KR100742573B1 - Prediction of the clothing pressure based on 3d shape deformation and mechanical properties of fabrics - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for predicting clothes pressure based on a 3D shape of a human body and deformation of clothes is provided to indirectly measure the clothe pressure considering a direction of external force and curvature characteristics of the human body by using 3D information, and offer a proper clothes pressure estimation formula by considering various characteristics of the human body and clothes. Grids for drawing coordinates perpendicular to a concentric circle are stamped on fabrics of the clothes. Weight according to a tensile angle and an expansion rate of the fabrics is found. The clothes are made of the fabrics, and the shape deformed after the clothes are put on gypsum and an expanded length is scanned. An extended main direction, and an arc radius and the extended length in the main direction are calculated from a scanned image. The clothes pressure is estimated by finding tensile stress of the fabric from the extended length and inputting the tensile stress to a clothes pressure estimation formula.

Description

Prediction of the Clothing Pressure Based on 3D Shape deformation and Mechanical Properties of Fabrics}

1 is an explanatory diagram of a tensile stress acting on a sphere.

2 is a conceptual diagram of a radius of curvature.

3 is an explanatory diagram of a Gaussian curvature and an average curvature.

4 is a perspective view of a spherical system.

5 is an internal structure diagram of a spherical system.

6 is a conceptual diagram showing the force of a part of a sphere.

7 is a partial division of a three-dimensional human body for forming a two-dimensional pattern.

8 is a structural diagram (front side of a garment) showing an example of obtaining a triangular simplified two-dimensional pattern from three-dimensional scan data.

9 is a structural diagram (sleeve) showing another example of obtaining a triangular simplified two-dimensional pattern from three-dimensional scan data.

10 is a three-dimensional pattern combination diagram of each part.

11 is a final pattern combination diagram drawn in Yuka cad.

12 is a graph of the decrease according to the reduction step of the fabric A.

Figure 13 is a graph of the reduction according to the reduction step of the fabric B.

14 is a structural diagram showing three points of garment pressure measurement.

15 is a structural diagram of a fabric specimen prepared for the tensile properties of the fabric.

Figure 16 is a structural diagram showing the direction of the specimen prepared for the tensile test in consideration of the actual direction of stretching in a worn state.

Figure 17 is a conceptual diagram of the preparation and installation method of the specimen for the tensile test considering the actual sewing direction.

18 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a process of finding a major axis and a minor axis in the modified reference grid.

19 is a schematic diagram of curves and axes before and after deformation;

20 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement of a radius of curvature using a rapid form;

21 is an explanatory diagram showing an average curvature radius of a curved line deformed in a 3D image.

22 is an explanatory diagram showing the deformation angle and length of a circular grid for measuring actual fabric stress.

FIG. 23 is a graph showing an example of prediction of curve stress and curve fitting for a modified circular grating on a plaster diagram. FIG.

24 is a graph of tensile elongation curve of fabric A according to the change angle between jaws.

Fig. 25 is a structural diagram showing five measurement points for sizing grid sources;

Fig. 26 is a structural diagram showing the expected garment pressure and the actual garment pressure using the horizontal and vertical axes at five measurement points.

27 is a graph showing the verification of the proposed clothing pressure under various conditions of human factors.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing the predicted garment pressure and actual garment pressure near the bottom of fabric A. FIG.

29 is a structural diagram showing the major axis and the minor axis in the shoulder / upper back.

30 is a perspective view showing a state of measuring the clothing pressure of the human body.

The present invention relates to a method of predicting clothing pressure, which is recently attracting attention as an important factor for determining clothing comfort while being used as a measure for evaluating the activity of a designed garment.

Clothing pressure refers to the pressure applied to the body when the clothing is worn, and its size varies depending on the design of the garment, the method of wearing the garment, the material used to make the garment, and the posture and physical characteristics of the garment wearer. Proper clothing pressure plays an important role in protecting the human body, increasing exercise efficiency and improving aesthetics. In particular, garments that require special functions such as protectors to protect hips, knees, elbows and shoulders from impact damage, pressure gloves to help treat arthritis, edema relief stockings, and burn burn patients are suitable for the purpose. It must be designed to have the proper clothing pressure to be effective. In addition, sports clothes such as cycle clothes, in-line skates, swimwear, professional mountaineering clothes, and foundations for body correction can also double the function of the clothes by using an appropriate pressure distribution in each part of the clothes.

Therefore, clothing pressure is an indispensable element that is indispensable for special purpose, and controlling the degree of pressure according to each purpose of clothing has a great influence on the functionality of the clothing. In order to fabricate a garment to have a proper distribution of clothing pressure in each part of the human body as needed, it is generally configured in the form of a close-fitting (하며 着 衣), and the elastic material is mainly used for this purpose. Elastic materials are advantageous for providing more comfortable and comfortable clothing while applying pressure.

Recently, the chemical fiber industry is launching a variety of high-quality stretch material. For example, new materials with excellent setting and shape safety, fast sweat absorption and quick drying, water and oil repellency, soft touch, and antibacterial function are being developed. Accordingly, the necessity of related research to determine whether the desired pressure has been made after making the garment is increasing.

Conventional garment pressure measurement methods include, firstly, a direct measurement using a contact pressure sensor, and secondly, an indirect measurement method for measuring through the amount of deformation of the fabric and the curvature in the portion thereof. The direct measurement method has a viscoelastic property and can measure even a small pressure because a small pressure must be measured on a human body composed of various curved surfaces. Therefore, a special pressure sensor is needed to measure accurately regardless of the pressure direction. However, a strain gage or film-type conductive polymer sensor, which has been widely used in the past, is used in accordance with the motion of the human body on the human body on the curved surface. It was hard to measure the small pressure acting in the direction. Recently developed air-injected sensor has excellent performance, but because it is expensive, it is difficult to measure several measurement points at the same time, there is a problem that can give a feeling of rejection because the sensor is attached to the subject by direct contact.

Looking at the example of the conventional garment pressure measurement, Song Myeong dog (1986) wearing a waist belt with different types of clothing in the upright position and sitting position around the waist of a man, and measured the pressure value at this time. As a result, it was reported that the pressure value showed a significant difference as the type of clothing changed.

Jeong Myung-sun and Ryu Deok-hwan (2002) put all-in-ones made of five different materials on adult women in their 20s to study the effects of the mechanical properties of foundation materials on clothing pressure. Clothing pressure was measured. The clothing pressure was different according to the type of clothing material, and among the mechanical properties of the material, elastic recovery rate and resilience had a significant effect on the clothing pressure. In addition, clothing pressure was changed according to posture, and elastic deformation and frictional resistance caused by complex stresses such as tension, compression, shear, and bending caused by the human body influence on clothing pressure.

