KR100743453B1 - Excavation method of vertical hole - Google Patents

Excavation method of vertical hole Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100743453B1
KR100743453B1 KR1020060049815A KR20060049815A KR100743453B1 KR 100743453 B1 KR100743453 B1 KR 100743453B1 KR 1020060049815 A KR1020060049815 A KR 1020060049815A KR 20060049815 A KR20060049815 A KR 20060049815A KR 100743453 B1 KR100743453 B1 KR 100743453B1
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South Korea
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underground
gang
ground
blasting
excavation
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KR1020060049815A
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Korean (ko)
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안영모
김강석
김경민
백덕기
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한국석유공사
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Priority to CNA2006101531978A priority patent/CN101082217A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
    • E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

An excavation method of a vertical shaft is provided to increase construction quality and to increase economic effect by performing a magnifying blasting work after perforating a central heading with excavation equipment, and to increase construction efficiency and to perform construction work safely by dropping muck to a central heading. The excavation method of a vertical shaft comprises the steps of: forming a central heading(11) by putting upward excavation equipment provided with a connection type rotary rod and small-diameter/large-diameter heads on the appointed site, mounting the small-diameter head on the rotary rod of the upward excavation equipment, tunneling downward and perforating a pilot hole to be connected with an underground shaft(20), and mounting the large-diameter head to the rotary rod of the upward excavation equipment, tunneling upward to the ground along the pilot hole and expanding the pilot hole; magnifying the central heading by perforating bedrock(A) of a magnified blast area under a 2-free surface secured by the central heading penetrated from the ground to the underground shaft and loading gunpowder, and then blasting; dropping muck(B) formed by magnifying the bedrock of the magnified blast area through the central heading and carrying out from the underground shaft, and repeating above mentioned steps in order and tunneling downward to be connected with the underground shaft, so that a vertical shaft(10) connected vertically to the underground shaft excavated under the ground.

Description

수직 갱 굴착방법{Excavation method of vertical hole}Excavation method of vertical hole

도1a, 도1b, 도1c는 종래 수직 갱 굴착방법의 단계별 작업공정을 순서대로 나타낸 것임Figure 1a, Figure 1b, Figure 1c is a step-by-step operation of the conventional vertical gang excavation method in order

도2a, 도2b, 도2c, 도2d는 본 발명 수직 갱 굴착방법의 단계별 작업공정을 순서대로 나타낸 것임Figure 2a, Figure 2b, Figure 2c, Figure 2d is a step-by-step operation of the vertical gang excavation method of the present invention in order

도3a, 도3b는 본 발명 실시예의 수직갱 굴착방법에 따른 것으로, 상향식 굴착장비로서 중심 도갱을 천공하는 상태를 나타낸 것임Figure 3a, Figure 3b according to the vertical rig excavation method of the embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of drilling the center gang as a bottom-up excavation equipment

도4는 본 발명 일실시예의 수직갱 굴착방법에 따른 것으로, 하향식 굴착장비로서 중심 도갱을 천공하는 상태를 나타낸 것임Figure 4 is in accordance with the vertical gang excavation method of an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state of drilling the central gang as a top-down excavation equipment

도5는 본 발명 일실시예의 수직갱 굴착방법에 따른 것으로, 하향식 굴착장비로 굴착된 중심 도갱을 평면도로 나타낸 것임Figure 5 is in accordance with the vertical gang excavation method of an embodiment of the present invention, it is shown in a plan view the center pit excavated with a top down drilling equipment

< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

10: 수직 갱 11: 중심 도갱10: vertical gang 11: center gang

20: 지하 갱 30: 굴착장비20: underground gang 30: drilling equipment

A: 확대발파영역의 암반 B: 버력A: Rock in the enlarged blasting area B: Buoyancy

C: 화약 D: 화약장입홀C: gunpowder D: gunpowder hole

본 발명은 지하 갱과 수직으로 연결되는 수직 갱을 굴착하기 위한 것으로, 특히 수직 갱의 굴착에 따른 작업공정을 개선시켜서 안정성과 시공성이 우수하면서도 경제성을 증진시킬 수 있도록 한 수직 갱 굴착방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to excavation of vertical gangs vertically connected with underground gangs, and more particularly, to a vertical gang excavation method that improves the work process according to excavation of vertical gangs, thereby improving safety and constructability while increasing economic efficiency. .

