KR100838978B1 - Equipment and method for dry ferment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for dry fermentation and an apparatus for carrying out the same. The device comprises a tank body (5) for receiving material, an elastic sealing film (7) for covering the tank body (5), and the elastic sealing film (7) for the tank body (5). Fermentation tank for dry fermentation comprising means (3) for tightly securing the cover. The invention provides that the tank body 5 is provided with a top opening 2 at its top part and at least one side opening 4 for loading and unloading materials at its side part. When the tank body 5 is hermetically covered by an elastic sealing membrane 7, the means for fastening 3 securely the elastic between the tank body 5 and the elastic sealing membrane 7. At least one sealing contact strip or at least one sealing line that is continuous and closed in a three-dimensional space such that the sealing membrane 7 covers both the top opening 2 and the at least one side opening 4 for airtight loading and unloading of the materials. A contact area 6 is formed which forms

Description

Dry fermentation method and apparatus for executing it {EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR DRY FERMENT}

The present invention relates to a method for dry fermentation and an apparatus for carrying out the same.

It is well known that anaerobic fermentation can be roughly divided into wet fermentation and dry fermentation. Wet inorganic respiration fermentation is widely used to produce biogas by liquid waste materials such as animal manure and yeast precipitates. If wet inorganic respiratory fermentation is used to produce biogas in cold fats, it consumes a large amount of energy, thereby significantly reducing the economic benefits and causing more losses than what is obtained.

Conventionally, dry inorganic respiration fermentation has been used mostly in the brewing industry. Recently, however, research on the treatment of solid organic wastes for practical application of dry inorganic respiration fermentation has been developed in China and abroad, which helps to produce organic fertilizers while obtaining clean energy (biogas). At this stage, there are cylinder type and chamber type configurations. The cylinder type configuration is difficult to load and unload the material and involves very high costs. As a chamber time configuration, it is necessary to transport the material several times, that is, the material is first pre-treated to raise the temperature through inorganic breathing fermentation and then transported into the inorganic breathing fermentation chamber to produce biogas. Later, they go to a factory for producing organic fertilizers. The process by using the chamber type configuration requires a lot of effort and time. In addition, the chamber type configuration is large and high in both manufacturing precision and explosion-proof monitoring of the sealing doors of the inorganic breathing fermentation chamber.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for dry fermentation and an apparatus for performing the same, which is a biogas through inorganic respiration fermentation and aerobic fermentation by use of solid organic wastes. And organic fertilizers. The advantages of the method and apparatus of the present invention are that the process is simple and has a low energy cost, and the apparatus is easy and small in size to load and unload the material so that the cost is reduced.

The apparatus of the present invention is a dry fermentation comprising a tank body for receiving a material, an elastic sealing film for covering the tank body, and a means for tightly fixing the tank body with the elastic sealing film tightly. For fermentation tanks. The invention is characterized in that a top opening and at least one side opening of the top portion are provided for loading and unloading the tank body in its side portion. When the tank body is hermetically covered by the resilient sealing membrane, the tightly securing means is between the tank body and the resilient sealing membrane, the top opening and one side of the resilient sealing membrane for loading and unloading the material. A means for forming a continuous, closed contact strip forming at least one sealing contact strip or at least one sealing line in a three-dimensional space so as to cover all the openings in an airtight manner, and the means for securing it securely swells. It can be made as a means of fixing in the form of a smooth pipe-channel.

The shape and size of the top opening is required to satisfy the conditions described below: An operating device (such as a churning device) may take mechanical action (eg, churning) on the material through the top opening during the course of aerobic fermentation. .

Side openings for loading and unloading materials should be convenient for loading and unloading devices to perform loading and unloading operations.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top opening and side openings for loading and unloading the material may be connected to each other or separated from each other to form only one opening.

The tank body described above comprises two parallel sidewalls and a sidewall perpendicular to the parallel sidewalls. The top and one side of the tank body open with top and side openings for loading and unloading the materials, respectively. When the tank body is hermetically covered by the resilient sealing membrane, at least one sealing contact strip or at least one sealing contact line which is continuous and closed in a three-dimensional space is secured by the means for securing the tank body. Since a contact area is formed between and the elastic sealing film, the top opening and at least one side opening for loading and unloading the materials are hermetically covered by the elastic sealing film. The means for securing firmly may be means for securing securely in the form of a swellable soft pipe-channel.

