KR100846142B1 - Boiler burns firewood - Google Patents

Abstract

A firewood boiler is provided to increase heating power and thermal efficiency by burning imperfect combustion gas again in a re-burning area, and to more rapidly heat water by transferring heat to a first thermal medium using a second thermal medium having higher thermal capacity. A firewood boiler includes a cylindrical combustion chamber, a cylindrical heat exchange chamber, an insulation unit, a first thermal medium circulation unit(32), and a flame guide plate. The cylindrical combustion chamber has a combustion gas outlet port in an upper portion of the front thereof, and has a fuel input port, which is selectively opened by a cover(14), in a lower portion of the front thereof. The cylindrical heat exchange chamber is installed outside the combustion chamber to store a first thermal medium(H1), such as water. The insulation unit is installed around an outer wall of the heat exchange chamber to perform an insulation function. The first thermal medium circulation unit causes the first thermal medium to circulate in a space to be heated. The flame guide plate partitions the interior of the combustion chamber, and is spaced at opposite ends thereof from a circumferential wall of the combustion chamber, thus defining space.

Description

Boiler Boiler {boiler burns firewood}

1 is a perspective view of a firewood boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 1.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken in the direction B-B of FIG. 1.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken in the C-C direction of FIG.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

2 ; Main body 6; combustion chamber

8 ; Heat exchange chamber 10; Fuel inlet

24; Year 28; Insulation

32,46; 1st, 2nd heat medium circulation part 36,52; 1st and 2nd cycle motor

40; Flame guide plate 44; Reburn Zone

54; Hot water pipe 56; Refill Tank

H1, H2; 1,2 heat medium

The present invention relates to a boiler, and more particularly, to a firewood boiler using wood as a fuel.

Wood-fired boilers or wood-fired boilers are rarely used in cities, but they are readily available in rural and mountainous areas, and are still widely used in areas where it is difficult to use city gas, electricity, kerosene or diesel. do.

A firewood boiler is a heating device that heats circulating water by burning heat of wood and circulates it on the floor of a living room and the living room. That is, the same principle as the general boiler using fossil fuel such as city gas and kerosene is used. However, since firewood boilers have a short combustion time due to the nature of the fuel of wood, it needs continuous management during combustion in order to maintain continuous calorific value. Firewood has a lot of ashes after combustion and wood grass liquor is generated during the combustion process.

It is true that conventional coal fired boilers lag somewhat behind in technical aspects compared to boilers using other fuels, and thus have a lot of room for improvement.

The problem of the conventional firewood boiler is pointed out.

First, it was weak in terms of thermal efficiency, which is the most important requirement of the boiler. There have been efforts to improve the structure of the conventional combustion chamber to increase the thermal efficiency. For example, as in Korea Utility Model Registration Application No. 20-2003-0021146 or 20-2001-0036256, the induction pipe (or heat exchange panel) is installed in the combustion chamber, so that the combustion air is zigzag A structure for exiting has also been proposed. In addition to the above design, induction pipes have been provided in various forms to allow combustion air to pass through a two-path or three-path path. An induction pipe is usually comprised by a fireproof wall and a water chamber.

This has been attempted in order to achieve complete combustion by delaying the time that combustion air stays in the combustion chamber, or to use waste heat by continuing the heat exchange time.

However, simply extending the discharge path of the combustion air did not maximize the thermal efficiency. The main reason is that the supply of oxygen necessary for combustion is not smooth.

Second, in the case of heating the cold water filled in the water chamber during the operation of the boiler, there was a problem in that heat transfer is delayed due to condensation on the side wall of the water chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber. In addition, bubbles were generated in the inner wall of the water chamber during the initial heating, which caused the same problem.

Third, when a power failure occurred during the operation of the boiler and the circulation of the boiler water could not be circulated, the boiler was often overheated and caused a failure, which was a major factor in reducing the life of the firewood boiler. Unlike in urban areas, power outages occur frequently in rural areas such as rural areas. This is an important point that cannot be overlooked.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a firewood boiler with high thermal efficiency and durability by solving the above-mentioned problems of the above-described firewood boiler.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a firewood boiler which can be supplied at low cost by simplifying the configuration since the manufacturing cost is high and the customer burden is high.