통상적으로 지하 물류저장고, 지하 유류저장고, 지하 핵폐기물저장고, 지하터널, 지하철 등의 지하시설물 용도로 굴착되는 지하 갱에는 출입, 물류이송, 환기를 목적으로 수직 갱을 연결 굴착하고, 양수식 발전소와 같은 지하시설물 용도로 굴착되는 지하 갱에는 통수를 목적으로 수직 갱을 연결 굴착하여 왔다.In general, underground gangs excavated for underground facilities such as underground warehouses, underground oil tanks, underground nuclear waste tanks, underground tunnels, subways, etc. are connected to excavated vertical gangs for the purpose of access, logistics, and ventilation. Underground gangs are excavated for underground facilities, and vertical gangs have been drilled for watering purposes.

지하시설물 구축 공사현장에서 시행되고 있는 종래의 수직 갱 굴착방법은 도1a 내지 도1c에 도시되는 바와 같이, 해당 위치의 지면으로부터 지하 갱(2)에 이르기까지 단일 자유면하에서 화약(4)으로 한 단계씩 발파영역(3)을 발파하고 발파시 발생된 버력(5)은 반출장비(6)로서 지상으로 운반하여 반출 처리하는 일련의 발파 굴착작업을 반복적으로 수행하여 지하 갱(2)과 수직으로 연결되는 수직 갱(1)을 굴착할 수 있도록 하였다.Conventional vertical gang excavation method that is being carried out at the underground construction site construction site is shown in Figure 1a to 1c As shown, blasting the blasting area (3) step by step with the gunpowder (4) under a single free surface from the ground of the location to the underground gang (2) and the blast force (5) generated during the blasting is carried out by the carrying out equipment ( 6) was repeatedly carried out a series of blasting excavation work to be carried out to the ground to excavate the vertical gang (1) connected to the underground gang (2) vertically.

이와 같이 종래의 수직 갱 굴착방법은 한 단계씩 발파작업과 버력 운반작업을 반복하면서 하향 굴착하여서 목적하는 수직 갱(1)을 얻을 수 있게 하여 주는 것 이 사실이다.As described above, it is true that the conventional vertical gang excavation method makes it possible to obtain the desired vertical gang 1 by digging downward while repeating the blasting operation and the bubbling conveying operation step by step.

그러나, 종래의 수직 갱 굴착방법은 단일 자유면하에서 발파영역(3)을 발파하고 발파시 발생된 버력(5)은 반출장비(6)로 지상으로 운반하여 반출 처리하는 방식으로 수직 갱(1)을 굴착하게 되므로 다음과 같은 문제점을 수반하게 되었다.However, the conventional vertical gang excavation method blasts the blasting area 3 under a single free surface, and the buckling force 5 generated during the blasting is transported to the ground by the unloading equipment 6 to carry out the vertical gang 1. Since the excavation was accompanied by the following problems.

첫째, 단일 자유면하에서 한 단계씩 발파영역(3)을 발파할 때마다 파생되는 진동이 주변 지반에 그대로 전가되어 암반 절리면에 이완영역이 증가되는 현상이 발생되므로, 굴착이 완료된 수직 갱(1)의 안정성이 취약한 동시에, 그 수직 갱(1) 내에 지층수의 유입 가능성을 높여서 시공품질이 크게 저하되는 문제점이 있었다.First, since every time the blasting area 3 is blasted under a single free surface, the vibration derived is transferred to the surrounding ground as it is, and the relaxation area is increased on the rock joint surface. At the same time, there was a problem that the construction quality was greatly deteriorated by increasing the possibility of inflow of the groundwater into the vertical gang 1 at the same time.

둘째, 단일 자유면하에서 한 단계씩 발파영역(3)을 발파할 때마다 원하는 발파효과를 얻기 위해서 많은 량의 화약(4)을 사용하게 되므로, 전체적인 화약(4) 소요량이 증가되어서 경제적 부담이 가중되는 문제점이 있었다.Second, each time blasting the blasting area (3) in a single free surface, a large amount of gunpowder (4) is used to achieve the desired blasting effect, the overall gunpowder (4) requirements are increased, thereby increasing the economic burden There was a problem.

