KR100828149B1 - Self-curable crystal growth waterproof material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite waterproofing agent that is applied to the outside of the concrete concrete during construction or in order to improve the water tightness of the concrete sphere and to prevent cracking, 5 to 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate relative to 100 parts by weight of the cement, 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand powder with an average particle diameter of 20 to 50 μm, 20 to 80 parts by weight of silica sand with an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm, anhydrous gypsum 5 to It relates to a crystal growth-type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that 40 parts by weight are used.

In the case of using the waterproofing agent according to the present invention, by adding a certain amount when placing concrete, the structure of the concrete sphere is dense, and thereafter, insoluble crystals are generated when a crack occurs inside or outside the concrete sphere, thereby having an effect of self-healing.

Waterproofing agent, self-healing, crystal growth

Description

Self-curable crystal growth waterproof material {Self-curable crystal growth waterproof material}

1 is a schematic view showing the waterproofing mechanism of the composite waterproofing agent according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a process for producing a pellet-type waterproofing agent according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a photograph showing a pellet-type waterproofing agent prepared by the waterproofing agent manufacturing process according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a photograph comparing the state of the concrete sphere surface when and without the waterproofing agent of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a photograph showing the crystals produced by immersing the concrete sphere prepared by adding the waterproofing agent of the present invention in water for 7 days and 30 days.

Figure 6 is a photograph showing the various insoluble crystals produced by the leakage of the concrete sphere prepared by adding the waterproofing agent of the present invention.

7 is a photograph showing a self-healing process in which insoluble crystals grow and fill gaps and cracks when water leaks after a crack occurs in a concrete sphere to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added.

The present invention relates to a composite waterproofing agent which is used in addition to the concrete pouring or applied to the surface of the concrete structure.

After casting concrete spheres, the microcracks generated in the surface and inside of the sphere during the hydration reaction decrease the strength of the concrete spheres. In particular, when excess water is added to facilitate the operation of concrete spheres, more cracks occur during the hydration reaction. In addition, cracks may occur in a concrete structure due to various external environmental factors. If a leak occurs, physical properties such as compressive strength and durability of the structure are significantly reduced. This may result in property damages due to the shortening of the lifespan of the building structure and the cost of repairs.

The existing composite waterproofing agent includes a concrete waterproofing agent used for mixing in concrete pouring and a coating waterproofing agent used for applying to the surface of the concrete concrete. The existing waterproof waterproofing agent has improved the waterproofing performance of concrete by adding a material such as artificial pozzolanic activator, fly ash, which is a method of adding a substance that reacts with a pozzalan, and naphthalene sulfonate, a coarse admixture Was filed under application number 10-2000-0020503.

In addition, conventionally developed coating waterproofing agents include organic substances that form a waterproof polymer coating film as a main component, inorganic substances such as siliceous-based powders, and a mixture of organic and inorganic substances. A method of manufacturing and attaching a waterproof laminated sheet using a two-component polyurethane resin, which shortens the time required for polymer curing reaction during construction, has been developed and filed under Patent Application No. 10-1999-0061510. In addition, a permeable coating waterproofing agent in which silica sand, talc, bicarbonate and the like is mixed with Portland cement has been developed and filed under Patent Application No. 10-1995-0042372. In addition, as a waterproofing agent mixed with organic and inorganic materials, a method of manufacturing by adding an acrylic emulsion to a siliceous powder type coating waterproofing agent has been developed and filed with a patent application No. 10-1998-0050366.

As described above, there are technologies developed for the purpose of waterproofing or coating waterproofing. However, in the case of a concrete waterproofing agent mainly composed of a substance causing a pozzolanic reaction, when the initial leakage occurs, the waterproofing agent contained in the sphere exhibits a waterproofing performance, but when the leakage occurs again in the future, the waterproofing performance is not properly represented. In addition, even in the case of the various coating waterproofing agents described above, even when the waterproofing agent is applied to a crack or a leak generating part to exhibit waterproofing performance, when a crack occurs in the future, the waterproofing coating layer is destroyed and thus no longer exhibits waterproofing performance.

The present invention devised to solve the problems as described above, the self-healing crystal growth complex that can be self-healed by growing insoluble crystals at the site when the crack or gap occurs after the construction of the concrete structure is leaked We want to provide a waterproofing agent.