Yoshio et al. (1993) conducted experiments at 8 sites by setting 6 postures for measuring garment pressure in static and dynamic postures. As the posture changes, the pressure value changes significantly, especially the axillary point has a significantly larger change in the clothing pressure than the other parts. In the static posture, there was little change in the clothing pressure, whereas in the dynamic posture, the variation of the clothing pressure occurred and the size of the garment increased greatly. Through this, considering the degree of clothing pressure in the dynamic state is a way to improve the comfort.

Kim Hyo-eun and Ham Ok-sang (1994) experimented by combining three body suits in three stage sizes in order to find out the clothing pressure and restraint by size and site. Nine experimental garments were measured at 18 sites, and as the garment size decreased, the garment pressure increased. As a result of examining the relationship between the restraint and the measurement site, the restraint decreased in the order of belly, hip, waist, chest, and bust. The mean abdominal pressure of the abdominal region was 36.55 ± 1.5g / cm ² and the mean comfort pressure was 22.98 ± 1.5g / cm ² .

Clothing pressure affects the human body to some extent, and many studies have been conducted in this regard. The relationship between pressure and pressure when wearing clothing, and the effect of this on physiological phenomena, has been dealt with at home and abroad. Heart Man and Choi Choi (1991a, 1991b, 1994) studied the relationship between continuous clothing pressure and skin temperature, and how the degree of clothing pressure was related to changes in EMG and blood flow. As women wear slim slacks and change their posture, the pressure on their thighs and thighs increases. In addition, clothing pressure was maximized during operation, and the EMG amplitude gradually increased with time, and it was reported that it was a great burden on muscle activity. This suggests that the restraint pressure received by the lower extremities may cause muscle fatigue and impaired blood circulation when wearing slacks without excess.

In addition, even if the body pressure is the same body size, individual differences may appear depending on each individual's skeletal condition, subcutaneous fat thickness of the measurement site, and the like. As a result of measuring anatomical and physiological aspects of the effects of various types of kimono belt pressure on the body, Tian-Seng (1995) measured digestion, purifying and breathing in proportion to the pressure when the pressure was greater than 40 gf / cm ² . It has been reported to cause disorders in physiological function. However, since this value is the pressure applied to a specific part of the body and the change in pressure distribution is the allowance of the pressure derived from the belt of the kimono which is large, it is problematic to regard it as the allowable limit of the clothing pressure regardless of the part of the human body or the type of clothing. (渡邊 et al., 1976). Recent studies of clothing pressure related to human physiology have shown that excessive human pressure negatively affects gastrointestinal digestion and adrenaline secretion (Lee et al., 2000; Okura et al. , 2000; Sone et al., 2000).

Takasu et al. (2000, 2001) reported that excessive apparel pressure puts a heavy burden on muscle activity, gradually decreases blood flow, which can cause muscle fatigue and impaired blood flow, and may delay digestion or reduce excretion. In addition, the continuous wearing of a large clothing pressure puts a lot of pressure on the muscle activity, making the movement unnatural and affects breathing and pulse. Miyatsuji et al. (2002) found that spectral analysis showed that excessive pressure on the human body adversely affects the autonomic nervous system. In addition, several studies have been conducted on clothing pressure and feeling of restraint (Kim Jeong-hee, Lee Kyung-hwa, 2001; Kim Hyun-sik, Choi Jung-hwa, 1987; Chan & Fan, 2002; Makabe et al., 1993; Tokura et al., 2000; Watanuki, 1994 ). Jang Ji-hye and Park In-ja (1998) measured garment pressure, skin temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate according to the reduction rate and width of the belt.

On the other hand, as the clothing pressure is large and small, the pressure value and the subjective pressure are different according to the thickness of the subcutaneous fat of the subject, the habit of wearing, posture, and breathing, and the comfort zone as well as the allowable limit value are changed. Can be.

Deep and Jeon Hee (1993) selected three kinds of commercially available foundations (girdle, waist nipper, and body suit) to measure garment pressure on the front, side, and back of the waistline, and examined the feeling of restraint. As a result, even at the same pressure, the clothing pressure value was different according to the elasticity of the body part, and the clothing pressure value and the degree of restraint were not proportional. In other words, the pressure on the front of the waistline was lower than that of other parts, which was caused by a lot of subcutaneous fat and skin elasticity. It was a low pressure value, but the restraint was the highest. Said that. Therefore, the clothing pressure is very different depending on the thickness of the subcutaneous fat and the thickness of the subcutaneous fat can be said to be very important when designing the garment in consideration of the clothing pressure. Park Myung-ae and Sung Su-gwang (1997) measured the distribution of subcutaneous fat in Korean women in their 20s and 60s and found that the thickness of subcutaneous fat increased significantly with age. Choi Jung-hwa and Jung Un-sun (1984) also measured the thickness of subcutaneous fat, centered on male and female college students, and reported that these measurements had a significant effect on clothing pressure. As such, studies on the effects of clothing pressure on the human body have been conducted in various ways, but data on more precise and wide range of pressure values are not enough to establish an allowable limit. Recently, air-injected garment pressure sensors have been introduced, and precise data on weak pressures have been introduced, and studies using them have been published (Kim, Myung-Soo et al., 2002; Nam Yoon-Ja, Lee, Jun-Ok, 2002; Lee Hee-Ran et al., 2002). As it is a proprietary equipment, it is not fully utilized in various institutions.

The method of measuring the garment pressure can be largely measured by the method of using a pressure sensor and the method of estimating the amount of deformation of the fabric. Attempts to measure apparel pressure using sensors have been around since the late 1960s, and many researchers have developed apparel pressure sensors to evaluate the girdle and bra pressure (Mitsuno et al., 1991; Shimizu et al., 1988). Shimizu et al., 1990). There are several types of garment pressure sensor. Among them, strain gage uses the property of changing electrical resistance by deformation. If the pressure is not perpendicular to the center of the sensor, the measured value is inaccurate. In the human body of the curved surface, the measurement error is large. Strain gauges are not suitable for smooth surface measurement due to the elasticity of the sensor itself during surface contact, and friction with the surface affects the measured value. In addition, the measured value of the pressure may appear differently depending on the size, shape, measurement time, etc. of the sensor. Air-injected sensors, on the other hand, can measure relatively precisely, even at low pressures, and can detect small pressures sensitively. The pressure measurement principle of the sensor is to put some air in a soft bag, attach it between the parts to be measured, and draw the air through a thin flexible tube connected to the sensor and measure it by differential pressure with the atmosphere. Although it is possible to measure smooth and curved surfaces, it is very expensive to measure several places at the same time. On the other hand, the sensor using the optical fiber (elastic optical fiber) has been used to measure the pressure value when the socks are worn by measuring the light passing through the change by the pressure, but its application range is still small and practical. It is not a step (Nishimatsu et al., 1998).

