KR100700092B1 - Manufacturing method of expanding and softening rice hull pellet and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a manufacturing method of pellets in a designated shape and size by expanding and softening rice hulls and an apparatus used therefor, so as to improve carrying, storage and fertilization. The manufacturing method of rice hull pellets comprises the steps of: inputting rice hulls and water into an expanding/softening device(S1); expanding and softening the rice hulls(S2); mixing rice brans with the expanded and softened rice hulls(S3); inputting the mixture of expanded and softened rice hulls and rice brans into a pellet machine(S4); performing a pelleting process on the rice hulls(S5); separating pellets from pellet powder(S6); cooling the pellets to room temperature and discharging(S7); separating the discharged pellets from pellet powder(S8); and packaging the expanded and softened pellets(S9).

Description

Method of manufacturing swollen rice husk pellets and its manufacturing apparatus {MANUFACTURING METHOD OF EXPANDING AND SOFTENING RICE HULL PELLET AND ITS DEVICE}

1: a flowchart of a method of preparing puffed rice hull pellets according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an apparatus for preparing expanded chaff pellets of one embodiment of the present invention.

3: The present invention chaff pellets being extruded from a pellet manufacturing apparatus.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

(2)-rice husk hopper (4)-chaff storage tank

(6) (12) (20) (22) (26)-Transfer Conveyor (8) (34) (46)-Bucket Conveyor

(10)-Inflating device (14)-Supply tank

(16)-Mixer (18)-Pellet Making Equipment

(24)-Gate Valve (28)-Billed Rice Feeder

(30)-Singer Tank (32) (40)-Sharm

(36)-chiller (38)-blower

(42)-Weigher (44)-Toneback Packing Machine

(48)-Packaging Machine (50)-Controller

The present invention relates to a method for producing pellets by swelling rice hulls (swell and soft) and a device thereof.

In general, rice husks produced during rice milling show low acidity of pH 6.2, 26.5% to 29.8% of carbohydrates, 1.9% to 3.7% of crude protein, and high C / N ratio (111.3). It is strong and silicic acid is accumulated, so the water absorption rate is very low, decay rate and fermentation are inhibited, so its use as compost is inappropriate.

In addition, due to the low specific gravity (100㎏ / ㎥), the transportation cost is high, and the content of lignin, crude fiber, and silicic acid is difficult to process, which makes it difficult to process mulching materials such as garlic and onion, barn carpet, and moisture control materials during composting. Heat is used for drying and power generation, briquette production, chaff charcoal production, soil amendment, mushroom cultivation, etc., and crushed chaff is being used for industrial raw materials or livestock feed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a manufacturing apparatus for expanded chaff pellets having a predetermined shape size to expand the rice hull so as to improve the water absorption rate and decay rate, and then extruded into a pellet state so that the transportation and storage and fertilization is good. There is this.

Another object of the present invention is characterized by mixing the rice bran having an adhesive function with the expanded chaff to obtain a pellet shape in a favorable state.

In order to achieve the above object, the expanded chaff pelletized using a pellet manufacturing apparatus is extruded to obtain a expanded chaff pellet of a predetermined shape size. The pellet manufacturing apparatus is used for feeding screw so that the expanded chaff introduced into the hopper to the extrusion unit, the extrusion chaff pellets are provided with a cutting tool (cutter) in the extrusion unit is cut into a predetermined length. Then, the rice bran is mixed 20% to 40% by weight so that the pellet is formed well.

In describing the present invention, the same elements in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible, and detailed descriptions of related well-known structures or functions will be omitted in order not to obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention to prepare the chaff pellets, chaff and water in the step of expanding the device (S1 step), inflated chaff into the expansion device (S2 step), in the chaff chaff Mixing rice bran (step S3), adding the rice bran mixed bulge chaff into a pellet manufacturing device (step S4), extruding the rice bran mixed with rice bran crushed by a pellet manufacturing device (S5 step) Separating the pellets and pellet powder generated in the stepped chaff pelletizing step (S6 step), the step of cooling and discharging the expanded chaff pellets to room temperature (S7 step), the step of separating the cold chaff chaff pellets and powder (Step S8), the step of packing the discharged chaff pellets in a predetermined unit (step S9).

In the step of separating the expanded chaff pellets and the powder (S6 and S8 step), it may further comprise the step of inputting the separated pellet powder into the pellet manufacturing apparatus.

In the swelling step, high heat is generated in the rice husk by high compression of 6 kg / cm 3 or more, and water (weight ratio) of 20% to 25% is hydrolyzed to swell as the chaff is expanded and softened rapidly and the volume is reduced.

