KR100737055B1 - Tripod constant velocity joint with low cyclic axial force - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tripod constant velocity joint for reducing friction, and the inner side of the inner roller is inclined at an arbitrary angle in a direction not to be loaded with respect to the vertical center line of the trunnion, and has a truncated trunnion shape. By means of point contact at each point on the upper and lower ends of the inclined cylindrical shape, the joint is prevented from being separated from the inner surface of the inner roller at the assembled state at any joint angle. An elliptical cross-sectional shape inscribed to the inner surface is inscribed to each other so that a cylindrical shape inclined at an angle at a vertical center line of the trunnion is positioned on a horizontal center line of the trunnion in a direction in which no load is applied, and the trunnion and the Constrain the relative movement of the inner roller in the circumferential direction, It characterized by a structure which can reduce the rotational friction resistance of the trunnion by separating the entire movement and the axial movement.

Tripod constant velocity joint

Description

Tripod constant velocity joint with low cyclic axial force

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a tripod constant velocity joint according to a first prior art;

2 is an operating state diagram showing a state in which the tripod constant velocity joint according to the first prior art operates at an arbitrary joint angle;

Figure 3 is a state diagram showing the inclination of the roller assembly in the tripod constant velocity joint according to the first prior art,

4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a tripod constant velocity joint according to a second prior art;

Figure 5 is a state diagram showing the inclination of the roller assembly in the tripod constant velocity joint according to the second prior art,

6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a tripod constant velocity joint according to a third conventional technology, and a state diagram showing the inclination of the roller assembly in the tripod constant velocity joint;

7 is an explanatory diagram showing a trend of axial force with respect to a joint angle of the prior art;

8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view showing a tripod constant velocity joint according to the present invention;

9 is an operational state diagram showing a state of operating at any joint angle in the tripod constant velocity joint according to the present invention,

10 is a state diagram showing the tripod constant velocity joint showing the spider's careful movement at any joint angle and a free body diagram in which the load acts on the roller assembly and trunnion when torque is applied at any joint angle. State diagram shown,

11 is a state diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention;

12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 are state diagrams illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a state diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention;

19 is a state diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

20 is a state diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

21 is a state diagram showing the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

22 is a state diagram showing the seventh embodiment of the present invention;

23 is a state diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention;

24 is a state diagram showing the ninth embodiment of the present invention;

25 is a state diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 26 is a state diagram showing the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: Tripod constant velocity joint 2: Track groove

3: tripod housing 4: trunnion

5: spider 6: needle roller

7: Inner roller 8: Outer roller

9: Retainer ring X-X: Cross section horizontal center line of track groove

Y-Y: Cross section vertical centerline of track groove or trunnion

Z-Z: Longitudinal centerline of track groove

The present invention relates to a tripod constant velocity joint installed in a drive shaft of a vehicle.

In general, the constant velocity joint is installed on a drive axle connected to a longitudinal deceleration device in a front wheel or rear wheel drive vehicle, and is used to transmit power to a wheel of a vehicle, and is characterized by transmitting power at constant speed during power transmission.

On the other hand, the tripod constant velocity joint has a structure in which friction resistance is generated at the joint in accordance with the phase angle when the joint is rotated at an arbitrary joint angle and torque, and this friction resistance increases in proportion to the increase in the joint angle. Tend to.

When the frequency of the frictional resistance generated in the joint coincides with the lateral frequency of the vehicle, the lateral vibration of the vehicle may be caused, and in certain vehicles, there may be a problem of steering wheel vibration and the like.

Recently, there have been many inventions for reducing such frictional resistance, but still have technical problems.

FIG. 1 shows a first conventional tripod constant velocity joint in which a tripod housing 21 having three track grooves 28 having guide surfaces of any curved shape at equal intervals in the axial direction is formed. And a spider 25 having three spherical trunnions 29 protruding from the track groove 28 of the tripod housing 21, and an inner roller around the outer circumference of each trunnion 29. 24, a needle roller 23 and an outer roller 22 are provided, respectively, and retainer rings 26 and 27 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer roller 22, and the needle roller 23 and The inner roller 24 is a tripod constant velocity joint 20 assembled so as not to be separated in the vertical direction.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, if the tripod constant velocity joint 20 is rotated by giving an arbitrary joint angle αo to the tripod constant velocity joint 20, rolling motion is performed along the track groove longitudinal center line ZZ. The center of the trunnion 29 moves from O to Od, and the center repeats the movement from Od to O or O to Od depending on the phase.

According to the center movement of the trunnion 29, the trunnion 29 repeats the axial movement δ in the vertical direction. The axial movement distance δ of the trunnion on the inner surface of the inner roller 24 is increased in proportion to the increase in the joint angle.

On the other hand, if a certain torque (T) is applied to the joint (1) in any joint angle state, the working load or load (F) is shown in Figure 3, the trunnion 29 and the inner roller (24) ) Acts on the track groove at a distance apart from the cross section center line XX of the track groove by an arbitrary distance (δ) in contact with the track groove, and the reaction force to the load F is the cross section center line of the track groove (XX). It will act opposite to the load direction in the phase.

