KR100693464B1 - A equipment for automatic process technology of reclaimed fuel oil production from continuous pyrolysis of plastic and oil waste - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for automatically producing regenerated fuel oil using mixed waste plastics and waste oil is provided to mass-produce regenerated fuel oil stably and continuously by simultaneously pyrolyzing mixed waste plastics, waste oil or a mixture thereof, and minimize an environmental problem caused by the generation of large quantities of harmful gas and waste by solving a difficult problem of the continuous operation due to a high boiling point material in a conventional process. A system for automatically producing regenerated fuel oil using mixed waste plastics and waste oil comprises: a melting process means which uses a heater(12-1) of the melting furnace as a heat source of a melting furnace(6) and uses a non-reacted high boiling point material as a subsidiary heat source; a continuous circulating reaction process means for transferring a high boiling point reactant to a constant stirred tank reactor by a high temperature pump(11-2) to pyrolyze the high boiling point reactant, and transferring non-pyrolyzed reactant of the constant stirred tank reactor to a tubular pyrolysis reactor(7) installed within a heat-source supplying fire heater(8) to pyrolyze the non-pyrolyzed reactant again; a gas-liquid separating process means comprising a pyrolysis product fractionation and recirculation process means for transferring a pyrolysis product to a gas-liquid separator(9) to transfer a low boiling point product to a distillation column(10) and recirculate a high boiling point product to the constant stirred tank reactor; and a distillation process means comprising a plurality of discharge ports vertically formed on the distillation column to obtain a low boiling point regenerated fuel oil from upper discharge ports and obtain a high boiling point regenerated fuel oil from lower discharge ports.

Description

{A Equipment for Automatic Process Technology of Reclaimed Fuel Oil Production from Continuous Pyrolysis of Plastic and Oil Waste}

  1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an entire renewable fuel oil production line according to the present invention.

*** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings ***

1: Raw material storage tank 2: Conveyor system

3: quantitative hopper 4: valve

5: screw-type dosing device 6: melting tank

7: tubular pyrolysis reaction 8: fire heater

9: gas-liquid separation 10: distillation column

11-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Transfer pump 12-1,2,3 Heater

13: heavy oil storage tank 14, etc., diesel storage tank

15 gasoline storage tank 16-1,2 product separation tank

17: final storage tank 18: vacuum pump

19-1,19-2: Browner 20-1,20-2,20-3,20-4: Cooler

21 waste gas treatment device 22 waste oil storage tank

23: sludge treatment reactor

The present invention is a device for processing a wide range of raw material conditions of the reaction raw material to produce renewable fuel oil by pyrolyzing the mixed waste plastic containing PVC and liquid waste oil which causes environmental problems at the same time, the process can be automated continuous operation For renewable fuel oil automated production equipment.

Increasing the production of polymer materials composed of hydrocarbons such as plastics and lubricating oils, which are used for various purposes, has also caused serious social problems due to environmental pollution due to an increase in the amount of wastes discarded after its use. Waste plastics have recently been generated in millions of tons per year, most of which are disposed of by landfilling and incineration, but gradually landfilling is impossible and incineration also causes environmental problems such as air pollution, requiring alternative recycling methods. As a simple recycling method, the material recycling method is limited to some value-added items, and many of them are economically difficult and are expected to be increasingly difficult. In addition, since the collection form of waste is collected in a mixed form, it is expected to be more difficult to recycle materials for pure materials. Thus, alternative fuel oil is produced by simple pretreatment and chemical treatment of the collected materials. This is an advantageous approach. In the case of waste oil, the amount of waste oil that is disposed of in automobiles, agricultural machinery, etc. is enormous amount of more than one million drums per year, but some are recovered and recycled, but are not converted to high value-added materials. In particular, considering the domestic situation in which there is no petroleum resource and the penetration rate of alternative energy should be greatly increased in the era of high oil prices, pyrolysis and emulsification technology of waste plastic and waste oil polymer material may be a very good resource plan as a representative chemical treatment method.