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In order to achieve the above object, the firewood boiler according to the present invention,
A cylindrical combustion chamber 6 having a combustion gas discharge port 12 provided at an upper part of the front surface and a fuel inlet 10 selected and opened by an opening / closing cover 14 at a lower part of the front surface thereof;
A cylindrical heat exchange chamber (8) installed outside the combustion chamber (6) where the liquid first heat medium (H1) such as water is stored;
An insulation portion 28 installed around the outer wall of the heat exchange chamber 8 for insulation;
A first heat medium circulation part 32 through which the first heat medium H1 circulates a heating space; And
A flame-guiding plate 40 having a plate-shaped flame guide plate 40 partitioning an internal space of the combustion chamber 6 so that both ends thereof are formed to have a space S spaced apart from the circumferential wall 6a of the combustion chamber 6; By including
Forming a reburn zone (44) on top of the flame guide plate (40);
The flame induction plate 40 guides the incomplete combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 6 to the reburn zone 44 in the form of "⊃", and at the same time, the flame generated during the combustion causes the space S to be separated. Re-burning the induced incomplete combustion gas to be delivered directly to the reburn zone (44) through.

Another feature of the present invention is that the combustion chamber and the heat exchange chamber are both side walls convex, such as a pressure-resistant container, and are installed in the transverse direction.

Another feature of the present invention is that the second heat medium having a higher boiling point than the first heat medium is used, and the second heat medium circulation unit for transferring the heat generated in the combustion chamber to the first heat medium stored in the heat exchange chamber It is to include more.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a perspective view of a firewood boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken in the direction B-B of FIG. 1. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken in the C-C direction of FIG.

The firewood boiler of the present invention has a main body (2) is installed in the transverse direction long as a cylindrical shape and spaced apart from the ground by a pedestal (4) to a certain height. The combustion chamber 6 and the heat exchange chamber 8 provided inside the main body 2 are also cylindrically laid horizontally.

A fuel inlet 10 (refer to FIG. 2) is provided at the lower front of the combustion chamber 6, and a combustion gas outlet 12 is provided at the upper front. The fuel injection hole 10 is selectively opened by an opening and closing cover 14 which is rotated with respect to one side as a semicircular plate material. Since the combustion chamber 6 is installed long horizontally, the user can easily put a long firewood into the interior thereof. In other words, the inconvenience of having to cut a long piece of wood in order to make a firewood less than the specified length is reduced.

The opening and closing cover 14 is provided with an air inlet 20 in which the opening and closing handle 16 and the air control plate 18 are installed.

The combustion gas outlet 12 is connected to the collection box 22, the flue 24 is connected to the upper surface of the collection box 22. The collection box 22 is for collecting and transporting the acetic acid adhered to the inner wall of the flue and the combustion chamber and the flame guide plate to be described later to the outside, and an opening and closing door 26 that can be selectively opened on the front surface is installed.

A heat exchange chamber 8 forming a cylindrical watertight space is provided to surround the combustion chamber 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchange chamber 8 is provided to surround the rear wall of the combustion chamber 6.

The combustion chamber 6 is positioned to be biased downward from the center of the heat exchange chamber 8. This is to secure a wider space above the combustion chamber 6. This is because the flame generated in the combustion chamber 6 is usually directed upward. The heat exchange chamber 8 stores a liquid first heat medium such as water, and its capacity is about 300 liters of liquid. The capacity of the heat exchange chamber 8 is a matter which is not related to the present invention and is sufficiently variable.

The first heat medium (H1) is preferably water that is easy to use and available, but is not necessarily limited thereto. Other liquid heat transfer media may be substituted for the efficiency of heat transfer. Hereinafter, assuming that water is selected as the first heat medium, it will be referred to as water.

Water H1 in the heat exchange chamber 8 is heated by receiving heat transfer through the circumferential wall 6a and the rear wall 6b of the combustion chamber.

According to the present invention, the combustion chamber 6 and the heat exchange chamber 8 have convex rear walls 6b and 8b connected to the circumferential walls 6a and 8a, such as pressure-resistant containers, in consideration of the pressure caused by the expansion of the fluid. .

The heat insulating part 28 is installed outside the heat exchange chamber 8 for heat insulating. The heat insulating portion 28 includes a heat insulating material 30 such as asbestos and a cylindrical housing 31. The housing 31 is also cylindrical as mentioned above. Since a large internal pressure does not act on the housing 31, the front and rear walls may use a flat plate.

The first heat medium circulation part 32 is disposed above the hot water outlet pipe 34 installed under the heat exchange chamber 8, the first circulation motor 36 connected to the hot water outlet pipe 34, and the heat exchange chamber 8. It includes a circulating water inlet pipe 38 is installed. The first circulation pipe (not shown) connected to the first circulation motor 36 and the other end connected to the hot water outlet pipe 34 is disposed in a space requiring heating such as a room or a living room. It is included in the part 32.