In this case, since the load acting point S and the acting point Q of the reaction force are separated by an arbitrary distance δ, the moment (M =) based on the reaction force point Q on the center line of the cross section of the track groove. Fxδ) and the moment tilts the roller assemblies 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 counterclockwise, so that the end 22a of the lower end of the outer roller is placed on the lower end 30 of the track groove. There is a problem of generating unnecessary frictional resistance by contact.

On the other hand, in the tripod constant velocity joint 1 having the above structure, when the joint 21 is rotated in an arbitrary joint angle αo, the center Os of the spider 25 in the cross-sectional shape of the joint of FIG. Is a careful rotational movement around the axis center (OH) of the tripod housing 21 with an arbitrary rotation radius (ro), in this case the center of the cross section (O) of the track groove (Os) ) Does not match, causing the trunnion 29 to be inclined by an arbitrary bevel angle β.

When the trunnion 29 is inclined by the bevel angle β, the protrusion S of the trunnion 29 contacts the cylindrical shape of the inner roller 24 based on the center point O of the cross section of the track groove. Since the trunnion 29 is designed to repeat the axial movement δ in the vertical direction at the same time as the rotational movement, the protrusion S of the trunnion 29 is actually the inner roller 24. ), The rotational movement and the axial movement are performed at the same time, and when the rotational movement direction and the axial movement are opposite to each other, there is a problem that additionally generates unnecessary frictional resistance.

The prior art of FIG. 1 generally shows a tendency for the axial force to increase with respect to the increase in the joint angle as shown by line C in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a second conventional technology that improves the prior art of FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, the center line X1-X1 of the trunnion 29 has an arbitrary distance Δ in the upper direction than the cross-sectional center line XX of the track groove. As long as you have moved.

In the case of the above prior art, if any torque T is applied to the joint 21 at any joint angle state, the reaction force point Q on the cross-sectional center line of the track groove is referred to as shown in FIG. Moment (M = Fxδ), the moment tilts the roller assembly (22, 23, 24, 26, 27) clockwise, so that the end (22b) of the upper end of the outer roller 22 is Contact with the guide portion 21a of the track groove generates unnecessary frictional resistance.

In addition, there is a problem of generating a relative sliding resistance of the trunnion protrusion S to the inner surface of the inner roller 24 as described in FIG. 3.

However, as the centerline X1-X1 of the trunnion 29 approaches the centerline XX of the track groove, the moment M = Fxδ becomes smaller, so that the roller assemblies 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 are not. There is also an advantage of suppressing the inclination clockwise.

However, in a region where the joint angle is low, that is, when the axial movement of the trunnion 29 is small, the clockwise direction of the roller assemblies 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 is inclined so that the joint angle is small. There is a problem in that the axial force value is larger than the axial force value when the joint angle is large.

Line B of FIG. 7 shows the trend of axial force with respect to the general joint angle of FIG. 4, the second prior art reflecting the above.

FIG. 6 shows a third conventional tripod constant velocity joint in which a tripod housing 21 having three track grooves 28 having guide surfaces of any curved shape at equal intervals in the axial direction is formed. And a spider 25 having three trunnions 29 protruding from the track groove 28 of the tripod housing 21, and having an inner roller 24 at an outer circumference of each trunnion 29. ) And needle roller 23 and outer roller 22 are provided, respectively, the outer roller 22 is in angular contact at two points (p, q) of the track groove (28).

Retainer rings 26 and 27 and a space 33 are provided at upper and lower ends of the inner roller 24, respectively, to support the needle roller 23 and the inner roller 24 at the lower end thereof, and to the upper direction. Is a tripod constant velocity joint 20 assembled to prevent separation.

In the above prior art, when any torque T acts on the joint 21, a condition in which the working load or the load F is in parallel with the reaction forces R1 and R2 at two contacts p and q. In the low and high joint angle regions except for the above, unnecessary axial force is generated as much as the difference in the vertical components of the reaction forces R1 and R2 at the contacts p and q (R1sin (α1) -R2sin (α2)). Rather, when the joint angle is increased so that the contact point S of the trunnion 4 is positioned axially below the contact point q of the track groove lower end, the joint angle is inclined based on the reaction force point q of the track groove. Moment (M) acts, the moment inclined the roller assembly (22, 23, 24, 26, 27) counterclockwise, so that the end (22a) of the lower end of the outer roller 22 is the track groove There is a problem in contact with the lower end 31 of the to generate unnecessary frictional resistance.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the protrusion S of the trunnion 29 is configured to simultaneously perform a rotational motion and an axial motion with respect to the inner surface of the inner roller 24. If the axial movement is opposite to each other there is also a problem that acts as a sliding resistance.

Line A of FIG. 7 shows the general tendency of axial force for the joint angle of the prior art FIG. 6 reflecting the above.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problem of the tripod constant velocity joint according to the prior art, the friction is to prevent the roller assembly is inclined to one side by the axial movement of the trunnion to increase the frictional resistance The purpose is to provide a reduced tripod constant velocity joint.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylindrical shape based on a center line inclined at an angle with respect to the vertical center line of the trunnion located in a direction where no load is applied to the inside of the inner roller. By allowing the trunnion having a shape to be in point contact with each other at any point on the upper and lower ends of the inclined cylinder shape, it is possible to prevent deviation from the inner surface of the inner roller in the assembled state at any joint angle, while being careful of the center of the spider. The movement is adapted to be absorbed by the trunnion rotating about the center of the trunnion, and instead the axial movement of the trunnion is effected at the outer surface of the inner roller and at the contact with the needle and the axial movement Is limited by the protrusions provided on the upper end of the outer surface of the inner roller. The.