In addition, it is intended to provide a crystal growth-type composite waterproofing agent that not only improves workability by adding in concrete pouring but also improves physical properties such as strength and durability of the concrete structure and allows the concrete structure to have a dense structure.

In addition, the present invention is a self-healing decision that can reduce the construction cost and maintenance costs by showing a continuous waterproof performance even if the leakage occurs in the concrete structure, the waterproofing agent exhibits waterproof performance and then leaks again without additional waterproof construction It is intended to provide a growth composite waterproofing agent.

The present invention for achieving the object as described above, by mixing with the concrete composition, or by applying or injecting on the surface of the poured concrete structure insoluble crystals grow when water leaks in cracks or crevices of the concrete structure to crack the self The present invention relates to a self-healing, self-healing crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent. The self-healing crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent of the present invention is characterized by using a mixture of cement, sodium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, bentonite, silica sand, silica sand, and anhydrous gypsum.

The content is 5 to 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 to 80 parts by weight of silica sand, and anhydrous gypsum based on 100 parts by weight of cement. It is preferable to use 40 parts by weight because it has a better waterproof effect, but is not limited thereto.

The self-healing crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent of the present invention can be used in pellet form, powder form or a mixture thereof. In this case, the waterproof mixture may be mixed and used in powder form, but it is preferable to use the mixture after preparing each pellet, since the waterproof mixture may be more effectively exhibited over a long period of time.

In the case of powder, the very properties are applied when mixing with concrete, and the structure is dense when concrete is poured and the strength or durability of the concrete structure is improved, and when used as pellets, when mixing when concrete is mixed If the concrete is cracked after the concrete is poured, the water-soluble polymer of the pellet is dissolved by water when there is a leakage of rain, etc., so that the crystal grows and self-heals the crack. . That is, it is preferable to use a mixture of the powder and pellets when the concrete beams are used, because it acts even when the cracks occur during or after concrete pouring. The composite waterproofing agent of the present invention may be mixed with water to apply or inject the cracked portion of concrete to heal the cracked portion.

In addition, it is preferable to use three kinds of pellets using the waterproof mixture, and then use the mixture with the powdery compound to maximize the waterproofness. Using the waterproof mixture of the present invention, it is also possible to prepare three pellet-type waterproofing agents such as sodium carbonate pellets, waterproof mixture pellets, and silica sand pellets, and then mix and use three pellets.

That is, one aspect of the present invention is a crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that a mixture of cement, sodium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, bentonite, silica sand, silica sand, anhydrous gypsum, wherein the composite waterproofing agent is a powder mixture, the powder mixture It can be used as a pellet or a mixture of the powdered mixture and the pellet is cured by mixing with a water-soluble polymer solution.

Another embodiment includes a powdered mixture of cement, bentonite, anhydrous gypsum, silica sand powder and aluminum sulfate; (a) sodium carbonate pellets mixed with sodium carbonate and a water-soluble polymer solution; (b) a waterproof mixture pellet in which a waterproof mixture composed of bentonite, aluminum sulfate and silica sand powder and a water-soluble polymer solution are mixed; (c) silica pellet, a water-soluble polymer solution of silica sand, bentonite and a mixture of water-soluble polymer; a mixture of three pellets.

Hereinafter, each of the components used in the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the composite waterproofing agent that can be used as a powdery mixture or pellets, or a mixture thereof as one embodiment of the present invention, 5 to 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, bentonite It is preferable to use 10-80 weight part, 20-70 weight part of silica sand powders with an average particle diameter of 20-50 micrometers, 20-80 weight part of silica sand with an average particle diameter of 1-5 mm, and 5-40 weight part of anhydrous gypsum.

When sodium carbonate leaks due to cracks or crevices in the interior and surface of concrete spheres, it generates carbonate anions and reacts with ionic substances such as calcium ions dissolved in the leaked water to form insoluble calcium carbonate to form cracks or crevices. When it is used less than 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, the amount of insoluble calcium carbonate is not generated effectively, so it does not show the waterproofing performance effectively. When it is used by more than 50 parts by weight, the reaction of producing calcium carbonate is excessive. It is preferable to use the said range because it can inhibit insoluble crystal formation reactions, such as a calcium silicate crystal formation reaction by advancing.

