KR100749353B1 - A protection circuit module of a lib battery-pack - Google Patents

A protection circuit module of a lib battery-pack Download PDF

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KR100749353B1
KR100749353B1 KR1020060036245A KR20060036245A KR100749353B1 KR 100749353 B1 KR100749353 B1 KR 100749353B1 KR 1020060036245 A KR1020060036245 A KR 1020060036245A KR 20060036245 A KR20060036245 A KR 20060036245A KR 100749353 B1 KR100749353 B1 KR 100749353B1
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lithium ion
circuit
ion battery
switching element
protection circuit
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KR1020060036245A
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Korean (ko)
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김종환
김순국
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넥스콘 테크놀러지 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A protection circuit module of a lithium ion second battery pack is provided to improve convenience of a user by maximally maintaining a performance of the lithium ion battery even under an extremely low temperature. A protection circuit module of a lithium ion second battery pack includes a lithium ion battery(LiB), a semiconductor IC, a protection circuit(PCM), a contact terminal unit(TB), a switching element(FET3), and a thin film heater(H1). The semiconductor IC has an over-charging detection circuit, an over-discharging detection circuit, an over-current detection circuit, a control circuit, and a gate control circuit. Switching elements(FET1,FET2) are connected to the gate control circuit. The protection circuit module(PCM) has resistors(R1,R2) and capacitors(C1,C2) to protect each element from static electricity or noise. The contact terminal unit(TB) is connected to a power terminal of an electronic product or a charger. The semiconductor IC has a temperature detection circuit and the switching element(FET3) for compensating a low temperature. The thin film heater(H1) which is operated by the switching element(FET3) included in the semiconductor IC is installed on the lithium ion battery.

Description

리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로 {a Protection Circuit Module of a LiB Battery-Pack}Protection Circuit Module of a LiB Battery-Pack

도 1은 종래의 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로의 구성도1 is a configuration diagram of a protection circuit of a conventional lithium ion battery pack

도 2는 본 발명의 한 실시예의 구성도2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention

<도면중 주요 부분에 대한 부호 설명><Description of Signs of Main Parts in Drawings>

LiB : 리튬이온 배터리 PCM : 보호회로LiB: Li-ion battery PCM: Protection circuit

TB : 접촉단자부 IC : 반도체 집적회로TB: Contact terminal IC: Semiconductor integrated circuit

FET1~FET3 : 스위칭 소자 C1, C2 : 캐패시터FET1 to FET3: Switching elements C1 and C2: Capacitors

R1, R2 : 저항 R1, R2: resistance

본 발명은 각종 휴대용 전자제품의 전원 공급용으로 주로 사용되는 리튬이온 배터리팩에 관계하는 것으로, 더 자세하게는 리튬이온 배터리에 접속되어 그의 과 충전 및 과방전, 과전류 등을 방지할 수 있도록 하는 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a lithium ion battery pack mainly used for power supply of various portable electronic products, and more particularly, lithium ion is connected to a lithium ion battery to prevent overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent, etc. thereof. The protection circuit of the battery pack.

최근 들어 각종 전자제품의 첨단화로 기술이 발전함에 따라 휴대형 전지의 기술 또한 점차 발전하고 있는 바, 휴대형 전지에서 추구하는 기술은 대체적으로 가볍게 휴대하기 위한 경량화, 간편하게 휴대하기 위한 소형화, 그리고 보다 오랜 시간동안 사용하기 위한 고용량화 등이다.In recent years, with the development of various electronic products, the technology of the portable battery has been gradually developed. The technology pursued in the portable battery is generally lighter to carry lightly, smaller to carry easily, and for a longer time. High capacity for use, and the like.

한편 일렉트릭 케미컬(Electric Chemical)의 영역에 있는 대부분의 휴대형 전지는 최상의 특성을 발휘하기 위한 구동환경의 제약을 받고 있으며, 최상의 컨디션이라고 할 수 있는 상온 영역의 특성을 극대화하기 위해서는 극한치의 특성은 상대적으로 낮아질 수밖에 없다.On the other hand, most portable batteries in the field of electric chemical are constrained by the driving environment to exhibit the best characteristics, and in order to maximize the characteristics of the room temperature region, which is the best condition, the characteristics of the extreme value are relatively It must be lowered.

