KR100836111B1 - Air-condition/heating system for bus - Google Patents

Air-condition/heating system for bus Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100836111B1
KR100836111B1 KR1020070066549A KR20070066549A KR100836111B1 KR 100836111 B1 KR100836111 B1 KR 100836111B1 KR 1020070066549 A KR1020070066549 A KR 1020070066549A KR 20070066549 A KR20070066549 A KR 20070066549A KR 100836111 B1 KR100836111 B1 KR 100836111B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
cooling
bus
low pressure
compressor
evaporator
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KR1020070066549A
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Korean (ko)
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신성국
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현대자동차주식회사
기아자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020070066549A priority Critical patent/KR100836111B1/en
Priority to CNA2007103058790A priority patent/CN101337497A/en
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Publication of KR100836111B1 publication Critical patent/KR100836111B1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H1/00557—Details of ducts or cables
    • B60H1/00571—Details of ducts or cables of liquid ducts, e.g. for coolant liquids or refrigerants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00907—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A bus cooling/heating system is provided to minimize the manufacturing procedure by carrying out cooling or heating operation alternatively by converting a refrigerant path via a 3-way valve and to improve the installation thereof due to its minimized volume. A bus cooling/heating system includes a compressor(100) having an oil preheater, a condenser(110), an expansion valve(130), an evaporator(120), a high pressure branch pipe(160) connected to a high pressure pipe(101) connecting the compressor to the condenser and the evaporator by a high pressure 3-way valve(161), a low pressure branch pipe(170) mounted with a cooling water heat exchanger(150) and connected to a low pressure pipe(121) connecting the evaporator to the compressor, and a low pressure 3-way valve(171) connected to an end of the low pressure branch pipe.

Description

버스용 냉/난방 장치{Air-condition/heating system for bus}Air-conditioning / heating system for buses

본 발명은 버스용 냉/난방 장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 배관 내부를 순환하는 냉매의 이동경로를 변경하여 버스 실내의 온도를 상승시키는 난방 및 실내의 온도를 감소시키는 냉방 장치로 선택적으로 사용할 수 있는 버스용 냉/난방 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a cooling / heating device for a bus, and more particularly, to selectively use a heating device for changing a moving path of a refrigerant circulating inside a pipe to increase a temperature of a bus room and a cooling device for reducing a room temperature. It relates to a cooling / heating device for a bus.

일반적으로 버스의 난방장치는 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이 연소식 프리히터(10), 난방용 워터펌프(11), 승객용 히터(12), 운전석 히터(13), 각종 난방용 배관(14)과 연료 배관(15)으로 구성되어 있다. In general, a bus heating apparatus includes a combustion preheater 10, a water pump 11 for heating, a passenger heater 12, a driver's seat heater 13, various heating pipes 14, and a fuel pipe, as shown in FIG. 1. It consists of 15.

상기 연소식 프리히터(10)는 엔진(20)의 열효율이 높아지면서 폐열에 해당하는 냉각수의 온도가 겨울철에 난방 할 수 있도록 신속하게 상승하지 않으므로 추운 겨울철 난방장치의 온도 상승 속도를 증가시키기 위하여 사용되고 있다. The combustion preheater 10 is used to increase the temperature increase rate of the cold winter heating apparatus because the temperature of the cooling water corresponding to the waste heat does not rise rapidly so as to heat in winter as the thermal efficiency of the engine 20 increases. have.

그러나 연소식 프리히터(10)에서 연소된 배기가스는 별도의 정화장치를 통과하지 않게 되므로 각종 오염물질이 다량 포함된 배기가스가 대기로 방출되어 공기를 오염시키게 되는 문제점이 있었다.However, since the exhaust gas combusted in the combustion type preheater 10 does not pass through a separate purification device, the exhaust gas containing a large amount of various pollutants is released into the atmosphere to contaminate the air.