The aluminum sulfate plays a role of promoting the formation of various insoluble crystals in the sphere when leakage occurs, when less than 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement is produced less insoluble crystals do not exhibit an effective waterproofing function , 60 parts by weight or more, it is preferable to use the above range because the insoluble crystal formation reaction may proceed excessively to reduce the physical properties of the spheres.

The bentonite absorbs water or moisture and has a great ability to swell, and reacts with various compounds in the leaked water to grow crystals. When the bentonite is used in an amount of 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of cement, Its ability to absorb and grow crystals is weak, so it does not have an effective waterproofing function. When used at 80 parts by weight or more, it may inhibit the reaction of other components that produce insoluble crystals due to excessive water absorption at the initial stage of leakage. It is preferable to use the above range as it may.

The silica sand powder has an average particle diameter of 20 to 50 μm, and when water leaks on concrete spheres, the silica sand powder reacts with various ionic compounds in the water leakage to generate insoluble crystals such as calcium silicate. It is used to show the effective waterproofing function by speeding up the reaction. When it is used at 20 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, the amount of insoluble crystals is less produced, which makes it difficult to show an effective waterproofing function. In this case, since the amount of insoluble crystals produced is large, it may inhibit the physical properties of the sphere and may inhibit other reactions such as insoluble calcium carbonate formation reaction.

The silica sand means that the average particle diameter is 1 ~ 5 mm, because the particle size is larger than the silica sand powder can have a long-term action compared to the silica sand powder. The silica sand serves to provide a silicic acid component necessary to proceed with the reaction to generate an insoluble calcium silicate by reacting with the chemical component in the water leaked from the concrete sphere, which is used at 20 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement In this case, the amount of calcium silicate produced is difficult to exhibit an effective waterproofing performance, and when used in an amount of 80 parts by weight or more, it is preferable to use the above range because the amount of produced calcium silicate is excessively high, which may lower the physical properties of the sphere.

The anhydrous gypsum serves to generate insoluble calcium silicate crystals and insoluble calcium carbonate by densifying the structure of concrete spheres during concrete hydration and providing calcium ions at the time of leakage, with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. When it is used below 5 parts by weight, the amount of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate produced is not effective, and the waterproof function is not effective. When it is used above 40 parts by weight, the amount of calcium silicate and calcium carbonate is excessively high, thereby deteriorating the properties of the concrete sphere. It is preferable to use the above range because it can be made.

If the method for producing these into pellets,

1) mixing a mixture of cement, sodium carbonate, aluminum sulfate, bentonite, silica sand powder, silica sand and anhydrous gypsum with water and a water-soluble polymer;

2) drying and cutting the mixture after extrusion to prepare pellets;

3) applying a water-soluble polymer solution to the pellet;

It is prepared by the mixture, the mixture is based on 100 parts by weight of sodium carbonate 5 to 50 parts by weight, aluminum sulfate 10 to 60 parts by weight, bentonite 10 to 80 parts by weight, silica sand powder having an average particle diameter of 20 to 50 ㎛ 20 ~ 70 By weight, using 20 to 80 parts by weight of silica sand having an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm, 5 to 40 parts by weight of anhydrous gypsum have excellent waterproof effect, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, after step 3) 4) dispersing the prepared pellet form in the powder phase; It is also possible to use a mixture of powder form and pellet form further comprising.

The powdery phase is 5 to 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand powder having an average particle diameter of 20 to 50 μm, and an average particle size of 100 parts by weight of cement. It is preferable to use 20-80 weight part of silica sand which is 1-5 mm, and 5-40 weight part of anhydrous gypsum.

In the present invention, the water-soluble polymer is preferably at least one selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, water-soluble epoxy resin, water-soluble silicone resin, water-soluble urethane resin. One is not limited to this. More preferably, it is preferable to use a molecular weight of 10,000 to 9,000,000, it is preferable to mix 1 to 90% by weight of water-soluble polymer and 10 to 99% by weight of water, it is used by mixing in 1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of powder do.

