KR100689910B1 - Non-Aqueous Suspension Concentrate - Google Patents
Non-Aqueous Suspension Concentrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100689910B1 KR100689910B1 KR1020017003789A KR20017003789A KR100689910B1 KR 100689910 B1 KR100689910 B1 KR 100689910B1 KR 1020017003789 A KR1020017003789 A KR 1020017003789A KR 20017003789 A KR20017003789 A KR 20017003789A KR 100689910 B1 KR100689910 B1 KR 100689910B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- suspension concentrate
- group
- adjuvant
- dispersant
- compound
- Prior art date
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- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004546 suspension concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 alkyl lactates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001602 bicycloalkyls Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazolopyrimidine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2N=C3N=CN[N+]3=C(NCC=3C=CN=CC=3)C=2)=C1 YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920002257 Plurafac® Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 6
- CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyldecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)C CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OC JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical class CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940009868 aluminum magnesium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;magnesium;silicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] WMGSQTMJHBYJMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MZZBPDKVEFVLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanazine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)(C)C#N)=N1 MZZBPDKVEFVLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPHMISFOHDHNIV-FSZOTQKASA-N cycloheximide Chemical compound C1[C@@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)CC1CC(=O)NC(=O)C1 YPHMISFOHDHNIV-FSZOTQKASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M fentin hydroxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BFWMWWXRWVJXSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005645 nematicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbufos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSC(C)(C)C XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMYFCFLJBGAQRS-IAGOWNOFSA-N (2S,3R)-epoxiconazole Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1[C@]1(CN2N=CN=C2)[C@@H](C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)O1 ZMYFCFLJBGAQRS-IAGOWNOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-OLQVQODUSA-N (3ar,7as)-2-(trichloromethylsulfanyl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 LDVVMCZRFWMZSG-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N (E)-nitenpyram Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)/C=C(\NC)N(CC)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 CFRPSFYHXJZSBI-DHZHZOJOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNBTYORWCCMPQP-JXAWBTAJSA-N (Z)-dimethomorph Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)=C/C(=O)N1CCOCC1 QNBTYORWCCMPQP-JXAWBTAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUCHKBSVLQQCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanol Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)F)(O)CN1C=NC=N1 JWUCHKBSVLQQCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQDARGUHUSPFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(COC(F)(F)C(F)F)CN1C=NC=N1 LQDARGUHUSPFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIKWKLYQRFRGPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylguanidine acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCN=C(N)N YIKWKLYQRFRGPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- YUBCVMNXGPVXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C(O)=O)C1(Cl)Cl YUBCVMNXGPVXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloronaphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(=O)C2=C1 SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002794 2,4-DB Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005631 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OZSVBRVFXIOJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichloro-n-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1CNC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl OZSVBRVFXIOJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTOPFCCWCSOHFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-4-tridecylmorpholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN1CC(C)OC(C)C1 YTOPFCCWCSOHFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMIIPIFODONDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(O)(CCCC)CN1C=NC=N1 STMIIPIFODONDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUPJIGQFXCQJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-(methoxymethyl)nicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(COC)=CN=C1C1=NC(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)N1 NUPJIGQFXCQJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWHURBUBIHUHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 UWHURBUBIHUHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CABMTIJINOIHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-methyl-5-oxo-4-(propan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl]quinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)(C)N=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1C(O)=O CABMTIJINOIHOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHKBGVDUSSWOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-{2-chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-4-fluorophenyl}propanoic acid Chemical compound O=C1N(C(F)F)C(C)=NN1C1=CC(CC(Cl)C(O)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1F YHKBGVDUSSWOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGBSAJWRIPNIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-6-(furan-2-ylmethoxy)-4-(trichloromethyl)pyridine Chemical compound ClC1=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=CC(OCC=2OC=CC=2)=N1 OGBSAJWRIPNIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLYFCTQDENRSOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide Chemical compound COCC(C)N(C(=O)CCl)C=1C(C)=CSC=1C JLYFCTQDENRSOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N(C(C)COC)C(=O)CCl WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FECDACOUYKFOOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)O FECDACOUYKFOOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRDUSMYWDRPZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl 3-methylbut-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC(=O)C=C(C)C ZRDUSMYWDRPZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C=C(C#N)C=C1Br UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FSCWZHGZWWDELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione Chemical compound O=C1C(C)(C=C)OC(=O)N1C1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1 FSCWZHGZWWDELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 1
- QQOGZMUZAZWLJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[2-chloro-6-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-n-ethylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzamide Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)CC)=CC(OC=2C(=CC(=CC=2F)C(F)(F)F)Cl)=C1 QQOGZMUZAZWLJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJCBRGBHFJWHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-6-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-n-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C1=C(NCC(F)(F)F)N2N=CN=C2N=C1Cl QJCBRGBHFJWHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DVOODWOZJVJKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-tert-butyl-3-(2,4-dichloro-5-prop-2-ynoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one Chemical group O=C1OC(C(C)(C)C)=NN1C1=CC(OCC#C)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl DVOODWOZJVJKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VTNQPKFIQCLBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetochlor Chemical compound CCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1CC VTNQPKFIQCLBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005877 Alpha-Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- CTTHWASMBLQOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amidosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=N1 CTTHWASMBLQOFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triasulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OCCCl)=N1 XOPFESVZMSQIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazoxide Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2[N+]([O-])=NC=1N1C=CN=C1 IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribenuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(N(C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 BQZXUHDXIARLEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlopyr Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl REEQLXCGVXDJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 (a) 하나 이상의 작물 보호용 활성 화합물 50 내지 400 g/L, (b) 하나 이상의 보조제 50 내지 700 g/L, (c) 하나 이상의 유기 용매 75 내지 500 g/L, 및 (d) 하나 이상의 비이온성 분산제 5 내지 150 g/L 및 (e) 하나 이상의 음이온성 분산제 150 g/L 이하 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 분산제를 포함하며 경우에 따라서는 하나 이상의 증점제를 100 g/L 이하로 포함하는 비수성, 안정한 현탁 농축물에 관한 것이며 이 현탁물의 농약적 용도에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to (a) 50 to 400 g / L of at least one active compound for crop protection, (b) 50 to 700 g / L of one or more adjuvants, (c) 75 to 500 g / L of one or more organic solvents, and (d) A ratio comprising at least one dispersant selected from 5 to 150 g / L of at least one nonionic dispersant and (e) at most 150 g / L of at least one anionic dispersant, and in some cases at least 100 g / L It relates to aqueous, stable suspension concentrates and to pesticide use of these suspensions.
농약, 병해 방제, 비수성 현탁 농축물, 비이온성 분산제, 음이온성 분산제Pesticides, pest control, non-aqueous suspension concentrates, nonionic dispersants, anionic dispersants
Description
본 발명은 작물 보호용 활성 화합물을 위한 비수성의 안정한 현탁 농축물 (SC), 그런 현탁물을 제조하는 방법, 및 병해를 방제하기 위한 그의 용도에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to non-aqueous, stable suspension concentrates (SC) for crop protection active compounds, methods of making such suspensions, and their use for controlling diseases.
살진균 화합물과 같은 작물 보호용 활성 화합물을 사용자가 그대로 또는 물로 희석한 후 사용할 수 있는 형태로 만들기 위해서는 일반적으로 불활성 성분을 사용해야 한다. 담체와 같은, 제제화를 위한 적당한 불활성 성분을 올바르게 선택하는 것이 사용시, 활성 성분의 효능이 완전히 발휘되는가 여부를 종종 상당 정도로 결정한다. 활성 성분의 효능과 물리화학적 안정성 둘다가 제제에 있는 다른 성분의 영향을 받을 수 있기 때문에, 어떤 주어진 제제에서 사용하는 데 모든 활성 성분이 적합한 것은 아니다. Inert ingredients should generally be used to make crop-protecting active compounds, such as fungicides, ready for use by the user or after dilution with water. Correctly selecting a suitable inert ingredient for formulation, such as a carrier, often determines to a considerable extent whether, in use, the efficacy of the active ingredient is fully exhibited. Not all active ingredients are suitable for use in any given formulation because both the potency and physicochemical stability of the active ingredient may be affected by the other ingredients in the formulation.
활성 성분의 효능은 종종 다른 성분의 첨가에 의해 개선될 수 있다. 성분들의 조합물의 효능은 사용된 개개의 성분들의 양으로부터 예상되었던 것보다 현저히 높음이 관찰되기도 한다 (상승 효과). 본원에서 보조제란, 그 자체가 의미있는 생물학적 활성을 보이지는 않지만, 활성 성분의 생물학적 활성을 증가시킬 수 있는 물질로 정의된다. 보조제는 제제에 포함될 수도 있고, 별개로 활성 성분을 포함하는 제제와 함께 (예를 들면, 분무 탱크에) 첨가될 수도 있다.The efficacy of the active ingredient can often be improved by the addition of other ingredients. It is also observed that the efficacy of the combination of components is significantly higher than expected from the amount of the individual components used (synergistic effect). An adjuvant herein is defined as a substance which, by itself, does not exhibit significant biological activity, but which can increase the biological activity of the active ingredient. Adjuvants may be included in the formulation, or may be added separately (eg in a spray tank) with the formulation comprising the active ingredient.