한편, 환경오염을 방지하기 위하여 연소식 프리히터(10)를 설치하지 않을 경 우에는 엔진(20)을 냉각시키면서 열교환하여 온도가 상승된 냉각수를 열원으로 사용하게 되므로 버스의 난방장치는 성능이 현격하게 저하되어 난방성능에 문제가 발생된다.On the other hand, when the combustion type preheater 10 is not installed in order to prevent environmental pollution, the heating device of the bus has a great performance since it uses heat-cooled cooling water as a heat source while cooling the engine 20. This lowers the problem, causing a problem in heating performance.

또한 엔진 냉각수가 버스의 길고 복잡한 전체 난방용 배관을 균일한 속도로 원활하게 유동할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 엔진의 워터펌프와 별도로 난방용 워터펌프를 구비하여야 한다.In addition, in order to allow the engine coolant to smoothly flow the long and complicated entire heating piping of the bus at a uniform speed, a water pump for heating should be provided separately from the engine water pump.

그리고 연소식 프리히터(10)는 구조적으로 연료가 연소될 때 발생되는 배기가스로 인하여 내부가 오염되므로 정기적 또는 부 정기적으로 오염물질을 제거하기 위한 작업을 수해하여야 하므로 유지비용이 증가함은 물론, 심할 경우에는 고장이 발생되었으며, 특히, 연료의 누유로 인한 화재사고에도 노출되어 있는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, since the combustion preheater 10 is structurally contaminated due to the exhaust gas generated when the fuel is combusted, it is necessary to perform a task for removing contaminants periodically or irregularly, so that the maintenance cost is increased. In severe cases, a failure occurred, and in particular, there was a problem of being exposed to a fire accident due to leakage of fuel.

한편, 버스에는 운전석을 난방하기 위한 운전석 히터(13)와 실내를 난방하기 위한 승객용 히터(12)로 구분된다.On the other hand, the bus is divided into a driver's seat heater 13 for heating the driver's seat and a passenger heater 12 for heating the room.

상술한 바와 같이 종래의 운전석 히터(13)는 내외기 전환장치를 갖추고 있어서 신선한 외기를 흡입하여 난방을 할 수 있지만, 승객용 히터(12)는 외부의 신선한 공기를 흡입할 수 있는 어떠한 수단도 강구되지 않았으므로 실내 공기만을 순환시키는 구조로 되어 있다.As described above, the conventional driver's seat heater 13 is equipped with an internal and external air switching device, so that fresh air can be sucked and heated, but the passenger heater 12 may adopt any means capable of sucking external fresh air. Since it is not, it is structured to circulate only indoor air.

따라서, 겨울철 히터 가동시 실내 공기의 답답함으로 인한 승객들의 불만을 해소하지 못하는 문제점이 있었다.Therefore, there is a problem that can not solve the complaints of passengers due to the stuffiness of the indoor air when the heater is operated in winter.

또한 엔진(20)의 예열이 끝나고 냉각수온이 적정 수준에 도달한 상태에서는 실내 난방용 냉각수의 온도조절이 되지 않으므로 히터의 풍량이 감소되도록 저단으로 가동해도 냉각수의 온도가 상승된 상태이므로 뜨거운 공기가 실내를 연속적으로 순환하게 되어 실내 공기가 과도하게 상승되는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, since the temperature of the cooling water for indoor heating is not controlled when the cooling water temperature reaches an appropriate level after the preheating of the engine 20, the hot water is indoors because the temperature of the cooling water is increased even when the air is operated at a low stage to reduce the air volume of the heater. There was a problem that the circulating continuously to be excessively elevated indoor air.

버스의 난방용 배관(14)은 복잡한 차체 구조와 간섭이 방지되도록 복잡하게 설치하게 되므로 초기 차량 설계시와 제작시는 물론, 정비시에도 매우 불편한 문제점이 있었다.Since the heating pipe 14 of the bus is installed to be complicated to prevent the complex body structure and interference, there was a problem that is very inconvenient during initial vehicle design and manufacture, as well as maintenance.