In addition, a planar shape having an arbitrary length is given from the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove to the bottom surface of the track groove assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller having the outer surface shape and the outer surface shape of the outer roller. The given plane length is equal to or greater than the length of the upper end of the inner roller in contact with the needle roller based on the horizontal center line of the track groove in the state where the joint angle is 0, or less than the length of the lower end. Even when the maximum joint angle is given to the joint, the center of the trunnion moved downward from the horizontal center line of the track groove in the state where the joint angle is 0 is the outer peripheral shape of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove. The shape is positioned in the plane shape given in the lower direction from the horizontal center line.

In addition, by providing an elliptical cross-sectional shape inscribed to the inner surface of the trunnion and the inner roller, the cylindrical shape is inclined at an arbitrary angle with respect to the vertical center line of the trunnion, the horizontal of the trunnion in the direction that the load does not act It is located on the centerline and constrains the relative movement of the trunnion and the inner roller in the circumferential direction.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 8 shows a tripod constant velocity joint for friction reduction according to the present invention, wherein the tripod constant velocity joint 1 has three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equal intervals in the axial direction on the inner circumference thereof. The tripod housing (3) formed with (2) is provided, and the spider (5) with three trunnions (4) protruding is installed in the track groove (2) of the tripod housing (3). An inner roller 7, a needle roller 6, and an outer roller 8 are respectively installed at the outer circumference of the needle 4, and an upper end of the outer roller 8 is disposed so that the needle roller 6 is not separated. Projections 8a and 8b are provided at the lower and lower ends, and projections 7a are provided at the upper end of the outer side of the inner roller 7 to limit the axial movement of the lower end of the inner roller 7. .

That is, in the tripod constant velocity joint 1 having the above structure, the center line ZZ of the trunnion which is not loaded inside the inner roller 7 or the center line ZZ of the housing axial direction of the track groove 2 is not loaded. The cylinder shape is given with respect to the vertical line Y1-Y1 of the centerline inclined at an arbitrary angle θ with respect to the trunnion, and the trunnion at an arbitrary point C1, C2 at the upper and lower ends inside the inclined cylinder shape. 4) is prevented from being separated from the inner surface of the inner roller 7 in the assembled state at any joint angle.

In addition, the careful movement of the center of the spider 5 is absorbed by the trunnion 4 which rotates about the center O of the trunnion 4, and instead the axial movement of the trunnion 4. Is made at the outer surface of the inner roller 7 and the contact with the needle roller 6, the axial movement is limited by the projection (7a) provided on the upper end of the outer surface of the inner roller (7) In the prior art, it is characterized in that the structure can eliminate the sliding resistance caused by the reverse of the rotational direction and the axial movement direction of the trunnion.

In addition, on the curved surface of the outer roller 8 having an outer surface shape and the track groove 2 provided to be assembled to the spherical shape of the outer roller, the lower direction is directed from the horizontal center line XX (hereinafter referred to as the horizontal center line) of the track groove. The contact length L1 of the upper end of the inner roller 7 in contact with the needle roller 6 in the state where the joint angle is 0 is given by the planar shape ØD, L of arbitrary length. L3) is equal to or larger than the length of L1-L2, so that the plane length L given to the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved surface of the track groove 2 is equal to or greater than the length of the tripod constant velocity joint. Even when the maximum joint angle is given to (1), the center O of the trunnion 4 is located at the horizontal center line XX on the outer surface shape of the outer roller 8 and the curved shape of the track groove 2. Any axial movement of the trunnion by positioning it in the plane plane L given in the lower direction It is also a structure in which the roller assembly is to be prevented from being inclined in one direction to reduce the frictional resistance.

The center line ZZ or the track groove of the trunnion 4 located in a direction in which the load is not applied to the cylinder shape arbitrarily inclined at an angle θ with respect to the vertical line Y1-Y1 of the track groove center line XX. The cross section of the trunnion 4 and the inner roller 7 so as to be on the center line ZZ in the housing axial direction of the housing or to restrain the inner roller 7 from circumferentially rotating relative to the trunnion. The elliptical shape is given to the cross section of the inner cylinder of).

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9, the tripod constant velocity joint 1 having the above structure rotates the tripod constant velocity joint 1 at an arbitrary joint angle α o, and the trunnion 4. Is inclined at an angle αo with respect to the inner roller 7 in a state of moving in the lower direction by an arbitrary amount δ from the longitudinal center line ZZ of the track groove.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the center Os of the spider 5 rotates carefully around the axis center OH of the tripod housing 3 with an arbitrary rotation radius ro. In this case, the cross section center O of the track groove and the center Os of the spider 5 do not coincide, so that the trunnion 4 is inclined by an arbitrary bevel angle β.

In this case, the angle formed by the center O of the trunnion 4 and the spider center Os is a form in which an arbitrary joint angle α o and an arbitrary bevel angle β are synthesized. In Fig. 9, since the inner surface of the inner roller 7 does not coincide with the angle θ that is inclined with respect to the vertical line Y1-Y1 of the center line, the trunnion 4 is assembled in the state of essentially any joint angle. The case where the inner roller 7 is separated from the inner surface does not occur.

