KR100692948B1 - Pm reduction method of dpf system using plasma reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

A particulate material reduction method of a DPF(Diesel Particulate Filter) system using a plasma reactor is provided to effectively oxidizing exhaust gas by reforming liquid fuel supplied from a storage source into a material having hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a main component and supplying the reformed material to a filter. A plasma reactor(50) is arranged on a flow passage of exhaust gas flowing from an engine(20) to a filter(30) so that the plasma reactor receives exhaust gas, performs a plasma reaction, and discharges the exhaust gas toward the filter. The plasma reactor includes a main body, an electrode, and a liquid fuel injection unit. The main body includes a hollow reaction furnace with an outlet port and a gas inlet port(63), and a base having a mixing chamber communicated to the reaction furnace through an inlet hole formed at the reaction furnace. The electrode is fixed at the base and protruded from the reaction furnace, and has an interior with a heat absorption chamber communicated to the mixing chamber. The liquid fuel injection unit is fixed at the main body so as to supply liquid fuel to the heat absorption chamber of the electrode.

Description

PM Reduction Method of DPF System using Plasma Reactor

1 is a schematic view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to the present invention,

5 is a sectional view showing a fluid flow in the plasma reactor according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: storage source 20: engine

30: filter 35: oxidation catalyst

40: moving pipe 45: branch pipe

47: supply pipe

50: plasma reactor 60: body

61: reactor 62: outlet

63: gas inlet 64: endothermic furnace

65: base 67: mixing chamber

68: inflow hole 70: electrode

75: endothermic chamber 80: liquid fuel injection mechanism

81: liquid fuel supply pipe 82: gas supply pipe

The present invention relates to a method for reducing PM using a plasma reactor in a DPF system, and more particularly, to a plasma that ensures rapid operability of exhaust gas flowing through a filter in a DPF system for removing particulate matter from exhaust gas discharged from an engine. Heating to the reactor has the effect of allowing the exhaust gases to be oxidized and removed more quickly and effectively in the filter, and furthermore, liquid and partially supplied fuel from the storage source can be first oxidized in the filter by the plasma reactor and hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Is modified into a pre-oxide which is a main component and then supplied to the filter side, thereby creating a favorable condition for the oxidation of particulate matter trapped in the exhaust gas by oxidation of the pre-oxide, and thus collecting the Effectively oxidize particulate matter In the DPF system having the advantage that can be promoted, as well as having a structure that can improve the mixing between the gas and the liquid supplied to the plasma reactor, such that the reliable operation of the entire apparatus is ensured It relates to a PM reduction method using a plasma reactor.

PM (particulate matter), which collectively refers to particulate matter in automobile exhaust gas, is usually mainly emitted from a diesel engine. When the diesel engine is combusted, the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at a high pressure for a very short time, so that a local rich zone is generated and a large amount of soot is generated. The size of PM is mostly a small diameter and contains a large amount of soluble organic matter in addition to the carbon particles. Recently, a study on human hazards is underway due to reports of the cause of lung cancer.

On the other hand, DPF system is a technology that captures and burns PM discharged from diesel engine, and it is a good technology that can reduce PM more than 80%, but it has a disadvantage of high price and durability verification. DPF technology is largely classified into PM capture, regeneration and control technology.

In the DPF system, various types of filters have been proposed and studied because the shape and the material of the filter greatly affect the performance.

There are two types of active and passive methods depending on how PMs are collected during the regeneration of DPF. Forced regeneration is a method of forced heating using an electric heater, burner, throttling, etc. for regeneration. Natural regeneration is a method of regenerating by additives or oxidation catalyst using the heat of exhaust gas.

In the case of vehicles mainly operating in the city, the engine exhaust gas temperature is low, so the desired performance can not be achieved only by the natural regeneration method.