In addition, it will be described in detail with respect to another embodiment of the present invention, after mixing the waterproofing agent in each pellet for each component, and then mixed with the powdery form. In the present invention, when manufacturing the respective pellets, more preferably, three kinds of sodium carbonate pellets, waterproof mixture pellets, and silica sand pellets are preferably used in admixture with the powder phase, so that each function is preferable. In the case of sodium carbonate pellets, when water leaks in cracks or crevices of concrete spheres, the water-soluble polymer coated on the outside of the pellets melts due to the leakage and releases carbonate ions contained in the pellets. At this time, the released carbonate ions react with the calcium ions contained in the concrete spheres to form insoluble calcium carbonate solids, thereby filling the cracks and crevices of the spheres. In the case of the waterproofing mixture pellets, when the cracks or crevices of the concrete spheres leak, the water-soluble polymer coated on the outside of the pellets is melted by the leakage and releases the waterproofing mixture contained therein. At this time, the waterproof mixture reacts with the material contained in the concrete sphere to grow insoluble crystals such as calcium silicate to fill the crack or gap of the sphere. In the case of silica sand pellets, when water leak occurs in the cracks or gaps of the concrete spheres, the water-soluble polymer coated on the outside of the pellets is melted by the water leak and silica sand is released. In this case, siliceous sand provides a silicic acid component necessary for the reaction of various compounds in the leak to grow insoluble crystals. Therefore, various kinds of insoluble solids and crystals can be produced by appropriate combination of the three pellets. In addition, by using the three pellets together with the relatively fast waterproofing powder phase, when the leakage occurs due to the cracks or crevices of the sphere to respond quickly to show the waterproofing performance as well as to generate insoluble solids and crystals over a long period of time The reaction can be induced, and the waterproof performance can be exerted for a long time.

Specifically, the powdery mixture of cement, bentonite, anhydrous gypsum, silica sand powder, aluminum sulfate; (a) sodium carbonate pellets mixed with sodium carbonate and a water-soluble polymer solution; (b) a waterproof mixture pellet in which a waterproof mixture composed of bentonite, aluminum sulfate and silica sand powder and a water-soluble polymer solution are mixed; (c) Silica pellets in which a waterproof mixture composed of silica sand and bentonite and a water-soluble polymer solution are mixed.

At this time, it is preferable to use three pellets of (a) sodium carbonate pellets, (b) water-resistant mixture pellets, and (c) silica pellets in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the powdery mixture, and the powdery mixture is cement It consists of 10-80 weight part of bentonite, 5-40 weight part of anhydrous gypsum, 20-70 weight part of silica sand powder, and 10-60 weight part of aluminum sulfate with respect to 100 weight part.

The (a) sodium carbonate pellet is a mixture of 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution with respect to 100 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, (b) the water-resistant mixture pellet is 10 to 80% by weight bentonite, 20 to 60% by weight aluminum sulfate, silica sand 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution is mixed with respect to 100 parts by weight of the waterproof mixture made of 20 to 70% by weight of powder, and (c) the silica pellet is mixed with 60 to 80% by weight of silica sand and 20 to 40% by weight of bentonite. 1 to 50 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the waterproof mixture. At this time, the water-soluble polymer solution is 1 to 90 weight of any one or more water-soluble polymer selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, water-soluble epoxy resin, water-soluble silicone resin, water-soluble urethane resin % Is mixed with 10 to 99% by weight of water, it is preferable to use 1 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the waterproof mixture, but is not limited thereto. However, when the amount exceeds 50 parts by weight, the pellet is not preferable because it is sticky by the water-soluble polymer.

The following describes a method for producing each of these pellets.

1) (a) sodium carbonate; (b) a waterproof mixture consisting of bentonite, aluminum sulfate and silica sand powder; (c) mixing a water-soluble polymer and water in each of the waterproof mixture consisting of silica sand and bentonite;

2) preparing the mixture in pellet form after extrusion and drying and cutting, respectively;

3) applying a water soluble polymer solution to each of said pellets;

4) Each of the pellets prepared by the above steps 1) to 3) is based on 100 parts by weight of cement, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 5 to 40 parts by weight of gypsum, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand powder, aluminum sulfate 10 Dispersing in a powder phase consisting of ˜60 parts by weight;

Is made of.