셋째, 굴착 중인 수직 갱(1) 내에서 작업자가 발파영역(3)을 발파하여 발생된 버력(5)을 인력으로 반출장비(6)에 담아서 지상으로 운반하는 과정에서, 작업시간 및 작업대기시간이 과도하게 소요되어서 전체적인 공사기간이 연장될 뿐만 아니라, 버력(5)을 반출장비(6)에 담아 지상으로 운반할 때에 굴착 중인 수직 갱(1) 내에서 대기하게 되는 작업자가 낙하되는 버력(5)에 의하여 부상을 당하거나 심한 경우에는 사망하게 되는 등의 안전사고가 빈번히 발생되는 문제점이 있었다.Third, in the process of transporting the buoyancy (5) generated by the blasting area (3) in the vertical gang (1) being excavated in the transport equipment (6) by manpower to the ground, working time and waiting time This excessively takes not only the overall construction period is extended, but also when the worker is waiting in the vertical gang (1) in excavation when transporting the force (5) in the transport equipment (6) to the ground (5) ), There was a problem that frequently caused accidents such as injuries or death in severe cases.

본 발명의 목적은 굴착장비로 중심 도갱을 천공한 후 확대발파작업을 수행하 여서 시공품질이 우수하고 경제적으로 시공할 수 있게 하여 주는 수직 갱 굴착방법을 제공하는데 있다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical gang excavation method that allows the construction quality is excellent and economical construction by carrying out the expansion blasting work after drilling the center pit with excavation equipment.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 확대발파시 발생된 버력이 중심 도갱으로 낙하되게 하여서 시공능률을 향상시켜 주면서도 안전하게 시공할 수 있게 하여 주는 수직 갱 굴착방법을 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical gang excavation method that allows the buoyancy generated during the expansion and blast to fall to the center pit to improve the construction efficiency and safely construction.

본 발명도 지하에 굴착되는 지하 갱과 연결되도록 수직 갱을 굴착하는 점에 있어서는 종래의 것과 기술개념을 같이 한다.The present invention also shares the same technical concept as the conventional one in terms of excavating a vertical gang so as to be connected to an underground pit excavated underground.

단, 본 발명의 수직 갱 굴착방법은 도2a 내지 도2d에 도시되는 바와 같이, 상기 중심 도갱을 천공하고자 하는 해당 위치의 지면에 연결형의 회전로드(31)와 그 끝단에 교환 장착되는 소구경 및 대구경 헤드(32)(33)를 가지는 상향식 굴착장비(30)를 안치시킨 후, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 소구경 헤드(32)를 장착하여 지면으로부터 하강 굴진시켜서 지하 갱(20)과 연통되도록 유도공(11a)을 천공한 후, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 대구경 헤드(33)를 장착하여 유도공(11a)을 따라 지면까지 상승 굴진시켜서 그 유도공이 확경되도록 유도공을 확대 천공함으로써 중심 도갱(11)을 형성하는 단계와;
지면으로부터 지하 갱(20)에 이르기까지 관통된 중심 도갱(11)에 의하여 확보된 2자유면하에서 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 천공하여 화약(C)을 장전 발파함으로써 중심 도갱(11)을 확갱시키는 단계;
확대발파영역의 암반(A)의 확갱시 발생된 버력(B)이 중심 도갱(11)을 통하여 낙하되게 하여 지하 갱(20)에서 반출 처리하는 단계;로 이루어져서, 상기의 단계를 순차적으로 반복하여 지하 갱(20)의 상부면까지 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 굴착하는 것을 기술구성상의 특징으로 한다.However, the vertical gang excavation method of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2a to 2d, the small diameter that is exchanged and mounted on the rotary rod 31 and the end of the connection type to the ground of the corresponding position to drill the center pit and After the bottom-up drilling rig 30 having the large-diameter head 32, 33 is settled, the small diameter head 32 is mounted on the rotary rod 31 of the bottom-up drilling rig 30 to be excavated downward from the ground. After drilling the induction hole (11a) so as to communicate with the gang (20), the large diameter head 33 is mounted on the rotary rod 31 of the bottom-up drilling rig 30 to rise and excavate to the ground along the induction hole (11a) Forming a central pit 11 by expanding the guide hole so that the guide hole is expanded;
Under the two free planes secured by the central pit 11 penetrating from the ground to the underground pit 20, the core blast 11 is loaded by blasting the rock A of the enlarged blasting area and loading the explosive charge C. Expanding step;
The step (b) generated during the expansion of the rock (A) of the enlarged blasting area to fall through the center pit 11 to carry out the underground gang (20); consisting of, by repeating the above steps sequentially The excavation of the rock A in the enlarged blasting area to the upper surface of the underground pit 20 is characterized by technical construction.