최종 사용자가 상기 보조제를 쉽고 안전하게 다루며 적절양으로 사용하고, 불필요한 포장 물질을 피하기 위해서는, 상기 보조물을 이미 포함하고 있는 농축 제제를 개발하는 것이 바람직하다. In order for the end user to handle the adjuvant easily and safely, use it in an appropriate amount, and to avoid unnecessary packaging material, it is desirable to develop concentrated formulations already containing the adjuvant.
국제 특허 출원 공개 WO 95/01722는 폴리옥시프로필렌 코어를 갖는 블록 중합체 중에서 선택된 비이온성 분산제, 음이온성 분산제, 및 다중알콕실화 지방 알콜 중에서 선택된 습윤제를 포함하는 수성 농약 제제를 개시하고 있다. 그러나, 상기 습윤제가 농약의 활성을 증가시킨다고 언급하고 있지는 않다. 게다가, 비수성 현탁 농축물은 개시되지 않았다.WO 95/01722 discloses an aqueous pesticide formulation comprising a nonionic dispersant, anionic dispersant, and a wetting agent selected from polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols, selected from block polymers having a polyoxypropylene core. However, it is not mentioned that the humectant increases the activity of the pesticide. In addition, non-aqueous suspension concentrates have not been disclosed.
<발명의 요약> Summary of the Invention
본 발명은 The present invention
(a) 하나 이상의 작물 보호용 활성 화합물 50 내지 400 g/L,(a) 50 to 400 g / L of one or more active compounds for crop protection,
(b) 하나 이상의 보조제 50 내지 700 g/L,(b) 50 to 700 g / L of one or more adjuvants,
(c) 하나 이상의 유기 용매 75 내지 500 g/L, 및(c) 75 to 500 g / L of one or more organic solvents, and
(d) 하나 이상의 비이온성 분산제 5 내지 150 g/L 및 (e) 하나 이상의 음이온성 분산제 5 내지 150 g/L로 구성된 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 분산제를 포함하며 at least one dispersant selected from the group consisting of (d) 5 to 150 g / L of at least one nonionic dispersant and (e) 5 to 150 g / L of at least one anionic dispersant;
경우에 따라서는 하나 이상의 증점제 100 g/L 이하로 포함하는 비수성의 안정한 현탁 농축물(SC)에 관한 것이다.In some cases, it relates to a non-aqueous stable suspension concentrate (SC) comprising up to 100 g / L of one or more thickeners.
본 발명의 또다른 측면은 Another aspect of the invention
(ⅰ) 경우에 따라서는 성분 (e) 및(또는) 카올린 또는 실리카와 같은 밀링 보조제의 존재 하에, 성분 (a)를 공기 밀링시키는 단계, 및 (Iii) optionally air milling component (a) in the presence of component (e) and / or milling aids such as kaolin or silica, and
(ⅱ) 모든 성분 (a) 내지 (c), (d) 및(또는) (e) 및, 경우에 따라서는 (f)를 용해기 안에서 혼합하는 단계를 포함하는, 상기 기재된 현탁 농축물의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.(Ii) a process for preparing the suspension concentrate as described above, comprising mixing all components (a) to (c), (d) and / or (e) and optionally (f) in a dissolver. It is about.
또한, 본 발명은 본 발명의 SC를 물로 희석하고, 특정 부위에 이 희석된 제제의 유효량을 처리하는 것을 포함하는, 특정 부위의 병해를 방제하는 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling a disease at a particular site, which comprises diluting the SC of the present invention with water and treating the effective amount of the diluted agent at that site.
<바람직한 실시양태에 관한 상세한 설명>Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
놀랍게도 본 발명에 이르러, 하나 이상의 작물 보호용 활성 성분 (a) 및, 하나 이상의 보조제 (b)와 함께 하나 이상의 유기 용매 (c), 하나 이상의 비이온성 분산제 (d) 및(또는) 하나 이상의 음이온성 분산제 (e) 및 경우에 따라서는 하나 이상의 증점제 (f)를 포함하는 안정한 비수성 현탁 농축물을 제조할 수 있음이 발견되었다. Surprisingly, to the present invention, at least one organic solvent (c), at least one nonionic dispersant (d) and / or at least one anionic dispersant together with at least one active ingredient for protecting crops (a) and at least one auxiliary (b) It has been found that stable non-aqueous suspension concentrates can be prepared comprising (e) and optionally one or more thickeners (f).
또한, 놀랍게도 보조제 (b)를 분무 희석시에 포함시키거나 또는 제제에 직접 포함시킴으로써 활성 성분 (a)의 생물학적 활성이 증가될 수 있음도 발견되었다. 본 발명의 제제에서는 보조제 (b)가 농축된 제제 내로 혼입된다. It has also been surprisingly found that the biological activity of the active ingredient (a) can be increased by including the adjuvant (b) at the time of spray dilution or directly in the formulation. In the formulations of the invention adjuvant (b) is incorporated into a concentrated formulation.
