KR100761057B1 - Apparatus for opening or closing a door - Google Patents

Abstract

A door opening/closing apparatus is provided to operate a compulsive discharge mechanism by simply pressing a manipulation section installed on a side wall of the interior of an electric vehicle. A door opening/closing apparatus includes a pneumatic cylinder(10), an air supply source(20), an air supply line, and an air discharge line. The pneumatic cylinder is connected to a door. The air supply line connects the air supply source and the pneumatic cylinder so as to supply the air provided from the air supply source to the pneumatic cylinder. The air discharge line discharges the air in the pneumatic cylinder to the outside. The door opening/closing apparatus includes a manipulation section for generating an electrical signal by manipulation of a user and a compulsory air discharge mechanism(100) operated by the electrical signal from the manipulation section to compulsorily discharge the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder.

Description

Door opening and closing device {Apparatus for opening or closing a door}

1 is a view showing an example of a conventional door opening and closing device.

2 is a view showing an example of piping of the door opening and closing device of the present invention.

3 is a view showing a state in which the door is closed in a state that the door opening and closing device is not operated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a view showing a state in which the door is opened in the state that the door opening and closing device shown in FIG.

5 is a view showing a flow path for forcibly discharging the air supplied into the pneumatic cylinder in the state that the door opening and closing device shown in FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the spool of the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is in a first position;

7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the spool of the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is in the second position.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10 pneumatic cylinder 11 piston

12 chamber 13 first cylinder port

20: air supply source 25: external

31: first euro 60: check valve

71: roller 72: belt

73: door connecting member 75: door

80: direction control valve 81: first direction control valve

86: second direction control valve 100: forced air discharge mechanism

110: valve body 121: first port

130: Spool 140: Spring

150: solenoid valve 200: control panel

The present invention relates to a door opening and closing device, and more particularly to a door opening and closing device for manually opening and closing the door of the electric vehicle in an emergency.

Generally, the door of an electric vehicle is automatically opened and closed by controlling the flow path of the air supplied to the both sides of the pneumatic cylinder connected to the door of the electric vehicle. That is, when the door is to be opened, the air supply line, for example, the air supply line through which the air provided from the pump passes, communicates with one side of the pneumatic cylinder so that the piston of the pneumatic cylinder protrudes, and the air supply when the door is to be closed. By allowing the line to communicate with the other side of the pneumatic cylinder, the piston of the pneumatic cylinder is drawn in so that the door of the electric vehicle connected to the piston is opened and closed. By providing a direction control valve between the pump and the pneumatic cylinder and controlling the direction control valve with an electric signal, it is possible to control the air supply line to automatically open with one side or the other side of the pneumatic cylinder.

If the electric vehicle can be normally controlled, the door of the electric car can be opened and closed automatically by controlling the direction control valve by an electric signal, but in an emergency such as a fire, the electric signal cannot be applied to the direction control valve. It becomes impossible to automatically open and close the door of the electric vehicle.

As described above, a conventional operation principle of manually opening the door of the electric vehicle in the event of an emergency such as a fire in which the electric vehicle cannot be normally controlled will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are shown in FIG. 1 in order to close the door 75 in a state in which the electric vehicle is normally operated and the door 75 of the electric vehicle can be automatically opened and closed. To the correct position. When the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are positioned in the position shown in FIG. 1, the first line 31, the fourth line 34, and the first cylinder port 13 Is connected to form an air supply line for supplying air from the air supply source 20 to the pneumatic cylinder 10, the second cylinder port 14 and the fifth line 41 and the eighth line 51 is connected An air exhaust line for discharging air from the pneumatic cylinder 10 to the outside 25 is formed. When the supply of air from the air supply source 20 starts, the piston 11 moves in the "A1" direction, and the door 75 is closed.

At this time, when an emergency situation such as a fire occurs in the electric vehicle and the door 75 is to be opened, a problem occurs. In the emergency, since the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 cannot be controlled, the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are connected to the first cylinder port 13. It is fixed at the position shown in FIG. 1 which supplies air to the furnace. When the first and second directional control valves 81 and 86 are not controlled because they are fixed in the position shown in FIG. 1, air is supplied to the second cylinder port 14 and the first cylinder port 13 is discharged from the first cylinder port 13. Since a normal flow path for opening the door 75 of the electric vehicle, which discharges air, cannot be formed, the air 15 in the chamber 12 must eventually be discharged to the outside 25 from the air supply line. .