이하, 첨부도면에 도시되는 구체적인 실시예를 통하여 본 발명의 기술내용을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the technical details of the present invention through the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings in detail.

도2a는 중심 도갱을 천공하는 작업공정을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2a shows a working process for drilling a central rob.

상기 중심 도갱(11)은 해당 위치의 지면에 굴착 예정인 수직 갱(10)의 중심부에 맞추어 지하에 굴착되는 지하 갱(20)과 수직으로 연통되도록 천공하여서 된다.The central pit 11 is perforated to vertically communicate with the underground gang 20 excavated in the basement in accordance with the center of the vertical gang 10 to be excavated to the ground of the location.

본 발명의 실시예에서는 도3a 및 도3b에서와 같이, 해당 위치의 지면에 연결형의 회전로드(31)와 그 끝단에 교환 장착되는 소구경 및 대구경 헤드(32)(33)를 가지는 상향식 굴착장비(30)를 안치시키고, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 소구경 헤드(32)를 장착하여 지면으로부터 하강 굴진시켜서 지하 갱(20)과 연통되도록 유도공(11a)을 천공한 후, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 대구경 헤드(33)를 장착하여 유도공(11a)을 따라 그 유도공이 확경되도록 상승 굴진시켜서 중심 도갱(11)을 상향 굴착방식으로 정밀히 천공할 수 있게 한 것으로 예시되어 있다.In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 3a and 3b, up-drilling equipment having a small diameter and large diameter heads 32, 33 are connected to the rotary rod 31 and the end of the connection type on the ground of the position 30 is placed, the small diameter head 32 is mounted on the rotary rod 31 of the bottom-up drilling rig 30 and excavated downward from the ground to drill the guide hole 11a so as to communicate with the underground gang 20. Afterwards, the large diameter head 33 is mounted on the rotary rod 31 of the upward drilling rig 30 to be excavated upwardly to expand the guide hole along the guide hole 11a to precisely drill the central pit 11 in an upward excavation manner. It is illustrated as being made possible.

이와 같이 천공된 중심 도갱(11)은 굴착부위에 2자유면을 확보하여 주어서 확대발파작업의 효율을 증대시키는 기능을 발휘하고, 발파시 발생된 버력(B)이 수직 갱(10) 측으로 낙하되게 하는 이송통로의 기능 및, 이후의 발파작업시 수직 갱(10) 내의 공기순환을 위한 환기통로의 기능을 발휘하게 된다.The center pit 11 drilled in this way has a function to increase the efficiency of the expansion blasting work by securing two free surfaces on the excavation site, and the force B generated during the blasting falls to the vertical gang 10 side. The function of the conveying passage to perform the function of the ventilation passage for the air circulation in the vertical gang 10 during the subsequent blasting work.

도2b 내지 도2d는 중심 도갱이 천공된 이후에 수행되는 수직 갱의 굴착 작업공정을 나타낸 것이다.Figures 2b-2d show the excavation work of the vertical gang which is carried out after the central pit is drilled.

본 발명의 실시예에서는 지면에서부터 중심 도갱(11)으로 확보된 2자유면하에서 미리 설치하여 준비된 화약(C)으로 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 소요 단면형상으로 발파하고, 이때 발생된 버력(B)은 중심 도갱(11)을 통하여 낙하되게 하여 지하 갱(20) 측에서 반출하여 처리하는 작업을 반복하면서 지하 갱(20)과 연결되도록 하향 굴착하여서, 지하시설물 용도로 지하에 굴착되는 지하 갱(20)과 수직으로 연결되는 수직 갱(10)을 얻을 수 있게 한 것으로 예시되어 있다.In the embodiment of the present invention, the rock (A) of the enlarged blasting area is exploded into the required cross-sectional shape with the gunpowder (C) prepared in advance under the two free planes secured from the ground to the center robber 11 in the required cross section. B) is excavated downward to be connected to the underground gang (20) while repeating the operation to be carried out and processed from the underground gang 20 side by dropping through the center pit (11), underground pit excavated underground for underground facilities It is illustrated that it is possible to obtain a vertical gang 10 which is vertically connected with 20.

