KR100823305B1 - Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same - Google Patents

Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR100823305B1
KR100823305B1 KR1020060107211A KR20060107211A KR100823305B1 KR 100823305 B1 KR100823305 B1 KR 100823305B1 KR 1020060107211 A KR1020060107211 A KR 1020060107211A KR 20060107211 A KR20060107211 A KR 20060107211A KR 100823305 B1 KR100823305 B1 KR 100823305B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
flame retardant
condensed phosphate
polystyrene resin
phosphate ester
reactive flame
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020060107211A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
윤종호
김경기
Original Assignee
대광공업(주)
윤종호
김경기
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 대광공업(주), 윤종호, 김경기 filed Critical 대광공업(주)
Priority to KR1020060107211A priority Critical patent/KR100823305B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR100823305B1 publication Critical patent/KR100823305B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/06Organic materials
    • C09K21/12Organic materials containing phosphorus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0066Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/904Flame retardant

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

A condensed phosphate reactive flame retardant, a method for preparing the condensed phosphate reactive flame retardant, and a flame retardant polyester resin using the flame retardant are provided to improve flame retardancy and to prevent the generation of toxic gas by containing no halogen atom. A condensed phosphate reactive flame retardant is represented by the formula 1, wherein Ar is a phenyl group; and R is -NH-C(=O)-NH- or -NH-CH2-CH2-NH. The condensed phosphate reactive flame retardant is prepared by heating POCl3 in the presence of a metal halogen catalyst at 90-110 deg.C to melt it and adding phenol drop by drop for esterification at 80-130 deg.C; cooling it and adding urea or ethylenediamine to obtain a viscous liquid; adding to it to obtain a crystal; and neutralizing and drying the crystal.

Description

축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 함유하는 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지{Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same}Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation etc, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same}

본 발명은 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 함유하는 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 구체적으로는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 화합물로 이루어진 새로운 반응성 난연제, 이의 제조방법 및 상기 반응성 난연제를 폴리스티렌 모노머와 공중합시켜 제조한 난연 폴리스티렌 수지에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant, a method for preparing the same, and a flame retardant polystyrene resin containing the same, and more particularly to a new reactive flame retardant made of a condensed phosphate ester-based compound, a method for preparing the same, and the reactive flame retardant A flame retardant polystyrene resin prepared by copolymerization with a polystyrene monomer.

일반적으로 스티렌계 수지는 가공성과 기계적 강도가 양호하여 주로 전기·전자제품의 외장재로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 상기 스티렌계 수지는 그 자체로 불꽃에 대한 저항성이 없고 외부의 점화요인에 의해 불꽃이 점화되면 수지 자체가 연소를 도와주는 에너지로 작용하여 지속적으로 불을 확산시키게 된다. 근래에 들어 전자 제품 중 텔레비전의 경우 성형품이 대형화, 박막화의 추세로 진행되고 있으며, 색상 또한 진한 흑색에서부터 엷은 밝은 색까지 넓어지고 있는 상황이다. 그러므로 이러한 분야에 적용되는 스티렌계 수지는 난연성뿐만 아니라, 필히 사출 가공 성형성과 열 안정성을 동시에 충족시켜야하는 문제를 안고 있다.In general, styrene-based resins have good processability and mechanical strength, and are mainly used as exterior materials for electrical and electronic products. However, the styrene-based resin itself is not resistant to sparks, and when the spark is ignited by an external ignition factor, the resin itself acts as an energy to assist combustion to continuously spread the fire. In recent years, in the case of television among electronic products, molded products are becoming larger and thinner, and colors are also widening from dark black to pale bright colors. Therefore, styrene-based resins applied in these fields have a problem in that not only flame retardancy but also injection molding moldability and thermal stability must be simultaneously met.

일반적으로 수지에 난연성을 부여하는 방법으로는 난연제와 난연 보조제를 첨가하는 첨가형 난연화법과 중합시 난연성 분자를 함유하는 특수한 단량체를 이용하여 수지를 제조하는 중합형 난연화법으로 나눌 수 있다. 이들 중 중합형 난연화법은 실험 단계에서 많은 연구가 진행되었으나, 높은 비용과 난연성 달성의 어려움으로 인해 상업화된 제품은 출시되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 대부분의 상품화된 난연 수지는 컴파운딩 시 비활성원소인 할로겐 또는 인 등을 함유한 난연제를 첨가하는 첨가형 난연화법에 의해 제조되고 있다.Generally, the method of imparting flame retardancy to a resin may be divided into an additional flame retardant method in which a flame retardant and a flame retardant aid are added, and a polymerized flame retardant method in which a resin is prepared using a special monomer containing a flame retardant molecule during polymerization. Among them, many researches have been conducted in the experimental stage of the polymerization type flame retardant method, but commercialized products have not been released due to high cost and difficulty in achieving flame retardancy. Therefore, most commercialized flame retardant resins are prepared by an additive flame retardant method in which a flame retardant containing halogen or phosphorus, which is an inert element, is added during compounding.