또한, 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이 운전석 히터(13) 및 승객용 히터(12)가 실내 바닥에서 상부로 돌출되어 있는 경우에는 버스에 설치되는 시트의 형태 및 간격에 다라서, 위치를 변경하여야 하며, 특히, 버스 출고 후 실내를 개조하기 위하여 승객의 좌석 간격을 조정할 때 좌석과 간섭을 방지하기 위하여 히터의 위치를 변경할 대에는 난방용 배관(14)의 종류 및 길이가 증가함과 동시에 각 히터를 제어하는 배선의 수와 종류가 증가하는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, when the driver's seat heater 13 and the passenger heater 12 protrude upward from the indoor floor, the position of the driver's seat heater 13 and the passenger heater 12 must be changed depending on the shape and spacing of the seats installed on the bus. In particular, when changing the position of the passenger to adjust the passenger's seat interval to renovate the interior after leaving the bus, the type and length of the heating pipe 14 is increased to control each heater while changing the position of the heater. There has been a problem that the number and type of wirings increase.

한편, 난방용 배관의 길이가 길고 연결부가 많기 때문에 버스 제작시 작업성을 고려하여 배관 연결부 곳곳에 고무 재질의 호스를 채용하고 있으며, 이러한 고무 재질의 호스는 고온의 냉각수와 접촉시 발생되는 열화로 인하여 파손되어 누수가 발생되는 문제점이 있었다.On the other hand, since the length of the heating pipe is long and there are many connections, rubber hoses are used throughout the pipe connections in consideration of workability in making the bus, and these rubber hoses are deteriorated when contacted with high temperature cooling water. There was a problem of water leakage caused by breakage.

그리고, 버스에는 실내의 온도를 감소시키기 위한 냉방장치(30)가 설치되어 있으며, 상기 냉방장치(30)는 도 2의 (a)부분에 나타낸 바와 같이 응축기(31)와 증 발기(32)가 별도로 설치되거나, 도 2의 (b)부분에 나타낸 바와 같이 응축기와 증발기가 한 개의 유닛(33)으로 구성되어 있다.In addition, the bus is provided with a cooling device 30 to reduce the temperature of the room, the cooling device 30 is a condenser 31 and the evaporator 32 as shown in part (a) of FIG. Separately installed or as shown in part (b) of FIG. 2, the condenser and the evaporator are composed of one unit 33.

이러한 냉방장치(30)의 작동상태를 나타낸 첨부도면 도 3을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다. Referring to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings showing the operating state of the cooling device 30 as follows.

먼저, 냉매는 압축기(33)에서 압축되면서 고온 고압의 기체상태로 응축기(31)에 도달한다. First, the refrigerant reaches the condenser 31 in a gas state of high temperature and high pressure while being compressed by the compressor 33.

상기 응축기(31)는 버스 외부의 공기를 이용하여 고온의 냉매를 냉각시켜 중온 고압의 액체 상태로 만든다. The condenser 31 cools a high temperature refrigerant by using air outside the bus, thereby making it a liquid state of medium temperature and high pressure.

응축기(31)를 통과한 중온 고압의 냉매는 팽창밸브(34)를 통과하면서 저온 저압의 습증기 상태로 되며, 다시 증발기(32)를 통과하면서 버스 실내의 더운 공기와 열교환되면서 저온 저압의 기체 상태로 압축기(33)로 복귀하는 것이다.The medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant passing through the condenser 31 becomes a low-temperature low-pressure wet steam state passing through the expansion valve 34, and again passes through the evaporator 32 to heat-exchange with hot air in the bus room to a low-temperature low-pressure gas state. Return to the compressor (33).