본원에서 병해란 용어는 식물 병원체, 곤충, 잡초를 포함하지만 이로 제한되지는 않는다. The term pest herein includes, but is not limited to, plant pathogens, insects, weeds.
원칙적으로, 모든 작물 보호용 활성 화합물을 본 발명의 비수성 농축 현탁물에 사용할 수 있다. 고체 작물 보호용 활성 화합물이 바람직하다. In principle, all crop protection active compounds can be used in the non-aqueous concentrated suspensions of the invention. Active compounds for solid crop protection are preferred.
바람직하게는, 고체 작물 보호용 활성 화합물은 유기 용매 (c)에 중간 이하로 용해된다. 용매 (c)에서의 용해도가 10 g/L, 특히, 5 g/L이하인 것이 바람직하다. Preferably, the active compound for protecting the solid crop is dissolved in less than or equal to the organic solvent (c). It is preferable that the solubility in the solvent (c) is 10 g / L, in particular 5 g / L or less.
본 발명의 조성물은 비료, 또는 미량 원소를 포함하는 작용제 또는 식물 성장에 영향을 주는 다른 제제, 또는 선택적 제초제, 살충제, 살진균제, 살세균제, 살선충제, 살조제, 연체동물박멸제, 살서제, 바이러스 살멸제, 식물에서 내성을 유도하는 화합물, 생물학적 퇴치 제제 (예를 들어, 바이러스, 박테리아, 선충류, 진균류, 및 다른 미생물), 조류와 동물 퇴치제, 및 식물 성장 조절제 또는 상기 물질들 여러 개의 혼합물과 같은 추가의 활성 물질들과 함께 식물 또는 그의 환경에 적용될 수 있다.The compositions of the present invention are suitable for use as fertilizers or agents containing trace elements or other agents affecting plant growth, or selective herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, acaricides, mollusks, and insecticides. , Virus killing agents, compounds that induce resistance in plants, biological combatant agents (eg, viruses, bacteria, nematodes, fungi, and other microorganisms), algae and animal repellents, and plant growth regulators or mixtures of these substances It may be applied to a plant or its environment with additional active substances such as
본 발명의 비수성 SC 제제의 형태로 제공되는 활성 성분으로는 식물 보호에 적절한 모든 생물학적 활성 화합물, 바람직하게는 살진균제, 제초제, 살충제, 살조제, 살선충제 및 퇴치제, 특히 살진균제 등이 있다. 실온에서 고체인 활성 성분이 바람직하고, 융점이 50℃ 이상인 것이 특히 바람직하다. Active ingredients provided in the form of non-aqueous SC preparations of the present invention include all biologically active compounds suitable for plant protection, preferably fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides and repellents, in particular fungicides and the like. . Active ingredients which are solid at room temperature are preferred, and those having a melting point of at least 50 ° C are particularly preferred.
상이한 생물학적 활성 화합물들의 혼합물은 단일 화합물 단독일 때보다 활성 스펙트럼이 넓을 수 있다. 게다가, 이것들은 상승 효과를 보일 수 있다. 바람직한 실시양태에서는 본 발명의 제제가 활성 성분의 혼합물을 포함하며, 이들 활성 성분 중 하나는 본 발명의 SC 제제의 연속상 (continuous phase)에 용해될 수 있다.Mixtures of different biologically active compounds may have a broader activity spectrum than when a single compound alone. In addition, these may have a synergistic effect. In a preferred embodiment, the formulations of the invention comprise a mixture of active ingredients, one of which can be dissolved in the continuous phase of the SC preparations of the invention.
본 발명의 조성물에 사용되는 바람직한 살진균제는 하기의 화합물로 구성되 는 군에서 선택된 시판하는 화합물이다. Preferred fungicides used in the compositions of the present invention are commercially available compounds selected from the group consisting of the following compounds.