스티렌계 수지에 난연성을 부여하기 위해 난연제를 첨가하는 첨가형 난연화법은 주로 할로겐 함유 유기화합물과 안티몬함유 무기화합물 중에서 선택되는 하나 또는 그 이상의 성분을 수지에 첨가시켜 제조하게 된다. 그런데, 할로겐 함유 유기화합물은 주로 브롬 또는 염소화합물로서 스티렌계 수지에 첨가할 때 난연성은 매우 우수한 반면 전반적인 물성에 심각한 저하를 일으키게 된다. 또한 열 안정성이 저하되는 문제가 있다. 따라서, 난연 수지를 제조하는데 있어서는 우수한 난연성을 유지하면서 물성 및 부수적인 영향을 최소화시키는 기술이 매우 중요하다. An additional flame retardant method in which a flame retardant is added to impart flame retardancy to a styrene resin is prepared by adding one or more components selected from halogen-containing organic compounds and antimony-containing inorganic compounds to the resin. By the way, the halogen-containing organic compound is mainly bromine or chlorine compound, when added to the styrene resin is very excellent in flame retardancy, but causes serious degradation in the overall physical properties. In addition, there is a problem that the thermal stability is lowered. Therefore, in manufacturing a flame retardant resin, a technique of minimizing physical properties and side effects while maintaining excellent flame retardancy is very important.

알려진 대표적 축합형 인계 난연제로는 다이머릭 티오포스포릭 아닐 아닐리데(dimeric thiophosphoric anil anilide; DTA)와 다이머릭 포스포릭 아닐 아닐리데(dimeric phosphric anil anilide; DIP) 등이 있으며, 미국특허 제3,449,161호(페인트에 첨가하여 난연 페인트의 제조에 사용하는 방법), 한국 등록특허 제 483652호 및 제443044호(축합형 인산 에스테르의 제조방법), 제344493호(유기인계에스테르 화합물의 제법 및 반응성 난연제) 등이 알려져 있다. Known representative condensed phosphorus-based flame retardants include dimeric thiophosphoric anil anilide (DTA) and dimeric phosphric anil anilide (DIP) and the like, and US Pat. Added to paints and used in the manufacture of flame retardant paints), Korean Patent Nos. 483652 and 443044 (Method for producing condensed phosphate esters), No. 34,493 (Method for producing organic phosphorus ester compounds and reactive flame retardants). Known.

그러나 일반적으로 축합형 인계 난연제는 제조방법이 어렵고 수율이 낮아 생산 비용이 높은 단점이 있다. However, in general, condensed phosphorus-based flame retardants have a disadvantage in that the manufacturing method is difficult and the yield is low, the production cost is high.

이에 본 발명에서는 전술한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 광범위한 연구를 거듭한 결과, 유기(organic) 인 및 아민과 같은 기능기를 포함하는 함 질소 화합물을 주성분으로 하는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 화합물이 연소 시 인과 질소 간의 난연 상승효과를 극대화시키는 화학구조를 가지고 있어 인계 난연제로서 우수한 효과를 나타낸다는 것을 발견하였고, 본 발명은 이에 기초하여 완성되었다.Therefore, in the present invention, as a result of extensive research in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the condensed phosphate ester compound having a nitrogen-containing compound containing functional groups such as organic phosphorus and amine as a main component during combustion It has been found that having a chemical structure that maximizes the flame retardant synergistic effect between phosphorus and nitrogen shows an excellent effect as a phosphorus-based flame retardant, the present invention was completed based on this.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 고분자 수지에 효과적인 난연제로 사용될 수 있는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제를 제공하는 데 있다.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant that can be used as an effective flame retardant in polymer resins.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 반응성 난연제의 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the reactive flame retardant.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 상기 난연제를 함유하는 폴리스티렌 수지를 제공하는데 있다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide a polystyrene resin containing the flame retardant.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제는 하기 화학식 1로 표시된다.Condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant according to the present invention for achieving the above object is represented by the following formula (1).

Figure 112006080126311-pat00001
Figure 112006080126311-pat00001

여기서, Ar은 페닐기(phenyl)를 나타내며, R은

Figure 112007077041055-pat00004
또는 -NH-CH2-CH2-NH-이다.Where Ar represents a phenyl group and R is
Figure 112007077041055-pat00004
Or -NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH-.

상기 다른 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 상기 반응성 난연제의 제조방법은 ⅰ) 금속할로겐 촉재하에서, POCl3를 가열시켜 용해시킨 후, 페놀을 적하시켜 에스테르화 반응을 시키는 단계; (ⅱ) 상기 에스테르화 반응이 완료되면 냉각한 후, 우레아(urea) 또는 에틸렌디아민을 첨가하여 점성액체를 얻는 단계; (ⅲ) 상기 점성액체에 물을 가하여 결정을 얻는 단계; 및 (ⅳ) 상기 결정을 중화정제 및 건조시키는 단계;를 포함한다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a reactive flame retardant comprising: i) dissolving POCl 3 under a metal halide catalyst, followed by dropwise addition of phenol for an esterification reaction; (Ii) cooling after completion of the esterification reaction and adding urea or ethylenediamine to obtain a viscous liquid; (Iii) adding water to the viscous liquid to obtain crystals; And (iii) neutralizing and drying the crystals.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적을 달성하기 위한 상기 난연성 폴리스티렌수지는 폴리스티렌 모노머에 대하여 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제 1∼10중량% 중합된 것을 특징으로 한다.The flame retardant polystyrene resin for achieving another object of the present invention is characterized in that 1 to 10% by weight of the condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant represented by the formula (1) relative to the polystyrene monomer.