즉, 종래에는 상술한 바와 같이 버스의 실내를 난방하기 위한 난방장치의 문제점은 물론, 난방장치와 냉방장치가 각각 별도로 설치되어 있으므로, 설치비용 및 유지비용이 과다하게 소요되는 등의 문제점이 있었다.That is, conventionally, as described above, the heating device for heating the interior of the bus, as well as the heating device and the cooling device are installed separately, there is a problem such as excessive installation cost and maintenance cost.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로서, 그 목적은 버스 실내의 온도를 감소시키도록 냉방장치의 배관 내부를 순환하는 냉매의 순환 경로를 변경하여 냉방장치 또는 난방장치로 사용할 수 있는 버스용 냉/난방 장치를 제공함에 있다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the object is to change the circulation path of the refrigerant circulating inside the piping of the cooling system to reduce the temperature of the bus room can be used as a cooling device or heating device In providing a cooling / heating device.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징적인 구성을 설명하면 다음과 같 다.Referring to the characteristic configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.

본 발명의 버스용 냉/난방 장치는 냉동유 예열기가 구비된 압축기와, 상기 압축기에서 토출되는 냉매를 응축하는 응축기와, 상기 응축기에서 응축된 냉매를 팽창시키는 팽창기와, 상기 팽창기에서 팽창된 냉매와 실내 공기를 열교환하는 증발기와, 상기 압축기와 응축기를 연결하는 고압 배관에 고압용 3방밸브를 매개로 일단이 연결되고 타단은 증발기에 연결된 고압용 분기관과, 엔진을 순환하는 냉각수를 냉각시키는 냉각수용 열교환기와, 상기 냉각수용 열교환기가 설치되고 양 단부는 증발기와 압축기를 연결하는 저압 배관에 연결된 저압용 분기관과, 상기 저압용 분기관의 일단에 설치된 저압용 3방밸브를 포함하여서 된 것이다.The bus cooling / heating apparatus of the present invention includes a compressor equipped with a refrigeration oil preheater, a condenser for condensing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, an expander for expanding the refrigerant condensed in the condenser, and a refrigerant expanded in the expander; One end is connected to the high pressure pipe connecting the compressor and the condenser through the high pressure pipe connecting the compressor and the condenser, and the other end is a high pressure branch pipe connected to the evaporator, and a cooling to cool the coolant circulating the engine. An accommodating heat exchanger, the cooling water heat exchanger is installed, and both ends include a low pressure branch pipe connected to a low pressure pipe connecting an evaporator and a compressor, and a low pressure three-way valve installed at one end of the low pressure branch pipe.

본 발명은 3방 밸브의 조작으로 냉매의 이동 경로를 변경함에 따라서, 냉방 또는 난방을 선택적으로 수행하게 되므로 버스 제작시 공수를 최소화함은 물론, 장치의 부피가 최소화되므로 장착 위치를 용이하게 선정할 수 있는 특유의 효과가 있다.According to the present invention, by changing the moving path of the refrigerant by the operation of the three-way valve, the cooling or heating is selectively performed, thus minimizing the man-hour when manufacturing the bus and of minimizing the volume of the device. There is a distinctive effect.

또한, 본 발명은 냉매 및 냉각수를 이용하게 되므로 난방을 위한 별도의 연료비가 발생되지 않게 되어 비용을 절감함과 동시에 환경오염을 방지할 수 있는 특유의 효과가 있다.In addition, since the present invention uses the refrigerant and the cooling water, a separate fuel cost for heating is not generated, thereby reducing the cost and at the same time preventing the environmental pollution.

또한, 본 발명은 냉방은 물론, 난방시에도 외부 공기를 흡입하여 순환시키게 되므로 버스 실내의 공기를 쾌적한 상태로 유지할 수 있는 특유의 효과가 있다.In addition, the present invention has a peculiar effect of keeping the air in the bus room in a comfortable state because it circulates by sucking outside air during heating as well as cooling.

본 발명을 나타낸 첨부도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.When described with reference to the accompanying drawings showing the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치를 나타낸 개략도이고, 도 5는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치를 나타낸 블록 구성도이며, 도 6은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 냉방용 증발기를 나타낸 개략도이고, 도 7은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 난방용 증발기를 나타낸 개략도이며, 도 8은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 냉방 운전시 냉매 흐름을 나타낸 블록 구성도이고, 도 9는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 난방 운전시 냉매 흐름을 나타낸 블록 구성도이다. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a bus cooling / heating apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a bus cooling / heating apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a bus cooling / heating according to the present invention 7 is a schematic view showing a cooling evaporator of the device, Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a heating evaporator of a cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention, Figure 8 is a refrigerant flow during the cooling operation of the cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention 9 is a block diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow during heating operation of a bus cooling / heating device according to the present invention.