예를 들면 휴대형 전지에 있어서 용적과 질량의 효율적 설계를 하기 위해서는 전극 혹은 분리막 등을 가능한 얇고 넓게 설계해야 하지만 그렇게 되면 고온 또는 충격에 취약점을 가질 수밖에 없다는 것이 자연계의 원리라 할 수 있으며, 반대로 상온 또는 고온 영역의 특성을 극대화하기 위해서는 극저온 특성은 일부 포기해야 할 수밖에 없는 실정이다.For example, in order to efficiently design volume and mass in a portable battery, electrodes or separators should be designed to be as thin and wide as possible. However, the principle of the natural world is that they have to be vulnerable to high temperature or impact. In order to maximize the characteristics of the high temperature region, cryogenic characteristics must be given up.

본 발명은 이와 같은 전지의 특성에서 극저온에서의 휴대형 전자기기의 작동을 보장하기 위한 기능을 구현하여 전지에 내장해서 사용자의 편의를 도모하기 위한 회로 구성을 구비하는 저온보상기능의 리튬이온 배터리팩에 관계하는 것이다.The present invention implements a function to ensure the operation of the portable electronic device at cryogenic characteristics in the characteristics of such a battery is embedded in the battery in a low-temperature compensation lithium ion battery pack having a circuit configuration for the user's convenience It is related.

일반적으로 휴대폰이나 디지털카메라, PDA 등의 휴대형 전자제품에 주로 사용되고 있는 상기 리튬이온 배터리팩은 도 1과 같이 리튬이온 배터리(LiB; Lithium ion 2nd Battery)와 보호회로(PCM; Protection Curcuit Module), 그리고 접촉단자부(TB; Terminal Block)로 구성된다.In general, the lithium ion battery pack mainly used in portable electronic products such as mobile phones, digital cameras, PDAs, and the like is a lithium ion battery (LiB; Lithium ion 2nd Battery) and a protection circuit (PCM; Consists of a terminal block (TB).

상기 리튬이온 배터리팩에 있어서, 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)는 고 에너지 밀도 전지로써, 휴대용 전자제품의 전원 공급용으로 가장 널리 사용되고 있으며, 비교적 가볍고 저장용량이 클 뿐 아니라 그 밖의 장점이 많은 반면 에너지 밀도가 커서 과충전 등에 의해 발열발화, 수명저하 등의 현상이 일어날 수 있으므로 보호회로를 부착 사용해야 한다.In the lithium ion battery pack, a lithium ion battery (LiB) is a high energy density battery, which is most widely used for power supply of portable electronic products, and is relatively light and has a large storage capacity as well as many other advantages. Because of the large size, overheating may cause ignition such as overheating, deterioration of life and so on.

보호회로(PCM)는 과충전 방지, 과방전 방지, 과전류 방지 등의 기능이 내장되는 전자회로 모듈로써, 전기적으로 각각의 기능을 검출하기 위한 반도체 집적회로(IC)와 충전, 방전을 각각 차단하기 위한 스위칭 소자(FET1, FET2), 그리고 노이즈 또는 정전기로부터 각 소자를 보호하기 위한 저항(R1, R2)과 캐패시터(C1, C2)를 인쇄회로기판(PCB; Printed Curcuit Board)에 실장하여 모듈화해서 사용하는 것이 보통이다.The protection circuit (PCM) is an electronic circuit module in which functions such as overcharge protection, overdischarge prevention, and overcurrent protection are built in. The protection circuit (PCM) is a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) for electrically detecting each function, and is used to block charge and discharge, respectively. Switching elements FET1 and FET2, and resistors R1 and R2 and capacitors C1 and C2 for protecting each element from noise or static electricity are mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) and used in a modular manner. Is common.

접촉단자부(TB)는 전자제품의 전원단자 또는 충전기와 연결하기 위한 부분을 말한다.The contact terminal part TB refers to a part for connecting with a power terminal or a charger of an electronic product.