아닐라진, 아족시스트로빈, 베날락실, 베노밀, 비나파크릴, 비테르타놀 , 블라스티시딘 에스, 보르도(Bordeaux) 혼합물, 브로무코나졸, 부피리메이트, 캅타폴, 캅탄 카르벤다짐, 카르복신, 카르프로파미드, 클로르벤즈티아존, 클로로탈로닐, 클로졸리네이트, 옥시염화구리 및 황산구리와 같은 구리 함유 화합물, 시클로헥시미드, 시목사닐, 시포푸람, 시프로코나졸, 시프로디닐, 디클로플루아니드, 디클론, 디클로란, 디클로부트라졸, 디클로시멧, 디클로메진, 디에토펜카르브, 디페노코나졸, 디플루메토림, 디메티리몰, 디메토모르프, 디니코나졸, 디노캅, 디탈림포스, 디티아논, 도데모르프, 도딘, 에디펜포스, 에폭시코나졸, 에타코나졸, 에티리몰, 에트리디아졸, 파목사돈, 페나파닐, 페나미돈, 페나리몰, 펜부코나졸, 펜푸람, 펜헥사미드, 펜피클로닐, 펜프로피딘, 펜프로피모르프, 펜틴, 펜틴 아세테이트, 펜틴 히드록시드, 페림존, 플루아지남, 플루디옥소닐, 플루메토버, 플루퀸코나졸, 플루실라졸, 플루술파미드, 플루톨라닐, 플루트리아폴, 폴펫, 포세틸-알루미늄, 푸베리다졸, 푸랄락실, 푸라멧피르, 구아자틴, 헥사코나졸, 이마잘릴, 이미녹타딘, 입코나졸, 이프로디온, 이소프로티올란, 이프로발리카르브, 카수가마이신, 키타진 피, 크레속심-메틸, 만코젭, 마넵, 메파니피림, 메프로닐, 메탈락실, 멧코나졸, 메트푸록삼, MON 65500, 미클로부타닐, 네오아조진, 니켈 디메틸디티오카르바메이트, 니트로탈이소프로필, 누아리몰, 오푸라스, 유기 수은 화합물, 옥사딕실, 옥시카르복신, 펜코나졸, 펜시쿠론, 페나지네옥사이드, 프탈라이드, 폴리옥신 디, 폴리람, 프로베나졸, 프로클로라즈, 프로시미디온, 프로파모카르브, 프로피코나졸, 프로피넵, 피라조포스, 피리페녹스, 피리메타닐, 피로퀼론, 피록시푸르, 퀴노메티오네이트, 퀴녹시펜, 퀸토젠, 스피록사민, SSF-126, SSF-129, 스트렙토마이신, 황, 테부코나졸, 테클로프탈람, 테크나젠, 테트라코나졸, 티아벤다졸, 티플루자미드, 티오파네이트-메틸, 티람, 톨클로포스메틸, 톨릴플루아니드, 트리아디메폰, 트리아디메놀, 트리아즈부틸, 트리아족사이드, 트리시클라졸, 트리데모르프, 트리플루미졸, 트리포린, 트리티코나졸, 발리다마이신 에이, 빈클로졸린, XRD-563, 자릴아미드, 지넵, 및 지람.Anilazine, Azoxystrobin, Benalaxil, Benomil, Binapacryl, Viteranol, Blastisidin S, Bordeaux Mixture, Bromuconazole, Buprimate, Captapol, Captan Carbendazim, Carboxin , Copper-containing compounds such as carpropamide, chlorbenzthiazone, chlorothalonil, clozolinate, copper oxychloride and copper sulfate, cycloheximide, cynoxanyl, sipofuram, ciproconazole, ciprodinyl, di Clofluanide, Diclone, Dichloran, Diclobutrazole, Diclocimet, Diclomezine, Dietofencarb, Difenokazole, Diflumethorim, Dimethymolol, Dimethomorph, Di Nicoazole, dinocap, dietalfoss, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, edifeneforce, epoxyconazole, etaconazole, etirimole, ethriazole, pamoxadon, phenanyl, phenamidone, phenari Mole, Penbuconazole, Penfuram, Penhexamide, Penpiclonyl, Pen Lopidine, fenpropormorph, fentin, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, perimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumetober, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamid, flutolanyl , Flutriafol, polpet, pocetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalacyl, furamepyr, guazatin, hexaconazole, imazalyl, iminotadine, ipconazole, iprodione, isoprothiolane, if Lovalicarb, kasugamycin, chitazine blood, cresoxime-methyl, mancozeb, maneb, mepanipyrim, mepronyl, metallaxyl, meconazole, metfuroxam, MON 65500, myclobutanyl, Neoazozin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, nitrotalisopropyl, noarimol, opuras, organic mercury compounds, oxadixyl, oxycarboxycin, fenconazole, pensicuron, phenazine oxide, phthalide, Polyoxine di, polyram, probenazole, prochloraz, procidione, propa Carb, Propiconazole, Propyneb, Pyrazophos, Pyrrofenox, Pyrmetanyl, Pyroquilon, Pyroxyfur, Quinomethionate, Quinoxifen, Quintogen, Spiroxamine, SSF-126, SSF -129, streptomycin, sulfur, tebuconazole, teclophthalam, technazen, tetraconazole, thibendazole, tifluzamide, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tollclophosphmethyl, tolylufluoride, Triadimefon, Triadimenol, Triazbutyl, Triazoxide, Tricyclazole, Tridemorph, Triflumizol, Triporin, Triticazole, Validamycin A, Vinclozoline, XRD-563, Zylamide , Jeanne, and Bored.