The size and specific gravity of the chaff introduced into the expansion device is very different depending on the variety and cultivation conditions, but the length is about 6mm ~ 7mm, the width is about 2.5mm ~ 5mm, slightly reduced while being laid. When expanded, most of the length is reduced to the size of 1 mm to 2 mm. Table 1 below compares the size of raw chaff before expansion and the size of swollen chaff.

(Table 1) Comparison table of rice hull size (particle size distribution) before and after dilation.

Chaff size Raw chaff Puffed Chaff 4 mm or more 0.42% 0% 4 mm to 2 mm 61.39% 2.19% 2 mm to 1 mm 26.20% 19.18% 1 mm or less 11.99% 78.63%

As can be seen in Table 1, in the case of raw chaff, the chaff having a size of 4 mm to 2 mm occupies the majority of 61.39%, but in the case of the expanded chaff, there is no chaff more than 4 mm and the chaff having a size of 1 mm or less is 78.63%. It will occupy most of them, and even without a separate grinding, it can be seen that most of the chaff grain size is reduced to a size of 2 mm or less by swelling.

The expanded chaff is in a state of finer size than raw chaff, which can be said to be the result of being reduced in size during processing. Table 2 below compares the specific gravity and maximum water absorption rate of rice husk and sawdust, the expanded rice husk is crushed and the tissue is softened so that the water absorption rate is more than two times higher than raw rice husk is in a state similar to the absorption rate of sawdust.

Table 2. Specific gravity and maximum water absorption of rice hulls and sawdust

division Specific gravity (g / cm 3) True specific gravity (g / cm 3) Maximum Absorption Rate (%) Raw chaff 0.10 0.66 151.06 Puffed Chaff 0.178 / 0.25 0.66 315.64 Sawdust 0.16 0.56 399.71

The specific gravity immediately after being produced in the expansion device is 0.25g / cm ³ , which is the result of the water being hydrolyzed during processing. After that, it is dried for 0.178 / cm ³ after being left in the air for several days. .

In addition, the expanded chaff softens the structure at the time of processing, and the water absorption rate is significantly higher than that of ground chaff or normal chaff (raw) as shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3. Absorption Rate and Tissue Softening by Rice Husk Processing Method

division moisture(%)  Tissue softness Water content Reward Water absorption Puffed Chaff 25.0 298 273 (827) Very soft Ground chaff 10.2 93 83 (252) Roughness Rice husks (raw) 13.4 46 33 (100) Very hard

On the other hand, although the adhesive strength between the rice husks is inferior, the rice bran is mixed 20% to 40% by weight and the moisture is adjusted so that the fermentation conditions are suitable so that the pellets of the rice hulls can be formed in the step of mixing rice bran with rice bran. .

The pellet shape of the expanded chaff extruded by mixing 20% to 40% of rice bran (bold rice bran) is formed and maintained well, and the water content of the expanded chaff into the pellet manufacturing apparatus is maintained at 20% to 25%. As the rice bran acts as a paste, the rice hulls stick together or adhere to each other, so that the rice hull pellets are formed well.

The water (加 水) can maintain the water content by injecting water at room temperature or by spraying steam (,), by spraying steam (보다는) rather than water aging rice bran and bulge chaff aging to achieve better pellet molding.

That is, the rice bran is aged by steam and acts as a pool, so that the rice husks are not only adhered (attached) but also extruded at high pressure, so that pellet molding is better.

The injection temperature of the steam (100) is 100 ℃ ~ 120 ℃ but by maintaining the temperature in the expanded chaff to 60 ℃ or less so that the microorganisms in the expanded chaff do not die.

The cross-sectional shape of the expanded chaff pellets that are extruded is generally preferable to be round, but of course, the diameter of the chaff pellets may be varied to elliptical, rectangular or polygonal or their deformation shape. It is preferable to keep mm-12mm and length 10mm-20mm.

The diameter (6 mm to 12 mm) of the expanded chaff pellets may be adjusted by adjusting the size of the extrusion hole of the pellet manufacturing apparatus, and the length of the pellet may be determined by adjusting the separation distance between the extrusion hole and the cutter located around the extrusion hole.

On the other hand, rice hulls have an acidity of pH 6.2, carbohydrates are 26.5% ~ 29.8%, crude protein is 1.9% ~ 3.7%, high C / N ratio (111.3), strong tissue, silicic acid accumulation, fermentation is inhibited, In the present invention, the chaff is softened by the swelling of the tissue, and the nitrogen and moisture are absorbed well to become a good compost, and the rice hull is extruded by the rice bran which acts as a flocculant and a molding agent, so the fertilization workability is improved. As a result, the volume is significantly reduced from 1/2 to 1/4 of the raw rice hull, which reduces transportation and storage costs and logistics costs.