여기에서 참조되는 바와 같이 본 발명은 냉매를 압축하는 압축기(100)가 마련되어 있되, 상기 압축기(100)에는 냉동유 예열기가 구비되어 있다.As referred to herein, the present invention is provided with a compressor 100 for compressing a refrigerant, and the compressor 100 is provided with a refrigeration oil preheater.

상기 냉동유 예열기를 설치하는 이유는 혹한기에 난방을 위하여 냉방장치를 가동하기 위해서는 압축기를 가동시키기 전에 저온으로 인하여 점도가 떨어져 있는 냉동유를 예열시켜 압축기 가동에 필요한 점도를 유지하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명에 사용되는 냉동유 예열기는 버스에서 출력되는 24V 직류 전원으로 구동하는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 압축기(100)가 가동을 시작하여 냉동유 온도가 적정수준에 도달하면 냉동유 예열기는 오프 되는 것이다.The reason for installing the refrigeration oil preheater is to maintain the viscosity required to operate the compressor by preheating the refrigeration oil having a low viscosity due to the low temperature before operating the compressor in order to operate the cooling device for heating in cold weather, the present invention The refrigeration oil preheater to be used is preferably driven by a 24V DC power output from the bus, the refrigeration oil preheater is turned off when the compressor 100 starts operation and the refrigeration oil temperature reaches an appropriate level.

한편, 상기 압축기(100)의 출측에는 고압 배관(101)의 일단이 연결되어 있고, 그 고압 배관(101)의 타단은 응축기(110)의 입측에 연결되어 있다.Meanwhile, one end of the high pressure pipe 101 is connected to the outlet side of the compressor 100, and the other end of the high pressure pipe 101 is connected to the inlet side of the condenser 110.

그리고, 상기 응축기(110)의 출측에는 연결관(111)의 일단이 연결되어 있고, 상기 연결관(111)의 타단은 증발기(120)의 입측에 연결되어 있으며, 상기 연결 관(111)에는 응축기(110)에서 응축된 냉매를 팽창시키는 팽창기(130)가 설치되어 있다.In addition, one end of the connection pipe 111 is connected to the outlet side of the condenser 110, and the other end of the connection pipe 111 is connected to the inlet side of the evaporator 120, and the condenser is connected to the connection pipe 111. An expander 130 is installed to expand the refrigerant condensed at 110.

상기 증발기(120)의 출측에는 저압 배관(121)의 일단이 연결되어 있고, 상기 저압 배관(121)의 타단은 압축기(100)의 입측에 연결되어 있다.One end of the low pressure pipe 121 is connected to the outlet side of the evaporator 120, and the other end of the low pressure pipe 121 is connected to the inlet side of the compressor 100.

또한, 상기 고압 배관(101)과 증발기(120)의 입측에는 고압용 분기관(160)이 연결되어 있고, 상기 고압 배관(101)과 고압용 분기관(160)의 연결부에는 냉매의 이동 경로를 변경시키기 위한 고압용 3방밸브(161)가 설치되어 있다.In addition, a high pressure branch pipe 160 is connected to the inlet side of the high pressure pipe 101 and the evaporator 120, and a movement path of the refrigerant is connected to the connection portion of the high pressure pipe 101 and the high pressure branch pipe 160. A high pressure three-way valve 161 is provided for changing.