The conventional method of discharging the air 15 in the chamber 12 to the outside 25 firstly opens the cock 1 provided in the lower seat of the electric vehicle. The check valve 60 is installed on the tenth line 35, and the check valve 60 is connected to the outside 25 due to the opening of the cock 1. When the passenger of the electric vehicle opens the door 75 by force, the pressure in the fourth line 34 and the first line 31 forming the air supply line is increased. When the pressure rises above the pressure set in the check valve 60, the check valve 60 is opened, and eventually air connecting the fourth line 34 and the first line 31 and the tenth line 35 to each other. Forced discharge line is formed. The piston 11 moves in the "A2" direction, the air 15 in the chamber 12 is discharged to the outside 25 through the air forced discharge line, the door 75 is opened.

However, the conventional method of forcibly discharging the air 15 in the pneumatic cylinder as described above allows the passenger to directly open the cock 1 provided in the lower portion of the seat of the electric vehicle to discharge the air 15 in the pneumatic cylinder. The air forced discharge line must be connected to the outside (25). In the event of an emergency such as a fire, the electric light inside the electric car is mostly inoperable, and in such a dark environment, there is a problem in that it is difficult to find the position of the cock 1 installed in the lower part of the electric car seat.

In addition, although a predetermined pressure or more is set in advance in the check valve 60, when the pressure below the pressure set in the check valve 60 is applied to the check valve 60, the check valve 60 itself is not opened. . As a result, in order to open and close the door 75 manually, a pressure greater than the pressure set in the check valve 60 must be applied to the check valve 60 in the process of opening the door so that the check valve 60 can be opened with the outside 25. In the case of the elderly, women, or children, there is a problem in that a force enough to open the check valve 60 may not be applied in the process of opening the door 75.

The present invention is operated by receiving an electric signal applied by the user in an emergency, by providing a forced air discharge mechanism for forming a flow path for forcibly discharging the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder, it is possible to open and close the door without a large force It is an object of the present invention to provide a door opening and closing device having an improved structure.

The present invention provides a pneumatic cylinder connected to a door, an air supply source, an air supply line connecting the air supply source and the pneumatic cylinder to supply air provided from the air supply source to the pneumatic cylinder, and the air in the pneumatic cylinder. A door opening and closing device having an air exhaust line for discharging to an outside, comprising: an operation unit which is operated by a user and generates an electric signal; It is operated by an electrical signal from the operation unit, it is characterized in that it comprises a; forced air discharge mechanism for forcibly discharging the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder.

In the door opening and closing device according to the present invention, it is provided on the air supply line and the air exhaust line, further comprising a direction control valve for controlling the flow of air supplied to or discharged from the pneumatic cylinder desirable.

In the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the air forced discharge mechanism is provided between the air supply source and the directional control valve.

In the door opening and closing device according to the present invention, the air forced discharge mechanism is formed, when the electric signal of the operation unit is not applied, a flow path for opening the air supply source and the air supply line is formed, the electric signal of the operation unit When applied, the air supply source and the air supply line are short-circuited and preferably a flow path for forcibly discharging the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder is formed.

In the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention, the air forced discharge mechanism includes: a valve body having a plurality of ports through which air enters and exits, and a valve body communicating with the plurality of ports; A first port, a second port connected to the pneumatic cylinder, a third port connected to the outside, and a first position movably installed in the valve chamber so that the first port and the second port communicate with each other; It is preferable to include a spool moving between the second position allowing the second port and the third port to communicate, and spool moving means for allowing the spool to move between the first position and the second position.

In the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention, the valve body includes a fourth port formed in communication with the first port, and a fifth port formed in communication with a space portion formed between one side of the spool and the valve chamber. Preferably, the spool moving means includes a solenoid valve having a spring for elastically biasing the spool to the first position, and a flow path for supplying air to the space portion.