A rail is provided on top of two parallel side walls of the tank body. During the course of aerobic fermentation, the churning device or other driving device can move along the rail and perform an operation, for example an operation of whipping material in a fermentation tank.

A loader can be used to load and unload the materials properly through the side openings for loading and unloading the materials.

One of the methods for processing solid organic waste through the fermentation process by using the device according to the invention is: a top opening and a side opening for loading and unloading the materials of the tank body for containing the solid organic waste into the elastic sealing membrane. Covered tightly, solid organic waste in the tank body undergoes an "inorganic respiratory gas-forming" fermentation process capable of producing biogas.

As a preferred embodiment according to the invention, one of the methods for processing solid organic waste through the fermentation process by using an apparatus according to the invention is: before the process of "inorganic respiratory gas-forming" fermentation described above, the tank body The solid organic waste is subjected to a process of "aerobic temperature-rise" fermentation. Aerobic fermentation can raise the temperature of the material in the tank body, and the inorganic respiration fermentation process can produce biogas.

One of the methods for processing solid organic waste through the fermentation process by using the device according to the invention is: after the above-described "inorganic respiratory gas-forming" fermentation process, the solid organic waste in the tank body is "aerobic fertilizer." -Production is under the process of fermentation. Inorganic respiration fermentation can produce biogas, and aerobic processes can produce organic fertilizers.

One of the methods for processing solid organic waste through the fermentation process by using the device according to the invention is: Before the "inorganic respiratory gas-forming" fermentation process, the solid organic waste in the tank body is "aerobic temperature-rise. Under the "fermentation process, and after said" inorganic respiratory gas-forming "fermentation process, the solid organic waste in the tank body undergoes a process of" aerobic fertilizer-production "fermentation.

The general form of the four long methods is that both the top and side openings for loading and unloading the materials of the tank body are opened during the aerobic process, and the top and side openings for loading and unloading the materials of the tank body both contain the inorganic breathing process. Airtightly covered by an elastic sealing film.

The plurality of fermentation tank bodies can be arranged at the same time, and the fermentation process is carried out including the plurality of tank bodies in turn at the same time interval. The fermentation cycles are the same in all fermentation tanks, and the production of biogas can thus be kept continuous and stable.

The invention is widely applicable to the treatment of various organic wastes such as animal fertilizers, plant stems, and food waste. On the one hand, with the apparatus and method according to the invention, it is possible to reduce environmental pollution from organic wastes, and on the other hand, recycled clean energy (biogas) and organic fertilizers can be produced.

The present invention includes three stages of a single tank fermentation process: an aerobic temperature-rise stage, an inorganic breathing gas-forming stage, and an aerobic fertilizer-production stage. Including this process, the floor space, investment cost and labor time for the device can all be efficiently reduced.

The present invention provides solar energy to increase the temperature of the material when the material is subjected to the "inorganic breathing gas-forming" fermentation process and to maintain a "medium temperature" state with the aid of the self-thermal insulation properties of the deeply stacked material. And the biological energy produced by the aerobic fermentation of the material, whereby the gas yield of the system can be efficiently increased.

The invention includes a process of a multi-tank fermentation mode, in which a plurality of fermentation tanks supply biogas simultaneously at different cycles for biogas production. In this respect, the gas output of the whole system has a slight rise and fall, and biogas can be produced smoothly.

According to the present invention, inorganic breathing fermentation can be achieved by covering the fermentation tank with an elastic sealing membrane. By doing so, it can be visually determined whether or not biogas is in the gas bag, whereby an explosion accident caused by the biogas remaining can be prevented, and the difficulty of safe handling of biogas production can be reduced. Therefore, the safe monitoring system can be simplified so that the investment cost is low and the economic efficiency and practicality can be improved.

1 is a perspective view of a fermentation tank not covered with an elastic sealing membrane according to the present invention.

2 is a perspective view of a fermentation tank covered with a resilient sealing membrane in accordance with the present invention.

3 is a diagram of an arrangement of processes in which a fermentation process is performed comprising a plurality of tank bodies in the order of equal time intervals.