이러한 수직 갱(10)의 굴착 작업공정은 선 굴착하여 천공된 중심 도갱(11)을 이용하여 2자유면하에서 화약(C)으로 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 발파하고, 발파시 발생된 버력(B)은 중심 도갱(11)으로 낙하되게 하므로, 발파시 주변 지반에 전가되는 진동을 최소화하여 암반 절리면에 이완영역의 발생을 억제하게 되고, 적은 량의 화약(C)으로 충분한 발파효과를 기대할 수 있게 되며, 발파시 발생된 버력(B)을 신속하고 안전하게 처리할 수 있게 된다.Excavation work process of the vertical gang 10 is used to blast the rock (A) of the expansion blasting area with explosives (C) under two free planes using the center pit 11 drilled by line excavation, the buckling force generated at the blasting Since (B) falls to the center robber 11, it minimizes the vibration transmitted to the surrounding ground during blasting, thereby suppressing the occurrence of the relaxation region on the rock joint surface, and expects a sufficient blasting effect with a small amount of gunpowder (C). It becomes possible, and it is possible to quickly and safely handle the bulge (B) generated during blasting.

그리고, 상기 수직 갱(10)의 굴착시 사용되는 화약(C)은 해당 확대발파영역에 설계된 발파패턴으로 천공된 다수의 화약장입홀(D) 내에 장입하여 준비한다.Then, the gunpowder (C) used in the excavation of the vertical gang 10 is prepared by charging in a plurality of gunpowder charging holes (D) perforated with a blasting pattern designed in the corresponding extended blasting area.

또, 굴착중인 수직 갱(10) 내에서 발파작업 준비를 할 때에 도2b에서와 같이, 격자형의 상부 및 하부 프레임(41)(42)을 가지며, 하부 프레임(42)의 상부 중앙에는 상하로 트여진 작업용 개구부(44)가 주변에 위치하도록 상기 중심 도갱(11)의 직경보다 넓은 평면적으로 작업발판(43)을 설치하여서 된 승강작업대(40)를 운용함이 바람직하다.Moreover, when preparing for blasting work in the vertical gang 10 which is excavating, as shown in FIG. 2B, it has the grid | lattice upper and lower frames 41 and 42, and is located in the upper center of the lower frame 42 up and down. It is preferable to operate the lifting platform 40 by installing the working step 43 in a plane wider than the diameter of the center crest 11 so that the opened working opening 44 is located around.

이 승강작업대(40)는 지상에서 작업자가 작업발판(43) 위에 올라타고 작업위치로 하강하여 해당 확대발파영역의 암반(A)의 상부에 안착된 상태에서, 작업자가 작업발판(43) 위에서 작업용 개구부(44)를 통하여 해당 확대발파영역의 암반(A)에 화약장입홀(D)들을 천공하고, 그 화약장입홀(D)들 내에 화약(C)을 장입하는 등의 발파작업 준비를 안전하게 수행할 수 있게 하여 준다.The elevating work platform 40 is a worker climbs on the work scaffold 43 on the ground and descends to the work position and sits on the upper part of the rock A of the corresponding enlarged blasting area, the worker works on the work scaffold 43 Through the opening 44, the gunpowder charging holes D are drilled into the rock A of the enlarged blasting area, and the preparation of the blasting work such as charging the gunpowder C into the gunpowder charging holes D is performed safely. Let me do it.

상기 승강작업대(40)는 지상에 별도로 설치된 승강장치(50)의 윈치(51)에 권회되는 와이어(52)를 연결시켜서 굴착 중인 수직 갱(10) 내에서 승강될 수 있도록 한다.The elevating work platform 40 is connected to the wire 52 wound on the winch 51 of the elevating device 50 installed on the ground so that it can be elevated in the vertical gang 10 during excavation.