However, when the forced regeneration of the electric heater has a disadvantage that the value of the power required is too large. The technique using the burner has a disadvantage in that the device structure is simple, but the use of oxygen in the exhaust gas makes it difficult to control the operation according to the oxygen conditions in the exhaust gas depending on the operating conditions. The throttling or injection of fuel additives lowers the PM oxidation temperature in the catalyst, but requires the attachment of a device for forced throttling to the intake / exhaust pipe and the possibility of secondary contamination by additives. do.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to ensure the rapid operation of the exhaust gas to the filter in the DPF system for removing particulate matter from the exhaust gas discharged from the engine The present invention provides a method for reducing PM using a plasma reactor in a DPF system in which particulate matter trapped in the exhaust gas is rapidly and effectively oxidized and removed from a filter by heating with a plasma reactor.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to be supplied to the filter side after the liquid fuel partially supplied from the storage source is reformed into a pre-oxide material of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which can be first oxidized in the filter by a plasma reactor. And a plasma reactor in a DPF system which can create conditions favorable for the oxidation of particulate matter trapped in the exhaust gas by the oxidation of the preoxide and thus can effectively promote oxidation of particulate matter trapped in the exhaust gas. It is to provide a PM reduction method used.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to use a plasma reactor in the DPF system to ensure a reliable operation of the entire device by having a structure that can improve the mixing between the gas and liquid supplied to the plasma reactor as described above It is to provide a method for reducing PM.

The present invention provides a diesel particulate filter (DPF) for oxidizing and removing particulate matter in the exhaust gas through the oxidation catalyst by moving exhaust gas discharged from an engine that receives hydrocarbon-based fuel from a storage source to a filter including an oxidation catalyst. By applying a plasma reactor to the system. Such a present invention will be more clearly described through the following various embodiments.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1 is a schematic view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the present embodiment is a plasma reactor 50 for receiving the exhaust gas on the path of the exhaust gas moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30 side in the DPF system by plasma reaction to discharge to the filter side By installing the exhaust gas is heated by the plasma reaction to be moved to the filter 30. That is, in the present embodiment, the plasma reactor 50 receives the exhaust gas, heats it, and then moves it to the filter 30 so that the exhaust gas can be oxidized in the oxidation catalyst 35 of the filter 30. It is to be maintained at a high temperature favorable for oxidation.

Example 2

2 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, in the present embodiment, in the DPF system as in the above-described embodiment, the storage source (at the same time as the exhaust gas is partially supplied on the path of the exhaust gas moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30 side). Plasma reactors 50 are installed in parallel so as to receive hydrocarbon-based fuel from 10).

Accordingly, the supplied exhaust gas is heated by a plasma reaction, and the fuel supplied together with the exhaust gas is plasma-reacted with oxygen (O 2) contained in the exhaust gas, whereby hydrogen and carbon monoxide are the main components. Allow to be modified with preoxide.

Here, the preoxide may be exemplified by hydrogen (H 2) as a material that can be oxidized at a relatively low temperature than the exhaust gas. The hydrogen may be obtained by reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel and oxygen supplied to the plasma reactor 50.

The preoxide produced as described above is moved to the filter 30 so that the region where the oxidation catalyst 35 of the filter 30 is located is heated by the oxidation of the preoxide.

That is, according to this embodiment, the exhaust gas is moved to the filter 30 in a state where the exhaust gas is heated by the plasma reaction in the plasma reactor 50 to heat the oxidation catalyst 35 region of the filter 30. Simultaneously with the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 in the plasma reactor 50 and the linear oxide produced by the reforming reaction of oxygen contained in the exhaust gas to the filter 30, thereby, In the oxidation catalyst 35 of the filter 30, the oxidation is first performed by the preoxide, so that the region of the oxidation catalyst 35 is heated (at a temperature favorable for oxidation of particulate matter collected in the exhaust gas). Oxidation of the exhaust gas is promoted.

Example 3

3 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, in this embodiment

The outlet 62 of the plasma reactor 50 receives the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 and reforms the supplied fuel into a pre-oxide which can be oxidized at a relatively lower temperature than the exhaust gas by a plasma reaction. It is connected to the path of the exhaust gas moved from the engine 20 to the filter side.

Here, of course, the plasma reactor 50 must be supplied simultaneously with oxygen or air required for reforming the hydrocarbon-based fuel.

The pre-oxide produced through the plasma reactor 50 is moved to the filter 30 through the outlet 62 to be oxidized first in the oxidation catalyst 35 of the filter 30, and thus the oxidation catalyst. The region in which 35 is located is raised to a temperature favorable for oxidation of the exhaust gas.

As the preoxide in this embodiment, hydrogen (H 2) can be applied as in the above-described embodiment.

On the other hand, the plasma reactor 50 applied to the DPF system such as the above embodiments, in particular, the rapid and effective mixing between the incoming gas and the liquid should be ensured, which is possible by the following configuration.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the plasma reactor presented in accordance with the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a plasma reactor according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a fluid flow in the plasma reactor according to the present invention.