추가로, 본 발명의 제제는 곤충, 잡초 또는 식물의 질병을 퇴치하기에 적합하거나 식물에서 숙주 내성을 유도하기에 적합한, 바이러스, 박테리아, 선충류, 진균류 및 여타의 미생물 부류의 생물 방제제를 하나 이상 포함할 수 있다. 이러한 생물 방제제들의 예로는, 바실루스 투린지엔시스(Bacillus thuringiensis), 버티실리움 레카니이(Verticillium lecanii), 오토그라피카 칼리포르니카 NPV(Autographica californica NPV), 보바리아 바시아나 (Beauvaria bassiana), 암펠로미세스 퀴스콸리스 (Ampelomyces quisqualis), 바실리스 섭틸리스 (Bacilis subtilis), 슈도모나스 플루오레슨스 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), 스텝토미세스 그리세오비리디스 (Steptomyces griseoviridis) 및 트리코더마 하르지아눔 (Trichoderma harzianum) 이 있다. In addition, the formulations of the present invention may comprise one or more biological control agents of viruses, bacteria, nematodes, fungi and other microbial classes suitable for combating diseases of insects, weeds or plants or for inducing host resistance in plants. It may include. Examples of such biocontrol agents include Bacillus thuringiensis , Verticillium lecanii , Autographica californica NPV , Beauvaria bassiana , Cancer Ampelomyces quisqualis , Bacilis subtilis , Pseudomonas fluorescens , Steptomyces griseoviridis and Trichoderma harzian .
또한, 본 발명의 제제는 식물에서 전신적인 후천적 내성을 유발하는 하나 이상의 화학적 작용제, 예를 들면, 니코틴산 또는 그의 유도체, 2,2-디클로로-3,3-디메틸-시클로프로필카르복실산 또는 비온 (BION)을 포함할 수 있다. In addition, the formulations of the present invention may contain one or more chemical agents that cause systemic acquired resistance in plants, such as nicotinic acid or derivatives thereof, 2,2-dichloro-3,3-dimethyl-cyclopropylcarboxylic acid or nonionic ( BION).
또한 예를 들어 유럽 특허 출원 공개 EP 0 071 792 및 EP-A-0 550 113에 개시되어 있는 트리아졸로피리미딘의 유도체, 특히 하기 화학식 I의 화합물을 포함하는 조성물이 바람직하다. Preference is also given to derivatives of the triazolopyrimidines, for example those disclosed in European Patent Application Publications EP 0 071 792 and EP-A-0 550 113, in particular compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I).
상기 식에서, Where
R1 및 R2는 서로 독립적으로, 수소 또는 임의로 치환될 수 있는 알킬, 알케닐, 알키닐, 알카디에닐, 할로알킬, 아릴, 헤테로아릴, 시클로알킬, 비시클로알킬 또는 헤테로시클릴기를 나타내거나 또는R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkadienyl, haloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group or
R1 및 R2는 인접한 질소 원자와 함께 임의로 치환될 수 있는 헤테로시클릭 고리를 나타낸다.R 1 and R 2 represent heterocyclic rings which may be optionally substituted with adjacent nitrogen atoms.
R3는 할로겐 원자 또는 알킬 또는 알콕실기를 나타내며, R 3 represents a halogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxyl group,
n은 0 내지 5의 정수이며n is an integer from 0 to 5
Hal은 할로겐 원자를 나타낸다. Hal represents a halogen atom.
보다 바람직한 화학식 I의 화합물은 R1 및 R2가 인접한 질소 원자와 함께 임 의로 치환될 수 있는, 6 원 헤테로시클릭 고리, 특히 4-메틸피페리드-1-일기이거나 R1이 C1-6 알킬, C1-6 할로알킬 (특히 C2-6 플루오로알킬), 또는 C3-8 시클로알킬기이고 R2가 수소 원자 또는 C1-6 알킬기이고(거나),More preferred compounds of formula I are 6-membered heterocyclic rings, in particular 4-methylpiperid- 1 -yl, wherein R 1 and R 2 may be optionally substituted with adjacent nitrogen atoms or R 1 is C 1-6 Alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl (particularly C 2-6 fluoroalkyl), or C 3-8 cycloalkyl group and R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group,
이 (여기서 L1은 할로겐 원자, 바람직하게는 불소 또는 염소를 나타내고 L2 및 L3는 서로 독립적으로, 수소 원자 또는 할로겐 원자, 바람직하게는 불소를 나타냄)이고(이거나), this (Wherein L 1 represents a halogen atom, preferably fluorine or chlorine and L 2 and L 3 independently of one another represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, preferably fluorine), or
Hal이 염소 원자인 것들이다. Hal is the chlorine atom.