In the door opening and closing device according to the present invention, the solenoid valve is such that, when an electric signal of the operation unit is not applied, a flow path for moving the spool to the first position is formed by a restoring force of the spring. The fourth port is closed and the fifth port is open to the outside, and when the electric signal of the operation unit is applied, the spool can be moved to the second position by the air pressure acting in the opposite direction of the restoring force of the spring. It is preferable that the fourth port and the fifth port communicate with each other so that a flow path exists.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the door opening and closing device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a view showing an example of the piping of the door opening and closing device of the present invention, Figure 3 is a view showing a state in which the door is closed in a state that the door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is not operated, 4 is a view illustrating a state in which the door is opened in a state in which the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is not operated, and FIG. 5 is forced to supply air into the pneumatic cylinder in a state in which the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is operated. A diagram illustrating a flow path for discharging to a furnace.

2, the forced air discharge mechanism 100 of the door opening and closing device of the present invention is provided for each door 75 of the vehicle, and is disposed between the air supply source 20 and the direction control valve 80 have. In FIG. 2, members referred to by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 have the same configuration and function, and detailed descriptions of each of them will be omitted.

The forced air discharge mechanism 100 when the electric vehicle can be normally controlled forms a flow path so that air supplied from the air supply source 20 can be supplied to the pneumatic cylinder 10 via the direction control valve 80. . When the air is alternately supplied to both sides of the pneumatic cylinder 10 by controlling the direction control valve 80, the piston of the pneumatic cylinder is reciprocated, so that the door 75 connected to the piston can be opened and closed. On the other hand, when an emergency occurs in the electric vehicle, when the user generates an electric signal through the operation unit 200, the forced air discharge mechanism 100 receives the electric signal is the air supply source 20 and the direction control valve 80 to each other Short circuit. Therefore, it is only possible to open and close the door 75 manually. The air forced discharge mechanism 100 to which the electric signal is applied forms a flow path for discharging air in the pneumatic cylinder 10 to the outside.

The operation principle of automatically opening and closing the door 75 in a state in which no electric signal from the operation unit 200 is applied to the air forced discharge mechanism 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. . Which side of both sides of the pneumatic cylinder 10 is supplied with air, and which side the air is discharged from is determined through the control of the directional control valve 80. In the present embodiment, the direction control valve 80 for controlling the flow of air includes a first direction control valve 81 and a second direction control valve 86.

In order to close the door 75, the air forced discharge mechanism 100, the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are positioned in the position shown in FIG. When the air forced discharge mechanism 100, the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 is positioned in the position shown in Fig. 3, the second line 32 and the third line 33 and The fourth line 34 and the first cylinder port 13 are connected to form an air supply line for supplying air from the air supply source 20 to the pneumatic cylinder 10, and the second cylinder port 14 and the first cylinder port 13 are formed. The fifth line 41 and the eighth line 51 are connected to form an air exhaust line for discharging air from the pneumatic cylinder 10 to the outside 25.

When the supply of air from the air supply source 20 is started, the air is supplied into the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder through the air supply line, and the air in the pneumatic cylinder chamber 12 is external (through the air exhaust line) 25). As the supply of air into the chamber 12 and the discharge of air from the chamber 12 proceed, the piston 11 of the pneumatic cylinder moves in the "B" direction, and the left door connected to the piston 11 The connecting member 73a also moves in the "B1" direction. Due to the movement of the left door connecting member 73a in the "B1" direction, the belt 72 and the roller 71 rotate in the "B3" direction and the right door connecting member 73b connected to the belt 72. ) Moves in the "B2" direction. Due to the movement in the "B1" direction of the left door connecting member 73a and the movement in the "B2" direction of the right door connecting member 73b, the door 75 of the electric vehicle is closed.

In order to open the door 75, the air forced discharge mechanism 100, the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are positioned in the position shown in FIG. When the air forced discharge mechanism 100, the first direction control valve 81 and the second direction control valve 86 are positioned at the positions shown in FIG. 4, the second line 32 and the third line 33 are disposed. And the sixth line 42, the fifth line 41, and the second cylinder port 14 are connected to form an air supply line for supplying air from the air supply source 20 to the pneumatic cylinder 10. The first cylinder port 13, the fourth line 34, the seventh line 43 and the eighth line 51 is connected to the air exhaust line for discharging air from the pneumatic cylinder (10) to the outside (25) Is formed.