The plasma reactor 50 is largely composed of a body 60, an electrode 70, liquid fuel injection means.

The body 60 is composed of the reactor 61 and the base 65 again.

The reactor 61 is made of a hollow to form a substantially cylindrical, one side is formed with a discharge port 62 for discharging the reacted material after the plasma reaction. Here, a gas inlet 63 for introducing gas into the reactor 61 is formed, and inside the wall forming the thickness of the reactor 61 is introduced from the gas inlet 63 An endothermic path 64 is formed to absorb heat while the gas moves along the circumferential direction. The endothermic path 64 is formed along a circumferential direction of the reactor 61 in a substantially coil shape.

The base 65 forms the bottom surface of the reactor 61, and a predetermined volume mixing chamber 67 is formed therein. The mixing chamber 67 communicates with the endothermic furnace 64 formed on the wall of the reactor 61, and at the same time, the reactor 61 through an inlet hole 68 formed in the reactor 61. It is also in communication with the inside of. In this case, the inflow hole 68 is preferably formed in a form inclined to a normal line of the inner wall of the reactor 61, that is, a so-called swirl structure.

In the above-described configuration, the reactor 61 and the base 65 may be integrally formed, or may be separately formed and coupled to each other. However, the base 65 should include an insulator (not shown) such as ceramics to prevent the lower end of the electrode 70 to be energized with the reactor 61.

The electrode 70 is for forming a discharge voltage for the plasma reaction in the reactor 61, for this purpose is fixed to the base 65 in a form spaced apart from the inner wall of the reactor 61, It protrudes on the reactor 61. The electrode 70 has a substantially conical shape, and communicates with the mixing chamber 67 therein, and the endothermic chamber 75 in which the liquid fuel supplied from the liquid fuel injection means, which will be described later, is introduced and temporarily stays Is formed.

The liquid fuel spraying means is fixed to the body 60 to supply liquid fuel onto the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70. In this case, the liquid fuel spraying means supplies gas together with liquid fuel. Directly injecting liquid fuel onto the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 for ejecting the liquid fuel onto the endothermic chamber 75 or the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70 by the movement force of the gas supplied thereto. Injectors (not shown) may be applied.

In the drawings, the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 is applied as the liquid fuel injection means.

That is, the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 is provided with a liquid fuel supply pipe 81 for supplying liquid fuel and a gas supply pipe 82 for communicating gas with an external gas supply source separately from the liquid fuel supply pipe 81. The liquid fuel and the gas is introduced at the same time, and the side from which the introduced liquid fuel and the gas is ejected is configured to face the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode.

Looking at the operation of the plasma reactor 50 in more detail, the plasma reactor 50 receives the liquid fuel through the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 and at the same time the gas inlet for the air or exhaust gas containing oxygen (O ₂ ) Inflow through (63). Here, the introduced air is moved to the mixing chamber 67 in a state where the temperature is sufficiently raised and activated through the endothermic path 64. In addition, the liquid fuel moved to the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70 through the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 absorbs heat on the endothermic chamber 75 to be vaporized and activated in the mixed chamber 67. The mixture is mixed with air on the mixing chamber 67 and then introduced into the reactor 61 through the inlet hole 68.

As described above, it can be seen that the supplied air and the liquid fuel are introduced into the reactor 61 after being sufficiently mixed in the mixing chamber 67. In addition, the liquid fuel is ejected directly from the endothermic chamber 75, and the liquid fuel is prevented from directly contacting the outer surface of the electrode 70, so that wetting and coking of the liquid fuel are prevented. Is prevented. In addition, the liquid fuel absorbing heat on the endothermic chamber 75 is immediately mixed with air in the mixing chamber 67 is to prevent the phenomenon that the liquid fuel is liquefied during movement.

On the other hand, the mixed fuel composed of liquid fuel and air supplied into the reactor through the inlet hole 68 in the mixing chamber 67 is relative to the volume according to the characteristic structure of the inlet hole 68 and the electrode 70 Plasma reaction with high efficiency. That is, according to the present invention, the electrode 70 has a conical shape and the inflow hole 68 is formed in a swirl structure so that the mixed fuel flowing through the inflow hole 68 is the circumference of the electrode 70. The plasma is continuously reacted along the direction.