The method of theoretically estimating the garment pressure by the amount of deformation of the fabric without using a pressure sensor is proposed in view of the fact that the deformation of the fabric is caused by stress (Kim Eun-ae, Park Soon-ja, 1994; Kirk & Ibrahim, 1966). Calculating the elongation of the fabric in this equation does not appear to be a big problem theoretically because the tensile force corresponding to the elongation at the curvature calculation area using the stiffness curve of the fabric. However, in practice, the conventional method is a rough predicted equation, and it is assumed that the body has a constant curvature in the biaxial direction, such as a cylindrical shape or a donut shape, without considering that the body has a continuously changing curvature. It is not suitable for estimating curvature at the surface. Yoshimura and Ishikawa (1983) reviewed the indirect measurement method proposed by Kirk and Ibrahim (1966) using a square grating (2.5 cm x 2.5 cm) and dial gauge, but did not obtain accurate results. Hasegawa and Ishikawa (1986) predicted garment pressure using a square grid (2.5cm × 2.5cm) and a dome method. Assuming that the human body was assumed to be a convex surface of an ellipsoid, a prediction error of garment pressure occurred. Kawabata et al. (1987) proposed how to consider fabric deformation when applying Kirk's and Ibrahim's (1966) equations. However, problems still arise in predicting garment pressure by incorporating clothing.

As such, research in this field was relatively active in the 1980s, but it was partially attempted in the fabric state, not in the actual human body, and applied to the human body and the garment system because there was no accurate garment pressure sensor that can be compared with the predicted pressure value at that time. It was difficult to study. And since then, the situation has reached to the present without great improvement.

On the other hand, in order to simulate the contact pressure of clothing in the human body, we developed a soft manikin with skeleton, muscle and skin similar to female torso (Yu at al., 2004). More research is needed as a starting point. In addition, studies on the simulation of clothing pressure using the finite element method (FEM) have been made (Anthony et al., 2004; Li et al., 2003; Zhang et at., 2002). Attempted to model briefly, more factors need to be considered in order to predict and apply the actual garment pressure. Theoretical simulations developed so far have not been fully validated compared to the garment pressure in the human body.

On the other hand, the indirect measurement method has long been proposed by Kirk & Ibrahim (1966) that the deformation of the fabric is caused by stress, so the tensile stress equation that acts on the surface of the sphere without using a pressure sensor has been proposed. Because the surface of is a complex curved surface different from the sphere, the pressure prediction is not well used due to the inaccurate disadvantage. This is because the estimation method of indirect measurement has not defined the basic length when tensioning the fabric or the body part considered in calculating the radius of curvature.

However, the recently introduced three-dimensional scanner makes it easy to measure a variety of three-dimensional shapes, so it is possible to examine the stretch direction and curvature characteristics caused by external forces on the human body's curved surface in various angles. The possibility of measuring the change more accurately is increasing. This improved indirect measurement method improves the methodology for measuring garment pressure more easily and accurately, and furthermore, if the pressure distribution for each part of the human body can be predicted by contactlessness, it overcomes the disadvantages of the direct measurement method. It is expected that the practical scope of application will be very broad. However, while many studies have been conducted in relation to the conventional garment pressure, there are still many problems and disadvantages in the method for measuring the garment pressure. In particular, indirect estimation methods have been proposed, but there is a significant difference from the measurement of the shape of the actual human body compared to the case of clothing modeling. Therefore, various estimation methods in the prior art have many limitations. Have.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to develop an indirect garment pressure measurement method considering the direction of the actual external force and body curvature characteristics when wearing clothes using three-dimensional information, Considering the characteristics of the human body (shape of the curved surface, the deformation of the human body according to the movement) and the clothing characteristics (fabric type, pattern shrinkage rate, sewing), a practically valid equation of garment pressure is provided.

Clothing pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment to achieve the above object in the method for predicting the clothing pressure of the three-dimensional fabric, the principal curvature measured from the circumferential stress and the amount of deformation It is characterized by using a radius.

In addition, the garment pressure is estimated in consideration of the change in the stress and curvature radius in the horizontal and vertical direction of the coating taken on the original fabric before wearing the garment changes according to the deformation of the human body, the stress and curvature radius is It characterized by being measured in the maximum circumferential direction and the minimum circumferential direction.

Where Pmax And Pmin Are the maximum and minimum circumferential directions, P is the pressure, σ is the tensile stress, and r is the radius of curvature.

And the deformation amount is approximated using a circular grating, wherein the circular grating is preferably about 1 to 5 cm in diameter. And the main direction is selected by using the deformation of the circular lattice, and the maximum and minimum distances of the diameters passing through the center point in the deformed circular lattice are set as long axis and short axis, respectively. At this time, the stress is characterized by using the elongation curve of the deformation angle θ of the long axis and short axis, respectively.

In addition, the radius of curvature is measured by connecting a center point and two circumferential points facing each other based on the center point in the deformed circular lattice, where the two points facing the center point are measured along the circumferential direction of the deformed circular lattice. It is characterized by. And the radius of curvature is characterized in that the macroscopic average curvature radius measured in three dimensions.

Meanwhile, the deformation amount measured above may use an elongation curve according to a change in the direction of the force applied to the fabric.

Hereinafter, the theoretical background and configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Kirk and Ibrahim (1966) proposed an apparel pressure equation by applying tensile stress acting on the surface of a sphere. Here, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), there exists an internal pressure p of a sphere having an inner radius r and a tensile stress σ acting on the surface of the sphere. Since the internal pressure p of the sphere acts horizontally with respect to the plane area within the hemisphere, and the pressure is uniform, the total pressure can be written as

(1)

(One)

Where the tensile stress σ is uniform over the circumference with the symmetry of the sphere and the load. Therefore, the resultant force of the tensile stress σ acting on the surface is the horizontal force, as multiplied by the area of action on the stress σ as shown in equation (2), where t is the thickness and surface r _m is the mean radius.

(2)

(2)

Therefore, the internal pressure p and the tensile stress σ of the sphere are balanced by the horizontal force, which can be written as Eq. (3).

(3)

(3)

From this, the internal pressure p of the sphere is given by equation (4), and the tensile stress acting on the surface of the sphere is given by equation (5).

(4)

(4)

(5)

(5)

But in this case it assumes the surface of a sphere with a thin film can ignore the small difference between the two radii can be written as r _m instead of r or r instead of r _m. Therefore, the following equation (6) can be applied to calculate the internal pressure of the sphere.

(6)

(6)

Since the sphere is symmetrical, the same equation for tensile stress is obtained regardless of the direction in which the center of the sphere is cut, and the surface of the sphere under pressure receives the same tensile stress σ in all directions as shown in FIG.