이하 본 발명을 좀 더 구체적으로 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the present invention in more detail as follows.

전술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제는 하기 화학식 1로 표시된다.As described above, the condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant according to the present invention is represented by the following formula (1).

화학식 1Formula 1

Figure 112006080126311-pat00002
Figure 112006080126311-pat00002

여기서, Ar은 페닐기(phenyl)를 나타내며, R은

Figure 112007077041055-pat00005
또는 -NH-CH2-CH2-NH-이다.Where Ar represents a phenyl group and R is
Figure 112007077041055-pat00005
Or -NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH-.

본 발명에 따른 축합형 인산 에스테르계 난연제는 유기 인과 아민과 같은 기능기를 포함한 함 질소 화합물을 주성분으로 하고 있으며 연소 시 인과 질소간의 난연 상승효과를 극대화시키는 화학구조를 가지고 있어 난연성이 우수하다. 따라서, 탄소를 고분자 쇄로 하는 거의 모든 고분자 수지, 예를 들어 각종 알킬 수지, 아크릴 수지, 에폭시 수지, 폴리에스테르 수지, 폴리스티렌 수지, 폴리우레탄 수지 등에 효과적인 난연제로 사용할 수 있다. 또한 본 축합형 인산 에스테르계 난연제는 인과 질소 화합물을 주성분으로 하기 때문에 브롬과 같은 할로겐 화합물을 사용하는 난연제와 달리 연소 시 독성기체를 방출하지 않는 친환경적 난연제이다. The condensed phosphate ester flame retardant according to the present invention has a nitrogen-containing compound containing functional groups such as organic phosphorus and amine as a main component, and has a chemical structure that maximizes a flame retardant synergistic effect between phosphorus and nitrogen when combusted. Therefore, it can be used as an effective flame retardant for almost all polymer resins which use carbon as a polymer chain, for example, various alkyl resins, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polystyrene resins, polyurethane resins and the like. In addition, since the condensed phosphate ester flame retardant is composed mainly of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds, unlike the flame retardant using a halogen compound such as bromine, it is an environmentally friendly flame retardant that does not emit toxic gas during combustion.

한편, 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제를 제조하기 위해서는 먼저, 금속 할로겐 촉매 존재하에서, POCl3를 가열시켜 용해시킨 후, 방향족 알코올을 적하시켜 에스테르화 반응을 시킨다. 상기 에스테르화 반응이 완료되면 냉각한 후, 디아민류를 첨가하여 점성액체를 얻는다. 그 다음, 상기 점성액체에 물을 가하여 결정을 얻은 후 상기 결정을 중화, 정제 및 건조시킨다.On the other hand, in order to manufacture the condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant represented by the formula (1), in the presence of a metal halogen catalyst, POCl 3 is heated to dissolve, and then dropwise aromatic alcohol is subjected to esterification reaction. After the esterification reaction is completed, after cooling, diamines are added to obtain a viscous liquid. Then, water is added to the viscous liquid to obtain crystals, and the crystals are neutralized, purified and dried.

본 발명의 방법에서 디아민류 첨가 반응까지는 액상으로 반응이 진행되고 마지막 단계인 물 또는 가성소다 용액으로 중화 정제과정을 거쳐서 얻어진 축합형 인산 에스테르 생성물은 상온에서 흰색의 고체이며 소수성이다. 이 반응은 모든 공정이 한 반응로 내에서 연속적으로 이루어지므로 반응이 간편하고 수율이 높다.In the process of the present invention, the reaction proceeds in the liquid phase until the addition of the diamines, and the condensed phosphate ester product obtained through neutralization and purification with water or caustic soda solution is white solid and hydrophobic at room temperature. This reaction is simple and high in yield since all processes are carried out continuously in one reactor.

본 발명에 따른 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지는 투명한 연노랑 또는 황색으로 착색이 되나 중합시 첨가하는 난연제 양이 소량(1∼10중량%, 바람직하게는 2.5∼7중량%)일 뿐 아니라 반응성 난연제의 특성을 가지므로 색상을 제외한 다른 폴리스티렌의 물성 변화는 나타나지 않는다. 상기 난연제의 첨가량이 1중량% 미만이면 난연성이 부족하고, 10중량%를 초과하면 수지의 물성이 저하될 수 있다.The flame retardant polystyrene resin according to the present invention is colored in light yellow or transparent yellow, but the amount of flame retardant added during the polymerization is not only a small amount (1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 7% by weight) but also has the characteristics of a reactive flame retardant. There is no change in the properties of polystyrene except color. If the amount of the flame retardant is less than 1% by weight, the flame retardancy is insufficient, and if the amount exceeds 10% by weight, the physical properties of the resin may be lowered.