본 발명이 관계하는 리튬이온 배터리팩은 상기 리튬이온 배터리(LiB), 보호회로(PCM), 접촉단자부(TB)를 견고하게 케이스 안에 조립하여 사용이 편리하게 만든 것을 말한다.The lithium ion battery pack according to the present invention refers to a lithium ion battery (LiB), a protection circuit (PCM), and a contact terminal part (TB) that are firmly assembled in a case to make it easy to use.

한편 전술한 바와 같이 일렉트릭 케미컬(Electric Chemical)의 영역에 있는 리튬이온 배터리(LiB) 역시 다른 배터리와 마찬가지로 최상의 특성을 발휘하기 위 한 구동환경의 제약을 받고 있으며, 최상의 컨디션이라고 할 수 있는 상온 영역의 특성을 극대화하기 위해서는 극한치의 특성은 상대적으로 낮아질 수밖에 없으므로 저온으로 갈수록 그 성능이 저하되고, 극저온(예를 들면 -10℃이하)이 되면 더 이상 휴대형 전자제품에 전원을 공급할 수 없을 정도로 기능이 약화된다.On the other hand, as described above, Li-ion batteries (LiB) in the field of electric chemicals are constrained by the driving environment to exhibit the best characteristics like other batteries. In order to maximize the characteristics, the characteristics of the extreme value are inevitably lowered, so the performance decreases as the temperature is lowered, and when the temperature becomes extremely low (for example, -10 ° C or lower), the function is weakened so that it is no longer possible to supply power to portable electronic products. do.

도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 과충전감지회로, 과방전감지회로, 과전류감지회로, 제어회로, 게이트제어회로가 내장되는 반도체 집적회로(IC)와 게이트제어회로에 접속되는 스위칭 소자(FET1, FET2), 그리고 노이즈 또는 정전기로부터 각 소자를 보호하기 위한 저항(R1, R2)과 캐패시터(C1, C2)로 이루어지는 종래의 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로(PCM)는 저온보상기능을 갖추지 못하고 있기 때문에 이를 채용한 리튬이온 배터리팩을 사용하는 휴대형 전자제품의 경우 극저온에서 작동이 불가능하게 되는 문제가 있었다.As shown in Fig. 1, an overcharge detection circuit, an overdischarge detection circuit, an overcurrent detection circuit, a control circuit, a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) in which a gate control circuit is embedded, and switching elements (FET1, FET2) connected to the gate control circuit, The protection circuit (PCM) of the conventional lithium ion battery pack, which consists of resistors (R1, R2) and capacitors (C1, C2) for protecting each element from noise or static electricity, does not have a low temperature compensation function. In the case of a portable electronic product using a lithium ion battery pack, there was a problem in that it is impossible to operate at cryogenic temperatures.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 실정을 감안하여 안출한 것이며, 그 목적이 리튬이온 배터리의 성능이 현저하게 떨어지는 극저온 환경에서도 리튬이온 배터리를 채용하는 휴대형 전자제품을 사용할 수 있도록 하는 등 리튬이온 배터리의 기능성 및 상품성을 향상시킬 수 있도록 하는 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로를 제공하는 데에 있는 것이다.The present invention has been devised in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object thereof is to use a portable electronic product employing a lithium ion battery even in a cryogenic environment in which the performance of the lithium ion battery is significantly reduced. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protection circuit for a lithium ion battery pack that can improve functionality and marketability.

본 발명은 상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로와 스위칭 소자를 내장하고, 리튬이온 배터리의 일측에 상기 스위칭 소자에 의해 작동되는 박막히터를 설치하는 것을 특징으로 하며, 이하 그 구체적인 기술내용을 첨부도면에 의거하여 더욱 자세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention incorporates a temperature sensing circuit and a switching element for low temperature compensation in a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC), and installs a thin film heater operated by the switching element on one side of a lithium ion battery. The present invention will be described in more detail based on the accompanying drawings.