The biggest feature of the present invention lies in the flame guide plate 40 installed inside the combustion chamber 6. The flame induction plate 40 is for inducing the flame generated in the combustion chamber 6 in a "⊃" form. That is, the flame guide plate 40 is installed in the combustion chamber internal space so as to extend toward the rear from the combustion chamber inlet. The flame guide plate 40 is a metal material having a thickness of about 10 mm and is supported by a frame 42 fixed to both side walls of the combustion chamber.

In particular, the flame induction plate 40 is installed so that both ends thereof are spaced apart from the circumferential wall 6a of the combustion chamber as shown in FIG. The separation width may be 10 to 100 mm, preferably 30 to 70 mm. However, since it is important that the flame guide plate 40 is separated from the circumferential wall 6a of the combustion chamber 6, the precise spacing of the separation widths is not important.

The operation of the flame guide plate 40 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 as follows. Combustion air generated in the combustion chamber 6 is basically guided along the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2, and passes through the reburn zone 44 partitioned from the combustion chamber 6 by the flame guide plate 40. 12) is discharged to the year 24. Here, the gas passing through the reburn zone 44 contains a significant amount of incomplete combustion gas.

Conventional firewood boilers are designed to emit such incomplete combustion gas into the atmosphere, which is unreasonable in terms of thermal efficiency. However, according to the firewood boiler of the present invention, the incomplete combustion gas is burned again. That is, as shown in Figure 4, the flame is extended from the combustion chamber 6 through the space (S) provided on both sides of the flame induction plate 40, the spread flame is passed through the reburn zone 44 By firing incomplete combustion gases, secondary combustion occurs.

Thus, the reburn zone 44 is provided in addition to the combustion chamber 6, so that even if a large amount of firewood is input at one time, the effect close to the complete combustion can be obtained.

The combustion mode of the firewood in the combustion chamber 6 to the direction of flame propagation is completely unsteady. This irregularity causes vortices in the reburn zone 44 to help complete combustion.

According to another feature of the present invention, a second heat medium (H2) such as oil or oil having a higher boiling point than water, which is the first heat medium (H1), is used, and heat generated in the combustion chamber (6) is transferred to the heat exchange chamber ( 8) There is provided a firewood boiler further comprising a second heat medium circulation unit 46 for delivering to the water (H1) therein.

According to this embodiment, the second circulation pipe 48 is disposed on the bottom surface of the flame guide plate 40 and inside the heat exchange chamber. The second heat medium H2 that receives heat transfer from the flame in the combustion chamber 6 undergoes heat exchange with the first heat medium H1 while passing through the heat exchange chamber 8. This helps to sharply increase the temperature of the first heat medium (H1). Since the second heat medium H2 has more heat capacity than the first heat medium H1, heat transfer is always performed from the second heat medium H2 to the first heat medium H1 during normal operation. This is because the first thermal medium in which water is used is an operating temperature of 70 to 85 ° C, and the second thermal medium in which oil is used is an operating temperature of 150 to 250 ° C.

According to such a configuration, the temperature difference between the combustion chamber 6 and the heat exchange chamber 8 can be narrowed quickly, particularly in winter, so as to minimize the generation of condensation and bubbles in the combustion chamber circumferential wall 6a and the rear wall 6b. do.

A storage tank 50 in which the second heat medium H2 is stored is installed at the side of the main body of the boiler, and one end of the second circulation pipe 48 is connected to an outlet of the storage tank 50 so that the combustion chamber 6, in particular, a flame induction plate ( The other end is connected to the inlet of the reservoir via the bottom of 40) and the inside of the heat exchange chamber 8. A second circulation motor 52 is provided at the outlet side of the storage tank 50 for forced circulation of the second heat medium H2. The second circulation pipe 48 is installed in the form of a coil to extend the heat exchange time, and may be installed on the flame guide plate 40 because the installation position is optional.

The second heat medium circulation unit 46 includes a control unit for controlling the operation of the second circulation motor 52 according to the temperature environment. This is to stop the operation of the second circulation motor 52 when the firewood is extinguished and the combustion chamber heat transfer is reversed, that is, the water (H1) to the oil (H2).

In the heat exchange chamber 8, a hot water supply pipe 54 is provided in parallel with the second circulation pipe 48. The hot water supply pipe 54 is for the case where the hot water is to be used for the shower or the dish washing in the customer. One side of the hot water pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, the other side is connected to the shower, etc., is installed in the form of a coil to increase the heat exchange area.