또한, 중합시킨 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지에 무기 난연제인 Al(OH)3, Mg(OH)2, 또는 TiO2 등의 무기 난연제를 난연 폴리스티렌 수지에 첨가하면 백색 또는 상아색으로 나타나므로 상기 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지는 성형 또는 발포 가공하여 난연성을 요구하는 각종 전기 및 전자제품 그리고 건축용 내장재 및 외장재로 적합하다. 특히, 폴리스티렌 수지를 발포 가공한 스티로폼은 많은 독립된 발포 셀 구조를 가진 특성적 구조를 가져 단열효과가 뛰어난 단열재로 많이 사용한다. 그러나 스티 로폼은 이러한 셀 구조 때문에 첨가형 난연제를 사용할 경우 난연제를 스티로폼 전체에 균일하게 분산시키기 어려운 문제점이 있다. 본 발명에 따른 난연제는 반응형이기 때문에 이러한 문제점이 원칙적으로 없어지므로 발포 가공하여 난연 스티로폼을 제조하기에 적합하다.In addition, when an inorganic flame retardant such as Al (OH) 3 , Mg (OH) 2 , or TiO 2 , which is an inorganic flame retardant, is added to the flame retardant polystyrene resin, the flame retardant polystyrene resin is formed or polymerized. It is suitable for various electrical and electronic products that require flame retardancy by foam processing and interior and exterior materials for construction. In particular, styrofoam foamed polystyrene resin has a characteristic structure having a number of independent foam cell structure is used as a heat insulating material having excellent heat insulating effect. However, styrofoam has a problem that it is difficult to uniformly disperse the flame retardant throughout the styrofoam when using the additive-type flame retardant. Since the flame retardant according to the present invention is reactive, this problem is eliminated in principle, so it is suitable for producing a flame retardant styrofoam by foaming.

본 발명에 따르면, 금속 할로겐 촉매를 첨가한 POCl3 용액을 90∼110℃로 가열하여 용해시킨 후 페닐류의 방향족 알코올과 반응시켜 에스테르화시키면 무색 또는 연노랑색의 모노아릴포스포로디클로리데이트(monoarylphosphorodichloridate) 혼합용액이 생성된다(J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 727, 1958). 이 혼합용액을 식힌 후 디아민류를 첨가하여 반응시키면 흰색 또는 상아색의 점성액체가 생성되고 이 점성액체에 물을 가하면 흰색의 결정이 얻어진다. 이렇게 얻어진 결정을 수세하고, 수산화나트륨과 같은 중화제로 중화, 여과, 그리고 건조 과정을 거쳐 정제물을 얻는 방법이다. 이렇게 얻은 정제물이 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 반응성 난연제이다. 상기 반응성 난연제는 각종 알코올, DMF, 에틸렌글리콜, 아세톤 등 유기 용매에 잘 용해되나 물에 대한 용해도는 거의 없다.According to the present invention, the POCl 3 solution to which the metal halide catalyst is added is dissolved by heating to 90-110 ° C., and then reacted with an aromatic alcohol of phenyl to esterify it with a colorless or light yellow monoarylphosphorodichloride ( monoarylphosphorodichloridate) solution (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 727, 1958). After cooling the mixed solution and reacting with addition of diamines, a viscous liquid of white or ivory color is formed. When water is added to the viscous liquid, white crystals are obtained. The crystal thus obtained is washed with water, and neutralized, such as sodium hydroxide, neutralized, filtered and dried to obtain a purified product. The purified product thus obtained is a reactive flame retardant represented by Chemical Formula 1. The reactive flame retardant is well soluble in various organic solvents such as alcohol, DMF, ethylene glycol, acetone, but little solubility in water.

본 발명에서 사용할 수 있는 금속 할로겐 촉매로는 AlCl3, ZnCl2, 또는 FeCl3 등이 있으며, 첨가 반응 시 사용할 수 있는 디아민류는 우레아(urea) 및 탄소수 2∼15의 포화 또는 불포화 지방족이나 방향족 디아민류를 이며, 사용한 POCl3 양을 기준으로 1∼2 몰비까지 첨가하여 반응시킬 수 있다. 첨가반응에서 반응성이 좋은 아릴 디아민류(예를 들어, 에틸렌디아민)는 -10∼50℃의 범위가 적합하며, 우레아의 경우 반응성이 낮아 반응온도는 이보다 높은 30∼100℃의 범위가 적합하다. 이 온도 범위를 벗어나면 반응 시간이 너무 오래 걸리거나 디아민류의 양쪽 아민기를 중심으로 한 중합반응 등의 부반응이 일어날 수 있다. 상기 반응시간은 1∼5시간이다.Metal halide catalysts usable in the present invention include AlCl 3 , ZnCl 2 , FeCl 3 and the like, and diamines that can be used during the addition reaction include urea and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic diamines having 2 to 15 carbon atoms. Can be reacted by adding up to 1 to 2 molar ratios based on the amount of POCl 3 used. In the addition reaction, aryl diamines (eg, ethylenediamine) having good reactivity are suitable in the range of -10 to 50 ° C, and in the case of urea, the reaction temperature is suitable in the range of 30 to 100 ° C, which is higher than this. If it is out of this temperature range, reaction time may take too long or side reactions, such as a polymerization reaction centering on both amine groups of diamines, may arise. The reaction time is 1 to 5 hours.