의 관계를 가진다.On the other hand, the radius of curvature (radius of curvature) represents the degree of curvature of the curve is expressed as the inverse of the curvature (κ), the larger the radius of curvature means that the curve is gentle. The radius of curvature is usually expressed as ρ

Has a relationship with

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a radius of curvature, and a formula for expressing curvature from general coordinates may be derived using FIG. 2. When to display the x and y-coordinates of the curve in normal Cartesian coordinate system with x = x (t), y = y of the parameter t (t) of curvature κ is defined as follows.

(7)

(7)

Where φ is the tangential angle and s is the arc length.

(8)

(8)

,

(9)

(9)

to be. therefore,

(10)

10

Therefore, the curvature κ can be written as

(11)

(11)

If there is a relationship of y = f (x) in the two-dimensional plane, the curvature κ is given by Equation 12 below.

(12)

(12)

On the other hand, mean curvature and Gaussian curvature can be defined in general at one point of the plane. When the principal curvature at one point is k1 and k2 (the curvature is The maximum curvature and the minimum curvature at the point. The average curvature H is given by equation (13).

(13)

(13)

Gaussian curvature K can be defined as Eq. (14).

(14)

(14)

Gaussian curvature and mean curvature are related in the form of quadratic equations as shown in Eq. (15).

(15)

(15)

Each maximum and minimum curvature is a solution of the polynomial above, as shown in equation (16).

(16)

(16)

In this case, the average curvature may mean an average curvature at one point, and the Gaussian curvature may represent a curved surface according to the value. Surface characteristics according to Gaussian curvature are shown in Table 1.

sign point K > 0 Oval dots K <0 Hyperbolic point

0 K = 0 but S

0 Parabolic point K = 0 and S = 0 Flat point S : shape factor; Negative derivative of the vertical unit vector

Table 1 Surface Properties for Gaussian Curvature

3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating changes in curved shape using Gaussian curvature.

4 is a perspective view showing a spherometer generally used for measuring the curvature of an object. As shown in FIG. 5, the spherical system has three legs forming an equilateral triangle, and has a micrometer ND moving perpendicularly to the ABC plane through the center of the equilateral triangle ABC. The scale L of the ruler is in mm and the dial M divides the circumference into 100 and rotates M once, so that the screw advances by 1mm. Therefore, the height h from the center point of plane ABC to the end of the axis of rotation can be obtained by reading the scale L and dial M.

이므로The radius of curvature R of the spherical surface to be calculated using this is obtained from the following equation. In Figure 5

Because of

(17)

(17)

At ΔAEH

이므로

Because of

(18)

(18)

Substituting equation (17) into equation (18)

(19)

(19)

That is, R can be obtained by measuring a and h. However, the method of measuring the radius of curvature using a spherical meter is pointed at the end of the leg, so there is no problem on the human body model, but it is difficult to use directly on the human body. In addition, the scale must be read at eye level, so a measurement error occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to find a method to accurately measure the radius of curvature without difficulty. Recently developed three-dimensional scanner has a very high precision due to the development of technology, it is possible to obtain an accurate three-dimensional image. Measuring the radius of curvature on the three-dimensional image by using this can solve most of the problems caused by the conventional radius of curvature measurement.

On the other hand, in relation to the existing formulas for predicting garment pressure, Kirk and Ibrahim (1966) can estimate the garment pressure by using the stress applied to the fabric and the radius of curvature of the fabric, considering that the deformation and the stress of the fabric are closely related. Suggested relations. Assuming that the human body is a convex ellipsoid, they proposed equation for clothing pressure (21) by dividing equation (20) acting on the surface of the sphere into biaxial directions in the horizontal and vertical directions.

(20)

20

(21)

(21)

Where p is the pressure (gf / cm ² ), sigma is the tensile stress (gf / cm ² ), r is the radius of curvature (cm), H is the horizontal direction, and V is the vertical direction.

The garment pressure was estimated by the sum of the stress in the horizontal direction and the radius of curvature in the region, the stress in the vertical direction and the radius of curvature in the region. In the above equation, the tensile stress in the vertical and horizontal directions can be obtained from the deformation of the fabric and the strain-stress curve that is inherent to each fabric.The radius of curvature of the measuring position is the general curvature. It can measure using the spherometer etc. which are used for a measurement. The above equations do not have much error in the development of the theory, but it is difficult to apply them to the actual garment pressure measurement, and the previously introduced methodology accurately measures the deformation and curvature of the fabric at each part of the human body having various types of curved surfaces. There have been many difficulties to do this. In addition, even if these parameters are measured accurately, the effect of shear stress on the clothes is excluded when the pressure is estimated using the vertical and horizontal tension and the vertical and horizontal curvature radius as shown in Equation (21). Since the pressure is obtained in the state, it is different from the actual garment pressure. The inaccurate definition of each parameter required for pressure prediction, along with errors in the measurement process of the existing study, has been described in the previous study (Hasegawa & Ishikawa, 1986). This is why the predicted value has been different from the actual value.

In the present invention, the garment pressure prediction formula (22) is proposed to improve the equation (21) proposed by Kirk and Ibrahim (1966).

(22)

(22)

Here, Pmax is the maximum circumferential direction, Pmin is the minimum circumferential direction.

Comparing Eq. (22) and Eq. (21), the principal stress was used instead of the vertical and horizontal stresses, and the radius of curvature was also used in the maximum and minimum principal directions. The main direction refers to the direction in which the maximum and minimum vertical stresses occur when an object is subjected to a force and the force and deformation are in equilibrium. The maximum and minimum vertical stresses are called main stresses. In the circumferential direction, the shear stress value is zero. The prediction of pressure using the radius of curvature in the direction of the main stress and the main stress is not only different from the prediction of the stress and curvature radius in the vertical and horizontal directions, but also in the process of obtaining each factor of the relationship. Since the vertical and horizontal stresses measure the deformation of the fabric along the reference grid, the measurement is simple, but since the magnitude of the shear stress is not taken into account in the formulation of the prediction equation, a theoretical error is made. In addition, if the radius of curvature in the vertical and horizontal directions is used, an incorrect prediction value is obtained.

In the present invention, equation (22) for estimating the garment pressure using the main stress and the radius of curvature in the circumferential direction was used for the garment pressure prediction. In general, when measuring the deformation of cloth using a vertical grid, the measurement of the vertical and horizontal stresses and then the radius of curvature is relatively simple. However, obtaining the main stress through this is a very difficult task since it is not a transitional isotropic material. Therefore, in the present invention, the principal stress and the main direction were measured using a circular grid. The vertical and horizontal coordinates were placed in the circular grid so that the stresses and curvatures in the vertical and horizontal directions could be obtained and compared.