한편, 도4 및 도5는 본 발명의 일실시예를 나타낸 것으로, 해당 위치의 지면에 굴착추진체(34)를 구비한 하향식 굴착장비(30)를 안치시켜서, 상기 하향식 굴착장비(30)의 굴착추진체(34)를 지면으로부터 하강 굴진시키면서 지하 갱(20)과 연통되는 1개이상의 구멍(11b)들을 뚫어서 중심 도갱(11)을 하향 굴착방식으로 신속히 천공할 수 있게 한 것으로 예시되어 있다.On the other hand, Figure 4 and Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention, by laying down the top-down drilling rig 30 equipped with the excavating propeller 34 on the ground of the location, excavation of the top-down drilling rig 30 The propellant 34 is drilled down from the ground while drilling one or more holes (11b) in communication with the underground gang (20) is illustrated to be able to quickly drill the central pit (11) in a downward excavation method.

이와 같이 구성되고 실시되는 본 발명의 수직 갱 굴착방법은, 첫째, 선 굴착하여 천공된 중심 도갱(11)에 의하여 2자유면을 확보한 상태에서 확대발파하게 되기 때문에, 발파시 주변 지반 전가되는 진동을 최소화하여 암반 절리면에 이완영역이 발생됨을 억제하여 주게 되므로, 굴착된 수직 갱(10)의 안정성을 증대시켜 주는 동시에, 이후 암반 절리면을 보강하기 위한 보강재의 투입량을 크게 감축시킬 수 있으며, 수직 갱(10) 내에 지층수의 유입 가능성을 낮출 수 있게 하여 주는 등의 장점이 있다.The vertical gang excavation method of the present invention constructed and implemented as described above is, first, because the blasting is expanded in a state in which two free surfaces are secured by the center pit 11 drilled by line excavation, so that the vibration of the surrounding ground is transferred when blasting. Since it minimizes the occurrence of a relaxation area in the rock joint surface, it increases the stability of the excavated vertical gang 10, and at the same time can significantly reduce the input amount of the reinforcing material to reinforce the rock joint surface, vertical gang (10) has the advantage of making it possible to lower the likelihood of inflow of groundwater.

둘째, 선 굴착하여 천공된 중심 도갱(11)을 기준으로 2자유면하에서 화약(C)으로 한 단계씩 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 발파할 때에, 적은 량의 화약(C)을 사용하더라도 충분한 발파효과를 기대할 수 있게 되므로, 전체적인 화약(C) 소모량을 대폭적으로 감축시켜서 시공비를 절약할 수 있는 장점이 있다.Second, even when a small amount of gunpowder (C) is used to blast the rock (A) of the enlarged blasting area step by step with gunpowder (C) on the basis of the center pit (11) drilled by line digging. Since sufficient blasting effect can be expected, there is an advantage that can significantly reduce the overall expenditure (C) consumption to save construction costs.

셋째, 한 단계씩 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 발파할 때마다 발생된 버력(B)이 중심 도갱(11)을 통하여 낙하되게 하여 지하 갱(20)에서 반출 처리하게 되기 때문에, 작업자가 버력(B)을 신속하고 안전하게 반출할 수 있게 되므로, 전체적인 공사기간을 단축시킬 수 있게 하여 줄 뿐만 아니라, 작업자가 버력(B)에 의하여 부상을 당하는 안전사고를 미연에 방지하여 주는 장점이 있다.Third, since the crushing force B generated every time the blasting rock A in the enlarged blasting area is dropped through the central pit 11 and carried out in the underground gangster 20, the worker has the crushing force. Since it is possible to take out (B) quickly and safely, it not only makes it possible to shorten the overall construction period, but also has the advantage of preventing a worker from being injured by the force (B) in advance.