At this time, it is preferable to use the three types of pellets mixed with the powder form as necessary, and more preferably to mix the three types of pellets in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the powder form. no. However, if the amount exceeds 100 parts by weight, the bulk of the pellet is not easily mixed with concrete.

At this time, the ratio of each pellet is not limited, The user can mix and use as needed. More preferably, the sodium carbonate pellets are used in an amount of 1 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the powdery mixture, and when used in an amount of 1 parts by weight or less, the amount of insoluble sodium carbonate is low, which makes it difficult to effectively demonstrate the waterproofing function, and 40 parts by weight. In the case of the above use, since the amount of sodium carbonate is excessively high, it may act as a factor for inhibiting the formation reaction of other insoluble crystals.

The waterproof mixture pellets are preferably used in an amount of 1 to 60 parts by weight, and when used in an amount of 1 part by weight or less, the amount of insoluble crystals, including calcium silicate, is low, making it difficult to effectively demonstrate the waterproofing function. It is preferable to use the above range because crystals may be excessively generated to degrade the properties of the concrete spheres.

Preferably, the silica sand pellets are used in an amount of 1 to 40 parts by weight, and when used in an amount of 1 part by weight or less, the amount of insoluble calcium silicate crystal is small, so that it does not exhibit waterproof performance over a long period of time. It is preferable to use the above range because the reaction proceeds excessively and may inhibit calcium carbonate formation or other insoluble crystal formation reaction.

In the present invention, the size of the pellet is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm, because the size of the pellet is less than 0.1 mm because the size is too small, because the pellet is broken in the process of mixing or applying to the surface of the sphere waterproof It is difficult to properly exhibit the performance, and if the size of the pellet is 5 mm or more, the size is too large to release the material inside the pellet when the leak occurs, it is difficult to exhibit the waterproof performance quickly and effectively, and the waterproof construction process can be difficult. In addition, when coating the water-soluble polymer solution, it is preferable to apply a thickness of 50 ~ 700 ㎛, when applied to 50 ㎛ or less is not preferable because the water-soluble polymer is dissolved when mixed with concrete, it is applied to more than 700 ㎛ It is not preferable because the time to dissolve by water becomes long.

When used as the powder form in the present invention, when applied to the wall surface or the bottom surface of the concrete structure, it penetrates into the structure and when present meets the leaking water quickly reacts to produce insoluble crystals and solid precipitates.

In the present invention, the three pellet-type mixtures having the waterproofing properties are present in the interior or surface of the structure, and when the leakage occurs due to cracks or crevices of the structure, the water-soluble polymer coated on the outside of the pellet is removed while the material inside is eluted. Meets the components of to form insoluble crystals and solid precipitates. The reaction proceeds to produce insoluble crystals and solid precipitates as described above only at the leaked portion, and exhibits self-healing function filled with crystals and solid precipitates that have grown cracks or crevices in concrete structures, resulting in strength and durability of the structure. To improve.

As described above, since the outside of the pellet is coated with a water-soluble polymer, it can effectively exhibit a waterproof function not only at the time of initial leakage but also at a later leak for a long time, and has a self-healing function that fills cracks or gaps by itself.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic view showing a process showing the self-healing crystal growth type waterproof performance after the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added to cement concrete. Figure 1 (a) shows the construction of the waterproofing agent of the present invention by mixing the concrete structure, (b) shows the occurrence of leaks by the occurrence of microcracks or gaps on the outside or inside of the structure, ( C) shows the self-healing process in which the waterproofing agent fills the cracks or gaps of the structure by generating insoluble crystals and insoluble precipitates by water or moisture at the leaked part of the structure. Cracks and crevices inside and outside show self-healing.

Figure 2 shows the manufacturing process of the composite waterproofing agent of the pellet form of the present invention. (A) is appropriately dry mixed with the pellet mixture component to prepare the composition of cement, sodium carbonate, bentonite, aluminum sulfate, silica sand powder, silica sand, etc., and then mixed with a water-soluble polymer solution or water and a water-soluble polymer, It is a schematic diagram showing the process of making a thin thread, and cutting the long thread-like mixture into a pellet of a small size after drying through a heat drying apparatus. (B) shows the process of coating the outside of the pellet by spraying the water-soluble polymer solution to the mixture in the form of pellets using an injector, (c) shows three types of waterproofing agent in the form of pellets coated with a water-soluble polymer on the outside.