한편, 증발기(120)의 출측과 압축기(100)의 입측 사이에는 저압 배관(121)이 설치되어 있되, 그 저압 배관(121)에는 저압용 분기관(170)이 연결되어 있고, 상기 저압용 분기관(170)과 저압 배관(121)의 연결부에는 냉매의 이동 경로를 변경시키기 위한 저압용 3방밸브(171)가 설치되어 있다.On the other hand, a low pressure pipe 121 is provided between the outlet side of the evaporator 120 and the inlet side of the compressor 100, the low pressure branch 121 is connected to the low pressure branch pipe 170, the low pressure component The low pressure three-way valve 171 for changing the movement path of the refrigerant is provided at the connection portion between the engine 170 and the low pressure pipe 121.

그리고, 상기 저압용 분기관(170)에는 엔진(140)을 순환하는 냉각수를 냉각시키기 위한 냉각수용 열교환기(150)가 마련되어 있되, 상기 냉각수용 열교환기(150)는 순환관(141)을 매개로 엔진(140)과 연결되어 있고, 상기 순환관(141)에는 냉각수의 이동을 제어하기 위한 냉각수 밸브(142)가 설치되어 있다.In addition, the low pressure branch pipe 170 is provided with a cooling water heat exchanger 150 for cooling the cooling water circulating the engine 140, the cooling water heat exchanger 150 is a medium for the circulation pipe 141. Is connected to the furnace engine 140, the circulation pipe 141 is provided with a coolant valve 142 for controlling the movement of the coolant.

또한, 저압용 분기관(170)과 냉각수용 열교환기(150)의 연결부에는 팽창밸브(172)가 설치되어 있다. In addition, an expansion valve 172 is provided at a connection portion between the low pressure branch pipe 170 and the cooling water heat exchanger 150.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명은 고온 고압의 냉매 순환 경로를 변경하여 냉방 및 난방이 가능하게 되는 것이다.The present invention configured as described above is capable of cooling and heating by changing the refrigerant circulation path of the high temperature and high pressure.

즉, 증발기(120)는 난방시 응축기로 사용되고, 이때 응축기(110)는 정지되는 것이다.That is, the evaporator 120 is used as a condenser when heating, and the condenser 110 is stopped at this time.

한편, 냉각수 열교환기(난방용 증발기)(150)가 별도로 설치되어 차가운 냉매와 뜨거운 엔진(140)을 냉각시키는 냉각수 사이에 열교환이 이루어지므로 엔진(140)이 가동되면, 혹한기에도 안정적으로 가동되는 것이다.On the other hand, since the cooling water heat exchanger (heating evaporator) 150 is separately installed and heat exchange is performed between the coolant cooling the coolant and the hot engine 140, the engine 140 is operated stably even in cold weather.

이하에서는 본 발명의 냉/난방 장치의 작동상태를 설명한다.Hereinafter will be described the operating state of the cooling / heating apparatus of the present invention.

먼저, 냉방운전시에는 종래의 냉방장치와 동일하게 냉매가 순환되는 것이다.First, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is circulated in the same manner as the conventional cooling apparatus.

즉, 도 8에 나타낸 바와 같이 고압용 3방밸브(161)는 냉매가 고압 배관(101)으로 이동되도록 절환된 상태이고, 저압용 3방밸브(171)는 냉매가 저압 배관(121)으로 이동되도록 절환된 상태이므로, 압축기(100)에서 압축된 냉매는 응축기(110)롤 공급되어 응축된 후 연결관(111)에 설치된 팽창기(130)를 통과하면서 팽창되어 증발기(120)로 공급되는 것이다.That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the high pressure three-way valve 161 is switched to move the refrigerant to the high pressure pipe 101, and the low pressure three-way valve 171 moves the refrigerant to the low pressure pipe 121. Since it is switched state, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 100 is supplied to the condenser 110 and condensed and then expanded while passing through the expander 130 installed in the connection pipe 111 to be supplied to the evaporator 120.

상기 증발기(120)로 공급된 냉매는 흡입팬(180)의 작동에 의해서 흡입되는 외부 공기와 교환 한 후 압축기(100)로 유입되는 것이고, 상기 흡입팬(180)에 의해서 흡입된 외부 공기는 온도가 감소된 상태로 버스의 실내로 유입되는 것이다.The refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 120 is introduced into the compressor 100 after being exchanged with the external air sucked by the operation of the suction fan 180, and the external air sucked by the suction fan 180 has a temperature. Flows into the interior of the bus in a reduced state.