즉, 도 2에는 본 발명의 한 실시예의 구성도가 도시되어 있는 바, 본 발명은That is, FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

리튬이온 배터리(LiB);Lithium ion battery (LiB);

과충전감지회로, 과방전감지회로, 과전류감지회로, 제어회로, 게이트제어회로가 내장되는 반도체 집적회로(IC)와 게이트제어회로에 접속되는 스위칭 소자(FET1, FET2), 그리고 노이즈 또는 정전기로부터 각 소자를 보호하기 위한 저항(R1, R2)과 캐패시터(C1, C2)를 구비하는 보호회로(PCM);Each element from an overcharge detection circuit, an overdischarge detection circuit, an overcurrent detection circuit, a control circuit, a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) in which a gate control circuit is incorporated, a switching element (FET1, FET2) connected to the gate control circuit, and noise or static electricity A protection circuit PCM having resistors R1 and R2 and capacitors C1 and C2 for protecting the circuits;

전자제품의 전원단자 또는 충전기와 연결하기 위한 접촉단자부(TB);를 견고하게 케이스 안에 조립하여 사용이 편리하게 만든 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로를 구성함에 있어서,In the protective circuit of the lithium ion battery pack made of a convenient assembly by firmly assembling the contact terminal (TB) in the case for connecting to a power terminal or a charger of electronic products,

상기 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로와 스위칭 소자(FET3)를 내장하고, 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)의 일측에 상기 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 내장된 스위칭 소자(FET3)에 의해 작동되는 박막히터(H1)를 설치하여서 되는 것이다.The semiconductor integrated circuit IC has a temperature sensing circuit and a switching element FET3 for low temperature compensation, and a switching element FET3 embedded in the semiconductor integrated circuit IC on one side of a lithium ion battery LiB. It is to install a thin film heater (H1) that is operated by.

도면부호중 미설명부호 PS(Poly Switch)는 과전류 보호 소자의 일종으로 정격이상의 전류와 온도 상승이 수반되면 통전 전류를 제한하여 배터리의 고장을 방 지하기 위한 소자이다.PS (Poly Switch) in the drawing is a kind of overcurrent protection device is a device for preventing the failure of the battery by limiting the conduction current when the current and temperature rise above the rated.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 있어서는 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로가 반도체 집적회로(IC) 내부에 추가 설치되므로 외부의 부품 추가를 최소화 할 수 있게 된다.In the present invention configured as described above, since the temperature sensing circuit for low temperature compensation is additionally installed inside the semiconductor integrated circuit (IC), it is possible to minimize the addition of external components.

본 발명의 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로 및 스위칭 소자(FET3)에 의한 박막히터(H1)의 동작 영역은 주로 극저온에서 최소의 동작에너지를 보장하기 위한 온도까지만 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)의 온도를 상승시키도록 하는 것이 바람직한 바, 그 이유는 박막히터(H1)에서 많은 전력을 소비하게 되면 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)가 너무 빨리 방전되고, 그에 따라 실제 사용하기 전에 에너지가 다 소진되어 전자기기의 작동이 불가능할 수도 있기 때문이다.The operating region of the thin film heater H1 by the temperature sensing circuit and the switching element FET3 for low temperature compensation of the present invention mainly increases the temperature of the lithium ion battery LiB only to a temperature for ensuring a minimum operating energy at cryogenic temperatures. The reason for this is that if a large amount of power is consumed in the thin film heater (H1), the lithium ion battery (LiB) is discharged too quickly, and thus the energy is exhausted before the actual use. It may be impossible.