가장 바람직한 화학식 I의 화합물은 R1이 C2-5 플루오로알킬기, 특히 2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸 또는 1,1,1-트리플루오로프로프-2-일기를 나타내고 R2가 수소 원자를 나타내는 것이다. Most preferred compounds of formula I show that R 1 represents a C 2-5 fluoroalkyl group, in particular a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl or 1,1,1-trifluoroprop-2-yl group and R 2 is hydrogen It represents an atom.
바람직한 살진균 화합물의 다른 기는 유럽 특허 출원 공개 EP-A-0 727 141 등에 개시된 벤조일벤젠이다. Another group of preferred fungicidal compounds is benzoylbenzene as disclosed in European Patent Application Publication EP-A-0 727 141 and the like.
바람직한 제초제로는 하기의 화합물로 구성되는 군에서 선택된, 시판되는 화합물을 들 수 있다. Preferred herbicides include commercially available compounds selected from the group consisting of the following compounds.
2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DP, 아세토클로르, 아시플루오르펜, 알라클로르, 알록시딤, 아메트리디온, 아미도술푸론, 아술람, 아트라진, 아짐술푸론, 벤푸레세이트, 벤술푸론, 벤타존, 비페녹스, 브로모부티드, 브로목시닐, 부타클로르, 카펜스트롤, 카르펜트라존, 클로리다존, 클로리무론, 클로르프로팜, 클로르술푸론, 클로르톨루론, 신메틸린, 시노술푸론, 클로마존, 클로피랄리드, 시아나진, 시클로에이트, 시클로술파무론, 시클록시딤, 다이무론, 데스메디팜, 디-메타존, 디캄바, 디클로베닐, 디클로폽, 디플루페니칸, 디메텐아미드, 디티오피르, 디우론, 에프탐, 에스프로카르브, 에티오진, 페녹사프롭, 프람프롭-M-이소프로필, 프람프롭-M-메틸 플루아지폽, 플루오메투론, 플루오로글리코펜, 플루리돈, 플루록시피르, 플루타몬, 플루티아미드, 포메사펜, 글루포시네이트, 글리포세이트, 할로사펜, 할록시폽, 헥사지논, 이마카메타벤즈, 이마자메타피르, 이마자목스, 이마자피르, 이마자퀸, 이마제타피르, 이옥시닐, 이소프로투론, 이속사벤, 이속사플루톨, 락토펜, MCPA, MCPP, 메페나셋, 메타벤즈티아주론, 메타미트론, 메타자클로르, 메틸딤론, 메톨라클로르, 메트리부진, 메트술푸론, 몰리네이트, 니코술푸론, 노르플루라존, 오리잘린, 옥사디아르길, 옥사술푸론, 옥시플루오르펜, 펜디메탈린, 피클로람, 피레틸라클로르, 프로파클로르, 프로파닐, 프로술포카르브, 피라조술푸론, 피리데이트, 퀸메락, 퀸클로락, 퀴잘로포페틸, 세톡시딤, 시메트린, 술코트리온, 술펜트라존, 술포세이트, 테르부트린, 테르부틸라진, 티아메투론, 티펜술푸론, 티오벤카르브, 트랄콕시딤, 트리알레이트, 트리아술푸론, 트리베누론, 트리클로피르, 트리플루랄린. 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, 2,4-DP, acetochlor, asifluorophene, alachlor, alkoxydim, amethridion, amidosulfuron, asulam, atrazine, azisulsulfuron, ben Furacetate, bensulfuron, bentazone, bifenox, bromobutide, bromoxynil, butachlor, carfenstrol, carfentrazone, chloridazone, chlorimuron, chlorprofam, chlorsulfuron, chlortol Luron, Cynmethyline, Cinosulfuron, Clomazone, Clopyralide, Cyanazine, Cycloate, Cyclosulfamuron, Cycloxyldim, Dimuron, Desmedipham, Di-Metazone, Dicamba, Diclobenyl , Diclopop, diflufenican, dimethenamid, dithiopyr, diuron, eftam, esprocarb, ethiozin, phenoxaprop, frramprop-M-isopropyl, frramprop-M-methyl Fluazipap, Fluomethuron, Fluoroglycopene, Flulidone, Fluoxypyr, Flutamone, Flutiamide, Pomesafen, Glufosinine , Glyphosate, halosafen, halooxypop, hexazinone, imacametabenz, imazamethapir, imazamox, imazaphyr, imazaquin, imazetapyr, oxynyl, isoproturon, isox Saben, isoxaplutol, lactofen, MCPA, MCPP, mefenacet, metabenzthiazuron, metamitrone, metazachlor, methyldimron, metolachlor, metribuzin, metsulfuron, mollinate, nico Sulfuron, norflurazon, oryzaline, oxadiargyl, oxasulfuron, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, picloram, pyretilachlor, propachlor, propanyl, prosulfocarb, pyrazosulfuron , Pyridate, quinmerac, quinclolac, quizolopopetyl, cetoxydim, cymetrine, sulcotrione, sulfentrazone, sulfosate, terbutrin, terbutylazine, thiamethuron, thifensulfuron , Thiobencarb, trakcockdim, trialate, triasulfuron, tribenuron, triclopyr , Trituralin.