한편, 난방운전시에는 도 9에 나타낸 바와 같이 압축기(100)에서 토출되는 냉매가 고압용 분기관(160)으로 이동되도록 고압용 3방밸브(161)가 절환된 상태이고, 저압용 3방밸브(171)는 저압 배관(121)을 통하여 이동하는 냉매를 냉각수 열교환기(150)로 순환시키도록 절환된 상태이다.Meanwhile, in the heating operation, as shown in FIG. 9, the high pressure three-way valve 161 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is moved to the high pressure branch pipe 160. 171 is a state switched to circulate the refrigerant moving through the low pressure pipe 121 to the cooling water heat exchanger (150).

따라서, 압축기(100)에서 토출되는 냉매는 고압 배관(101) 및 고압용 분기관(160)을 통하여 증발기(120)로 공급되고, 상기 냉매는 흡입팬(180)의 작동에 의 해서 흡입되는 외부 공기와 교환 한 후 압축기(100)로 유입되는 것이고, 상기 흡입팬(180)에 의해서 흡입된 외부 공기는 온도가 상승된 상태로 버스의 실내로 유입되는 것이다.Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is supplied to the evaporator 120 through the high pressure pipe 101 and the high pressure branch pipe 160, and the refrigerant is sucked by the operation of the suction fan 180. After exchange with air is introduced into the compressor 100, the outside air sucked by the suction fan 180 is introduced into the interior of the bus in a state where the temperature is raised.

한편, 상기 증발기(120)를 통과한 냉매는 저압용 3방밸브(171)에 의해서 저압용 분기관(170)으로 이동되는 것이고, 상기 저압용 분기관(170)의 타단에 설치된 팽창밸브(172)를 통과하면서 팽창된 후 냉각수 열교환기(150)로 유입되는 것이다.Meanwhile, the refrigerant passing through the evaporator 120 is moved to the low pressure branch pipe 170 by the low pressure three-way valve 171, and the expansion valve 172 installed at the other end of the low pressure branch pipe 170. After being expanded while passing through) is introduced into the cooling water heat exchanger (150).

상기 냉각수 열교환기(150)로 유입된 냉각수는 엔진(140)을 냉각시키도록 순환되는 냉각수와 열교환된 후 압축기(100)로 유입되는 것이다.The coolant introduced into the coolant heat exchanger 150 is introduced into the compressor 100 after heat exchange with the coolant circulated to cool the engine 140.

이때 상기 냉각수 열교환기(150)로 유입되는 냉각수는 순환관(141)에 설치된 냉각수 밸브(142)에 의해서 조절되는 것이다.At this time, the coolant flowing into the coolant heat exchanger 150 is controlled by the coolant valve 142 installed in the circulation pipe 141.

도 1은 일반적인 버스용 난방장치를 나타낸 개략도.1 is a schematic view showing a general bus heating apparatus.

도 2는 일반적인 버스용 냉방장치를 나타낸 개략도.Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling device for a general bus.

도 3은 일반적인 버스용 냉방장치의 작동상태를 나타낸 블록 구성도.Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the operating state of a typical bus air conditioner.

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치를 나타낸 개략도.Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention.

도 5는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치를 나타낸 블록 구성도.Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a bus cooling / heating device according to the present invention.

도 6은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 냉방용 증발기를 나타낸 개략도.6 is a schematic view showing an evaporator for cooling of a cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention.

도 7은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 난방용 증발기를 나타낸 개략도.Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the evaporator for heating of the cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention.

도 8은 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 냉방 운전시 냉매 흐름을 나타낸 블록 구성도.Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the flow of refrigerant during the cooling operation of the cooling / heating device for a bus according to the present invention.

도 9는 본 발명에 따른 버스용 냉/난방 장치의 난방 운전시 냉매 흐름을 나타낸 블록 구성도. Figure 9 is a block diagram showing a refrigerant flow during heating operation of the bus air conditioning / heating device according to the present invention.