한편, 적외선 분광기(IR), 핵자기공명 분광기(NMR), 질량 분광기(Mass), 및 CHN 원소 분석기로 확인한 상기 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제는 다이머릭 아릴 포스포릴 아마이드(dimeric aryl phosphoryl amide)의 구조를 가지고 있으며 상기 화학식 1로 일반화할 수 있다.Meanwhile, the condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant confirmed by an infrared spectrometer (IR), a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), a mass spectrometer (Mass), and a CHN element analyzer is a dimeric aryl phosphoryl amide. Has a structure and can be generalized to the formula (1).

이하 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더욱 자세히 설명하지만, 하기 실시예에 의해 본 발명의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following Examples.

실시예 1Example 1

난연제 제조Flame retardant manufacturers

교반기, 온도계, 그리고 냉각기가 부착된 500㎖ 4구 플라스크에 질소 기체를 환류하면서 POCl3 77.5g과 AlCl3 약 1.5g을 넣고 용해시킨 후 가열하여 온도 100∼105℃로 유지하면서 페놀 47g을 적하 깔때기를 사용하여 약 50분간 교반하면서 적하하면 염산이 발생하며 에스테르화 반응이 일어난다. 에스테르화 반응이 완료되면 이를 65℃로 냉각하여 우레아 약 45g을 6등분하여 6회에 걸쳐 약 2시간 동안 온도 70∼90℃를 유지하여 교반하면서 투입하면 백색 또는 상아색의 점성액체가 생성된다. 이 점성액체에 상온의 물을 약 85㎖ 넣으면 다량의 염산 기체가 발생하며 흰색 의 침전물이 생성된다. 이 침전물을 4회 수세한 후 NaOH 용액으로 pH 6∼7로 중화한 후 여과하고 80℃에서 72시간 건조하여 백색 분말상태의 난연제 64.6g을 얻었다. 이 반응의 수율은 87%이며 DSC로 측정한 이 물질의 녹는점은 160∼165℃ 이다.Stirrer, thermometer, and condenser was attached 500㎖ 4 under reflux of nitrogen gas into the flask to POCl 3 and 77.5g AlCl 3 of about 1.5g to 47g of phenol were dissolved with heating to maintain the temperature 100~105 ℃ dropping funnel If it is added dropwise with stirring for about 50 minutes, hydrochloric acid is generated and esterification reaction occurs. When the esterification reaction is completed, it is cooled to 65 ° C., and about 45 g of urea is divided into six equal parts, and the mixture is added with stirring while maintaining the temperature of 70 to 90 ° C. for about 2 hours in six times to produce a white or ivory viscous liquid. When 85 ml of water at room temperature is added to this viscous liquid, a large amount of hydrochloric acid gas is generated and a white precipitate is formed. The precipitate was washed with water four times, neutralized with NaOH solution to pH 6-7, filtered and dried at 80 ° C. for 72 hours to obtain 64.6 g of a white powdery flame retardant. The yield of this reaction is 87% and the melting point of this material, as measured by DSC, is 160 to 165 ° C.

실시예 2 Example 2

난연제 제조Flame retardant manufacturers

교반기, 온도계, 그리고 냉각기가 부착된 500㎖ 4구 플라스크에 질소 기체를 환류하면서 POCl3 77.5g과 AlCl3 약 1.5g을 넣고 용해시킨 후 가열하여 온도 100∼105℃를 유지하면서 페놀 47g을 적하 깔때기를 사용하여 약 50분간 교반하면서 적하하면 염산이 발생하며 에스테르화 반응이 일어난다. 에스테르화 반응이 완료되면 이를 -5℃로 냉각하여 에틸렌디아민 45g을 40분 동안 적하 깔때기로 교반하며 적하하면 백색 또는 상아색의 점성액체가 생성된다. 이때 온도는 30∼50℃로 유지한다. 이 점성액체에 상온의 물을 약 85㎖ 넣으면 다량의 염산 기체가 발생하면서 흰색의 침전물이 생성된다. 이 침전물을 4회 수세한 후 NaOH 용액으로 pH 6∼7로 중화한 후 여과하고 50℃에서 72시간 건조하여 백색 분말상태의 난연제 58.1g을 얻었다. 수율은 78%이며 DSC로 측정한 이 물질의 녹는점은 60∼65℃ 이다. Stirrer, thermometer, and condenser was attached 500㎖ 4 under reflux of nitrogen gas into the flask to POCl 3 and 77.5g AlCl 3 of about 1.5g to 47g of phenol and heated to maintain the temperature 100~105 ℃ was dissolved dropping funnel If it is added dropwise with stirring for about 50 minutes, hydrochloric acid is generated and esterification reaction occurs. When the esterification reaction is completed, it is cooled to -5 ° C, 45g of ethylenediamine is stirred with a dropping funnel for 40 minutes, and when dropped, a white or ivory viscous liquid is produced. At this time, the temperature is maintained at 30 ~ 50 ℃. When 85 ml of water at room temperature is added to this viscous liquid, a large amount of hydrochloric acid gas is generated to produce a white precipitate. The precipitate was washed with water four times, neutralized with NaOH solution to pH 6-7, filtered and dried at 50 ° C. for 72 hours to give 58.1 g of a white powdery flame retardant. The yield is 78% and the melting point of this material, measured by DSC, is 60-65 ° C.

