KR100855297B1 - Electric charging method of battery - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for charging a battery is provided to adjust a level of a charge current and a charge voltage of the battery by converting AC power into DC power. A method for charging a battery is composed of: a noise filtering step of filtering noise from a three phase alternative power supply(S11); a primary rectifying step of converting an alternating current element into a direct current element(S12); a switching step of inverting a direction of a forward power or a backward power to switch a level of a charge voltage of a charge current(S13); a voltage reduction step of reducing the inverted power(S14); and a secondary rectifying step of converting the alternating current into the direct current(S15).

Description

Battery charging method {ELECTRIC CHARGING METHOD OF BATTERY}

The present invention relates to a charging method of a battery, and in particular, by detecting the level of the charging current and the charging voltage charged in the battery, and converts the charging mode by the charging voltage and the charging mode by the charging current inefficient charging time shortening And it relates to a charging method of a battery that can charge the rated capacity of the battery, and can extend the function of the battery.

Having a direct current supply system in a submarine belongs to the prior art. The direct current supply system supplies direct current power in the form of a rechargeable battery (eg, a accumulator), for example a lead acid battery. In such a DC supply system, a diesel generator is installed for charging the battery and for generating electricity during water operation or underwater operation in the deep sea. It is known to have a fuel cell device in addition to the accumulators. In terms of consumption, this DC supply system is equipped with a power supply converter that converts direct current into alternating current and changes to the normal voltage level. Another electricity consuming device is an electric motor powered by this electricity supply chain to drive the propeller of the submarine. A diesel generator and a fuel cell device are provided for power supply of a direct current supply system.

Unlike the charging method of a general electronic product, the battery in the submarine DC supply system alternately outputs a constant voltage and a constant current to charge the battery, as shown in the graph of FIG. 1.

1 is a graph showing a charging method of a conventional storage battery.

Referring to FIG. 1, when power is applied to a conventional charging device, the voltage and current levels are increased while the timer is counted. The level of voltage and current is maintained after a certain time (Timer 1, a) elapses. At this time, the level of the output voltage is faster than the output current, so the battery is charged as the level is higher during the a-b period of the graph. After that, when the set time (Timer 2, b) elapses, the level of the constant current is increased, and the level of the constant voltage is lowered. Therefore, the constant current is output to the battery at a level higher than the constant voltage, and the constant voltage is output with a potential lower than the constant current. When the set time (Timer 3, c) elapses, the voltage and current are increased, and the current is lowered and maintained until the charging of the battery is completed.

However, the storage battery may consume the electrolyte of the battery as the use time increases, so that the time for varying the level of voltage and current as the electrolyte is burned out must be replenished. In addition, conventionally, since the voltage and current levels are changed only by time without sensing the voltage or current level charged in the battery, the pole plate of the battery may be burned out. However, in the related art, since only the set time is counted to change the level of voltage and current, it is not possible to secure the rated discharge amount of the battery only by low charge, and there is a problem that frequent replacement is performed because the battery life is short.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to detect the level of the charging current and the charging voltage to charge the battery by varying the voltage and current charging mode of the battery life and It is to provide a charging method of a battery that can be charged by accurate charging.

An object of the present invention is to convert the applied AC power to direct current, and switching the direct current so that it is possible to adjust the level of the charging current and the charging voltage of the rechargeable battery, so that it is possible to adjust the level of the set voltage and current and to detect the charging method of the battery. To provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a rectifying unit for converting the alternating current into direct current, and inverting the direction of the power supply by switching to change the level of the output power to output the charging power of the battery; A high frequency driver for controlling the switching of the rectifier to change the charging power level up and down; And a control unit for controlling the high frequency driver by sensing the level of the charging current and the charging voltage output from the rectifying unit.

In the battery charging device according to the present invention, the rectifier is a noise filter for removing the noise of the external power input, bridge means for converting to a DC power source by removing the pulse component from the AC power applied through the noise filter, and A switching inverter for forcibly inverting power in a forward or reverse direction by fast switching a direct current applied from the bridge means by a control of a high frequency driver, a transformer for reducing the power inverted through the switching inverter, Rectification means for energizing the output power in one direction, a constant voltage output means for outputting charging power to the storage battery by removing noise of direct current applied through the rectifying means, and sensing the current level of the charging power supply to the controller. The current sensor that applies the detection signal It can be provided.

In the battery charging device according to the present invention, the noise filter is connected to an input terminal to which an external power source is applied, and a first noise filter for primary filtering of the input AC power, and an AC power source connected to the output terminal of the first noise filter. It may be provided with a second noise filter for secondary filtering.