In the present invention to separate the bulge chaff pellets and powder (including crumbs) in the step (S6 and S8 step) using the Sharm having a screen net of about 6 mesh ~ 8 mesh to separate the bulge chaff pellets and powder (including crumbs) However, the separated and recovered pellet powder is pelletized by re-injection into a pellet manufacturing apparatus so as to prevent waste of swollen chaff.

In the present invention, the fermented chaff chaff is chopped as a good storage, transport and fertilization, the molded chaff pellets are packed in a small package (20Kg or less) or medium packaging to save packaging costs Or can be packed in large packages.

The expanded chaff pellets of the present invention are uniform in quality and free of contaminants (insolubles, etc.), as well as the advantages of general compost and high pH, so that the chemical improvement effect of the soil is high and the silicic acid content is high, so that the plants grow robustly and are resistant to pests and nitrogen. There is no fear of causing low fermentation. In particular, the use of expanded chaff pellets during house or greenhouse cultivation can reduce or prevent damage and serial damage such as house sickness.

Figure 2 is a device for manufacturing bulge chaff pellets shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

The rice husks of the rice husk hopper 2 and the rice hull of the rice hopper storage tank 4 and the conveying conveyor 6 and the bucket conveyor 8 which transfer the rice husk of the rice hopper 2 to the rice hull storage tank 4 Pellet manufacturing apparatus provided with a conveying conveyor (12) for feeding to the swelling device (10), a water supply tank (14) for supplying water to the swelling device (10), and a swelled rice husk mixer (16) ( 18) a conveying conveyor (20) and (22) for conveying and pelletizing, a gate valve (24) for selectively discharging the expanded chaff into a pellet manufacturing device (18) or a chaff of chaff, and packing the chaff into predetermined units The conveying conveyor 26 to be transported to the expanded rice husk packing unit, the rice bran supply device 28 to supply the rice bran to the conveying conveyor 26 to be mixed with the expanded chaff, and to the pellet manufacturing device 18 And / or transfer the expanded chaff pellets into a water tank (30) for supplying water, and a Sharm (32) for separating and discharging the expanded chaff pellets and their powder. The bucket conveyor 34, the cooling device 36 for cooling the expanded chaff pellets to room temperature, the air blower 38 for cooling the heat of the cooling device 36, and the expanded chaff pellets discharged from the cooling device 36 And the bucket conveyor 46 for conveying to the meter 40 and the tone bag packer 44 which measure the sharm 40 which isolate | separates the powder, the chaff pellets discharged from the sharm 40 to a predetermined amount, and a predetermined amount, It is composed of a packing machine 48 for automatically wrapping the weighed rice hull pellets, and a controller 50 for controlling the whole rice hull production device.

The swelling device 10 rotates a short screw at a high speed so that the chaff moisture is introduced into 20% to 25% at high speed, so that the moisture in the barrel is 120 ° C. to 160 by compression heat and frictional heat due to layer rolling. When it is released into the air at ℃ ℃, the volume increases due to the rapid pressure change, the chaff tissue is destroyed and softened, the pores between the tissues become large, and water absorption is improved. At this time, the compression force in the barrel is 6Kg / cm ³ or more.

In addition, the pellet manufacturing apparatus 18 may use a millstone type or a screw type, and in the case of the millstone type, the extrusion part in which the extruded holes are formed is rotated and the cutter is fixed, and the screw type is configured to rotate the cutter, or The extrusion unit and the cutter are configured to rotate in opposite directions, and the dumped chaff pellets that are ejected and molded are packed in a small package, a medium package, and a large package (ton bag packaging) in the packaging step.

The rice bran supply device 28 is a pelletized shape of the expanded rice bran extruded by mixing the rice bran (bold rice bran) of 20% to 40% by weight in the expanded chaff is formed and maintained well, by the water-flow device 30 As the water content of the expanded chaff introduced into the pellet manufacturing device 18 is 20% to 25% of water, the rice bran acts as a glue, and the chaffs stick together or adhere to each other, thereby forming a good shape of the expanded chaff pellets. That is, the rice bran is aged by water and / or steam and acts as a pool, so that the rice husks are not only adhered (attached) but also extruded at high pressure, so that the pellet forming is better.

The Sharm 32, 40 is a screen mesh of about 6 mesh ~ 8 mesh is installed to be inclined to separate the bulge chaff pellets and powder (including crumbs), and the collected pellet powder is re-injected into the pellet manufacturing apparatus pellets This prevents the waste of bulge chaff.

