifying unit including a housing that is detachably connected in series to a vehicle exhaust system through a fastener and a first and second oxidation catalyst filters arranged in a line within the housing; The post-treatment ozone purifying unit is detachably connected to the housing of the catalyst body purifying unit via a connecting tube so that ozone generated in the post-treatment ozone purifying unit is supplied to the exhaust system of the vehicle through the connecting tube. A smoke reduction device for an internal combustion engine using ozone. delete delete delete

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