실시예 3 Example 3

난연 폴리스티렌 수지 제조Flame Retardant Polystyrene Resin Manufacture

500㎖의 비이커에 폴리스티렌 모노머 194g과 실시예 1에서 제조한 난연제 6g(3 중량%)을 넣고, 약 200℃에서 약 11분간 교반하면 투명한 연노랑색의 괴상 폴 리스티렌 수지가 형성된다. 이렇게 얻어진 괴상 폴리스티렌 수지를 실리콘 이형제로 도포한 알루미늄 틀에 넣어 약 200℃로 가열된 열압기(hot press)에 0∼200 kgf/㎠의 압력을 약 15분간 가하여 가로 세로 두께가 400㎜ x 300㎜ x 2㎜인 투명한 연노랑색의 난연 폴리스티렌 필름을 제조하였다. 이렇게 제조한 난연 폴리스티렌 필름을 70℃의 건조기에서 168시간 건조 후 건조제가 들어있는 데시케이터에 4시간 이상 방치하여 상온으로 한 다음 건자재 난연 시험법 JIS A 1322법에 의거하여 난연 시험을 하였다. 난연 시험은 6회 실시하여 그 평균치를 하기 표 1에 나타내었다. 194 g of polystyrene monomer and 6 g (3 wt%) of the flame retardant prepared in Example 1 were added to a 500 ml beaker and stirred at about 200 ° C. for about 11 minutes to form a clear pale yellow mass polystyrene resin. The bulk polystyrene resin thus obtained was put in an aluminum mold coated with a silicone release agent, and a pressure of 0 to 200 kgf / cm 2 was applied to a hot press heated at about 200 ° C. for about 15 minutes, whereby the width and thickness were 400 mm x 300 mm. A clear pale yellow flame retardant polystyrene film of x 2 mm was prepared. The flame-retardant polystyrene film thus prepared was dried at 70 ° C. for 168 hours and left in a desiccator containing a desiccant for 4 hours or more to room temperature, and then subjected to a flame retardant test in accordance with the JIS A 1322 method for dry materials. The flame-retardant test was carried out six times and the average is shown in Table 1 below.

JIS A 1322법 난연 시험 결과JIS A 1322 method flame retardant test results 탄화 길이(charred Length) (㎜)Charred length (mm) 잔염시간(Afterflame time) (sec)Afterflame time (sec) 잔연 시간(Afterglow time) (sec)Afterglow time (sec) 4.34.3 0.90.9 6.26.2

상기 표 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 난연제 3 중량%의 폴리스티렌 모노머를 중합하여 제조한 폴리스티렌 필름은 JIS A 1322 법에 의거 규격 제 1급의 난연성을 나타내었다. 난연시험 시 가스버너의 접염시간은 15초이며 접염시간 15초를 초과하여도 상기 표 1의 결과에 영향을 미치지 않는다. As shown in Table 1, the polystyrene film prepared by polymerizing the polystyrene monomer of 3% by weight of the flame retardant exhibited flame retardancy of the first class of standards according to JIS A 1322 method. In flame retardant test, the gas burner's contact time is 15 seconds, and even if the contact time exceeds 15 seconds, it does not affect the result of Table 1 above.

DSC 측정에 의해 결정한 본 난연제 2∼7 중량%를 함유시켜 중합 제조한 난연폴리스티렌 필름의 유리화 전이온도(Tg)는 98∼101℃이며 녹는점(Tm)은 238∼242℃로써 문헌에 나타난 폴리스티렌 필름의 유리화 전이온도 100℃ 및 녹는점 240℃와 일치하고 있어서 본 발명에 의해 제조한 난연 폴리스티렌 필름은 난연제 함유량 2∼7중량% 내 범위에서는 열적인 물성 변화가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다.The polystyrene film shown in the literature as the vitrification transition temperature (Tg) of the flame-retardant polystyrene film prepared by polymerization of the flame retardant determined by DSC measurement was 98-101 ° C and the melting point (Tm) of 238-242 ° C. It is consistent with the vitrification transition temperature of 100 ° C and the melting point of 240 ° C. Thus, the flame-retardant polystyrene film produced by the present invention showed little thermal property change within the range of 2 to 7% by weight of flame retardant.