3 shows that the three pellets of the present invention prepared a waterproofing agent. (A) is a picture of the production of sodium carbonate pellets, (B) is a picture of manufacturing the pellets of the waterproofing agent mixture, (C) is a picture of the manufacture of silica sand pellets, (D) is a three kinds of pellet-type waterproofing and powdery waterproofing The photograph which produced the composite waterproofing agent of this invention which mixed this is shown.

Figure 4 is a photograph comparing the state of the surface of the concrete structure when not added and when the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added. Figure 4 (a) is a photograph showing the appearance of observing the surface of the structure without addition of the waterproofing agent of the present invention, (b) is a more dense state of the structure of the concrete structure prepared by adding the waterproofing agent of the present invention It is photograph to show.

FIG. 5 is a photograph showing that leakage occurs in concrete spheres to which 5 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent of the present invention is generated to generate insoluble crystals and precipitates. (A) is a photograph showing the state before the leak occurs in the concrete spheres with the waterproofing agent of the present invention, (B) is immersed in the water of the tank concrete concrete with the waterproofing agent of the present invention and left for 7 days It is a photograph showing the surface where a lot of small crystals are formed, and (C) is a photograph showing the surface where a large number of insoluble crystals are formed after immersing the concrete sphere to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is immersed in water of a tank for 30 days.

FIG. 6 is a photograph showing various insoluble crystals generated by leaking concrete spheres to which 5 parts by weight of the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added. FIG. (A) is a photograph showing the state before the leakage occurs in the concrete spheres with the waterproofing agent of the present invention, (B) and (C) is generated after 7 days of leakage to the concrete spheres with the waterproofing agent of the present invention (D) and (E) are micrographs (X600) showing the crystals produced after 30 days of leakage to the concrete sphere to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added.

7 is a photograph showing a self-healing process in which insoluble crystals and insoluble precipitates generated by leaking concrete spheres to which the waterproofing agent is added fill the gaps or cracks of the spheres. (A) and (B) are micrographs (X600) showing leaks in concrete spheres to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added and filling in the gap while insoluble crystals are formed, and (C) and (D) are the present invention. This is a micrograph (X600) showing the self-healing process that fills the cracks as leaks occur after the cracks occur in the concrete spheres to which the waterproofing agent is added.

The composite waterproofing agent of the present invention is added with cement in an appropriate ratio when producing concrete in a batcher plant, or in the case of concrete before hydration already produced in a batcher plant, the present waterproofing agent is added in an appropriate ratio to a ready-mixed concrete arriving at the site. When the cement concrete is beamed on site, the waterproofing agent is added at an appropriate ratio, or when the cement concrete mixture is mixed with water, the waterproofing agent is added at an appropriate ratio, or the waterproofing agent and the cement concrete component of the present invention are dried. It can be used by mixing, after adding water to cement concrete and mixing, it can be used by mixing this waterproofing agent, it can be applied to the surface of the constructed concrete sphere, and it can be used by injecting into the crack or crevice of the constructed concrete sphere. It is also possible.

When the composite waterproofing agent of the present invention is added to a concrete sphere and poured, it is preferable to use 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement mixed in concrete, and when used in less than 1 part by weight, insoluble exhibiting waterproof performance The amount of crystals and insoluble precipitates is low, which makes it difficult to show effective waterproofing performance. When used in excess of 20 parts by weight, it affects the hydration reaction of concrete spheres, resulting in a decrease in the strength and durability of the spheres themselves. do.

When the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added and used during concrete placement, the fluidity is improved and workability is improved, and a dense structure is formed during the hydration reaction, so that the water absorption and water permeability are large, that is, waterproof. Properties such as increased strength, reduced shrinkage, and reduced absorbency.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the following Examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

[Production Example 1]

Sodium carbonate Pellet  Produce

100 parts by weight of sodium carbonate was mixed with 20 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution prepared from 3% by weight of polyethylene oxide, which is a water-soluble polymer, and 97% by weight of water, and then placed in an inlet of an extruder having a diameter of 0.7 mm. The long, elongated mixture coming out of the nozzle end of the extruder was sufficiently dried with a 70 ° C. hot air using a dryer and then cut into small pellets of 1 mm size. The water-soluble polymer solution in which 15 wt% of polyvinylpyrrolidone and 85 wt% of water was mixed with the pellet was spray coated and dried at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes.