Under the above conditions, when a certain torque T acts on the joint 1, the load F is axially moved by a distance δ in the lower direction from the cross-sectional center line XX of the track groove as shown in FIG. At the position where the spherical shape of the trunnion (4) protrusion and the contact point (S) between the cylindrical shape of the inner roller (7) acts in the track groove (2) direction, but the outer surface of the outer roller (8) And the curved shape of the track groove 2 to be assembled to the outer roller 8 is supported by a planar shape L of any length given in the lower direction relative to the horizontal center line XX.

In addition, since the reaction force Po is uniformly distributed in the plane shape and is in parallel with the working load F, the roller assembly is not inclined even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4. It is possible to eliminate or reduce the frictional resistance caused by the tilting of the roller assembly in question.

Tripod constant velocity joint (1) for reducing friction according to the present invention may have a variety of embodiments, Figure 11 is based on the vertical line (YY) of the track groove axial center line (ZZ) as a first embodiment The trunnion is formed such that the cylinder shape, which is inclined at an angle θ, is located on the center line ZZ of the trunnion 4 located in the direction in which the load does not act, or on the center line ZZ of the housing axial direction of the track groove. The cross-sectional shape of 4) and the cross-sectional shape of the inner cylinder of the inner roller are the same elliptical shape.

More specifically, the cross-sectional diameters of the inner cylinder of the trunnion 4 and the inner roller 7 located on the center line ZZ of the trunnion 4 in which the load does not act on the elliptical shape are long diameter A. The cross-sectional diameters of the inner cylinder of the trunnion 4 and the inner roller 7 located on the center line XX of the trunnion 4 on which the load acts are set to the short diameter B, or the opposite cases are respectively applied. It is characterized by including a structure.

And enabling relative rotational movement of the center of the trunnion with respect to the inner surface of the inner roller 7 in relation to the careful movement of the spider, and at the same time in relation to the turning movement of the spider on the track groove. In order to restrain the relative axial movement of the trunnion with respect to the inner surface, it is preferable that the inclination angle θ of the cylinder given to the inner surface of the inner roller 7 is larger than 0.2 degrees and smaller than 3 degrees.

12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 are second embodiments, and FIG. 12 is provided to be assembled on the outer surface of the outer roller 8 having an outer surface shape and the spherical shape of the outer roller 8. L1 and L2 are given to planar shapes of arbitrary lengths in the upper and lower directions in the horizontal center line XX on the curved shape of the track groove 2, so that L2 is larger than L1.

FIG. 13 gives the structure of FIG. 12 greater radius of curvature than the outer surface of the outer roller 8 in the lower direction from the horizontal center line X-X.

14 and 15 show the plane L in the inclination angle θH which increases toward the lower direction or the upper direction from the horizontal center line X-X in the structure of FIG. 12.

FIG. 16 is a planar shape in which a tapered plane shape is provided with an inclination angle α1 at the upper end of the horizontal center line XX, and parallel to the vertical center line YY from the horizontal center line XX to an arbitrary distance L in the lower direction. Is given to the taper plane shape to which the arbitrary inclination-angle (alpha) 2 was provided from L to the lower end part, respectively.

FIG. 17 gives a taper angle θH that increases in the lower direction or in the upper direction with respect to the vertical center line YY in any plane L given in the lower direction from the horizontal center line XX in the structure of FIG. 16. As a result, the roller assembly can be prevented from inclining in one direction to reduce frictional resistance.

In addition, in the state where the joint angle is 0, the length L of the planar shape that is provided in the lower direction with respect to the outer center surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved surface of the track groove 2 on the basis of the horizontal center line XX is determined at the joint center. It is preferred to be larger than 2/100 times and smaller than 9/100 times the distance R to the center of the trunnion.

FIG. 18 is a third embodiment, in which a projection 7a is attached to an upper end of the inner roller 7 so that the protrusion 7a contacts the upper end 6a of the needle 6 and the inner roller. The axial movement in the lower direction of (7) is restricted and at the same time, the outer roller 8 and the needle roller 6 are prevented from escaping in the upper direction.

FIG. 19 shows a fourth embodiment in which an inner roller 7 having an inner surface shape is applied instead of an inner roller 7 having a cylindrical shape, and has an outer roller shape having an outer surface shape. And a planar shape (ØD, L) of arbitrary length in the lower direction from the horizontal center line (XX) to the curved shape of the track groove 2 provided to be assembled in the spherical shape of the outer roller, and the joint angle is 0. The contact length L1 of the upper end of the inner roller 7 in contact with the needle roller 6 in the state is larger than the lower contact length L2, and is provided on the outer surface of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove. By giving the length L equal to or larger than the length of L1-L2, even when the maximum joint angle is given to the tripod constant velocity joint 1, the center O of the trunnion 4 is rolled outward. The outer peripheral shape of (8) and the curved shape of the track groove (2) are lower than the horizontal center line (XX). Direction is positioned by the planar shape in the (L) given, it is possible to prevent any axial movement in the direction of the trunnion of the roller assembly is tilted in one direction to reduce the frictional resistance.