On the other hand, looking at the structure of the plasma reactor is applied to the above embodiments,

First, in the first embodiment, the exhaust gas flowing through the gas inlet 63 of the plasma reactor 50 is supplied into the plasma reactor 50, and the supplied exhaust gas is heated by the plasma reaction and then the discharge port ( Through 62) it is discharged toward the filter 30 side.

At this time, the exhaust gas that is moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30 through the moving tube 40 passes through the plasma reactor 50.

Here, the liquid fuel to be added through the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 can be supplied, depending on the situation may not use the liquid fuel injection mechanism (80).

In addition, in the second embodiment, the plasma reactor 50 is connected in parallel on the path of the exhaust gas to receive a part of the exhaust gas through the gas inlet 63, and at the same time, it is stored through the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80. The hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel from the source 10 is supplied. At this time, the parallel connection of the plasma reactor 50 is possible by the branch pipe 45 is connected to the moving pipe 40 through which the exhaust gas is moved. Of course, the liquid fuel injection mechanism (80) should be connected to the storage source (10). In addition, when the liquid fuel supply through the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 is introduced into the gas to double the power output of the liquid fuel, wherein the gas may be supplied through an external source, the exhaust gas May be supplied. Figure shows that the gas is supplied to the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 from the outside. According to such a structure, the pre-oxide produced by the reforming reaction of the fuel in the plasma reactor 50 and discharged to the outlet 62 is moved to the moving tube 40 through the branch pipe 45 to the filter 30. Is headed.

In the third embodiment, the outlet 62 of the plasma reactor 50 is connected to the moving tube 40 through the supply pipe 47, and the liquid fuel injection mechanism 80 is connected to the storage source 10 to connect the plasma reactor 50. ) Hydrocarbon liquid fuel can be supplied inside. In addition, the gas inlet 63 allows the gas supplied from the outside to be introduced. Here, the gas introduced into the plasma reactor 50 may be oxygen (O 2) or air including the same as an oxidant for oxidizing the liquid fuel.

As described above, the present invention is a filter in the DPF system for removing particulate matter from the exhaust gas discharged from the engine by heating the exhaust gas to the plasma reactor that ensures fast operability to filter the exhaust gas filter It is effective to oxidize and remove more quickly and effectively.

In addition, the present invention is to supply the liquid fuel partially supplied from the storage source by the plasma reactor to be first oxidized in the filter hydrogen and carbon monoxide is modified to the pre-oxide material of the main component and then supplied to the filter side, By the oxidation of the cargo quality there is an advantage that can create a favorable condition for the oxidation of the exhaust gas, thereby effectively promoting the oxidation of the exhaust gas.

In addition, the present invention has a structure that can improve the mixing between the gas and the liquid supplied to the plasma reactor as described above, there is an effect that the reliable operation of the entire apparatus is guaranteed.

As a result, such a series of effects make it possible to effectively remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas which is a pollutant, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of benefiting the environment.

Claims (11)