When the supply of air from the air supply source 20 is started, air is supplied into the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder through the air supply line, and the air in the chamber 12 is external 25 through the air exhaust line. Will be discharged. As the supply of air into the chamber 12 and the discharge of air from the chamber 12 proceed, the piston 11 of the pneumatic cylinder moves in the "C" direction, and the left door connected to the piston 11 The connecting member 73a also moves in the "C1" direction. Due to the movement of the left door connecting member 73a in the "C1" direction, the belt 72 and the roller 71 rotate in the "C3" direction and the right door connecting member 73b connected to the belt 72. ) Moves in the "C2" direction. Due to the movement of the left door connection member 73a in the "C1" direction and the movement of the right door connection member 73b in the "C2" direction, the door 75 of the electric vehicle is opened.

In the event of an emergency, the user operates the operation unit 200 to operate the principle of manually opening and closing the door 75 while the electric signal from the operation unit 200 is applied to the forced air discharge mechanism 100. This is described in detail with reference to 5.

When the electric signal is applied to the forced air discharge mechanism 100 from the operation unit 200 in the state in which the door 75 is closed, the position of the forced air discharge mechanism 100 is as shown in FIG. First, the air forced discharge mechanism 100 includes a third line connecting the second line 32 connected to the air supply source 20, the air forced discharge mechanism 100, and the first direction control valve 81. By shorting the line 33, the supply of air from the air supply 20 is cut off. Since the position of the first and second directional control valves 81 and 86 cannot be controlled in a situation where the electric vehicle cannot be normally controlled, the positions of the first and second directional control valves 81 and 86 are not shown in FIG. 5. It is fixed in the position shown. Therefore, in order to open the door 75, it is impossible to supply air to the second cylinder port 14, and the air 15 in the chamber 12 must be forcibly discharged to the outside in the position shown in FIG. The positioned forced air discharge mechanism 100 forms a flow path for discharging the air 15 in the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder to the outside 25.

That is, the first cylinder port 13, the fourth line 34, the third line 33, and the ninth line 52 are connected to discharge air in the pneumatic cylinder 10 to the outside 25. A forced discharge line is formed. In the situation where the automatic opening and closing of the door 75 is impossible, when the user applies force in the direction of opening the door 75, the left door connecting member 73a is in the "D1" direction, and the right door connecting member 73b is " D2 "direction. The piston 11 of the pneumatic cylinder connected thereto moves in the "D" direction due to the movement of the left door connecting member 73a in the "D1" direction. As the piston 11 moves in the "D" direction, the air 15 in the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder is discharged to the outside 25 through the air forced discharge line, and the door 75 of the electric vehicle manually. ) Can be opened.

In the case of manually closing the door 75 of the electric vehicle, the same operation principle as described above is possible. However, when the door 75 is closed, the second cylinder port 14, the fifth line 41, the sixth line 42, the third line 33 and the ninth line 52 are connected to pneumatic A forced air discharge line for discharging the air 15 in the chamber 12 of the cylinder to the outside 25 is formed.

It is not necessary to install the cock 1 (refer to FIG. 1) in the pipe in which the air forced discharge mechanism 100 is installed. When the electric signal of the operation unit 200 is applied to the air forced discharge mechanism 100 so that the air forced discharge mechanism 100 is positioned in the position of FIG. 5, the air 15 inside the pneumatic cylinder 10 is externally The forced air discharge line for discharging to 25 is not formed to pass through the tenth line 35 and the check valve 60 as in the prior art, but the third line 33 and the ninth line 52 and the outside. Since it is formed to connect (25), it is not necessary to operate the cock (1) connecting the rear and the check valve (60) separately.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the spool of the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is in a first position, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the spool of the door opening and closing device shown in FIG. 3 is in a second position. to be.

6 and 7, the door opening and closing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an operation unit 200 and an air forced discharge mechanism 100. 6 and 7, members referred to by the same reference numerals as the members shown in Figures 2 to 5 have the same configuration and function, detailed description of each of them will be omitted.

5 to 7, the operation unit 200 is operated by a user to generate an electric signal to be applied to the air forced discharge mechanism 100 to be described later. Each side of the electric car door 75 is provided in the form of a buzzer switch so that passengers can directly handle it in an emergency. When the operation unit 200 is pressed due to an emergency, the electric signal generated from the operation unit 200 operates the air forced discharge mechanism 100 to supply air from the air supply source 20 to the pneumatic cylinder 10. Is short-circuited, and an air forced discharge line for forcibly discharging air in the pneumatic cylinder 10 is formed.

The air forced discharge mechanism 100 is for forming an air forced discharge line for manually discharging air in the pneumatic cylinder 10 to the outside 25, the valve body 110, the spool 130 and And spool moving means.