본 발명에 있어서 리튬이온 배터리팩의 저온 방치 후 기동이 되어 사용하게 되면 사용자의 인체에서 전달되는 온도 그리고 전자기기 자체에서 작동에 의한 발열, 그리고 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)가 방전하면서 자체적으로 발열 현상이 일어나므로 일정온도 이상 상승하면 박막히터(H1)는 더 이상 작동할 필요가 없게 된다.In the present invention, when the lithium ion battery pack is used after being left at a low temperature, the temperature is transmitted from the user's body and the heat generated by the operation of the electronic device itself, and the lithium ion battery (LiB) discharges itself. Therefore, when the temperature rises above a certain temperature, the thin film heater H1 does not need to operate any more.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로와 스위칭 소자(FET3)를 내장하고, 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)의 일측에 상기 스위칭 소자(FET3)에 의해 작동되는 박막히터(H1)를 설치한 것으로, 본 발명에 의하면 휴대형 전자제품, 예를 들면 휴대폰 사용자가 극저온 환경에서 활동하다 가 조난 또는 사고를 당했을 때 휴대폰을 사용하여 구조요청을 할 수 있게 되는 등 극저온 환경에도 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)의 성능을 최대한 유지하게 하여 사용자의 편의를 크게 증진시킬 수 있게 되며, 그에 따라 리튬이온 배터리팩의 기능성 및 상품성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있게 되는 등의 효과를 얻을 수 있게 된다.As described above, the present invention incorporates a temperature sensing circuit and a switching element FET3 for low temperature compensation in a semiconductor integrated circuit IC, and is operated by the switching element FET3 on one side of a lithium ion battery LiB. According to the present invention, a portable electronic device, for example, a user of a mobile phone, is activated in a cryogenic environment and is able to request a rescue using a mobile phone when a distress or an accident occurs. By maintaining the performance of Li-ion battery (LiB) to the maximum in the environment, it is possible to greatly enhance the user's convenience, and thus to obtain the effect of greatly improving the functionality and commerciality of the lithium-ion battery pack. do.

Claims (1)

리튬이온 배터리(LiB);Lithium ion battery (LiB); 과충전감지회로, 과방전감지회로, 과전류감지회로, 제어회로, 게이트제어회로가 내장되는 반도체 집적회로(IC)와 게이트제어회로에 접속되는 스위칭 소자(FET1, FET2), 그리고 노이즈 또는 정전기로부터 각 소자를 보호하기 위한 저항(R1, R2)과 캐패시터(C1, C2)를 구비하는 보호회로(PCM);Each element from an overcharge detection circuit, an overdischarge detection circuit, an overcurrent detection circuit, a control circuit, a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) in which a gate control circuit is incorporated, a switching element (FET1, FET2) connected to the gate control circuit, and noise or static electricity A protection circuit PCM having resistors R1 and R2 and capacitors C1 and C2 for protecting the circuits; 전자제품의 전원단자 또는 충전기와 연결하기 위한 접촉단자부(TB);를 견고하게 케이스 안에 조립하여 사용이 편리하게 만든 리튬이온 배터리팩에 있어서,In the lithium ion battery pack made of a convenient contact by assembling a solid state in the case (TB) for connecting to a power terminal or a charger of electronic products, 상기 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 저온보상을 위한 온도감지회로와 스위칭 소자(FET3)를 내장하고, 리튬이온 배터리(LiB)의 일측에 상기 반도체 집적회로(IC)에 내장된 스위칭 소자(FET3)에 의해 작동되는 박막히터(H1)를 설치한 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이온 배터리팩의 보호회로.The semiconductor integrated circuit IC has a temperature sensing circuit and a switching element FET3 for low temperature compensation, and a switching element FET3 embedded in the semiconductor integrated circuit IC on one side of a lithium ion battery LiB. Protective circuit of a lithium ion battery pack, characterized in that installed by the thin film heater (H1) that is activated by.
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US9362750B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2016-06-07 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Energy storage system and method for controlling the same
WO2022211269A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 엘에스일렉트릭 (주) Battery protection unit and control method for battery protection unit
KR20230011108A (en) 2021-07-13 2023-01-20 (주)코미트 Lithium-ion battery pack with heating and cooling system
KR20230011107A (en) 2021-07-13 2023-01-20 (주)코미트 Series-parallel lithium-ion battery packs with a surface-mounted electrode bonding plate with circular nickel terminals

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9362750B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2016-06-07 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Energy storage system and method for controlling the same
WO2022211269A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-10-06 엘에스일렉트릭 (주) Battery protection unit and control method for battery protection unit
KR20230011108A (en) 2021-07-13 2023-01-20 (주)코미트 Lithium-ion battery pack with heating and cooling system
KR20230011107A (en) 2021-07-13 2023-01-20 (주)코미트 Series-parallel lithium-ion battery packs with a surface-mounted electrode bonding plate with circular nickel terminals

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