The exhaust gas discharged from the engine 20 that receives the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 is moved to the filter 30 including the oxidation catalyst 35 to transfer particulate matter in the exhaust gas to the oxidation catalyst 35. In the DPF system that is oxidized and removed through Plasma reactor 50 that receives the exhaust gas on the path of the exhaust gas moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30 and plasma-reacts it to be discharged to the filter 30 is installed so that the exhaust gas is plasma. After being heated by the reaction to move to the filter 30, The plasma reactor 50 forms a hollow reactor 61 having an outlet 62 and a gas inlet 63 on one side thereof, and a bottom surface of the reactor 61, and inside the gas inlet 63. And a body 60 including a base 65 having a mixing chamber 67 formed therein and communicating with the inside of the reactor 61 through an inlet hole 68 formed in the reactor 61. ; In order to form a discharge voltage for the plasma reaction in the reactor 61 is fixed to the base 65 in a form spaced apart from the inner wall of the reactor 61 and protrudes on the reactor (61), An electrode 70 in which an additional liquid fuel is introduced and an endothermic chamber 75 communicating with the mixing chamber 67 is formed therein; PM reduction using the plasma reactor in the DPF system, characterized in that it comprises a liquid fuel injection means fixed to the body 60 to supply the liquid fuel added to the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70 Way. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine 20 that receives the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 is moved to the filter 30 including the oxidation catalyst 35 to transfer particulate matter in the exhaust gas through the oxidation catalyst. In a DPF system that is oxidized and removed, Plasma reactor 50 is installed to receive a portion of the exhaust gas from the engine 20 and the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 at the same time on the path of the exhaust gas moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30. The exhaust gas is heated by a plasma reaction and the fuel is reformed or combusted into a pre-oxide which can be oxidized at a relatively lower temperature than the exhaust gas by being plasma reacted with oxygen contained in the exhaust gas. After the movement to the filter 30, the area of the oxidation catalyst 35 of the filter 30 is heated by the oxidation of the preoxide material, PM reduction using a plasma reactor in the DPF system Way. The exhaust gas discharged from the engine 20 that receives the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 is moved to the filter 30 including the oxidation catalyst 35 to transfer particulate matter in the exhaust gas to the oxidation catalyst 35. In the DPF system that is oxidized and removed through The outlet 62 of the plasma reactor 50 receives the hydrocarbon-based fuel from the storage source 10 and reforms the supplied fuel into a pre-oxide which can be oxidized at a relatively lower temperature than the exhaust gas by a plasma reaction. It is connected to the passage of the exhaust gas which is moved from the engine 20 to the filter 30 side so that the region in which the oxidation catalyst of the filter 30 is located by the oxidation of the preoxide material, The plasma reactor 50 forms a hollow reactor 61 having an outlet 62 and a gas inlet 63 on one side thereof, and a bottom surface of the reactor 61, and inside the gas inlet 63. And a body 60 including a base 65 having a mixing chamber 67 formed therein and communicating with the inside of the reactor 61 through an inlet hole 68 formed in the reactor 61. ; In order to form a discharge voltage for the plasma reaction in the reactor 61 is fixed to the base 65 in a form spaced apart from the inner wall of the reactor 61 and protrudes on the reactor (61), An electrode 70 in which an additional liquid fuel is introduced and an endothermic chamber 75 communicating with the mixing chamber 67 is formed therein; PM reduction using the plasma reactor in the DPF system, characterized in that it comprises a liquid fuel injection means fixed to the body 60 to supply the liquid fuel added to the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70 Way. The method of claim 2 or 3, The preoxide material is a PM reduction method using a plasma reactor in a DPF system, characterized in that containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The method of claim 2, The plasma reactor 50 forms a hollow reactor 61 having an outlet 62 and a gas inlet 63 on one side thereof, and a bottom surface of the reactor 61, and inside the gas inlet 63. And a body 60 including a base 65 having a mixing chamber 67 formed therein and communicating with the inside of the reactor 61 through an inlet hole 68 formed in the reactor 61. ; In order to form a discharge voltage for the plasma reaction in the reactor 61 is fixed to the base 65 in a form spaced apart from the inner wall of the reactor 61 and protrudes on the reactor (61), An electrode 70 into which liquid fuel flows and an endothermic chamber 75 communicating with the mixing chamber 67; Liquid fuel injection means connected to the storage source 10 to supply liquid fuel from the storage source 10 onto the endothermic chamber 75 of the electrode 70 and fixed to the body 60; PM reduction method using a plasma reactor in the DPF system, characterized in that configured to include. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5, The reactor 61 is a DPF system, characterized in that the heat absorption path 64 is further formed inside the wall so as to absorb heat while the exhaust gas or inlet air flowing from the gas inlet 63 is moved. PM reduction method using plasma reactor. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5, The gas introduced from the gas inlet (63) is a PM reduction method using a plasma reactor in a DPF system, characterized in that the gas containing air or oxygen. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5, The electrode 70 has the shape of a cone, The inlet hole 68 is a mixed fuel formed by mixing the gas and liquid fuel on the mixing chamber 67 to form a rotational flow into the reactor (61) is along the outer peripheral surface of the electrode 70 PM reduction method using a plasma reactor in the DPF system, characterized in that formed so as to be inclined with a predetermined normal to the inner wall of the reactor (61) to proceed. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5, The liquid fuel injection means is a liquid fuel injection mechanism (80) for ejecting the liquid fuel onto the endothermic chamber (75) by the movement force of the gas supplied with the gas supplied with the liquid fuel in the DPF system PM reduction method using plasma reactor. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 3 or 5, The liquid fuel injection means is a PM reduction method using a plasma reactor in a DPF system, characterized in that the injector for directly injecting a liquid fuel on the endothermic chamber (75) of the electrode (70). delete

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