In the battery charging apparatus according to the present invention, the switching inverter may be provided with a full bridge (FULL BRIDGE) is switched on and off in accordance with the switching control signal of the high frequency driver under the control of the controller.

In the battery charging device according to the present invention, the control unit is a level sensing means for comparing the charging current sensed by the current sensor and the set current level, and detects the charging voltage level and the set voltage level of the charging power, and the The rectifier outputs a constant current when the charging current matches the set current level according to a detection signal of a level sensing means, and controls the high frequency driver to output a constant voltage when the charging voltage matches the set voltage level. It can be provided with a control means.

In the battery charging apparatus according to the present invention, the level sensing means may include a current comparator for comparing the charging current with a set current level, and a voltage comparator for comparing the charging voltage with a set voltage level.

In the battery charging device according to the present invention, the charging device of the battery includes an operation panel for outputting a setting signal of a level of a charging voltage and a charging current, and a level of the charging power of the battery at the rectifying unit under control of the controller. The display may further include a display.

According to another feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the present invention detects the level of the charging voltage and the charging current output to the battery, and outputs a constant voltage when the level of the charging voltage reaches the set level; A constant voltage mode step; A setting level sensing step of sensing the charging current and determining whether the charging current corresponds to a set current level; A constant current mode step of charging a storage battery by outputting a constant current when the charging current matches the set current level in the setting level sensing step; A counting and setting time comparing step of counting the time for charging the battery as a constant current mode step and comparing whether the set time has elapsed; And a second constant voltage mode step of outputting a constant voltage when the driving time of the constant current mode step reaches a set time and completing charging when the set time elapses.

In the charging method of the battery according to the present invention, the current setting level may be 5 to 15% of the rated capacity of the battery.

As described above, the present invention senses the level of charge current and voltage of the battery to change the level of charge voltage and charge current, so that it is possible to supplement the charging time according to the burnout of the electrolyte, thereby securing the rated discharge amount at low charge. It can work. In addition, the present invention is variable because the charge level is made according to the amount of the electrolyte is prevented burnout of the electrode plate is prolonged life of the battery is easy to maintain and manage, there is an effect that the cost is reduced. Such a charging device and method of a battery according to the present invention is not only a special field such as a submersible, but also can be easily applied to a battery charging device installed in the substation facility of a general apartment house, a charging device for a battery of a car. .

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 2 to 5b. On the other hand, the drawings and detailed descriptions of the configuration, operations and effects thereof, which can be easily understood from related arts, such as characteristics, application forms, and charging methods of the battery to which the present invention is applied in each drawing, will be briefly or omitted. The illustrations are centered around the invention.

2 is a circuit diagram showing a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the battery charging apparatus according to the present invention includes a rectifying unit 10 converting an AC into a direct current, inverting the voltage by a full bridge method, and outputting the charging power of the battery by varying the output power level. ), A high frequency driver 20 which varies the level of the charging voltage and the charging current of the rectifying unit 10, and controls the high frequency driver 20 by sensing the level of the charging current and the charging voltage of the rectifying unit 10. And a control panel 30 for outputting the level setting signals of the charging voltage and the charging current by the user's operation, and a display 50 for displaying the levels of the charging voltage and the charging current on the screen. .

In this case, the rectifier 10 includes a first noise filter 111 and a second noise filter 112 which doublely removes noise of an input power source, a bridge means 12 for converting alternating current into direct current, and a full bridge method. Butter 13, which is a switching inverting power in the forward and reverse directions by high-speed switching of the transformer, transformer 14 for reducing and reducing the voltage, rectifying means 15 for energizing in one direction, and sensing current. And a current sensor 17 and constant voltage output means 16 for removing noise and outputting charging power to the storage battery.

Here, the first noise filter 111 first filters the noise included in the three-phase 220V power input, and the second noise filter 112 performs the three-phase alternating current filtered by the first noise filter 111. Secondary filter the power.

In addition, the bridge means 12 includes a plurality of rectifier diodes and a first capacitor C1, and removes a pulse flow component from an AC power source from which noise is removed from the second noise filter 112, thereby converting the DC power source.

Since the switching inverter 13 constitutes a full bridge circuit, the DC power applied from the bridge means 12 is switched at high speed by the control of the high frequency driver 20 so that the forward or reverse direction of the transformer 14 may be reduced. Force inverting primary power. Therefore, the switching inverter 13 may vary the level of the charging voltage and the charging current of the battery. To this end, the switching inverter 13 is provided with a plurality of switching elements (FET1 ~ FET4) to be repeated on and off alternately.