The curvature radius used from the apparel point of view sometimes contains the meaning of the average radius of curvature (Lee Hyun-young and Hong Kyung-hee, 2004). In other words, it is not the Gaussian curvature radius or the average curvature radius at one point, but the measurement of the curvature so that the distance between three points is within 10 ^{0-10 1} cm (2 to 10 cm). It is advantageous to provide surface information necessary for designing clothes while removing noise caused by irregularities. Therefore, in the present invention, the macroscopic average radius of curvature was measured and used in a 3D image.

6 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the tensile force acting on the fabric of the sphere surface and the pressure acting on the fabric of the surface inside the sphere when a part of the sphere is the region of interest. When comparing the relationship between the pressure in the hemisphere and the force of the fabric of the surface using the hemisphere in FIG. 1, it can be seen that the shape is more similar to the curved surface appearing in the human body when selecting a smaller area as shown in FIG. 6. Referring to FIG. 6, it can be seen that a clothes pressure prediction equation such as Equation (6) can be obtained regardless of θ. Therefore, even if the region of interest is changed, it is possible to predict the garment pressure by using the tensile force acting on the fabric and then the radius of curvature using the same methodology.

The present invention will be divided into two stages. First, the first step is to consider the pressure value according to the type and size of the stamp lattice for the deformation measurement. The indirect estimation formula proposed by Kirk and Ibrahim (1966) does not define the basic length when tensioning the fabric and calculating the radius of curvature, which causes various confusions in practical application. The three-dimensional data of the subject were obtained and developed in two dimensions to obtain a circular pattern. Ziegert's (1988) method was used to reduce the circular pattern to obtain a close contact pattern. After cutting the pattern, a circular grid serving as a guideline was generated on five sites starting at 1 cm (thickness 2 mm) up to 5 cm at 1 cm intervals. The garments were made of fabric with a circular grid stamped on them, and the garments were worn on a plaster model (posture during exercise). After obtaining the 3D image at this time, the long axis, short axis, angle, tensile length and radius of curvature were measured from the change of the circular grid. Meanwhile, in order to apply the tensile force corresponding to the tensile length, a tensile test was performed along the direction. The magnitude of the tensile force applied to the fabric of the measuring point was compared with the test result considering the characteristic along the direction, and the garment pressure was predicted by the corresponding radius of curvature. The size of the circle, which is a guideline suitable for pressure prediction, was determined by comparing the predicted garment pressure with the value directly measured by the pneumatic garment pressure sensor.

The second step is to verify the validity of the equation of garment pressure through indirect measurement. The change of the garment pressure predicted value according to each position of the human body and the garment pressure predicted value according to the characteristics of the garment, and the change of the garment pressure predicted value according to the garment characteristics are the effect of the change of the pattern (pattern reduction rate) and the garment pressure according to the sewing state. We confirmed the prediction through the change of. A suitable circular grid determined in the first step was imprinted on the fabric and the validity of the predicted garment pressure was verified. In addition, the fabric B was used to reduce the size of B1 (wale 29%, course 9%), and the experimental clothing was worn on the gypsum of the working posture, and the pressure distribution was estimated at the rear vibration area, hip area, and upper thigh area.

The test fabric used two kinds of stretch fabric mixed with polyurethane. The fabric was selected as a material that is widely used by the company, and the characteristics of each fabric are shown in Table 2.

Fabric code Fiber content (%) Thickness (mm) Weight (g / m ² ) cloth Shout (%) A Polyester: 80.5 Polyurethane: 19.5 0.63 208.4 Interlock jersey 17.8 B Nylon: 92.2 Polyurethane: 7.8 0.39 157.4 Interlock jersey 46.3

Table 2 Physical Properties of Fabrics for Experimental Apparel

To make a tight garment with garment pressure, the pattern must be reduced in a circular pattern. In the present invention, a body suit-type garment was used as an experiment suit, and a circular pattern thereof was obtained by developing three-dimensional data in two dimensions. The reason why the body suit-type garment was selected as the experiment suit is that it becomes difficult to fix the garment due to the phenomenon of slipping when the garment is worn when the pattern reduction amount is increased.

The extraction process of the circular pattern is as follows. First, a three-dimensional image of a subject was acquired using a three-dimensional scanner (Whole body color 3D scanner Model WB4, Cyberware, Inc., USA) and developed into a two-dimensional plane by a developed program. The program obtains a triangular mesh through a process of triangular simplification that reduces the size of the data with little deformation of the geometry of the three-dimensional raw data (Garland, 1999) and rotates them. The pattern was transferred to the two-dimensional plane by the and movement. Triangulation is a method of manipulating the size of a triangular mesh differently according to curvature information in order to maintain shape while reducing data size. Finally, a circular pattern was extracted by recombining the triangular meshes moved to the two-dimensional plane (Jung Yeon-Hee et al., 2004). At this time, the combination of meshes was performed using Yuka CAD. The human body of the subject obtained a pattern by developing only one half of the three-dimensional images acquired on the assumption that the left and right were symmetrical in a two-dimensional plane.

As shown in FIG. 7, the pattern was divided into 10 pieces at the front and the back and 3 pieces at the sleeve to develop a triangular mesh. The dividing area is divided into the tasks necessary to move triangular meshes in three-dimensional space into the two-dimensional plane, so when the meshes do not overlap each other, they can be developed automatically by the program. The meshes were set not to overlap. Each of the divided regions was able to obtain a triangular mesh development pattern by the method described above.

Meshes that are all separated on a two-dimensional plane can be combined into a circular pattern. The primary combination was performed by a program written using visual C ⁺⁺ . After selecting the triangular meshes that you want to connect in the program, you can combine them by connecting vertices and vertices using the link in the menu bar command. In order to complete the pattern, the outlines are arranged so that the amount of overlapping or spreading points is the same as the vertices and vertices are connected.

8 and 9 illustrate a process of completing a pattern by combining meshes moved in a two-dimensional plane. FIG. 8 shows the front 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 areas of FIG. 9 and FIG. 9 shows the sleeve area of FIG. First, triangular meshes of the divided regions were connected and combined again to obtain a pattern. At this time, the amount of reduction or increase during the combination was calculated and processed at the outside, and the non-smooth outline was made smooth using the S-pline curve.

The final pattern was obtained by properly combining the divided regions according to the desired design. This is an advantage of the three-dimensional pattern development method can form a desired line and darts, etc. when combining the triangular mesh deployed in the two-dimensional plane. In the present invention, the regions divided for two-dimensional development as shown in FIG. 10 are combined into A, B, C, D, E, F, and G H to finally obtain a circular pattern as shown in FIG.

