KR100732419B1 - Starting method of variable capacity rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for starting a variable capacity compressor is provided to improve the reliability of a compressor by preventing chattering of a vane in initial starting. Whether a compressor is initially started(S300) or not is judged. If so, a vane is restricted to be operated in a partial load mode to prevent vane chattering(S310-S330). A difference between a suction pressure and a discharge pressure of the compressor is detected for judging whether the difference is over a predetermined value(S340). If so, the compressor is converted into a full load mode according to a temperature condition(S360). If not, the compressor is operated in a partial load mode for reducing compression capacity(S370-S380).

Description

Starting method of variable capacity rotary compressor

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a capacity variable compressor according to the present invention, showing a state in which a compression operation is performed in a first compression chamber.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II 'of FIG. 1;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a capacity variable compressor according to the present invention, showing a state in which idling is performed in a first compression chamber.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV 'of FIG. 3;

5 is a schematic view of a refrigeration cycle to which a capacity variable compressor having the configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is applied;

6 is a configuration diagram of a start control of a capacity variable compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of starting a variable displacement compressor according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

31: first compression chamber 32: second compression chamber

42: first roller 43: the first vane

44: 1st vane guide home 46: sealed room

60: vane control device 65: high pressure switch valve

66: low pressure open and close valve 100: variable displacement compressor

220: control unit

The present invention relates to a method of starting a variable displacement compressor capable of varying the compression capacity by controlling the movement of the vane, and more particularly, a variable displacement compressor that improves the noise characteristics of the compressor by preventing vane chattering during initial startup. It relates to a method of starting.

A cooling device that cools the surrounding space using a refrigeration cycle, such as an air conditioner and a refrigerator, includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant circulating in a closed circuit of the refrigeration cycle, and the cooling capacity of such a cooling device is determined according to the compression capacity of the compressor. All.

Recently, a variable capacity compressor capable of varying the refrigerant compression capacity has been adopted for the purpose of reducing energy and at the same time saving energy by varying the cooling capacity of such a cooling device.

Regarding such a variable displacement compressor, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-0021140 discloses a variable displacement compressor capable of varying the compression capacity through the control of the vane movement.

The variable displacement compressor disclosed in the publication has a housing in which a cylindrical compression chamber is formed, a roller that eccentrically rotates in the compression chamber of the housing, and vanes that retreat in the radial direction of the roller. The vane is composed of the first vane of the upper and the second vane separated from each other, the second vane side is provided with a restraining means for restraining the second vane so as to separate the second vane to the outer surface of the roller, if necessary It is.

The displacement variable compressor performs idling when the second vane is restrained by the restraining means and performs a compression operation when the second vane is not restrained by the restraining means. Therefore, the compression capacity may be varied by restraining or releasing the second vane as necessary.

However, such a variable displacement compressor has no spring in the common compressor behind the vane for controlling the first vane, and forms a closed chamber at the rear of the first vane to control the pressure of the sealed chamber, thereby controlling the pressure of the vane. A switching valve was provided.

Therefore, after the compressor is operated for a certain time and high pressure is generated, a high pressure is applied to the rear of the vane to perform a spring-like function. However, when the compressor is operated for a certain time and the initial pressure before the internal pressure of the compressor becomes high, The vane chattering phenomenon in which the first vane is spaced apart from the roller is likely to occur due to a lack of a load for fixing the roller. When vane chattering occurs, not only noise is generated but also reliability is deteriorated.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, an object of the present invention is to prevent the chattering of the vanes during the initial startup to improve the compressor noise characteristics and to improve the reliability of the starting method of the variable variable compressor To provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of starting a variable displacement compressor for varying the compression capacity by adjusting the pressure flowing into the closed chamber formed at the rear end of the vane to control the restraint and release of the vane, the compressor is initially started Determining authorization; Starting the compressor in partial load mode by restraining the vanes to prevent vane chattering when the compressor is initially started; Detecting a difference between a suction pressure and a discharge pressure of a compressor after starting the partial load mode and determining whether the pressure is equal to or greater than a predetermined predetermined value; And switching the compressor to a full load mode according to temperature conditions if the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and determining whether the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Determining based on the time operated after the start to the partial load mode; Determining based on a signal of a temperature sensor attached to the compressor; Determining based on a signal of a pressure sensor attached to the compressor; It is characterized in that any one of.