FIG. 20 illustrates a fifth embodiment, in which an inner roller 7 is provided with a protrusion 7a at an upper end of the outer roller 7 so that the inner roller 7 is not separated in the upper and lower directions. 8) A retainer ring 9 is provided at the upper end of the inner side, and a conical cylinder shape (Ød1, Ød2) is provided in the inner roller 7 to increase the taper angle from the upper end to the lower end. In the tripod constant velocity joint structure in which the outer surfaces of the track groove and the outer roller 8 are in angular contact (α1, α2) at P and Q, respectively, at the upper and lower ends with respect to the center line XX of the groove, respectively. In the center line XX of the groove, in the downward direction from the horizontal center line XX to the curved surface of the track groove 2, which is provided to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the spherical shape of the outer roller 8. Give a planar shape of arbitrary length (ØD, L) B) The load F is applied to any axial movement amount of the trunnion 4 by providing arbitrary inclined plane shapes θ1, L1, L2 applied to the upper and lower ends with respect to the horizontal center line XX. When acting on the inner roller 7 from the trunnion 4, a planar shape of an arbitrary length imparted from the horizontal center line XX to the lower direction on the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved shape of the track groove 2 The reaction force on the working load F is applied only at (ØD, L) or at an arbitrary inclined plane (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper end and the lower end on the horizontal center line XX.

Alternatively, when the load F acts on the inner roller 7 from the trunnion 4, as the axial movement amount increases in the lower direction of the trunnion 4, the acting load F is angular at the upper end. Supported only at the contact point P → Plane shape of arbitrary length given to the angular contact point P at the upper end and the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved shape of the track groove 2 from the horizontal center line XX to the bottom direction ( Simultaneous support in any inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper and lower ends with respect to ØD, L) or the horizontal center line (XX) → the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved surface of the track groove 2 Only the planar shape (ØD, L) of arbitrary length given to the shape in the lower direction from the horizontal center line (XX) or the arbitrary inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper and lower parts with respect to the horizontal center line (XX). Support → horizontal center line (X) on the angular contact point (Q) at the lower end and the outer surface of the outer roller (8) and the curved shape of the track groove (2) Simultaneous support in any inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper and lower ends with respect to the planar shape (ØD, L) or horizontal center line (XX) of any length given in the lower direction in -X) It is a structure that can make multi-stage contact in order of being supported only at the angular contact point (Q) of the.

Therefore, the roller assembly is prevented from tilting in one direction even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4, thereby reducing the frictional resistance.

FIG. 21 shows the sixth embodiment, in which the taper angle increases from the upper end to the lower end in the inner roller 7 instead of the conical cylinders Ød1 and Ød2 in the fifth embodiment. Inside the inner roller (7) is characterized in that only the conical cylindrical shape (Ød1, Ød2) is changed to the taper angle is reduced from the upper end to the lower end.

FIG. 22 illustrates a seventh embodiment, wherein the needle roller 6 and the inner roller 7 retain the retainers 9 and the stop rings 10 at the upper and lower ends thereof, respectively, so that the needle roller 6 and the inner roller 7 are not separated in the upper and lower directions. And the support ring 11 is provided, the inside of the outer roller (8) is given a conical cylindrical shape in which the taper angle (θ) increases from the upper end to the lower end is given, based on the center line (XX) of the track groove In the tripod constant velocity joint structure in which the outer peripheral surfaces of the track groove 2 and the outer roller 8 make angular contact (α1, α2) at P and Q, respectively, The center line XX has an outer peripheral surface of the outer roller 8 and a curved shape of the track groove 2 that is provided to be assembled to the spherical shape of the outer roller 8. Give a planar shape (ØD, L) of length, or give an image relative to the horizontal center line (XX) By giving arbitrary inclined plane shapes θ1, L1, L2 applied to the portion and the lower end portion, the load F also moves inwardly from the trunnion 4 to any axial movement amount of the trunnion 4. When acting on (7), the outer surface of the outer roller (8) and the curved surface of the track groove (2) only in the plane shape (ØD, L) of any length given in the lower direction from the horizontal center line (XX) or horizontal It is a structure that the reaction force to the action load (F) acts only on the inclined plane (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper end and the lower end on the center line (XX).

Alternatively, when the load F acts on the inner roller 7 from the trunnion 4, as the amount of axial movement in the lower direction of the trunnion 4 increases, the acting load F becomes the angular contact point of the upper end ( Supported only in P) → Plane of arbitrary length imparted from the horizontal center line (XX) to the lower end on the angular contact point P at the upper end and the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved shape of the track groove 2 L) or at the same time in an inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper end and the lower end with respect to the horizontal center line XX → on the outer circumferential surface of the outer roller 8 and the curved shape of the track groove 2 Support only the planar shape (ØD, L) of any length given in the lower direction from the horizontal center line (XX) or any inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper and lower ends with respect to the horizontal center line (XX) → Horizontal center line (X) on the angular contact point (Q) at the lower end and the outer surface of the outer roller (8) and the curved surface of the track groove (2) Simultaneous support in any inclined plane shape (θ1, L1, L2) given to the upper and lower ends with respect to the planar shape (ØD, L) or horizontal center line (XX) of any length given in the lower direction in -X) It provides a structure that can make multi-stage contact in the order that it is supported only at the angular contact point (Q) of.

Friction resistance can be reduced by preventing the roller assembly from tilting in one direction even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4.