이상에서 살펴 본 바와 같이, 본 발명은 굴착장비로 중심 도갱을 선 굴착하여 천공한 후, 2자유면하에서 화약으로 한 단계씩 확대발파영역의 암반을 발파하고 버력은 중심 도갱으로 낙하되게 하여 지하 갱에서 반출 처리하는 작업을 반복하면서 수직 갱을 굴착하게 되므로, 굴착된 수직 갱의 안정성을 증대시키고 수직 갱 내에 지층수의 유입 가능성을 낮출 수 있으며, 전체적인 화약 소모량을 대폭적으로 감축시켜서 시공비를 절약할 수 있는 동시에 공사기간을 단축시킬 수 있으며, 작업자가 낙하되는 버력에 의하여 부상을 당하는 안전사고를 미연에 방지하게 되는 등의 유용한 효과를 가지는 발명인 것이다.As described above, in the present invention, after drilling and drilling the center pit with the excavation equipment, the blasting the rock of the enlarged blasting area step by step with gunpowder under two free planes and the force to fall to the center pit underground underground gang Since the vertical gangs are excavated by repeating the carrying out process, the stability of the excavated vertical gangs can be increased, the possibility of getting the groundwater into the vertical gangs can be reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced by drastically reducing the overall powder consumption. At the same time it can shorten the construction period, it is an invention having a useful effect, such as to prevent in advance the safety accidents injured by the falling force of the worker.

Claims (4)

해당 위치의 지면을 선굴착하여 지하 갱과 연통되도록 중심 도갱을 천공하여 지하에 형성된 지하 갱에 연결되게 하는 수직 갱의 굴착방법에 있어서,In the excavation method of the vertical gang to pre-excavate the ground of the position to connect with the underground gang formed in the basement by drilling the central pit to communicate with the underground gang, 상기 중심 도갱을 천공하고자 하는 해당 위치의 지면에 연결형의 회전로드(31)와 그 끝단에 교환 장착되는 소구경 및 대구경 헤드(32)(33)를 가지는 상향식 굴착장비(30)를 안치시킨 후, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 소구경 헤드(32)를 장착하여 지면으로부터 하강 굴진시켜서 지하 갱(20)과 연통되도록 유도공(11a)을 천공한 후, 상기 상향식 굴착장비(30)의 회전로드(31)에 대구경 헤드(33)를 장착하여 유도공(11a)을 따라 지면까지 상승 굴진시켜서 그 유도공이 확경되도록 유도공을 확대 천공함으로써 중심 도갱(11)을 형성하는 단계와;After placing the bottom-up drilling rig 30 having a small diameter and a large diameter head 32, 33 that are exchanged and mounted on the end of the connection type on the ground of the corresponding position where the center robber is to be drilled, After mounting the small-diameter head 32 on the rotary rod 31 of the bottom up drilling rig 30 to excavate downward from the ground to drill the guide hole 11a to communicate with the underground gang 20, the bottom up drilling equipment ( Attaching the large-diameter head 33 to the rotary rod 31 of 30 to ascend and excavate to the ground along the guide hole 11a to enlarge and drill the guide hole so that the guide hole is enlarged to form a central shaft 11; 지면으로부터 지하 갱(20)에 이르기까지 관통된 중심 도갱(11)에 의하여 확보된 2자유면하에서 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 천공하여 화약(C)을 장전 발파함으로써 중심 도갱(11)을 확갱시키는 단계;Under the two free planes secured by the central pit 11 penetrating from the ground to the underground pit 20, the core blast 11 is loaded by blasting the rock A of the enlarged blasting area and loading the explosive charge C. Expanding step; 확대발파영역의 암반(A)의 확갱시 발생된 버력(B)이 중심 도갱(11)을 통하여 낙하되게 하여 지하 갱(20)에서 반출 처리하는 단계;로 이루어져서, 상기의 단계를 순차적으로 반복하여 지하 갱(20)의 상부면까지 확대발파영역의 암반(A)을 굴착하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수직 갱 굴착방법.The step (b) generated during the expansion of the rock (A) of the enlarged blasting area to fall through the center pit 11 to carry out the underground gang (20); consisting of, by repeating the above steps sequentially Vertical gang excavation method characterized in that to excavate the rock (A) of the blasting area to the upper surface of the underground gang (20). 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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KR101473711B1 (en) * 2013-07-30 2014-12-17 한국원자력환경공단 Underground excavation method of constructing underground structure for radioactive waste storage
CN103758524A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-30 安徽水安建设集团股份有限公司 Stage blasting tunneling vertical shaft construction method
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CN110206550A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-06 中铁十八局集团第四工程有限公司 A kind of complicated geological excavates the construction of shield received well
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