The valve body 110 has a plurality of ports through which air flows in and out, and has a valve chamber 111 in communication with the plurality of ports. The valve body 110 serves as a base in which a plurality of ports are formed, and the valve chamber 111 formed therein serves to communicate the plurality of ports with each other.

In the valve body 110, first to fifth ports 121, 122, 123, 124, and 125 are formed to control the flow of air. The first port 121 is connected to an air supply source 20, and the air provided from the air supply source 20 passes through the second line 32 and the first port 121 through the valve chamber 111. ) The second port 122 is connected to the pneumatic cylinder 10. When the door 75 is to be closed, the third port 33, the fourth line 34, and the first cylinder port 13 are closed. When the air is supplied into the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder and the door 75 is opened, the third line 33 and the sixth line 42 and the fifth line 41 and the second cylinder port 14 are opened. Air is supplied into the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder through). The third port 123 is connected to the outside 25 through the ninth line 52. When the electrical signal of the operation unit 200 is applied to the forced air discharge mechanism 100, the air in the chamber 12 of the pneumatic cylinder is discharged to the outside through the third port 123 and the ninth line 52. .

The fourth port 124 is formed so as to be always in communication with the first port 121, the air entering the valve chamber 111 through the first port 121 of the spool 130 to be described later It flows through the fourth port 124 regardless of the position. The fifth port 125 is formed in communication with the space portion 112 formed between one side of the spool 130 to be described later and the valve chamber 111. The air supplied through the fifth port 125 may be accommodated in the space 124, and the air received in the space 112 is discharged to the outside 25 through the fifth port 125. Sometimes.

The spool 130 is provided to be movable within a predetermined moving distance in the valve chamber 111. When the spool 130 allows the first port 121, the valve chamber 111, and the second port 122 to communicate with each other, the air of the valve chamber 111 does not pass through the third port 123. When the second port 122, the valve chamber 111, and the third port 123 are connected to each other, the air flowing into the first port 121 cannot be introduced into the valve chamber 111. It is. The spool 130 is disposed between the first position where the first port 121 and the second port 122 communicate with each other, and the second position where the second port 122 and the third port 123 communicate with each other. Will move.

The spool moving means, which allows the spool 130 to move between the first position and the second position, includes a spring 140 and a solenoid valve 150.

The spring 140 is installed in contact with the other side of the spool 130 in the valve chamber 111, so that the spool 130 can be elastically biased to the first position. Provide an elastic pressing force.

The solenoid valve 150 is operated by the electrical signal of the operation unit 200, and when the electrical signal is not applied to form a flow path for discharging the air of the space 112 to the outside (25) When the electric signal is applied, a flow path for supplying air to the space 112 is formed.

Hereinafter, referring to FIGS. 6 to 7, an operation principle in which the spool 130 of the air forced discharge mechanism 100 of the present embodiment configured as described above moves between the first position and the second position is schematically illustrated. Let's explain.

As shown in FIG. 6, when no electrical signal is generated from the operation unit 200, the solenoid valve 150 is in the position shown in FIG. 6. When the solenoid valve 150 is in the position of FIG. 6, the fourth port 124 is closed and air received in the space 112 through the fifth port 125 communicating with the space 112. A flow path that can be discharged to the outside 25 is formed. The spool 130 receives a force in the direction of "E" by the elastic pressing force of the spring 140 installed on the opposite side of the space 112, and the air contained in the space 112 receives the fifth port ( Since it is continuously discharged to the outside 25 through 125, the air pressure against the restoring force of the spring 140 is reduced. Thus, the spool 130 is moved to the first position shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, when an electrical signal is generated from the operation unit 200, the solenoid valve 150 is in the position shown in FIG. 7. When the solenoid valve 150 is in the position of FIG. 7, the fourth port 124 communicates with the fifth port 125 via a flow path formed in the solenoid valve 150 shown in FIG. 7. The air provided from the air supply source 20 may be supplied to the space 112 through the second line 32, the first port 121, the fourth port 124, and the fifth port 125. A flow path is formed. As air is supplied to the space 112, the air received in the space 112 exerts a force by air pressure on the spool 130 in a direction “F”, which is the opposite direction of the elastic pressing force of the spring 140. Will work. As the air supplied to the space 112 increases, the force due to the air pressure becomes greater than the elastic pressing force of the spring 140, so that the spool 130 moves to the second position shown in FIG.