FIG. 23 shows an eighth embodiment of the outer roller 8 instead of a conical cylindrical shape in which the taper angle θ increases from the upper end to the lower end in the outer roller 8 in the seventh embodiment. Inside, only the conical cylinder shape whose taper angle decreases from the upper end to the lower end is changed.

FIG. 24 illustrates a ninth embodiment, wherein the protrusions 8b and the retaining ring 9 are formed at the upper end of the outer roller 7 so that the needle roller 6 and the inner roller 7 are not separated from each other. And a lower end portion is provided with a projection 8a for the needle roller 6 and a projection 8c for the inner roller.

The inner surface of the inner roller 7 is provided with a projection having a convex shape at an arbitrary position δ in the upper direction with respect to the cross-sectional center line XX of the track groove, while being in the position under the load while On the trunnion 4 side at which the protrusions 7c of the rollers are assembled, axial movements can be made in the upper and lower directions while accommodating the protrusions 7c of the inner rollers 7, and the spider center is careful. When the trunnion 4 is inclined by movement, the concave overall curvature 4a smaller than the spherical diameter of the center of the trunnion is provided on the outer surface of the trunnion so that the trunnion 4 can be guided to the projection 7c of the inner roller 7. In the trunnion 4 which is located in the direction of receiving the load and is located directly below or above the projection 7c of the inner roller, it is possible to move the trunnion in the upper and lower directions. When the trunnion is inclined by the careful movement of the spider center, the curvature shape of the protrusion part is formed on the outer surface of the trunnion so as to be able to rotate about the center of the trunnion 4 while contacting the inner surface of the inner roller 7. Tripod constant velocity joint structure given to 4b).

On the curved surface of the track groove 2 provided to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the spherical shape of the outer roller in the lower direction relative to the projection center line (X1-X1) of the inner roller (7) By providing planar shapes ØD, L of arbitrary length, the roller assembly can be prevented from tilting in one direction even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4, thereby reducing the frictional resistance.

FIG. 25 illustrates a tenth embodiment, in which an inner surface of the inner roller 7 is provided with a cylindrical shape, and the trunnion 4 is capable of absorbing caution while allowing vertical and axial movement of the trunnion. The convex protrusions A and B may be placed at arbitrary distances δ1 and δ2 in the upper and lower directions with respect to the center line XX of the track groove to contact the inner cylindrical surface of the inner roller 7. In case of careful movement under any axial movement condition of the trunnion, one of the projections of the trunnion can be rotated about the center of the trunnion, and the other projection is guided to the cylindrical inner surface of the inner roller. Tripod constant velocity joint structure to make contact.

Planar shape of arbitrary length from the horizontal center line (XX) to the top direction on the curved surface of the track groove 2, which is given to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the spherical shape of the outer roller 8 , L) can prevent the roller assembly from tilting in one direction even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4, thereby reducing the frictional resistance.

FIG. 26 shows the eleventh embodiment, in which the trunnion 4 has a long diameter inscribed in the convex shape 7c of the inner roller 7 with the cross-sectional diameter of the trunnion 4 positioned on the load-bearing shaft. On the other hand, the cross-sectional diameter of the trunnion (4) located on the unloaded shaft is composed of a short diameter, i.e., an elliptical shape, which is not inscribed in the convex shape of the inner roller (7) and maintains any clearance. Ford constant velocity joint structure.

A planar shape L of any length is provided in the lower direction from the horizontal center line XX to the curved shape of the track groove 2 provided to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller 8 and the spherical shape of the outer roller. Or, to give a planar shape of arbitrary length (L1, L2) in the lower direction and the upper direction from the horizontal center line (XX), respectively, or give an arbitrary inclination angle (θ1) with respect to the horizontal center line (XX), respectively By providing arbitrary planar shapes L1 and L2, the roller assembly can be prevented from tilting in one direction even in any axial movement of the trunnion 4, thereby reducing the frictional resistance.

As described above, according to the tripod constant velocity joint for reducing friction according to the present invention, the joint can be smoothly driven while minimizing the axial force and frictional resistance generated in the constant velocity joint, thereby reducing vehicle vibration, By minimizing the vibration to improve the riding comfort of the user, there is an effect that can further improve the quality of the produced vehicle.

Claims (16)