본 발명에 따라 제조한 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제는 인 원자와 질소 원자 간의 난연 상승작용이 극대화되어 소량(폴리스티렌 모노머 대비 1∼10중량%)만 사용하여도 우수한 난연 효과를 나타낼 뿐만 아니라, 할로겐 원소를 포함하지 않아 독성 기체를 발생하지 않는 친환경적 난연제의 특성을 가진다. 또한, 제조 과정이 간단하여 반응 수율이 높아(최대 92%) 경제적으로 합성할 수 있는 장점을 가진다. 또한, 열에 대한 안정성(분해 온도 약 350℃)이 우수한 기본구조를 가지고, 소수성이며, 각종 유기 용매에 쉽게 용해시킬 수 있어, 탄소를 고분자 쇄로 하는 거의 모든 고분자 수지, 예를 들어 각종 알킬 수지, 아크릴 수지, 에폭시 수지, 폴리에스테르 수지, 폴리스티렌 수지, 폴리우레탄 수지, 이러한 수지들을 열 가공하여 제조한 칩 및 성형제품들, 또한 이러한 수지들을 발포 가공하여 성형한 발포 가공 제품들 그리고 각종 유성 페인트에 효과적인 반응성 및 첨가형 난연제의 용도로 사용할 수 있다.The condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant prepared according to the present invention maximizes the flame retardant synergism between the phosphorus atom and the nitrogen atom, and exhibits excellent flame retardant effect even when only a small amount (1-10 wt% of the polystyrene monomer) is used. It does not contain any elements and does not generate toxic gases. In addition, the manufacturing process is simple, the reaction yield is high (up to 92%) has the advantage that can be synthesized economically. In addition, it has a basic structure with excellent heat stability (decomposition temperature of about 350 ° C.), is hydrophobic, can be easily dissolved in various organic solvents, and almost all polymer resins having carbon as a polymer chain, for example, various alkyl resins and acrylics. Effective responsiveness to resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, polystyrene resins, polyurethane resins, chips and molded products made by thermal processing of these resins, as well as foamed products formed by foaming these resins, and various oil paints And additive flame retardants.

Claims (7)

하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제:Condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant, characterized in that represented by the formula (1): 화학식 1Formula 1
Figure 112007077041055-pat00003
Figure 112007077041055-pat00003
여기서, Ar은 페닐기(phenyl)를 나타내며, R은
Figure 112007077041055-pat00006
또는 -NH-CH2-CH2-NH-이다.
Where Ar represents a phenyl group and R is
Figure 112007077041055-pat00006
Or -NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH-.
(ⅰ) 금속할로겐 촉매 존재하에서, POCl3를 90∼110℃로 가열시켜 용해시킨 후 페놀을 적하시켜 80∼130℃에서 에스테르화 반응을 시키는 단계;(Iii) dissolving POCl 3 in the presence of a metal halogen catalyst by heating to 90-110 ° C., followed by dropwise addition of phenol to esterification at 80-130 ° C .; (ⅱ) 상기 에스테르화 반응이 완료되면 냉각한 후, 우레아(urea) 또는 에틸렌디아민을 첨가하여 점성액체를 얻는 단계;(Ii) cooling after completion of the esterification reaction and adding urea or ethylenediamine to obtain a viscous liquid; (ⅲ) 상기 점성액체에 물을 가하여 결정을 얻는 단계; 및(Iii) adding water to the viscous liquid to obtain crystals; And (ⅳ) 상기 결정을 중화정제 및 건조시키는 단계;(Iii) neutralizing and drying the crystals; 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 제1항에 따른 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제의 제조방법.Method for producing a condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a. 삭제delete 제2항에 있어서, 상기 단계 (ⅱ)에서 우레아인 경우의 반응온도는 30∼100℃이고, 에틸렌디아민인 경우의 반응온도는 -10∼50℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 2, wherein the reaction temperature in the case of urea in step (ii) is 30 to 100 ° C, and the reaction temperature in the case of ethylenediamine is -10 to 50 ° C. 제2항에 있어서, 상기 금속할로겐 촉매는 AlCl3, ZnCl2, 또는 FeCl3인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method of claim 2, wherein the metal halide catalyst is AlCl 3 , ZnCl 2 , or FeCl 3 . 제2항에 있어서, 상기 우레아 또는 에틸렌디아민의 첨가량은 상기 POCl3 1몰에 대하여 1∼2몰인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 2, wherein the amount of urea or ethylenediamine added is 1 to 2 moles per 1 mole of the POCl 3 . 폴리스티렌(PS) 모노머에 대하여 제1항에 따른 축합형 인산 에스테르계 반응성 난연제 1∼10중량%가 중합된 것을 특징으로 하는 난연성 폴리스티렌 수지.A flame retardant polystyrene resin, characterized in that 1 to 10% by weight of the condensed phosphate ester-based reactive flame retardant according to claim 1 is polymerized with respect to a polystyrene (PS) monomer.
KR1020060107211A 2006-11-01 2006-11-01 Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same KR100823305B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020060107211A KR100823305B1 (en) 2006-11-01 2006-11-01 Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020060107211A KR100823305B1 (en) 2006-11-01 2006-11-01 Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR100823305B1 true KR100823305B1 (en) 2008-04-17