The transformer 14 depressurizes the power of the AC component inverted through the switching inverter 13 to the charging voltage level (eg, 110V) of the battery, and insulates the primary side and the secondary side from each other. Prevent interference.

In addition, the rectifying means 15 rectifies the power output from the secondary side of the transformer 14 to energize in one direction, the constant voltage output means 16 is a DC noise core 161 and the second capacitor (C2) Through removing the noise component of the DC output from the rectifying means 15 through the pure DC power output.

The current sensor 17 detects the level of the current output from the secondary side of the transformer 14 and outputs a detection signal to the high frequency driver 20.

The connection structure of the rectifying unit 10 is as follows.

An input side of the first noise filter 111 is connected to an AC INPUT to which an external power source is applied, and the second noise filter 112 is connected to an output side of the first noise filter 111 in series. In addition, the bridge means 12 includes a plurality of rectifying diodes and a first capacitor (C1), each rectifying diode in the same direction to each of the three lines respectively connected to the output side of the second noise filter 112 The first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the rectifying diode.

The switching inverter 13 is composed of a plurality of switching elements FET1 to FET4. The switching elements FET1 to FET4 are connected between lines respectively connected to the input side and the output side of the bridge means 12. In addition, the switching elements FET1 to FET4 have an input terminal and an output terminal respectively connected to two lines connecting the input side and the output side of the bridge means 12, and a gate is connected to the high frequency driver 20.

The transformer 14 has a primary side between an output terminal of the first switching element FET1 of the switching inverter 13 and an input terminal of the third switching element FET3, an output terminal of the second switching element FET2, and a fourth switching device. Respectively connected between the input ends of the elements FET4 and each of the rectifying means 15 on the secondary side. The rectifying means 15 includes rectifying diodes D1 and D2, and the rectifying diodes D1 and D2 are connected to energize power output from the secondary output terminal of the transformer 14 in one direction, respectively.

The constant voltage output means 16 is connected to a direct current noise means 161 for removing a direct current component from the output side of the rectification means 15, and a first resistor R1 connected to the output side of the direct current noise means 161. And a second capacitor C2 connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. The first resistor R1 is connected to the controller 30 through the high frequency driver 20.

As described above, the rectifier 10 has the high frequency driver 20 connected to the switching inverter 13, and the constant voltage output means 16 is connected to the control unit 30. In addition, the high frequency driver 20 is connected to the control unit 30, the operation panel 40 is connected to the display 50, the high frequency driver 20 and the control unit 30, respectively.

Here, the detailed configuration of the control unit 30 is the same as Figure 3 showing a detailed circuit diagram showing a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the controller 30 may detect the level of the charging voltage and the charging current output from the rectifying unit 10 and the level detecting unit 31 according to the detection signal of the level detecting unit 31. Control means 32 for controlling the high frequency driver 20. In addition, the operation panel 40 includes a level raising switch 51 for outputting a command for raising the level of the charging voltage and the charging current, and a level lowering switch 52 for outputting a command for decreasing the level of the charging voltage and the charging current. do.

At this time, the level detecting means 31 compares a current comparator (a-amp) comparing the sensed signal of the current sensor 17 with the set level, and compares the charging voltage of the constant voltage output means 16 with the set level. A first amplifier (amp1) for sensing the constant voltage mode and the constant current mode described below in accordance with the voltage comparator (v-amp), the output signal of the current comparator (a-amp) and the output signal of the voltage comparator (v-amp) It includes.

Here, the current comparator a-amp is applied with a sensing signal of the current sensor 17 through a non-inverting input terminal (+), and a level signal set through the inverting input terminal (-). Therefore, the current comparator (a-amp) compares the sensing signal of the charging current of the rectifier 10 through the non-inverting input terminal (+) with a set level applied through the inverting input terminal (-), and the two sides are at the same level. Compare to this. Here, the setting level of the current comparator (a-amp) is preferably a level at which the charging current corresponds to 5 to 15% of the rated capacity.

In the voltage comparator v-amp, the charging voltage of the constant voltage output means 16 is applied to the non-inverting terminal (+), and a voltage of a set level is applied to the inverting terminal (-). Therefore, the voltage comparator v-amp outputs a detection signal when the level of the charging voltage is equal to the set voltage level.

The first amplifier amp1 is connected to the current comparator (a-amp) and the voltage comparator (v-amp) together with the inverting terminal (-), and the current comparator (a-amp) or the voltage comparator (v-amp). Amplified and applied to the control means (32).