A tripod housing having three track grooves having an arbitrary curved guide surface at equal intervals in the axial direction is provided at an inner circumference, and a spider having three trunnions protruding from the track groove of the tripod housing is installed. Inner rollers, needle rollers, and outer rollers are respectively installed on the outer circumference of each trunnion, and protrusions are provided on the upper and lower ends of the outer rollers so that the needle rollers are not separated, and the inner rollers are the needle rollers. In the tripod constant velocity joint structure which is axially movable while circumscribed to The inner side of the inner roller is provided with a cylindrical shape having an inclination angle of any angle in the direction not to be loaded with respect to the vertical center line of the trunnion in the state where the joint angle is 0 or in the longitudinal direction of the track groove. The trunnion of the shape is configured to be in point contact with each other at arbitrary points on the upper end and the lower end inside the cylinder shape inclined in the direction, and the curved shape of the track groove in which the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer surface of the outer roller are assembled. Each center is provided with a planar shape of arbitrary size in the lower direction with respect to the horizontal center line of the track groove section, respectively, and the width of the given planar shape is based on the horizontal center line of the track groove section at the joint angle of 0. It is equal to the length minus the contact length of the lower end from the contact length of the upper end of the inner roller in contact with the needle roller Or friction reduction, characterized in that is configured to select any one of to is greater type tripod constant velocity joint. The method of claim 1, The trunnion cross-section mirror including the same elliptical cross-sectional shape in the inner cylinders of the trunnion and the inner roller except for the arc shape is provided, and is located on the center line ZZ in the direction in which the load is not applied. The cross-sectional diameter (A) of the inner cylinder (A) and the inner roller is larger than the trunnion diameter B and the inner diameter of the inner cylinder (B) located on the center line (XX) in the direction in which the load acts. Friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint, characterized in that configured by selecting any one of the small. The method of claim 1, The inclined angle tripod constant velocity joint, characterized in that the inclination angle of the cylinder given to the inner surface of the inner roller is larger than 0.2 degrees and smaller than 3 degrees. The tripod housing is provided with three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equally spaced intervals in the inner circumference, and three trunnions having an outer surface shape protrude from the track grooves of the tripod housing. Spider is installed, the inner roller having an inner surface shape is installed around the outer periphery of each trunnion, the outer roller is installed so that the needle roller is externally circumscribed, the needle roller is outside the outer roller The protrusions provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer roller prevent the separation of the needle roller, and the inner roller has a structure in a tripod constant velocity joint that can move in the axial direction while circumscribing the needle roller. In In the center of the curved shape of the track groove in which the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer surface of the outer roller are assembled, a planar shape having an arbitrary size is respectively provided in the lower direction based on the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove. The width of the top shall be equal to or greater than the contact length of the upper end of the inner roller in contact with the needle roller, minus the lower end of the contact length, based on the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove at the joint angle of 0. Friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint, characterized in that configured by selecting any one. The tripod housing is provided with three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner circumference thereof, and the track groove of the tripod housing has three trunnions having a axial column shape with a constant cross section. A protruding spider is installed, and an inner roller having an inner shape with a convex protruding middle portion is installed outside of each trunnion, and a needle roller and an outer roller are respectively installed on the outer circumference of the inner roller. Retainer rings and stop rings are provided on the upper and lower portions of the inner surface of the outer roller so that the rollers and the outer rollers are not separated from each other. The cross-section of the trunnion located on the unloaded shaft while the internal diameter is long Without internal to the convex shape of the rollers is different from imparting elliptical consisting of minor axis to keep any gap in the trunnion you eonyi capable of axial movement in the direction tripod constant velocity joint structure with respect to the inner roller, The outer surface of the outer roller and the spherical shape of the outer roller are each provided with a planar shape L having an arbitrary size in the lower direction on the basis of the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove. A friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint characterized by the above-mentioned. The tripod housing is provided with three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equally spaced intervals in the inner circumference, and a spider having three spherical trunnions protruding from the track groove of the tripod housing is installed. The inner roller having a cylinder inner surface shape is installed at the outer circumference of each trunnion, and the needle roller and the outer roller are respectively installed at the outer circumference of the inner roller, and the needle roller and the inner roller are separated in the vertical direction. In the tripod constant velocity joint structure in which the retainer ring and the stop ring are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the outer roller so that the spherical trunnion is axially movable on the inner surface of the inner roller having a cylindrical shape. The outer surface of the outer roller and the spherical shape of the outer roller are each provided with a planar shape L having an arbitrary size in the lower direction on the basis of the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove. A friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint characterized by the above-mentioned. The tripod housing is provided with three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equally spaced intervals in the inner circumference, and a spider having three spherical trunnions protruding from the track groove of the tripod housing is installed. The spherical center line (X1-X1) of the trunnion is located at the upper end by a predetermined distance (△) than the cross-sectional center line (XX) of the track groove, the inner roller having a cylindrical inner surface shape is installed on the outer periphery of each trunnion Needle rollers and outer rollers are respectively installed on the outer circumference of the inner roller, and the retainer ring and the stop ring are installed at the upper and lower ends of the outer roller so that the needle roller and the inner roller are not separated in the vertical direction. The spherical trunnion has a tripod constant velocity joint structure capable of axially moving on an inner surface of an inner roller having a cylindrical shape. Come on. The outer surface of the outer roller and the spherical shape of the outer roller are each provided with a planar shape L having an arbitrary size in the lower direction on the basis of the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove. A friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint characterized by the above-mentioned. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, In the state where the joint angle is 0, the outer surface of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove have a planar shape of arbitrary length in the upper and lower directions, respectively, based on the cross-sectional center line (XX) of the track groove, respectively. ) And L2 (lower planar length), wherein L2 is greater than L1, or an arbitrary length in the lower direction relative to the cross-sectional center line XX on the outer surface of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove. A plane L of any length so as to give a radius of curvature greater than the outer surface of the outer roller to the section L of the outer roller, or to increase the inclination angle θH toward the lower direction or the upper direction from the cross-sectional center line XX. Or an inclined plane shape having an arbitrary inclination angle α1 at an upper end of the track groove provided to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer roller, based on the cross-sectional center line XX, A planar shape parallel to the vertical center line YY is given from the plane center line XX to an arbitrary distance L in the lower direction, and an arbitrary inclined plane shape α2 is provided from the arbitrary distance L to the lower end. Alternatively, an inclined plane shape having an arbitrary inclination angle α1 at an upper end of the track groove provided to be assembled to the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer roller based on the cross-sectional center line XX, at the cross-sectional center line XX. An inclined plane shape having an arbitrary inclination angle θH to the vertical center line YY is given to the vertical center line YY in the lower direction, and an inclined plane shape α2 is provided from the arbitrary distance L to the lower end. Friction type tripod constant velocity joint. The method according to claim 1 or 4, A protrusion is provided at an upper end of the outer roller to allow the protrusion to contact the upper end of the needle roller, thereby limiting the axial movement in the lower direction of the inner roller, and the outer roller and the needle roller are separated in the upper direction. Friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint further comprising a configuration to prevent the. A tripod housing having three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equal intervals in the axial direction is provided at an inner circumference, and a spider having three trunnions protruding from the track groove of the tripod housing is installed. Needle rollers are circumferentially positioned on the outer circumference of each trunnion, and inner rollers and outer rollers having a cylindrical shape on the inner surface and a spherical shape on the outer surface of the needle roller are respectively installed. A retainer ring and a stop ring are respectively provided at the upper end of the trunnion so that the roller is not separated from each other, and a conical cylinder shape in which the taper angle increases from the upper end to the lower end is given to the inside of the outer roller, so that the inner roller is the outer roller. Tripod constant velocity joint structure Standing, Each of the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer surface of the outer roller is provided with a planar shape (L) of arbitrary size in the lower direction on the basis of the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove, respectively And an arbitrary inclined plane shape L at a lower end inclined at an arbitrary angle θH with respect to the cross-sectional vertical center line YY of the track groove, and at an arbitrary angle with respect to the cross-sectional vertical center line YY of the track groove. A friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint, wherein an arbitrary inclined plane shape (L1, L2) is given to the upper end and the lower end inclined at θH). A tripod housing having three track grooves having arbitrary curved guide surfaces at equal intervals in the axial direction is provided at an inner circumference, and a spider having three trunnions protruding from the track groove of the tripod housing is installed. Needle rollers are circumferentially positioned on the outer circumference of each trunnion, and inner rollers and outer rollers having a cylindrical shape on the inner surface and a spherical shape on the outer surface of the needle roller are respectively installed. A retainer ring and a stop ring are respectively provided at the upper end of the trunnion so that the roller is not separated from each other, and a cylinder shape is given to the inside of the outer roller so that the inner roller can move axially with respect to the inner surface of the outer roller. In the constant velocity joint structure, Each of the outer surface of the outer roller and the outer surface of the outer roller is provided with a planar shape (L) of arbitrary size in the lower direction on the basis of the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove, respectively And an arbitrary inclined plane shape (L) at the lower end inclined at an arbitrary angle (θH) with respect to the cross-sectional vertical center line (YY) of the track groove, and at an arbitrary angle with respect to the cross-sectional vertical center line (YY) of the track groove. A friction reducing tripod constant velocity joint, wherein an arbitrary inclined plane shape (L1, L2) is given to the upper end and the lower end inclined at θH). The method of claim 10 or 11, When the torque acts on the joint at any joint angle, the acting load F generated by the torque is lowered from the horizontal centerline XX of the cross section of the track groove on the outer surface of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove. It is characterized in that it only acts on the inclined plane shape (L1, L2) given to the upper end and the lower end with an arbitrary inclination angle (θH) with respect to the planar shape (L) or the horizontal center line (XX) of the arbitrary length given by Friction type tripod constant velocity joint. The method of claim 10 or 11, The upper end portion is provided with an arbitrary first curvature shape R1 on both the outer grooves of the track groove or the track groove and the outer roller, and the horizontal center line of the cross section of the track groove is provided at the lower end thereof. A planar shape L or an inclined plane L (hereinafter referred to as the second planar shape L) of an arbitrary size imparted in the lower direction on the basis of the second planar shape and an arbitrary third curvature shape in the downward direction of the second planar shape. A friction reducing tripod joint characterized in that the outer surface of the track groove or the outer roller formed by imparting (R3). The method of claim 13, When the joint rotates at an arbitrary joint angle and torque condition and the inner roller moves in the lower direction of the horizontal reference line XX with respect to the inner surface of the outer roller, the outer roller has the first curvature R1 and the second planar shape ( L) and the track groove having the third curvature R3 are supported only in the first curvature R1 in the first step, and the first curvature R1 and the second planar shape L in the second step. At the same time, the third stage is supported only in the second planar shape (L), the fourth stage is supported at the same time the second planar shape (L) and the third curvature (R3) at the same time, A multi-stage contact structure that is supported only in curvature R3 of 3 and also features a multi-stage contact structure in which some of the steps are omitted. The method of claim 11, Friction-reduced tripod constant velocity joint, characterized in that the conical cylindrical shape is reduced in taper angle toward the lower end from the upper end to the inside of the outer roller. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 to 11, 14 to 15, In the state where the joint angle is 0, the length L of the planar shape given in the lower direction relative to the horizontal center line XX of the track groove on the outer surface of the outer roller and the curved surface of the track groove is trunnion at the center of the joint. A friction-reducing tripod constant velocity joint, characterized in that it is larger than 2/100 times and smaller than 9/100 times the distance to the center (R).

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