Hybrid waste plastics have difficulty in batch pyrolysis due to mixing not only a small amount of PVC, which is an environmental problem, but also plastics with different pyrolysis characteristics, and among the materials produced during the primary melting process and the secondary decomposition process in process stable operation. The inclusion of large amounts of high boiling point materials causes significant impediments to continuous operation.

As described above, in order to solve the problem of conventional thermal decomposition of mixed waste plastics, it is difficult to carry out a batch continuous process by mixing liquid waste oil into the mixed waste plastics and thermally decomposing them to assist in melting and pyrolysis of the mixed waste plastics. The present invention has been made in view of the smooth operation of the present invention, an object of the present invention is to stably and continuously mass-produce high-calorie renewable fuel oils by pyrolysis of mixed waste plastics or waste oils and these two components simultaneously. To provide a system, it is possible to solve the difficulty of continuous operation by high boiling point materials in the existing process, and to enable stable and continuous operation by automation that can minimize environmental problems caused by the generation of harmful air and large quantities of waste. It is intended to provide the latest device of scale, which has its characteristics.

Recycling fuel oil automated production equipment using mixed waste plastic and waste oil according to the present invention is largely a raw material input portion for inputting the mixed waste plastic and waste oil, melted input raw material reactant portion, waste gas treatment portion generated in the furnace, circulating pyrolysis portion, The product consists of a gas-liquid separator, a distillation column and other storage tanks and pumps.

Briefly describing the technical part of the entire process of the production facility according to the present invention.

Solid waste plastics, which are target raw materials, and liquid waste oil, which are liquid phases, are easily added using different input devices depending on the amount of production, operating conditions, and characteristics of the product. Although waste plastic or waste oil can be treated alone, adding waste oil to the waste plastic treatment process can reduce the process operation time due to excellent heat transfer by waste oil, and also by continuous high volume of viscous substances generated during the decomposition of waste plastic. Disorders of driving are considerably solved by adding low viscosity waste oil.

When the reaction raw materials are introduced into the melting tank, the polymer reactants are melted by providing heat by direct or indirect methods such as the electric furnace or the gas heat of the melting tank itself, but the residence time of the reactants is long and the economical efficiency of commercial plants is low due to the considerable energy required. . Therefore, the residence time of the reactants in the molten bath can be considerably shortened by recycling the unreacted high boiling point material generated at the bottom of the continuous mixing tank decomposition reactor or the distillation column as a heat source for rapid melting.

Since the reaction temperature of the melting tank is about 200-300 ° C., only PVC, which causes a lot of environmental problems in the mixed waste plastic, is easily decomposed, and a small amount of water contained in the waste oil can be evaporated. These inefficient materials are previously removed from the melting bath, which is required to be neutralized to remove harmful gases in the exhaust gases as they are exhausted along with the gases produced during the decomposition of some waste plastics.

The reactants, which are sufficiently melted in the melting tank, are mixed by means of an impeller using a pump for decomposition and transferred to a high temperature continuous sired tank reactor in which the decomposition reaction of the reactants takes place while heated to about 400 ° C. Since the reactants are not sufficiently decomposed in the continuous mixing tank cracking reactor, a tubular cracking reactor is formed in which a pipe through which the reactant flows is spirally wound around the inner wall using a pump to form a tubular cracking reactor, and heat is supplied into the tubular cracking reactor. The decomposition reaction takes place after being introduced into the tubular decomposition reactor of the heater. The low-boiling high-boiling products in these products are circulated for re-decomposition, which is an effective way of causing the decomposition reaction to the desired material.

The final decomposition products obtained by decomposition in the tubular reactor installed inside the fire heater have a wide molecular weight distribution from high boiling point product to low boiling point product, so that the gas-liquid separator is required at the pre-distillation stage for smooth distillation in the distillation column. do. The gas-liquid separator is returned to the continuous mixed tank cracking reactor to produce a high boiling point product of low boiling point product, and the decomposition reaction takes place again, and the gas product of a relatively low boiling point product having high utilization value is moved to a distillation column and distilled. .

The distillation column can meet the demands of the users by changing the operating conditions of the distillation column, but by installing several outlets in the middle of the distillation column, among them, the structure can be easily obtained by easily opening the outlet, The high boiling point unreacted material generated at the bottom of the distillation column is used as a heat source of the melting tank by using a pump.