<Description of the code>

1 fermentation tank

2 top opening

3 means for fastening securely

4 side opening

5 tank body

6 contact area

7 elastic sealing membrane

8 churning and mixing vehicle

10 rails

12 greenhouses

13 gas-integrated main lines

14 cut-off valve

15 gas-integrated manifolds

16 biogas holder

17 biogas purifier

18 air compressor

19 check valve

20 transmission devices

21 rails

1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in which the tank body 5 is formed with two parallel side walls and a side wall perpendicular to the parallel side walls. The top and one side of the tank body 5 are open to form respective top openings 2 and side openings 4 for loading and unloading the material. When the tank body 5 is hermetically covered by the resilient sealing membrane 7, the means for securing 3 are secured between the tank body 5 and the resilient sealing membrane 7. By making the contact area 6 forming at least one sealing contact strip or at least one sealing line which is continuous and closed in the dimensional space, the elastic sealing film 7 has a top opening 2 for loading and unloading material and at least One side opening 4 is hermetically covered.

Among these members, the rigid fastening means 3 can be in the form of a swellable soft pipe-channel.

In addition, the top opening 2 has the same area as that of the bottom surface of the tank body 5. During the course of aerobic fermentation, the driving device (e.g., shaking and mixing vehicle 8) can perform mechanized operation (e.g., agitation) on the material via the top opening (2).

The side opening 4 for loading and unloading the material is a fully open opening so that a mechanical loading and unloading device, such as a loader, can load and unload the material appropriately.

The top opening 2 and the side opening 4 for loading and unloading the material are connected to each other in a three-dimensional space to easily configure the tank body 5 and to form one opening to facilitate loading and unloading operation. Can be.

As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of fermentation tank bodies 5 may be provided depending on material processing capacity and biogas requirements. Each said fermentation tank body 5 has one opening end. A rail 10 on which the stirring and mixing vehicle 8 is movable is provided on the side wall of each fermentation tank body 5. The transmission means 20 can move between two rails 21 arranged at one end of the fermentation tank body 5 and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank body 5. The transmitting device 20 may transmit the stirring and mixing vehicle 8 from one fermentation tank 1 to the other. Gas-integrated manifolds 15 and cut-off valves 14 for discharging biogas are disposed on the side walls of each fermentation tank body. All gas-integrated manifolds 15 join the gas-integrated main line 13 which leads to the biogas holder 16 through the biogas purifier 17. The gas-integrated main line 13 is divided into two bypasses, one provided with the air compressor 18 and the other provided with the check valve 19. The resilient sealing membrane 7 provided on the fermentation tank body 5 can cover the fermentation tank body 5 in an airtight manner and can be properly rolled up. All fermentation tanks 1 are made of greenhouse 12 with good transparency.

For a clear explanation of the working principle of the invention, all fermentation tanks are numbered appropriately. After tank No. 1 is filled with the material, the material supplied with oxygen for aerobic fermentation is stirred by the vehicle 8 which is stirred and mixed. When the temperature of the material reaches some value, the culture for inorganic respiration fermentation is uniformly dispersed and evenly mixed in the material by the stirring and mixing vehicle 8. Thereafter, the stirring and mixing vehicle 8 moves from tank No. 1 to tank No. 2. When tank No. 2 begins to load material, tank No. 1 is hermetically covered by an elastic sealing membrane and starts inorganic breathing fermentation to produce biogas. At the end of the inorganic respiration fermentation period set in tank No. 1, the resilient sealing membrane 7 is rolled up, and then the material is agitated for a second aerobic fermentation by the stirring and mixing vehicle 8. . After a few days, a sufficiently burned organic fertilizer is discharged from the tank, tank No. 2 undergoes a process of "aerobic temperature-rise" fermentation, and after the culture is added for inorganic respiration fermentation, it is the elastic sealing membrane (7). It is hermetically covered by and the step of inorganic respiration fermentation is carried out to produce biogas. At this point, tank No. 3 begins to fill. This can then be estimated.

Material filling should begin with the first tank body and the next one will be filled every few days.

From being loaded inside the fermentation tank, the material undergoes three stages of fermentation, eg, aerobic temperature-rise stage, inorganic breathing gas formation stage and aerobic fertilizer-production stage, to produce biogas and complete organic fertilizer. . The three-stage fermentation takes place in the same fermentation tank from start to finish. The sum of the times of the two aerobic fermentation stages is equal to the time of the inorganic breathing fermentation stage.