In order to make a tight-fitting garment from a circular pattern, the pattern must be reduced. In general, the pattern is reduced by reducing the margin of the pattern at a constant rate (Kim, Eun-Ju, 1986; Ziegert & Keil, 1988) or by modifying the position of the grading point (Armstrong, 2000). In the present invention, the pattern reduction ratio was determined by the method proposed by Ziegert (1988) among several methods, and the experimental method was ASTM D2594. For the garment pattern, in addition to the weight of 500g, 1000g of weight was used to determine the appropriate shrinkage rate in consideration of the elongation characteristics of the material. This is because the elongation of the fabric at different loads was required to cover the various areas of clothing pressure in the clothing wearing experiment.

Using the weight of 500g and 1000g weight was measured by the equation (23) how much each fabric is stretched according to the type of weight and the results are shown in Table 3. From these values, the shrinkage in the longitudinal direction and the width direction was calculated by equations (24) and (25) (Ziegert & Keil, 1988).

(23)

(23)

Where A is the distance between two solid lines before expansion and C is the distance between two solid lines after loading.

Fabric A Fabric B weight Wale Course Wale Course 500 g

20.0 cm 20.0 cm 20.0 cm 20.0 cm

22.5 cm 24.6 cm 31.5 cm 27.0 cm % fabric stretch 12.5% 23.0% 57.5% 35.0% 1000 g

20.0 cm 20.0 cm 20.0 cm 20.0 cm

26.8 cm 29.2 cm 36.5 cm 32.0 cm % fabric stretch 34.0% 46.0% 82.5% 60.0%

Table 3% Stretch of Experimental Fabrics

(24)

(24)

Where X is the distance from the neck to the hips (66.8 cm), S is (% stretch fabric) / 100, and Z is the reduction of the overall pattern length.

(25)

(25)

Where Y is the distance from CF to CB (46.5 cm), S is (% fabric stretch) / 100, and T is the half body with reduced length.

The shrinkage amount in the longitudinal direction and the width direction is shown in Table 4. Based on this, the reduction pattern in the circular pattern was produced by the step-by-step pattern as shown in Table 5.

Fabric a Fabric b Reference weight

Length reduction

Decrease in width

Length reduction

Decrease in width

500 g 8.3 cm 5.4 cm 38.4 cm 8.1 cm 1000 g 22.7 cm 10.7 cm 55.1 cm 14.0 cm

Table 4 Basic Reductions of Test Fabrics Based on Equations (24) and (25)

Fabric a Fabric b Reference weight used in the reduction step Wale (decrease rate) Course (decrease rate) Wale (decrease rate) Course (decrease rate) 1/2 of the total amount at 500 g 4.2 cm (6%): A1 2.7 cm (6%): A1 19.2 cm (29%): B1 4.1 cm (9%): B1 3/5 of the total amount at 500 g 23.0cm (34%): B2 4.9 cm (11%): B2 1/2 of the total amount at 1000 g 11.4 cm (17%): A2 5.4 cm (12%): A2 27.6 cm (41%): B3 7.0 cm (15%): B3 3/5 of the total amount at 1000 g 13.6 cm (20%): A3 6.4 cm (14%): A3 2/3 of the total amount at 1000 g 15.2 cm (23%): A4 7.2 cm (16%): A4

Table 5 Various reduction rates of test fabric

That is, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the reduction ratio was performed by fabric A in four stages and fabric B in three stages. As shown in Table 5, the first stage of shrinking fabric A is A1, the second stage is A2, the third stage is A3, the fourth stage is A4, the first stage of shrinking fabric B is B1, the second stage is B2, and the third stage is B3. It was named. The change in the pattern reduction rate was made to verify that there is no problem in predicting the garment pressure that changes according to the pattern reduction by an indirect measurement method. However, if the amount of shrinkage of the fabric is too large, it is difficult to wear it to the working plaster when fabricated as a garment, so the step was set in consideration of this. The reduction pattern according to the reduction ratio was obtained by evenly distributing each reduction amount determined according to the steps in a circular pattern in a split grading manner instead of point grading (Ziegert & Keil, 1988). In the case of a long circle, as shown in FIG. 14, the total amount Z in the longitudinal direction to be reduced was divided into six equal parts in the circular pattern, and the total amount T in the width direction was divided into three parts to distribute the reduction ratio. The sleeves were graded so that there were no eases in line with the graded oscillating length of the circle.

When the garment is made with each shrink pattern and worn on the plaster, the garment pressure is different depending on where the pressure is measured. That is, the garment pressure may vary depending on the geometric shape of the pressure measurement site. In addition, the sewing site is added to the factor of sewing, the clothing pressure is different. Therefore, to verify the apparel pressure prediction at the location where the pressure is to be measured and the sewing area, The pressure measurement position was determined as shown in FIG. When the clothing is worn on the moving plaster, the elongation occurs much more in the back than in the front. The pressure prediction at the sewing site was performed by applying seam seam to the garment when the garment was made and worn on the human body, and the garment pressure was measured. And in the present invention, the experiment was put on the plaster model, not the human body, so the open zipper was attached to the side area so that it is easy to wear off.

In the present invention, the air pressure manometer, which is a direct pressure measuring sensor, was used as a criterion for verifying the pressure value predicted by the indirect measurement method, and a three-dimensional scanner was used because the parameters required for the indirect measurement had to be analyzed in three dimensions. In addition, the air pressure garment pressure sensor AMI 3037-2 (AMI Techno, Co, Ltd., Korea) is used to measure the pressure directly, and the garment pressure measurement sensor uses a gas cylinder to feed air into a non-woven air pack. Injection was used.

A clear definition of each term is needed to find the garment pressure from the strain of the garment using equation (22). First, a method of fabricating a stamp lattice to define the strain of the garment will be described, and the method of measuring the tensile angle, the elongation, the radius of curvature, and the procedure of the pressure prediction calculation method will be described. To determine the size of the circle suitable for pressure prediction, a circular grid of five stage sizes starting from 1 cm to 5 cm was used. At this time, the thickness of the circular grid was 2mm. The experiment garment was made of fabric A, and the pattern used step A1. After cutting, five circular grids were photographed at a desired position for pressure measurement, and an experimental garment was manufactured. The pressure was predicted according to the size of the circular grating and compared with the value measured by the direct pressure sensor.

Tensile force of the fabric was measured by the grab method of the test method of KS K 0815 knitted fabric using a tensile tester (R & B Model Unitech, Korea). Fabrics were prepared under the same conditions as in FIG. 15 to measure the tensile force.