Meanwhile, the replenishment tank 56 is installed at the upper part of the boiler body. The supplementary water tank 56 is for supplementing the water in the heat exchange chamber 8 when it is consumed, and the configuration thereof is not different from the conventional one. Since water in the heat exchange chamber 8 may be consumed due to factors such as vaporization, it is for supplementing this.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a protection system is further provided to prevent the boiler from being overheated by the continuous combustion of the firewood in a state in which the first circulation motor 36 is not operated by the power failure. This may include a storage battery for temporarily circulating the first circulation motor 36 in case of power failure, and may further include a fire extinguishing facility for extinguishing the combustion chamber. Both of them can be installed at the same time to open the extinguishing nozzle which is installed toward the inside of the combustion chamber when the battery reaches the used point to inject water. Water for extinguishing may be supplied from the supplement tank 56.

On the front of the main body of the boiler, a thermometer 58 indicating the temperature of the heat exchange chamber and a first limit switch 60 having a control knob as controlling the temperature of the circulating water may be installed. In addition, a second limit switch 62 may be installed to control the circulation of the second thermal medium. A positive pressure valve 64 is provided for limiting the pressure in the heat exchange chamber 8 to a predetermined range or less. As such, various additional devices used in the conventional boiler may be further provided.
On the other hand, the combustion chamber 6 and the heat exchange chamber 8 are formed in separate cylinders so as to be in contact with each other (see FIG. 4), or as shown in FIG. 2, some of the circumferential walls 6a and 8a (lower in the drawing) are shared. Alternatively, the circumferential walls may not be in contact with each other (ie, the bottom of the combustion chamber is spaced apart from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber). Such matters are not essential to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various design changes with reference to the drawings.

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According to the configuration as described above, a firewood boiler is provided that can increase the thermal power and thermal efficiency by recombustion of the incomplete combustion gas toward the combustion gas outlet in the combustion chamber while unburned in the combustion chamber. In addition, by providing a heat transfer to the first heat medium (water) using a second heat medium having a higher heat capacity is provided a firewood boiler that can heat the water more quickly.
In addition, by providing a combustion chamber and a heat exchange chamber in the shape of a pressure-resistant vessel, and by introducing a protection system in case of power failure, a firewood boiler with extremely improved durability is provided.

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Claims (4)

A cylindrical combustion chamber 6 having a combustion gas discharge port 12 provided at an upper part of the front surface, and a fuel inlet 10 selected and opened by an opening / closing cover 14 at a lower part of the front surface thereof; A cylindrical heat exchange chamber (8) installed outside the combustion chamber (6) where the liquid first heat medium (H1) such as water is stored; An insulation portion 28 installed around the outer wall of the heat exchange chamber 8 for insulation; A first heat medium circulation part 32 through which the first heat medium H1 circulates a heating space; And A flame-guiding plate 40 having a plate-shaped flame guide plate 40 partitioning an internal space of the combustion chamber 6 so that both ends thereof are formed to have a space S spaced apart from the circumferential wall 6a of the combustion chamber 6; By including Forming a reburn zone (44) on top of the flame guide plate (40); The flame induction plate 40 guides the incomplete combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 6 to the reburn zone 44 in the form of "⊃", and at the same time, the flame generated during the combustion causes the space S to be separated. Recombustion of the induced incomplete combustion gas by being delivered directly to the reburn zone (44) through the firewood boiler. The firewood boiler according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (6) and the heat exchange chamber (8) have convex rear walls (6b, 8b), such as a pressure-resistant container, and are installed in the transverse direction. The method of claim 1, further comprising: for transferring heat generated in the combustion chamber (6) to a first heat medium (H1) stored in the heat exchange chamber (8); A storage tank 50 in which a second heat medium H2 having a higher boiling point than the first heat medium H1 is stored; A second circulation pipe 48 having one end connected to the outlet of the reservoir and passing through the combustion chamber 6 and the heat exchange chamber 8 and the other end connected to the inlet of the reservoir; A second heat medium circulation part 46 including a second circulation motor 52 provided at an outlet side of the storage tank 50 for forced circulation of the second heat medium H2; Boiler. The method of claim 1, further comprising: to prevent the boiler from being overheated by continuous combustion of firewood in a state in which the first circulation motor (36) is not operated due to a power failure; A storage battery for temporarily circulating the first circulation motor 36 during a power failure; And a fire extinguishing system which opens the extinguishing nozzle installed toward the combustion chamber to spray water when the storage battery reaches the used limit point.

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