[Production Example 2]

Waterproof mixture Pellet  Produce

20 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution obtained by mixing 3% by weight of a polyethylene oxide and 97% by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of a dry mixture of 50% by weight of bentonite, 20% by weight of aluminum sulfate, and 30% by weight of silica sand powder After mixing, the nozzle was placed in an inlet of an extruder having a diameter of 0.7 mm. The elongated thread-like mixture coming out of the nozzle end of the extruder was sufficiently dried with a 70 ° C. hot air using a dryer and then cut into small pellet sizes of 1 mm in size. And the water-soluble polymer solution mixed with 15% by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone, which is a water-soluble polymer, and 85% by weight of water, was spray coated on the outside of the pellets, and dried at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes.

[Production Example 3]

Quartz sand Pellet  Produce

To 70 parts by weight of silica sand, 30 parts by weight of bentonite was mixed with 100 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution mixed with 3 parts by weight of polyethylene oxide, which is a water-soluble polymer and 97% by weight of water, to 20 parts by weight. It was placed in the inlet of an 0.7 mm extruder. The elongated thread-like mixture coming out of the nozzle end of the extruder was sufficiently dried with a 70 ° C. hot air using a dryer and then cut into small pellet sizes of 1 mm in size. And the water-soluble polymer solution mixed with 15% by weight of polypyrrolidone, which is a water-soluble polymer and 85% by weight of water, was spray-coated on the outside of the cut pellet and dried at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes.

[Production Example 4]

Preparation of Mixed Waterproofing Agents

100 parts by weight of cement, 100 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 parts by weight of anhydrous gypsum, 30 parts by weight of silica sand powder, 15 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate pellets prepared in Preparation Example 1, prepared 30 parts by weight of the waterproof mixture pellets prepared in Example 2 and 20 parts by weight of the silica sand pellets prepared in Preparation Example 3 were mixed to disperse the pellets evenly on the powder to prepare a mixed waterproofing agent.

Example 1

After mixing cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 4 by weight, dry mixing 5 parts by weight of the composite waterproofing agent prepared in Preparation Example 4 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and then mixed by adding 60 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of cement. After the hydration reaction was allowed to proceed for 7 days at room temperature.

Comparative Example 1

Cement and sand were mixed in a 1: 4 weight ratio, and then 60 parts by weight of water was added and mixed with 100 parts by weight of cement in the mixture.

Experimental Example 1

Waterproof performance test

In Example 1, the dry cement concrete structure of which the hydration reaction was completed and the cement concrete structure of Comparative Example 1 were added and maintained for 7 days and 30 days in a state in which the structure was impregnated in water to maintain the wet state sufficiently at room temperature. .

Experimental Example 2

Self-healing Performance test

After the crack was generated on the surface of the concrete sphere in Example 1 was maintained for 7 days and 30 days in the structure impregnated in water at room temperature.

The surface of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was enlarged 600 times using a microscope of Sometech, and the presence or absence of insoluble crystals was generated by leakage and photographed. The state was photographed.

As shown in FIG. 4,

Unlike the spheres without adding the waterproofing agent of the present invention as in (a), it can be seen that the surface structure of the spheres with the waterproofing agent of the present invention is much denser as in the case of (b).

As shown in FIG. 5,

Insoluble crystals do not grow until water leaks on the sphere containing the waterproofing agent of the present invention as in case (a), but when the sphere containing the waterproofing agent of the present invention is impregnated in water for 7 days as in the case of (b) Fine insoluble crystals grow, and it can be observed that a large amount of insoluble crystals grew when the sphere containing the waterproofing agent of the present invention was impregnated in water for 30 days as in the case of (C).

As shown in FIG.

It can be seen that insoluble crystals do not grow until a leak occurs in the sphere to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added as in the case of (a), and as in the case of (b) and (c), It can be observed that insoluble crystals grew when soaked in water for 7 days, and various insoluble crystals were formed when the sphere added with the waterproofing agent of the present invention was soaked in water for 30 days as in the case of (D) and (E). You can observe the growth.

As shown in FIG.