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Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a variable displacement compressor according to the present invention, showing a state in which a compression operation is performed in the first compression chamber, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II 'of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the variable displacement compressor according to the present invention, showing a state in which idling is performed in the first compression chamber, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV 'of FIG.

In FIG. 1, the variable displacement compressor 100 of the present invention is installed on an inner lower portion of the hermetic container 10, an inner lower portion of the hermetic container 10, and has an electric element 20 and a rotating shaft 21. It has a compression element 30 connected via.

The transmission element 20 is a cylindrical stator 22 fixed to the inner surface of the sealed container 10, the rotor 23 is rotatably installed in the interior of the stator 22, the center portion is coupled to the rotating shaft 21 It includes. The transmission element 20 drives the compression element 30 connected by the rotation shaft 21 by rotating the rotor 23 when power is applied.

The compression element 30 is provided in the housing having the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 32 in the upper part partitioned apart from each other, and in the first and second compression chambers 31 and 32, respectively, And first and second compression units 40 and 50 operated by 21.

The housing of the compression element 30 has a first body 33 and a second compression chamber 32 formed thereon and a second body installed below the first body 33. 34) of the intermediate plate 35 and the first compression chamber 31 provided between the first and second bodies 33 and 34 for partitioning the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 32; A first and a second mounted on the upper part of the first body 33 and the lower part of the second body 34 so as to close the upper opening and the lower opening of the second compression chamber 32 and support the rotating shaft 21. It includes two flanges 36 and 37. The rotary shaft 21 penetrates the centers of the first and second compression chambers 31 and 32 and is connected to the compression units 40 and 50 inside the first and second compression chambers 31 and 32.

The first and second compression units 40 and 50 are provided with first and second eccentric parts 41 and 51, first and second, respectively provided on the rotation shafts 21 of the first and second compression chambers 31 and 32, respectively. And first and second rollers 42 and 52 rotatably coupled to the outer surfaces of the first and second eccentric portions 41 and 51 so as to rotate in contact with the inner surfaces of the two compression chambers 31 and 32. The first eccentric portion 41 and the second eccentric portion 51 are arranged opposite to each other so as to maintain a balance.

In addition, the first and second compression units 40 and 50 move forward and backward in the radial direction of each of the compression chambers 31 and 32 as the first and second rollers 42 and 52 rotate. And a first vane 43 and a second vane 53 which define 32. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first and second vanes 43 and the second vanes 53 have first and second vane guide grooves 44, which are formed to be elongated in the radial direction of each of the compression chambers 31 and 32. 54) is guided forward and backward. The vane spring 55 presses the second vane 53 toward the second roller 52 so that the second vane 53 partitions the second compression chamber 32 in the second vane guide groove 54. This is installed.

As shown in FIG. 2, a hermetic chamber 46 accommodating the rear end of the first vane 43 is formed behind the first vane guide groove 44. The sealed chamber 46 is partitioned from the inner space of the sealed container 10 by the intermediate plate 35 and the first flange 36.

In addition, according to the present invention, the first vane 43 is moved forward or backward by restraining the first vane 43 by retracting it by applying a suction pressure to the sealed chamber 46 or by applying a discharge pressure to the sealed chamber 46. It is provided with a vane control device (60). The vane control device 60 allows the compression capacity to vary by compressing or idling the side of the first compression chamber 31 by restraining or releasing the first vane 43 in this manner. The detailed configuration and operation of the vane control device 60 will be described later.