The control means 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 through a sensing signal applied by the current comparator a-amp and the voltage comparator v-amp and a count signal of its own timer. In detail, for example, when the low signal is output from the current comparator a-amp, the control unit 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 to raise or lower the level of the charging voltage. Maintained at so that the rated charging voltage is output from the constant current circuit portion. At this time, the voltage comparator v-amp outputs a high signal at a low level. In addition, when the high signal is applied from the current comparator (a-amp), the control means 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 to lower the level of the charging voltage and raise the level of the charging current to the rated current level. . At this time, the voltage comparator v-amp outputs a low signal.

In addition, the control means 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 according to the switching signals of the level-up switch 51 and the level-down switch 52 installed in the operation panel 40. This allows the user to manually set the level of charge voltage and charge current. The conversion of the charging voltage and the charging current by the control of the control means 32 is as shown in the graph of FIG. 4.

The present invention includes the above configuration, the operation of the configuration will be described below. In addition, since the present invention includes the DC conversion process (S11 ~ S15) by the rectifying unit 10 and the control process (S21 ~ S26) according to the detection of the charging power of the control unit 30 as described above, respectively Explain. Therefore, the DC conversion process will be described using the graph of FIG. 4 and the flowchart of FIG. 5A, and the control process using the graph of FIG. 4 and the flowchart of FIG. 5B.

4 is a graph illustrating a charging method of a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention, and FIG. 5A is a flowchart illustrating a driving step of the constant current circuit unit in the charging method of the storage battery according to the present invention.

4 and 5A, the driving step of the rectifier 10 includes a noise filtering step S11 for removing noise from an input three-phase AC power supply, and a first rectification for converting a power source of an AC component into a DC component. A step S12, a switching step S13 for forcibly inverting the direction of the forward power source or the reverse power source to switch the level of the charging voltage and the charging current, a decompression step S14 for depressurizing the inverted power source, And a second rectifying step (S15) of converting and converting an AC into a DC.

At this time, the noise step (S11) is a step of removing the noise component by sequentially filtering the three-phase AC power input from the first noise filter 111 and the second noise filter 112. At this time, the first noise filter 111 and the second noise filter 112 is preferably wound around the ferrite core in an enamelled copper wire to realize miniaturization, noise reduction, and weight reduction.

The first rectifying step (S12) is a step of converting the direct current since the bridge means 12 removes the pulse current from the three-phase AC power output from the second noise filter 112. At this time, the bridge means 12 is connected to each line in which a pair of diodes are arranged in the same direction for each line for applying the three-phase AC power. Accordingly, the three-phase AC power applied through the second noise filter 112 is removed from the pulsed current component by the rectifier diode and the first capacitor C1 connected to each line.

In the switching step S13, since a plurality of switching elements FET1 to FET4 included in the switching inverter 13 are alternately turned on and off, the switching of the forward DC component in the reverse direction or the reverse DC component in the forward direction is performed. Step. In this case, since the duty ratio is controlled by the control of the high frequency driver 20, the switching inverter 13 adjusts the level of the charging voltage and the charging voltage up and down. Accordingly, the switching inverter 13 is changed from the constant voltage mode to the constant current mode (C1 to C2), the constant current mode to the constant voltage mode (C2 to C3) to be described later to charge the battery.

The depressurizing step (S14) is a step of depressurizing the voltage and insulating both sides since the transformer 14 converts the high frequency voltage by the inverting of the switching inverter to the secondary side on the primary side. That is, the transformer 14 depressurizes 220V to 110V of high frequency, and outputs the same to the constant voltage output means 16.

In the second rectifying step S15, only the forward power is supplied from the high frequency power output from the transformer 14 by the rectifying means 15, and the noise is removed from the constant voltage output means 16. It's a step. The DC noise unit 161 and the second capacitor C2 remove noise components of the DC power applied through the rectifying unit 15 and output them to the storage battery.

The operation of the rectifying unit 10 charges the storage battery as the constant voltage mode C1 to C2 and the constant current mode C2 to C3 (see FIG. 4) through a control process of the control unit 30 described below. It will be described in detail through.

5B is a flowchart illustrating a driving step of a controller in a charging method of a storage battery according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5B, the driving step of the controller 30 detects the levels of the charging voltage and the charging current and outputs a constant voltage when the set level is reached. A set level detection step (S22) for comparing the levels, a constant current mode step (S23) for outputting a constant current when the charging current and the set level match, a count step (S24) for counting the time, and a time driven in the constant current mode A set time comparison step (S25) for determining whether the set time has elapsed, and a second constant voltage mode step (S26) for outputting a constant voltage when the set time has elapsed.