The tensile test was conducted according to the method of KS K 0815, but in the present invention, since the knitted fabric is separated from the jaw before the fabric is destroyed due to the characteristics of the fabric, the length of the fabric is increased in consideration of the amount of elongation when wearing the experimental clothing. The experiment was stopped when was 10 cm. And after finding the direction of the main stress in the deformed circular grid was tested as shown in Figure 16 to apply the strain-tension relationship of the fabric in this direction. As with the conventional method, the tensile properties were measured up to the course direction by rotating the fabric at intervals of 10 ° starting from the direction of the wale rather than measuring in the direction of the warp and the weft.

In addition, the tensile characteristic at the time of sewing was also measured by the same method. As shown in FIG. 17, the center of the garment was sewn to have a size of 1 cm equal to the amount of seam allowance. When sewing, not only in the direction of the fabric's wale and the course of the fabric, but also in the direction of the yarn, starting in the direction of the warp and rotating the fabric at intervals of 10 ° and sewing to the course direction, the tension for each case The properties were measured.

Three-dimensional scanning used two types of equipment, opto-top HE color Breuckmann using a halogen lamp as a light source and moiré interference fringes, and Vivid 910 using a laser scan method. Both devices have excellent spatial resolution, but in the case of Vivid 910, the farther away from the focus, the image is distorted, so only the measured values in the region where no distortion occurs are used for analysis. As a result of attaching a reference point to each part of the plaster model, taking pictures from various directions, and merging based on the reference point, it was confirmed that the information of the 3D plaster model was accurately reproduced.

The radius of curvature used in the garment pressure prediction equation was measured in three dimensions. In order to find the main stress direction and insert the radius of curvature at the position into the equation, the main stress direction, ie, long axis and short axis, was found through the process as shown in FIG. 18. First, the vertical points (v1, v2), the horizontal points (h1, h2), and the center point (m), which are the reference axes of the circular grid, were found and curves were generated along the ends of the deformed circle. A vertical line (v1-m-v2; V) passing through the vertical point and the origin, a horizontal line (h1-m-h2; H) passing through the horizontal point and the origin, and divided by a equal interval of 1 mm between a, b, c, and d After the curve was drawn. Finally, by checking the lengths of the curves, we find the longest axis and the shortest one.

That is, the reference axis, the long axis, the short axis, and the deformation angle θ are found as shown in FIG. 19.

Finally, the radius of curvature could be obtained using software RapidForm 2004 (INUS Inc., Korea) as shown in FIG.

The radius of curvature and the tensile force were measured by the method described above in order to substitute the pressure prediction equation (22).

(22)

(22)

That is, the vertical and horizontal axes, the major axis and the minor axis of the deformed three-dimensional circular grid were found, and the corresponding radius of curvature was measured. For example, the radius of curvature of the vertical axis may be obtained by connecting points passing through vertical 1, center, and vertical 2 as shown in FIG. This value was substituted into the denominator of the pressure prediction equation.

Tensile force values corresponding to the increased lengths were also first measured in three dimensions in terms of the elongation from the original circular lattice length and the change in the angle between the major axis and the minor axis. For example, when the angle of θ1 and the length of the curve passing through horizontal 1, center, and horizontal 2 are measured in FIG. 22, the tensile force can be obtained from the elongation curve by using these values. As shown in FIG. 23, the stretching curve corresponding to θ1 was fitted in a suitable manner, and the tensile force was obtained by putting the measured strain value (extended length / original length) into the stretching curve. This value was substituted into the denominator of the pressure prediction equation to finally predict the pressure.

First, the elongation curve according to the angle of the fabric A measured by rotating the fabric at 10 ° intervals is shown in FIG. 24. As shown in the figure, the graph is expressed as a force on the elongated length of the fabric. It can be seen that as the angle increases in the wale direction, the force required to stretch the fabric increases. Also, over 60 °, the change of inclination according to angle showed a tendency to slow down.

In order to determine the change in the predicted pressure value according to the type and size of the stamp lattice, experiments were performed at 5 sites as shown in FIG. The clothing used at this time was the first step (A1) of pattern reduction with fabric A and was worn on plaster during operation.

When the clothing is worn on the human body, the shape of the lattice is modified according to the geometric shape of the human body. Therefore, by properly selecting the model of the grating, the elongated length from the deformed grating shape can be found and the corresponding stress can be calculated. However, in the case of the rectangular lattice, the direction of the force including the shear property cannot be found unless it is a simple tension. In this case, only the deformation state of the vertical and horizontal axes, which were the reference axis, can be considered, which may cause an error in the predicted pressure. In the case of circular lattice, on the other hand, the principal stress direction, which is the direction in which an object is deformed under force and the maximum and minimum vertical stresses appear when the force and deformation are in equilibrium, is found with the longest axis and the shortest axis Can be. In the circumferential direction, since the value of the shear stress becomes 0, it can be said that the prediction equation of the present invention without considering the shear stress is unreasonable.

FIG. 26 shows the garment pressure and the actual garment pressure predicted using the horizontal and vertical axes at five measurement points using different sizes of the reference grid. In both cases, the size of 2 cm is suitable for pressure prediction. Comparing the two degrees, the predicted garment pressure with the long axis and short axis of the circular grid shows a result that is similar to the actual measured pressure value than the garment pressure predicted with the vertical axis and the horizontal axis. The results indicate that it is more appropriate to predict the pressure by finding the principal stress direction (long and short) in which the effect of furnace shear stress is considered.

The predicted garment pressure when the grid size is 2cm is close to the garment pressure measured directly can be explained in relation to the shape of the curved surface of the human body. For example, look at the distribution of curvature of hips and vibrations. When measured along the position of the curved surface, the length was approximately less than 3 cm. As described above, since the human body changes the concave and convex within 2 cm, it can explain that the reference grid size of pressure prediction is 2 cm.

Hereinafter, the pressure predicted value by the indirect measuring method takes into account various body characteristics and clothes characteristics, that is, the garment pressure varies according to the shape of the curved surface, the deformation of the human body according to the motion, the type of the fabric, the pattern shrinkage rate, and the sewing factor. We will examine the results of verifying the valid clothing pressure using the proposed equation. FIG. 27 is a diagram comparing four measured garments fabricated in four stages of shrinkage using fabric A on gypsum in an upright posture and comparing measured pressure values and predicted pressure values at the vibration / back and hip areas. Also, among the four garments, the garments of the reduction stage (A1) and the reduction stage (A2), which can be worn on the moving posture, are worn on the moving posture, and the result of predicting the garment pressure on the vibration / back and hips Shown together. As shown in Fig. 4, all four garments worn on the gypsum of the posture showed high predictive power in the vibration / back region. The two garments worn on the gypsum in a moving posture also predict pressure well in the back / back and hip areas. This is considered to be because it uses the tensile force value corresponding to the extended length considering the angle and predicts it using the radius of curvature measured in the three-dimensional shape. However, four garments were put on the plaster of the upright position, and the garment pressures predicted at the hip area were higher than the actual measured pressures.