Inlets connected to the suction pipes 71 and 72 to allow gas to flow into the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 32 in the first body 33 and the second body 34 ( 73 and discharge ports 75 and 76 are formed to discharge the gas compressed in each of the compression chambers 31 and 32 into the sealed container 10. Therefore, when the compressor is operated, the inside of the sealed container 10 is maintained at a high pressure by the compressed gas discharged through the discharge ports 75 and 76, and the compressed gas inside the sealed container 10 is placed on the top of the sealed container 10. It is guided to the outside through the discharge pipe 77 is provided. The suctioned gas passes through the accumulator 78 and is then guided through the suction pipes 71 and 72 to the suction ports of the respective compression chambers 31 and 32.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vane control device 60 for controlling the operation of the first vane 43 is connected to the airtight chamber 46 directly behind the first vane guide groove 44. 61), the high pressure pipe 62 for connecting the connecting pipe 61 and the discharge pipe 77, the high pressure opening and closing valve 65 for opening and closing the high pressure pipe 62, the connecting pipe 61 and the suction pipe 70 The low pressure pipe 63 for connecting the low pressure pipe 63 includes a low pressure opening and closing valve 66 for opening and closing. The high pressure open and close valve 65 and the low pressure open and close valve 66 is composed of a solenoid valve, an electric four-way valve or a three-way valve so that the high pressure pipe 62 and the low pressure pipe 63 can be opened and closed separately.

In addition, an outlet of the connecting pipe 61 is connected to the first flange 36, and a communication passage 36a is formed in the first flange 36 to directly connect the connecting pipe 61 and the sealed chamber 46. . This configuration is such that the vane 46 is provided at the rear side of the first vane guide groove 44, and the connecting pipe 61 is connected to the first flange 36 to directly communicate with the sealed chamber 46. It is to simplify the configuration of the control device (60).

The operation of the vane control device 60 is performed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when the high pressure open / close valve 65 is opened and the low pressure open / close valve 66 is closed, the discharge pressure is applied to the sealed chamber 46. Therefore, at this time, since the first vane 43 is pushed toward the first compression chamber 31 by the discharge pressure, the first vane 43 advances and exits according to the eccentric rotation of the first roller 42. On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the suction pressure is applied to the closed chamber 46 when the high pressure open and close valve 65 is closed and the low pressure open and close valve 66 is opened. Therefore, in this case, since the first vane 43 is stopped in the retracted state, idling is performed in the first compression chamber 31.

As described above, the present invention may control the restraint of the first vane 43 through the vane control device 60 so that the compression or idling may be performed on the first compression chamber 31 side, thereby changing the compression capacity. . That is, when the discharge pressure is applied to the sealed chamber 46 to advance and retreat the first vane 43, the compression operation is performed in both the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 32, so that a large amount of compression is performed. This is done. On the other hand, if the first vane 43 is restrained by applying the suction pressure to the sealed chamber 46, idling is performed in the first compression chamber 31, and the compression operation is performed only in the second compression chamber 32. Decreases.

On the other hand, when restraining the first vane (43) so that the idling is achieved in the first compression chamber (31), the high-pressure opening and closing valve (65) is first closed and then the low-pressure opening and closing valve (66). Then, when the restraint of the first vane (43) to perform the compression operation on the first compression chamber 31 side, the low pressure open and close valve 66 is first closed and then the high pressure open and close valve (65) is opened.

5 is a schematic view of a refrigeration cycle to which a variable capacity compressor having the same configuration as that of FIGS. 1 to 4 is used, and the same reference numerals and the same names are used for the same parts as in FIGS.

In FIG. 5, the refrigeration cycle to which the variable displacement compressor of the present invention is applied includes a variable displacement compressor 100, a condenser 102 for cooling a gas refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure compressed by the variable capacity compressor 100, and the condenser ( The expansion device 104 receives the refrigerant from the expansion 102 and expands under reduced pressure, and the evaporator 106 to absorb the heat and evaporate the refrigerant expanded under reduced pressure in the expansion device (104).

6 is a configuration diagram of a start control of a variable displacement compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the signal input unit 200, the temperature sensing unit 210, the control unit 220, the compressor driving unit 230, and the operation state detecting unit ( 240 and the valve driving unit 250 is configured.

The signal input unit 200 inputs operation information such as an operation mode and a set temperature Ts selected by a user, and the temperature detection unit 210 is an air conditioner to which the capacity variable compressor 100 of the present invention is applied. It detects the room temperature (Tr, in the case of a refrigerator).