In this case, in the first constant voltage mode step S21, the control means 32 detects the detection signals of the current comparator and the voltage comparator v-amp to control the high frequency driver 20. This is a step of outputting a constant voltage. At this time, the current comparator a-amp compares the current sensed by the current sensor 17 with a set level, and the voltage comparator v-amp is equal to the voltage level output from the constant voltage output means 16. Compare the setting levels. Therefore, when power is applied to the rectifier 10, as shown in the graph of FIG. 4, the rectifier 10 continuously rises from the start to the start point C1 of the constant voltage section C1-C2. Therefore, the voltage comparator (v-amp) outputs a high signal when the charging voltage reaches a set level at a low level, and the current comparator (a-amp) outputs a low signal because a current higher than a set level is sensed. do. Therefore, when the high signal is applied from the voltage comparator v-amp and the low signal is applied from the current comparator a-amp, the control unit 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 to set a constant voltage. Control to output as a level. In addition, the control means 32 controls the display 50 to display that the driving in the first constant voltage mode (C1 ~ C2).

The setting level detection step S22 is a step in which the control means 32 determines whether the charging current corresponds to the set level. In the first constant voltage mode C1 to C2, the charging current is lowered from the start point of the constant voltage mode Start, and the charging voltage maintains the set level and charges the rechargeable battery. Accordingly, the current comparator a-amp senses that the charging current is lowered to a set level and applies a detection signal to the control means 32.

The constant current mode step is a step of charging the storage battery by outputting a constant current when the charging current matches the set level in the control means 32. Here, the current comparator a-amp outputs a high signal when the charging current reaches a set level according to the detection signal of the current sensor 17. Here, the setting level of the charging current is preferably set to 5 to 15% of the rating. Therefore, the control means 32 controls the high frequency driver 20 to change the switching time of the switching inverter 13, thereby lowering the level of the charging voltage and controlling the constant current to be output. In addition, the control means 32 controls to display the constant current mode through the display 50.

In the count step and the set time comparison step (S24, S25), the time for charging the battery in the constant current mode step is set by counting the time for charging the battery as the constant current mode step (S23) in the control means (32). It is a step of comparing whether elapsed time. That is, the control means 32 counts the time of the constant current mode driving section C2 to C3 shown in the graph of FIG. 4, and preferably displays the time counted through the display 50.

In the second constant voltage mode step S26, when the driving time of the constant current mode step reaches the set time in the control means 32, the high frequency driver 20 is controlled to convert from the constant current mode to the constant voltage mode. That is, the rectifier 10 lowers the output level of the constant current and increases the constant voltage output level by the switching control of the high frequency driver 20. The control means 32 ends the charging operation by turning off the rectifier 10 when the charging voltage becomes 120% of the rated voltage of the battery.

As described above, the present invention charges the battery as the constant voltage mode and the constant current mode, but does not change the mode by counting only the time as in the related art, but instead detects the level of the charging voltage and the charging current as the first constant voltage mode. And the constant current mode is started, and the time is counted and converted to the second constant voltage mode. Therefore, unlike the related art, the charging time may be replenished according to the amount of the electrolyte burned out, and the mode may be sequentially changed by mixing the power level and the count of time, and thus the burnout of the electrode plate may be prevented.

As described above, the charging device and method of the battery according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been shown in accordance with the above description and drawings, but this is only described for example and various within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and variations are possible.

1 is a graph showing a conventional battery charging method;

2 is a circuit diagram showing a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention;

3 is a detailed circuit diagram showing a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention;

4 is a graph showing a charging method of a charging device for a storage battery according to the present invention;

5A and 5B are flowcharts illustrating a charging method of a storage battery according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols showing the main parts of the drawings *

10: rectifier 111: first noise filter

112: second noise filter 12: bridge means

13: switching inverter 14: transformer

15: rectification means 16: constant voltage output means

17: current sensor 20: high frequency driver

30 control unit 31 level detection means

32: control means 40: operation panel

50: display

Claims (9)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A first constant voltage mode step of sensing a level of a charging voltage and a charging current output to the battery and outputting a constant voltage when the level of the charging voltage reaches a set level; A setting level sensing step of sensing the charging current and determining whether the charging current corresponds to a set current level; A constant current mode step of charging a storage battery by outputting a constant current when the charging current matches the set current level in the setting level sensing step; A counting and setting time comparing step of counting the time for charging the battery as a constant current mode step and comparing whether the set time has elapsed; And a second constant voltage mode step of outputting a constant voltage when the driving time of the constant current mode step reaches a set time and completing charging when the set time elapses. The method of claim 8, The current setting level is a charging method of a battery, characterized in that 5 to 15% of the rated capacity of the battery.

Images