In the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above, in order to manually open and close the door of the electric vehicle, the air occupant simply presses an operation part provided on the side wall of the electric vehicle to generate an electric signal. The discharge mechanism is operated to form a flow path for forcibly discharging air in the pneumatic cylinder to the outside. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the effect of avoiding the hassle of finding and opening the cock installed in the lower portion of the electric vehicle in a dark environment in an emergency.

In addition, by using the door opening and closing device according to the present embodiment, it is possible to form a forced air discharge line for forcibly discharging the air in the pneumatic cylinder to the outside without passing through the check valve. When the check valve is included in the forced air discharge line, the air forced discharge line is connected to the outside to open and close the door only when the check valve is opened by applying a force greater than the pressure set to the check valve in the process of opening or closing the door. It becomes possible. However, in the door opening and closing device of the present embodiment, since the forced air discharge line is connected to the outside only by simple operation of the operation unit, there is no need to form the forced air discharge line including the check valve. Therefore, it is possible to achieve the effect of easily opening and closing the doors of all ages, men and women aboard an electric vehicle without a great force even in an emergency such as a fire.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the air forced discharge mechanism is installed between the air supply source and the direction control valve, it may be installed between the direction control valve and the pneumatic cylinder.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the spool moving means includes a spring and a solenoid valve, but may include a spring and a manual lever manually operated.

Although preferred embodiments and modifications have been described above, the door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and the modifications or combinations thereof may be used within the scope not departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Various types of door opening and closing devices may be embodied.

Door opening and closing device of the present invention, in the dark environment in an emergency to find the cock installed in the lower part of the electric vehicle to avoid the hassle to open directly, simply press the operation unit installed on the side wall of the electric vehicle can operate the forced air discharge mechanism It works.

In addition, by using the door opening and closing device according to the present embodiment, since the forced air discharge line for forcibly discharging the air in the pneumatic cylinder to the outside by a simple operation of the operation unit is connected to the outside, It is also possible to open and close the door easily without a great deal of power even in an emergency such as a fire or an emergency.

Claims (7)

A pneumatic cylinder connected to the door, an air supply source, an air supply line connecting the air supply source and the pneumatic cylinder to supply air supplied from the air supply source to the pneumatic cylinder, and discharging the air in the pneumatic cylinder to the outside In the door opening and closing device having an air exhaust line for An operation unit operated by a user to generate an electric signal; And a forced air discharge mechanism which is operated by an electric signal from the operation unit and forcibly discharges the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder. The method of claim 1, Door opening and closing device is installed on the air supply line and the air exhaust line, further comprising a direction control valve for controlling the flow of air supplied to or discharged from the pneumatic cylinder. The method of claim 2, The air forced discharge mechanism, And a door opening and closing device provided between the air supply source and the direction control valve. The method of claim 1, The air forced discharge mechanism, When the electric signal of the operation unit is not applied, a flow path for opening the air supply source and the air supply line is formed, And a flow path for forcibly discharging the air supplied to the pneumatic cylinder when the air supply source and the air supply line are short-circuited when an electric signal is applied to the operation unit. The method of claim 1, The air forced discharge mechanism, A valve body having a plurality of ports through which air flows in and out and having a valve chamber communicating with the plurality of ports; A first port connected to the air supply source, a second port connected to the pneumatic cylinder, a third port connected to the outside, A spool movable in the valve chamber and moving between a first position in which the first port and a second port are in communication, and a second position in which the second port and the third port are in communication; And spool moving means for moving said spool between said first position and said second position. The method of claim 5, The valve body, A fourth port formed in communication with the first port, and a fifth port formed in communication with a space formed between one side of the spool and the valve chamber, The spool moving means, And a solenoid valve having a spring for elastically biasing the spool to the first position and a flow path for supplying air to the space. The method of claim 6, The solenoid valve, When the electrical signal of the operation unit is not applied, the fourth port is closed and the fifth port is opened to the outside so that a flow path for moving the spool to the first position is formed by the restoring force of the spring. , When the electrical signal is applied to the operation unit, the fourth port and the fifth port are formed such that a flow path for moving the spool to the second position is formed by air pressure acting in a direction opposite to the restoring force of the spring. Door opening and closing device characterized in that the communication.

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