The cooling device 36 is a tubular structure in which an inlet is formed in the upper part of the cylinder and a discharge gate is installed in the lower part of the cylinder. An upper limit level switch (or an upper limit level sensor) for controlling an actuator for opening and closing the discharge gate is provided in the upper part of the cylinder. It is installed to detect the inflowing chaff pellets, and when the inflow of chaff pellets flowing into the inlet above the upper limit level, the upper limit level switch detects this and operates the actuator to open the discharge gate, thus expanding the lower part of the cylinder. The rice hull pellets fall under the discharge gate.

The discharge gate is constituted by a pair of gates reciprocating horizontally, and each gate is arranged by horizontally arranging rods or plates so that discharge gaps through which the chaff pellets can sufficiently pass are maintained. If the discharge gap is connected up and down so that the expanded chaff pellets fall down through the discharge gap, if the discharge gap is displaced, the expanded chaff pellets are configured to prevent the external air from falling down. The expanded chaff pellets are cooled as they naturally flow up into the cylinder through the discharge gap, and the blown chaff pellets are quickly discharged by the air blower 38 and the expanded chaff pellets are stagnated for about 20 to 40 minutes within the cylinder. Cool to room temperature.

The small size unit of the expanded rice husk pellets by installing a gate valve at the rear end of the meter 42 and the bucket conveyor 46 to weigh the expanded rice husk pellet discharged from the cooling device 36 to a predetermined amount. It can be weighed and packaged in a large quantity, or packed in a large package (ton bag packaging).

In addition, when the gate valve 24 is connected to the conveying conveyor 26 so that only the expanded chaff can be discharged and packed, the chaff is moved to the expanded chaff package, and the discharged chaff is a small package, a medium package, and a large package (ton bag packaging). Just wrap it.

In the present invention, by maintaining a temperature suitable for the survival of the microorganisms contained in the rice husk pellets it is possible to continue to survive in the process of manufacturing the pellets.

In addition, the present invention chaff pellets can be used as a soil improver (soil balance maintenance), soil improver by increasing the organic matter by the microbial activity.

In the present invention, when mixing the rice bran, a predetermined amount of enzyme may be added and mixed so as to add a nitrogen component as required by the user.

In the present invention, but the pelletized chaff chaff is an example, of course, instead of the chaff chaff can be pelletized by mixing a predetermined amount of rice bran in crushed chaff.

As described above, the present invention can be variously modified and changed without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is not limited to the drawings shown.

The present invention constituted as described above is made by expanding the rice husk and mixing the rice bran to soften the tissue and absorb the nitrogen and moisture well to be a good compost, because the pellet of the predetermined shape size is extruded by the rice bran mixing, transportation, storage and fertilization Not only does it work well, it does not fly like chaff or pollutes the environment, which is environmentally friendly.

Claims (4)

In the method of preparing chaff pellets by adding chaff and water to the expansion device to obtain a chaff chaff, then mixing the rice bran, extrusion and cooling; A step of obtaining steamed chaff maintained at a water content of 20% to 25% by injecting steam at 100 ° C. to 120 ° C. into the chaff which is introduced into the expanding device. Extruding with the apparatus, separating the expanded chaff pellets and the pellet powder generated in the extrusion step, separating the pellet powder generated in the step of cooling the expanded chaff pellets, the extrusion molding step and the pellets A method for preparing expanded chaff pellets, comprising the steps of extruding the pellet powder separated in the cooling step into a pellet manufacturing apparatus. delete delete A swelling device for swelling the rice husk to be introduced, a water supply tank for supplying water to the swelling device, a conveying conveyor for transporting the swelled chaff to a pellet manufacturing device, and the rice bran is fed by the feeding conveyor A rice bran feeding device for mixing with chaff, a pellet manufacturing apparatus for extruding the expanded chaff mixed with rice bran to obtain expanded chaff pellets, a cooling device for cooling the extruded chaff pellets, and the cooled chaff pellets In constructing an inflated rice hull manufacturing apparatus for measuring and packaging; When the cold chaff pellets discharged from the pellet manufacturing device 18 and the charm 32 separating and discharging the powder and the chaff pellets discharged from the pellet production device 18 are cooled by a cooling device 36. Expanded rice husk pellets consisting of chaff pellets separated from the chaff pellets and their powders, and a conveying conveyor for inputting the pellet powder separated and discharged by the charms 32 and 40 into the pellet manufacturing apparatus 18. Manufacturing equipment.

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