※도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명※※ Explanation of symbols about main part of drawing ※

100 : 압축기100: compressor

101 : 고압 배관101: high pressure piping

110 : 응축기110: condenser

120 : 증발기120: evaporator

121 : 저압 배관121: low pressure pipe

130 : 팽창기130: Inflator

150 : 냉각수용 열교환기150: cooling water heat exchanger

160 : 고압용 분기관160: high pressure branch pipe

161 : 고압용 3방밸브161: 3 way valve for high pressure

170 : 저압용 분기관170: low pressure branch pipe

171 : 저압용 3방밸브171: 3 way valve for low pressure

172 : 팽창밸브172 expansion valve

180 : 흡입팬180: suction fan

Claims (3)

냉동유 예열기가 구비된 압축기(100)와, 상기 압축기(100)에서 토출되는 냉매를 응축하는 응축기(110)와, 상기 응축기(110)에서 응축된 냉매를 팽창시키는 팽창기(130)와, 상기 팽창기(130)에서 팽창된 냉매와 실내 공기를 열교환하는 증발기(120)와, 상기 압축기(100)와 응축기(110)를 연결하는 고압 배관(101)에 고압용 3방밸브(161)를 매개로 일단이 연결되고 타단은 증발기(120)에 연결된 고압용 분기관(160)과, 엔진(140)을 순환하는 냉각수를 냉각시키는 냉각수용 열교환기(150)와, 상기 냉각수용 열교환기(150)가 설치되고 양 단부는 증발기(120)와 압축기(100)를 연결하는 저압 배관(121)에 연결된 저압용 분기관(170)과, 상기 저압용 분기관(170)의 일단에 설치된 저압용 3방밸브(171)를 포함함을 특징으로 하는 버스용 냉/난방 장치.A compressor 100 having a refrigeration oil preheater, a condenser 110 for condensing the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100, an expander 130 for expanding the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 110, and the expander The high pressure three-way valve 161 is connected to the high pressure pipe 101 connecting the compressor 100 and the condenser 110 to the evaporator 120 to heat-exchange the refrigerant expanded at 130 and the indoor air. The other end is connected to the high pressure branch pipe 160 connected to the evaporator 120, the cooling water heat exchanger 150 for cooling the cooling water circulating the engine 140, and the cooling water heat exchanger 150 is installed And both ends of the low pressure branch pipe 170 connected to the low pressure pipe 121 connecting the evaporator 120 and the compressor 100, and a low pressure three way valve installed at one end of the low pressure branch pipe 170. 171). A bus / cooling device for a bus, characterized by the above-mentioned. 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 저압용 분기관(170)의 타단에 팽창밸브(172)가 더 설치됨을 특징으로 하는 버스용 냉/난방 장치.The bus cooling / heating device according to claim 1, wherein an expansion valve (172) is further installed at the other end of the low pressure branch pipe (170). 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 증발기(120)의 일측에는 외부 공기를 실내로 흡입하는 흡입팬(180)이 더 설치됨을 특징으로 하는 버스용 냉/난방 장치.The bus cooling / heating device according to claim 1, wherein a suction fan (180) is installed at one side of the evaporator (120) to suck outside air into the room.
KR1020070066549A 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Air-condition/heating system for bus KR100836111B1 (en)

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DE102009028467A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2011-02-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for using waste heat
CN102126410A (en) * 2011-01-13 2011-07-20 珠海银通新动力科技有限公司 Air-conditioning system for automobiles
FR2975344B1 (en) * 2011-05-20 2016-04-29 Valeo Systemes Thermiques APPARATUS FOR HEATING, VENTILATION AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING COMPRISING AN AIR CIRCULATION CHANNEL CONVERTING A HEAT EXCHANGER

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KR20040079686A (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-16 한라공조주식회사 Heater System of an Automobile

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KR20040079686A (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-09-16 한라공조주식회사 Heater System of an Automobile

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