The control unit 220 is a microcomputer that controls the opening and closing operations of the high pressure switch valve 65 and the low pressure switch valve 66 to prevent chattering of the first vane 43 at the initial startup of the variable displacement compressor 100. In the initial parallel pressure condition, when the pressure difference between the front and rear of the first vane 43 is small, in order to prevent the first vane 43 from colliding with the first roller 42, the high-pressure switching valve 65 is closed for a predetermined time. The first vane 43 is controlled to be spaced apart from the first roller 42 by opening the low pressure opening / closing valve 66 so that a low pressure is applied to the sealed chamber 46.

In addition, the controller 220 is a cooling device to which the capacity variable compressor 100 of the present invention is applied to prevent the first vane 43 from colliding with the first roller 42 at the initial startup of the compressor 100. For example, when the signal output value is less than or equal to a predetermined value based on a signal of an air conditioner component or a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor attached to the compressor 100, the high pressure open / close valve 65 is closed and the low pressure open / close valve 66 The first vane 43 is controlled so as to be spaced apart from the first roller 42 by opening a) so that a low pressure is applied to the sealed chamber 46.

In addition, the control unit 220 compares the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Ts to control the opening / closing operation of the high pressure open / close valve 65 and the low pressure open / close valve 66 of the vane control device 60 to control the first vane. Compression or idling is performed on the first compression chamber 31 side by restraining and releasing restraint of 43 to vary the compression capacity.

The compressor driving unit 230 drives the capacity variable compressor 100 by driving the compression element 30 connected to the rotating shaft 21 by rotating the rotor 23 according to the compressor control signal of the controller 220. The state detection unit 240 detects an operation state (eg, an operation time after starting, a temperature sensor signal output value or a pressure sensor signal output value, etc.) of the capacity variable compressor 100 and inputs it to the controller 220.

On the other hand, the controller 220 may be configured to detect the operating state of the variable capacity compressor (100).

The valve driver 250 controls the opening / closing operation of the high pressure open / close valve 65 and the low pressure open / close valve 66 according to the valve control signal of the controller 220.

Hereinafter, an operation process and an operation effect of the starting method of the variable displacement compressor configured as described above will be described.

The variable displacement compressor 100 of the present invention includes two compression chambers 31 and 32 and includes a first vane in a vane controlled compressor separated from each other by an upper first vane 43 and a lower second vane 53. An initial starting algorithm in a structure in which the spring member which adheres the 43 to the first roller 42 is hard to be inserted.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of starting a variable displacement compressor according to the present invention.

In FIG. 7, when the variable displacement compressor 100 starts to operate, it is determined whether cold starting or warm starting is performed (S300).

Cold start is a case in which the compressor 100 starts to operate for the first time, and warm start is a case in which the operation of the compressor 100 is not the first operation in a concept opposite to cold start.

If the compressor 100 is on-start, it is determined whether the compressor 100 is continuous operation or intermittent operation (S310).

Continuous operation is a case where the compressor 100 restarts within a predetermined time (about 15 seconds), and intermittent operation is a case where the compressor 100 starts a restart after stopping for a predetermined time (about 15 seconds) or more.

When the compressor 100 is an intermittent operation, the pressure difference between the front and rear of the first vane 43 controlled until the high pressure is formed by the internal pressure of the compressor 100 is small, so that the load for fixing the first vane 43 is insufficient. A chattering phenomenon in which the vanes 43 continuously collide with the first roller 42 is likely to occur. In order to prevent this, a process of controlling the high pressure open / close valve 65 and the low pressure open / close valve 66 so that low pressure is applied to the sealed chamber 46 of the first vane 43 is performed as follows.

In addition, when the compressor 100 is cold started as a result of the determination in S300, since the compressor 100 is in an initial operation state, the first vane 43 continuously collides with the first roller 42 as in the intermittent operation. In order to prevent a chattering phenomenon, the process of controlling the high pressure open / close valve 65 and the low pressure open / close valve 66 is performed as follows.