Family

ID=39571892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020060107211A KR100823305B1 (en) 2006-11-01 2006-11-01 Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR100823305B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101302555B1 (en) 2012-09-26 2013-09-02 곽승민 Flame proofing agents comprising an aromatic phosphate ester compound and methods for manufacturing the same
CN113637160A (en) * 2021-07-19 2021-11-12 武汉理工大学 Phosphorus-nitrogen star-shaped flame retardant containing triazine structure and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR940011789B1 (en) * 1992-03-03 1994-12-26 곽임영 Flame-retardant agent of polyethylene telephthalic acid ester fabric and preparing method thereof
KR19980031512A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-07-25 성재갑 Flame retardant high impact polystyrene resin composition
JP2001019837A (en) 1999-07-07 2001-01-23 Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Corp Flame-retarded polycarbonate resin composition
KR20040104517A (en) * 2004-09-15 2004-12-10 송원산업 주식회사 Oligomer-type flame-retardant compound and flame-retardant resin composition comprising same
JP2005015510A (en) 2003-06-23 2005-01-20 Kyocera Chemical Corp Flame-retardant resin composition and lamination-related product

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR940011789B1 (en) * 1992-03-03 1994-12-26 곽임영 Flame-retardant agent of polyethylene telephthalic acid ester fabric and preparing method thereof
KR19980031512A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-07-25 성재갑 Flame retardant high impact polystyrene resin composition
JP2001019837A (en) 1999-07-07 2001-01-23 Mitsubishi Engineering Plastics Corp Flame-retarded polycarbonate resin composition
JP2005015510A (en) 2003-06-23 2005-01-20 Kyocera Chemical Corp Flame-retardant resin composition and lamination-related product
KR20040104517A (en) * 2004-09-15 2004-12-10 송원산업 주식회사 Oligomer-type flame-retardant compound and flame-retardant resin composition comprising same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101302555B1 (en) 2012-09-26 2013-09-02 곽승민 Flame proofing agents comprising an aromatic phosphate ester compound and methods for manufacturing the same
CN113637160A (en) * 2021-07-19 2021-11-12 武汉理工大学 Phosphorus-nitrogen star-shaped flame retardant containing triazine structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN113637160B (en) * 2021-07-19 2023-09-19 武汉理工大学 Triazine structure-containing phosphorus-nitrogen star flame retardant, and preparation method and application thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5084507B2 (en) Phosphorus-containing heptazine derivative, process for its production and use thereof
CN107417912B (en) Phosphorus-nitrogen-silicon intumescent flame retardant containing triazine ring and cage structure and synthesis method thereof
KR101168656B1 (en) Phosphate ester flame retardants from resorcinol-ketone reaction products
JPH09235465A (en) Low combustible polyamide molding material
JPS6038420B2 (en) Flame retardant polymer composition
CN107118347A (en) " Trinity " expansion type flame retardant and its synthetic method
KR20070054677A (en) Benzoylresorcinol-based phosphate ester compounds as flame retardants
CN113214319B (en) Quaternary phosphonium salt flame retardant and synthetic method and application thereof
KR100624629B1 (en) Flame-Retardant Aromatic Polyamide Resin Composition and Molded Object
CN103012847A (en) Efficient nitrogen and phosphorus fire retardant for epoxy resin and preparation method of efficient nitrogen and phosphorus fire retardant
KR20180100333A (en) Organophosphorus compounds, flame retardants containing them and methods for producing organic phosphorus compounds
KR100823305B1 (en) Condensed type phosphonite monoester based flame retardant, process for preparation thereof, and the flame resistant polystyrene resin containing the same
JP6425501B2 (en) Flame retardant composition having polybutylene terephthalate
US20170204130A1 (en) Flame retardants, preparation methods, and thermoplastic compositions thereof
CN109265479A (en) A kind of diaminodiphenylsulfone derivative flame retardant and its preparation method and application
JPH0422916B2 (en)
KR101478808B1 (en) The phosphate ester for flame retadant and preparations thereof
KR101829868B1 (en) Non-phosphorus type flame retardant resin having good storage-stability and Manufacturing method thereof
US4039512A (en) Polymers of benzene phosphorus oxydichloride, 4,4'-thiodiphenol and POCl3
CN113754696A (en) Phosphaphenanthrene derivative, preparation and flame-retardant application
KR101852521B1 (en) A producing method of non-halogen phosphorus-based flame retardant
US4206296A (en) Polyester composition containing a benzene phosphorus oxydichloride, a diphenol and POCl3
KR101442128B1 (en) Organophosphorus-nitrogen compound, preparation method thereof, and flame retardant composition comprising same
JPH03427B2 (en)
KR101061602B1 (en) Flame retardant phosphapphenanthrene compound and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
GRNT Written decision to grant
FPAY Annual fee payment

Payment date: 20130410

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Annual fee payment

Payment date: 20140410

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Annual fee payment

Payment date: 20160411

Year of fee payment: 9

LAPS Lapse due to unpaid annual fee