As in (a) and (b), leakage of the spheres to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added, and insoluble crystals grow, can be observed to fill the gaps in the spheres, (c) and (d) As in the case of the present invention, it can be observed that the insoluble crystals grow and self-heae the cracks by leaking after the crack occurs in the sphere to which the waterproofing agent of the present invention is added.

In the case of using the composite waterproofing agent according to the present invention, when used in addition to the concrete sphere has the effect of maintaining permanent waterproofing and durability, and when applied to the surface of the concrete sphere is permanent waterproofing and self-healing cracks and gaps There is a performance. In addition, the present invention has the effect of reducing the construction cost and maintenance costs, because no additional waterproofing process is required by generating the insoluble crystals again to show the waterproofing performance without the need for additional waterproofing even if the leak occurs later on the leaking site.

Claims (16)

5 to 50 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand, 20 to 80 parts by weight of silica sand, and 5 to 40 parts by weight of gypsum Crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent characterized in that the use of a part. The method of claim 1, The silica sand powder has an average particle diameter of 20 ~ 50μm, the crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that the silica sand has an average particle diameter of 1 ~ 5mm. The method of claim 2, The composite waterproofing agent is a crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that the powdered mixture, the pellets by mixing the powdered mixture with a water-soluble polymer solution or a mixture of the powdered mixture and the pellets. The method of claim 3, wherein The water-soluble polymer solution is 1 to 90% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, water-soluble epoxy resin, water-soluble silicone resin, water-soluble urethane resin Crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent characterized in that mixed with 10 to 99% by weight of water. Cement concrete composition, characterized in that using the crystal growth-type composite waterproofing agent of any one of claims 1 to 4. A cement concrete structure poured using the cement concrete composition of claim 5. 100 parts by weight of powdered mixture consisting of 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 5 to 40 parts by weight of anhydrous gypsum, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand powder, and 10 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate; (a) sodium carbonate pellets in which 100 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution are mixed; (b) a waterproof mixture pellet comprising 100 parts by weight of a waterproof mixture consisting of 10 to 60% by weight of bentonite, 20 to 60% by weight of aluminum sulfate and 20 to 70% by weight of silica sand powder and 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution; (c) a silica pellet comprising 100 parts by weight of a waterproof mixture consisting of 60 to 80% by weight of silica sand and 20 to 40% by weight of bentonite and 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution; Crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that the mixture of three pellets of 1 to 100 parts by weight. delete delete delete The method of claim 7, wherein The water-soluble polymer solution is 1 to 90% by weight of at least one water-soluble polymer selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, water-soluble epoxy resin, water-soluble silicone resin, water-soluble urethane resin Crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent characterized in that mixed with 10 to 99% by weight of water. Cement concrete composition, characterized in that using the crystal growth type composite waterproofing agent of any one of claims 7 or 11. A cement concrete structure poured using the cement concrete composition of claim 12. 1) (a) 100 parts by weight of sodium carbonate; Or (b) 100 parts by weight of a waterproof mixture consisting of 10 to 60% by weight of bentonite, 20 to 60% by weight of aluminum sulfate, and 20 to 70% by weight of silica sand powder; Or (c) 100 parts by weight of a waterproof mixture consisting of 60 to 80 wt% of silica sand and 20 to 40 wt% of bentonite; Mixing 1 to 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer solution composed of 1 to 90% by weight of water-soluble polymer and 10 to 99% by weight of water, respectively; 2) preparing the mixture in pellet form after extrusion and drying and cutting, respectively; 3) applying a water soluble polymer solution to each of said pellets; 4) Each of the pellets prepared by the above steps 1) to 3) is based on 100 parts by weight of cement, 10 to 80 parts by weight of bentonite, 5 to 40 parts by weight of gypsum, 20 to 70 parts by weight of silica sand powder, aluminum sulfate 10 Dispersing on a powder consisting of ˜60 parts by weight; Method for producing a crystal growth-type composite waterproofing agent, characterized in that consisting of. delete The method of claim 14, The water-soluble polymer is a crystal growth complex waterproofing agent, characterized in that any one or more selected from polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, water-soluble epoxy resin, water-soluble silicone resin, water-soluble urethane resin Manufacturing method.

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