First, the control unit 220 closes the high pressure open / close valve 65 through the valve driving unit 250 and opens the low pressure open / close valve 66 (S320). This allows a low pressure to be applied to the sealed chamber 46 of the first vane 43 at the initial startup of the variable displacement compressor 100 so that the first vane 43 is spaced apart from the first roller 42 to prevent a collision. In addition, the deterioration phenomenon due to liquid refrigerant can be suppressed.

In addition, the operation time after the partial load mode of the compressor 100 which closes the high pressure open / close valve 65 and opens the low pressure open / close valve 66 is counted to determine whether a predetermined time (about 1 minute) has elapsed (S330). When a predetermined time elapses, the controller 220 determines that the initial startup of the compressor 100 is successful. After the initial startup success, the first and second compression chambers 31 and 32 switch to the full load mode that performs the compression operation when the following conditions are satisfied.

First, the control unit 220 is a method of switching to the full load after a predetermined time, the switching time can be set by measuring the compressor 100 by the test. For example, it is a method of switching to full load as needed after one minute after starting in the state which only the 2nd initial compression chamber 32 was initially compressed.

Second, if the output value of the temperature sensor attached to the cooling device components or the compressor 100 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value predetermined in the controller 220, it is determined that the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor 100 becomes more than a predetermined value. How to switch to the load.

Third, if the output value of the components of the cooling device or the pressure sensor attached to the compressor 100 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value predetermined in the controller 220, it is determined that the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor 100 becomes more than a predetermined value. How to switch to the load.

When the condition of switching to the full load state is satisfied as in the above method, the control unit 220 compares the room temperature Tr and the set temperature Ts, and the temperature difference Tr-Ts is a predetermined reference temperature ( Ta) it is determined whether or not (S340).

If the temperature difference Tr-Ts is equal to or higher than the reference temperature Ta, the controller 220 opens the high pressure open / close valve 65 and closes the low pressure open / close valve 66 to increase the compression capacity of the compressor 100 (S350). ).

When the compressor 100 is operated while the high pressure open / close valve 65 is opened and the low pressure open / close valve 66 is closed, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first vane 43 is connected to the discharge pressure. As a result, the first vane 43 advances and retreats along the eccentric rotation of the first roller 42 because it is pushed toward the first compression chamber 31. Therefore, in this case, the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 32 are switched to the full load mode in which the compression operation is performed, and a large capacity is compressed (S360).

On the other hand, if the temperature difference (Tr-Ts) is not more than the reference temperature (Ta), the control unit 220 closes the high pressure switch valve 65 and opens the low pressure switch valve 66 to lower the compression capacity of the compressor 100. (S370).

When the compressor 100 is operated while the high pressure open / close valve 65 is closed and the low pressure open / close valve 66 is opened, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first vane 43 is retracted. In the first compression chamber 31 is idling because it is stopped at. Therefore, in this case, idling is performed in the first compression chamber 31 and the compression capacity is reduced by operating in the partial load mode in which the compression operation is performed only in the second compression chamber 32.

As such, the present invention controls the restraint of the first vane 43 through the opening and closing operation of the high pressure open and close valve 65 and the low pressure open and close valve 66 of the vane control device 60 to compress or Idle can be made, through which the compression capacity can be varied.

According to the method of starting the variable displacement compressor according to the present invention as described above, it is possible to prevent the vane chattering during the initial startup of the compressor to improve the compressor noise characteristics and improve the reliability.

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Claims (7)

delete delete delete delete delete In the starting method of the variable displacement compressor to vary the compression capacity by adjusting the pressure entering the closed chamber formed at the rear end of the vane to control the restraint and release of the vane, Determining whether the compressor is initially started; Starting the compressor in partial load mode by restraining the vanes to prevent vane chattering when the compressor is initially started; Detecting a difference between a suction pressure and a discharge pressure of a compressor after starting the partial load mode and determining whether the pressure is equal to or greater than a predetermined predetermined value; And Switching the compressor to full load mode according to temperature conditions if the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; Determining whether the difference between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure of the compressor is more than a predetermined value, Determining based on the time operated after the start to the partial load mode; Determining based on a signal of a temperature sensor attached to the compressor; Determining based on a signal of a pressure sensor attached to the compressor; medium A method of starting a variable capacity compressor, characterized in that any one. delete

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