The gas generated from the melting tank and the decomposition reactor is provided as fuel of the fire heater, and if the amount of heat is insufficient, it is an economical process that minimizes fuel costs by using the generated recycled fuel oil as a fuel that is generated by itself. .

In the continuous operation of the process, unreacted residues periodically discharged from the continuous mixed tank cracking reactor are continuously reprocessed in the sludge treatment reactor to increase the oil production yield and provide a system for minimizing secondary waste.

Alternative fuel oil automated production equipment using a mixed waste plastic according to the present invention having the configuration as described above will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

However, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims are regarded as concepts selected by the inventors as the best way to explain the present invention and the meanings consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention in grasping the technical contents of the present invention. It should be properly interpreted as a concept.

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for an automated fuel oil production plant using mixed waste plastic and waste oil according to the present invention.

First, a raw material input process means for injecting solid waste plastics and liquid waste oil into a melting tank is provided.

Solid waste material, which is the target raw material, is stored in the storage tank 1 with a usable amount for 2-3 days in a state of being crushed into small pieces (several millimeters), and a quantitative device (through a conveying conveyor 2) 3) After quantitative determination, a certain amount of mixed waste plastic is periodically input to the melting tank 6 through the skews 5 provided with a heating or cooling system.

On the other hand, the liquid waste oil is fed into the waste tank 6 at a desired flow rate directly through the oil feed pipe using a metering pump 11-4 in the waste oil storage tank 22 unlike the solid waste plastic input device.

They are put into the melting tank 6 individually or simultaneously according to the amount of raw materials collected, desired experimental conditions, product quality, and the like, to perform the experiment.

Secondly, there is provided a melting process means for heating and melting the raw materials of the liquid phase and the solid introduced into the melting furnace.

The injected mixed waste plastic and the waste oil may be melted in the melting furnace 6 heated by the self-heater 12-1 for complete melting, but sufficient heat is not provided, which is a high temperature of the tubular pyrolysis reactor 7 described later. The high boiling point reactant and the high boiling point reactant collected at the bottom of the distillation column 10 are recycled to the melting tank 6 through pumps 11-3 and 11-5 to provide the heat source of the melting tank 6. By maintaining the temperature of about 200-350 ℃ to easily melt the reactants.

During the melting process, the chlorine gas generated by PVC and the water contained in the waste oil must be removed at the same time.

These product gases pass through a cooler 20-4 and collect a high carbon product in water and gas in the product separation tank 16-2, and the low molecular gas product is neutralized of the waste gas via the blower 19-2. After neutralization in the waste gas treatment reactor 21 carrying out the process, the final gas product is provided to a fire heater 8 for providing a heat source.

Third, there is provided a pyrolysis process means for decomposing the molten reactant in the alternative fuel oil.

The reactant sufficiently melted in the melting tank 6 is transferred from the melting tank 6 to the metering pump 11-1 at a high temperature in the rotary continuous mixing tank decomposition reactor 7 to decompose into alternative fuel oil at around 400 ° C. Decomposition, but not enough during the desired dwell time, is additionally carried out by a tubular reactor with several tens of meters of pipe installed inside the wire Peter (8). The tubular reactor is placed inside the heat heater providing fire heater (8), the reactants are transferred using the high temperature pump (11-2), and the amount of fuel is controlled by controlling the temperature of the fire heater (8). The temperature is to be determined.

Here, the heat of the reactants in the decomposition process is transmitted to the continuous mixing tank decomposition reactor (7) consists of a cyclic decomposition reaction system in which the decomposition reaction occurs again.

Fourth, the gas-liquid separation process means for separating the decomposition product from the tubular reactor according to the physical properties is provided.

Since the more decomposed reactants in the tubular reactor have a wide distribution of molecular weight, they pass through the gas-liquid separator (9) that separates the low and high boiling products into the distillation column (10) and the high value added The low boiling point product is returned to the tubular reactor of the Fire heater 8 for re-decomposition reaction.