FIG. 28 is a graph showing the garment pressure (hip, fabric A) predicted at the hip region by wearing experimental clothing on gypsum in a standing position. FIG. As shown in the graph, the predicted garment pressure is higher than the actually measured garment pressure, which is presumably due to the phenomenon that the garment floats as shown in the pore volume distribution chart. The actual pore volume at the pressure prediction site was about 2 mm, which was slightly excited as shown in the graph. The basic assumption of the clothes pressure prediction formula is to infer using the amount of fabric and the strength of the fabric as it adheres to the human body, and it is difficult to predict the pressure when the clothing is lifted up without being in close contact with the human body. Is the result. Therefore, the prediction equation of the present invention can predict only the clothing pressure caused by close contact with the human body.

FIG. 29 is a view showing a state in which the circular grids are changed in the vibration / dorsal region when the garments manufactured in the first-stage pattern using the fabric B are respectively worn on the working plaster. It was found that the vertical / horizontal axis, which was the standard in the circular grid, differed from the main direction by vibrating arm extension, and the direction of maximum and minimum stresses was observed. On the other hand, the hips and thighs are similar in shape to spheres and cylinders, so the vertical and horizontal axes used in the circular grid are the main directions. In this way, the deformation of the circular lattice when the garment was worn was found to be able to analyze the stress as well as the morphological surface.

의 방법으로 측정하였다. 이처럼 원형 격자의 변화가 심하게 되면 90°이던 수직과 수평 사이각이 한쪽은 90°보다 작아지고(α), 반대쪽은 90°보다 커지는(β) 형상이 생기는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 원형 격자의 변형이 의복이 착용된 형상 특성과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 알려주는 것이었다.The major axis and the minor axis in the main direction can be expressed as the ratio of the length. The most difference between the major axis and the minor axis ratio was the vibration / back region 5, which was most deformed by motion as mentioned above. Hips showed mostly smaller ratios of long axis and short axis than those of vibration / back region or upper / lateral thigh. This is because the hips were more convex than other parts. Therefore, the ratio between the long axis and the short axis was found to be somewhat related to the shape of the human body. In particular, the vibration / back region 5, where the ratio between the long axis and the short axis is the largest, causes a large deformation of the circular lattice. In this case, after finding the major axis in the main direction, it was found that the deformation occurred severely when measuring the value of θ necessary for the stress calculation. So in this case

It was measured by the method. As the circular grid became severely changed, the vertical and horizontal angles, which were 90 °, became smaller than 90 ° on one side (α) and larger than 90 ° on the opposite side (β). This result indicates that the deformation of the circular grid is closely related to the shape characteristics of the clothing worn.

Finally, we examined the difference between the measured pressure and the measured pressure on the gypsum in the moving posture and the measured pressure on the actual human body. The experiment used at this time was a pattern produced in the first step of the garment using the fabric B. Clothing pressure on the human body was taken to the subject to the operation posture as shown in FIG. 30 and the air pressure type clothing pressure sensor was inserted between the human body and the garment at the same site to measure the pressure value. In all three parts, the pressure measured by the human body was smaller than the pressure measured by gypsum. These results can be said to be a result of the viscoelastic properties of the human body. Therefore, it can be seen that it is impossible to directly apply the prediction formula proposed in the present invention to a human body having viscoelastic properties. In addition, since the degree of viscoelasticity differs depending on the parts of the human body, the difference between the clothes pressure measured in the human body and the clothes pressure measured in the gypsum was small in the area of the bone, and the difference in the subcutaneous fat was much higher. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the degree of viscoelasticity and the pressure value in more detail.

As described above, the garment pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the garment deformation according to the present invention according to the present invention can more easily and easily predict the garment pressure difficult to obtain by direct measurement method using the three-dimensional measurement technology In addition, it has the advantage of increasing the reliability of the garment pressure prediction in consideration of the change of the garment according to the shape and movement of the three-dimensional curved surface of the human body, the type of fabric, sewing, tensile strength and the like.

Claims (12)

Stamping a lattice on the garment fabric with coordinates orthogonal to the concentric circles; Obtaining a load according to the tensile angle and the elongation of the fabric; Fabricating the garment with the fabric, and scanning the deformed shape after being coated on plaster or the human body; In the three-dimensional shape of the human body including the garment and the garment pressure prediction method in consideration of, Calculating the radius of curvature and the elongation in the circumferential direction and the circumferential direction stretched from the scanned image, calculating the tensile stress of the fabric from the calculated elongation length, and substituting it into the garment pressure prediction equation Apparel pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment. The method of claim 1, The garment pressure is predicted by considering that the stress and curvature radius in the horizontal and vertical directions of the coating taken on the original fabric before wearing the garment are changed according to the deformation of the body. Apparel pressure prediction method considering deformation. The method of claim 2, The stress and the radius of curvature are estimated in the maximum circumferential direction and the minimum circumferential direction according to the following three-dimensional shape of the human body and the garment pressure prediction method considering the deformation of the garment.

Where Pmax And Pmin Are the maximum and minimum circumferential directions, P is the pressure, σ is the tensile stress, and r is the radius of curvature. The method of claim 2 or 3, The deformation amount is approximated using a circular grid, the garment pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the garment deformation. The method of claim 4, wherein The circular grating has a diameter of about 1 to 5 cm, the three-dimensional shape of the human body and garment pressure prediction method considering the deformation of the garment. The method of claim 2 or 3, The circumferential direction is selected by using the deformation of the circular lattice, the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the garment pressure prediction method considering the deformation of the garment. The method of claim 6, The circumferential direction of the garment pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment, characterized in that the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the diameter passing through the center point in the deformed circular grid, respectively. The method of claim 7, wherein The stress is a garment pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment characterized in that it is measured by using an elongation curve corresponding to the deformation angle θ of the long axis and short axis, respectively. The method of claim 8, The radius of curvature is a garment pressure in consideration of the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment, characterized in that measured by connecting two points on the closed curve or the circumferentially opposed to each other based on the center point and the center point in the deformed circular grid Prediction Method. The method of claim 9, The curvature radius is a macroscopic mean curvature radius measured in three dimensions, the three-dimensional shape of the human body and garment pressure prediction method considering the deformation of the garment. The method of claim 10, The two points facing the center point is measured along the circumferential direction of the deformed circular lattice, the three-dimensional shape of the human body and garment pressure prediction method considering the deformation of the garment. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The deformation amount is a garment pressure prediction method considering the three-dimensional shape of the human body and the deformation of the garment, characterized in that using the elongation curve according to the change in the direction of the force applied to the fabric.

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