The loader can be used to load and unload materials for all fermentation tanks 1.

After the biogas is produced, a gas bag is formed between the fermentation tank 1 and the elastic sealing membrane 7. When the pressure of the biogas in the tank reaches a certain degree, the biogas is introduced into the gas-integrated manifold 15, the open cut-off valve 14, the gas-integrated main line 13, the check valve 19. And begin to pass through the biogas purifier 17 in turn, and then flow into the biogas holder 16 or directly supplied to the user of the biogas. At the end of the gas-generating period of inorganic breathing fermentation adapted for a fermentation tank, the cut-off valve 14 disposed in the gas-integrated manifold 15 of the other tank is first closed and secondly the The air compressor 18 is operated to suck biogas under the elastic sealing membrane 7 of this fermentation tank 1. When it is confirmed that there are no more biogases in the tank, the cut-off valve 14 of the gas-integrated manifold 15 of the tank is closed, and the gas-integrated manifold 15 of the other gas-production tank is closed. The disposed cut-off valve 14 is open. Later, the elastic sealing membrane 7 of this fermentation tank 1 is rolled up. At this time, the greenhouse 12 must maintain a good ventilation.

When all tanks are filled with material and start to run normally, half of the fermentation tanks are in the period of daily inorganic respiration fermentation and gas production.

As such, the present invention is applicable to a method for dry fermentation and to an apparatus for carrying out the same.

Claims (9)

Fermentation tank 1 for dry fermentation comprising a tank body 5 for receiving material, an elastic sealing film 7 for covering the tank body 5 and the tank with the elastic sealing film 7 Apparatus comprising a means (3) for fastening tightly to cover the body (5) a. The tank body 5 is provided with a top opening 2 and at least one side opening 4 in its side part for loading and unloading material in its top part, b. When the tank body 5 is hermetically covered by the resilient sealing membrane 7, the resilient fixing means 3 is between the tank body 5 and the resilient sealing membrane 7, the At least one sealing contact strip or at least one continuous and closed in three-dimensional space such that the resilient sealing film 7 covers both the top opening 2 and the at least one side opening 4 for airtight loading and unloading of the material. Creating a contact area to form a sealing line Device characterized in that. The method of claim 1, a. The tank body 5 is formed of two parallel sidewalls and sidewalls perpendicular to the parallel sidewalls, the top and one side of the tank body 5 being open respectively and the top opening 2 for loading and unloading material. ) And the side opening 4, b. When the tank body 5 is hermetically covered by the resilient sealing membrane 7, the means for fastening 3 between the tank body 5 and the resilient sealing membrane 7, At least one sealing contact strip or at least continuous and closed in a three-dimensional space such that the resilient sealing membrane 7 hermetically covers both the top opening 2 and the at least one side opening 4 for loading and unloading the material. Creating a contact area 6 forming one sealing line Device characterized in that. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The device (3) is characterized in that the means for securing (3) are means for securing securely in the form of a swellable soft pipe-channel. The method of claim 3, wherein The device (10), characterized in that the rail (10) is provided at the top of two parallel sidewalls of the tank body (5). The top opening 2 and the side opening 4 for loading and unloading the material of the tank body 5 for containing the solid organic waste are hermetically covered by an elastic sealing film 7 so that the tank body 5 Wherein said solid organic waste is subjected to an "inorganic respiratory gas-forming" fermentation process. The method of claim 5, Before the process of "inorganic breathing gas-forming" fermentation, the solid organic waste of the tank body (5) is subjected to a process of "aerobic temperature-rise" fermentation. The method of claim 5, After the process of "inorganic breathing gas-forming" fermentation, the solid organic waste of the tank body (5) is subjected to a process of "aerobic fertilizer-producing" fermentation. The method of claim 5, Before the process of "inorganic breathing gas-forming" fermentation, the solid organic waste in the tank body 5 is subjected to the process of "aerobic temperature-rise" fermentation; After the process of "inorganic breathing gas-forming" fermentation, the solid organic waste in the tank body (5) is subjected to a process of "aerobic fertilizer-producing" fermentation. The fermentation system is formed of a plurality of fermentation tanks 1, and all the fermentation tanks 1 process the solid waste in the tanks in turn by using the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, so that the fermentation The system is a method for dry fermentation that produces biogas and / or organic fertilizers continuously and smoothly.

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