After decomposition in the tubular cracking reactor, pyrolysis incompatible material (sludge) including inorganic matter accumulated in the tubular reactor is concentrated and discharged to the sludge treatment reactor 23 periodically. The sludge treatment reactor is periodically collected and then treated with a temperature program that raises it step by step up to 450 ℃ or higher. After confirming that no oil is produced from the sludge, the residue is discharged to the outside and the resulting oil is collected in an oil storage tank.

Fifth, a relatively low boiling product sorted from the gas-liquid separator is sent to a distillation column and provided with distillation process means for distilling to a desired property.

The structure of the distillation column 10 is provided with an outlet in the middle of the distillation column so that the product can be obtained according to the demand of the consumer, but basically, the structure has a structure of obtaining a low boiling point product at the top and a more high boiling point product in the middle. . These products are collected in storage tanks 14 and 15 via coolers 20-1 and 20-2 and stored in final tanks by transfer pumps 11-7. However, the product obtained at the top of the distillation column passes through the cooler 20-2 according to the distillation conditions of the distillation column, and then re-injects the desired amount to the top of the distillation column with a recycle metering pump 11-6, and the rest is sent to the storage tank. In addition, the heater 12-3 is installed at the bottom of the distillation column to have a temperature gradient of the distillation column, and the high-boiling unreacted material, which is not distilled, is collected in the storage tank 13 installed at the bottom through the valve, and then the pump 11 -5) to the heat source of the melting bath. The distillation column is operated at a pressure slightly lower than atmospheric pressure by a blower installed at the rear end of the distillation column, and the pressure can be adjusted according to the opening and closing degree of the valve.

According to the present invention, it is a state-of-the-art device having high oil yield and high performance, capable of continuously producing alternative fuel oils by an automated process capable of treating only mixed waste plastics or waste oils and both materials simultaneously. In addition, the device is eco-friendly, which neutralizes the generated hazardous waste gas and uses it as fuel, and minimizes solid waste by reprocessing the discharged sludge.

Claims (3)

    The reaction raw material is a device for recovering regenerated fuel oil by simultaneously processing solid waste plastic and liquid waste oil, that is, melting, pyrolysis and distillation. Melting process for transporting the unreacted high boiling point material generated at the bottom of the distillation column and the tubular cracking reactor in the fire heater, which will be described later, in addition to its own heater, as a heat source of the melting furnace for rapid melting of the solid waste plastic and liquid waste oil. Sudan, For the pyrolysis of the reactants obtained by the melting process means, the high-boiling reactants are transferred to a continuous mixing tank decomposition reactor with a high temperature pump and decomposed, and the undecomposed reactants, which do not decompose, are several tens of meters of tubular reactors installed inside a heat heater for supplying a heat source. Continuous circulation reaction means for pyrolysis to be sent to The pyrolysis product is transferred to the gas-liquid separator with a wide molecular weight distribution, which is classified into low boiling point product and high boiling point product so that the low boiling point product is sent to the distillation column, and the high boiling point product is recycled to the continuous mixing tank cracking reactor for decomposition and at the same time load Gas-liquid separation process means, including lowering decomposition product sorting and recycling process means, The relatively low-boiling products classified from the gas-liquid separator are sent to the distillation column to distill to desired properties, forming a plurality of outlets in the distillation column up and down, and reboiling fuel oil having a lower boiling point in the upper outlet and higher boiling point in the lower outlet. Recycling fuel oil automated production equipment using mixed waste plastic and waste oil consisting of distillation process means to obtain.    The mixed waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the reaction raw material is fed into the melting furnace in a solid state by a screw in the case of the solid-phase mixed waste plastic, and the liquid waste oil is fed into the melting furnace with a metering pump as needed with a metering pump. Automated production of recycled fuel oil using waste oil.    The method of claim 1, wherein the chlorine gas produced by the mixed waste plastic PVC in the melting furnace and the water contained in the waste oil is cooled in a cooler to separate the water in the product separation tank and trap the high-carbon product in the gas, low molecular gas The product is transferred to a waste gas treatment reactor which performs the neutralization process of waste gas through a blower, and after the neutralization, the final gas product is a recycled fuel oil automated production facility using mixed waste plastic and waste oil provided as a heat source of a fire heater for providing a heat source. .

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