더욱 바람직한 것은 유럽 특허 출원 공개 EP-A-0 447 004 등에 개시되어 있 는 아릴옥시피콜린아미드의 유도체, 특히 제안된 일반명이 피콜리나펜인 N-(4-플루오로페닐)6-(3-트리플루오로메틸페녹시)-피리드-2-일카르복스아미드이다. More preferred are derivatives of aryloxypicolinamides disclosed in European Patent Application Publication No. EP-A-0 447 004 and the like, in particular N- (4-fluorophenyl) 6- (3-, wherein the proposed generic name is picolinaphene. Trifluoromethylphenoxy) -pyrid-2-ylcarboxamide.
살충 화합물의 예는 알파-시페르메트린, 벤푸라카르브, BPMC, 부프로페진, 카르보술판, 카르탑, 클로르펜빈포스, 클로르피리포스-메틸, 시클로프로트린, 시페르메트린, 에스펜발레레이트, 에토펜프록스, 펜프로파트린, 플루시트리네이트, 플루페녹수론, 히드라메틸논, 이미다클로프리드, 이속사티온, MEP, MPP, 니텐피람, PAP, 페르메트린, 프로파포스, 피메트로진, 실라플루오펜, 테부페노지드, 테플루벤주론, 테메포스, 테르부포스, 테트라클로르빈포스 및 트리아자메이트가 있다. Examples of pesticidal compounds include alpha-cypermethrin, benfuracarb, BPMC, buprofezin, carbosulphan, cartope, chlorfenbinfos, chlorpyriphos-methyl, cycloprotrin, cipermethrin, es Fenovalate, etofenprox, phenpropatrine, flucitrinate, flufenoxuron, hydrmethylnon, imidacloprid, isoxation, MEP, MPP, nitenpyram, PAP, fermethrin, propaphos , Pymetrozine, silafluorene, tebufenozide, teflubenzuron, temefos, terbufos, tetrachlorbinfos and triamate.
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 작물 보호용 활성 화합물을 50 내지 400 g/L, 바람직하게는 75 내지 250 g/L, 더욱 바람직하게는 80 내지 200 g/L 포함한다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention comprises 50 to 400 g / L, preferably 75 to 250 g / L, more preferably 80 to 200 g / L, of at least one active compound for crop protection.
보조제 (b)는 바람직하게는 액체 다중알콕실화 지방족 알콜 또는 아민이다. 상기 보조제는 탄소 원자수가 9 내지 24 개, 바람직하게는 12 내지 22 개, 특히 바람직하게는 14 내지 20 개인 지방 알콜 또는 아민을 탄소 원자 수가 2 내지 6개, 바람직하게는 2 내지 3 개인 산화알킬렌, 특히 산화에틸렌과 산화프로필렌의 혼합물을 써서 알콕실화시켜 얻을 수 있다. 상기 지방 알콜 및 아민의 지방족 부분은 직쇄 또는 분지쇄일 수 있다. 바람직하게는 상기 화합물들이 하기 화학식의, 혼합된 랜덤 또는 블록 올리고머에 상응한다. Adjuvants (b) are preferably liquid polyalkoxylated aliphatic alcohols or amines. The adjuvant is an alkylene oxide having 9 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 14 to 20 fatty alcohols or amines having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 3 carbon atoms. In particular, it can be obtained by alkoxylation using a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The aliphatic portions of the fatty alcohols and amines may be straight or branched chain. Preferably the compounds correspond to mixed random or block oligomers of the formula
H2n+1Cn-X[(CH2CH2O)x(CH2CH(CH3 )O)yH]z H 2n + 1 C n -X [(CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O) y H] z
상기 식에서, Where
X는 산소 또는 질소이고X is oxygen or nitrogen
z는 1 (X가 산소일 때) 또는 2 (X가 질소일 때)이며z is 1 when X is oxygen or 2 when X is nitrogen
주어진 지수들은 평균적으로 하기와 같다. Given indices are on average:
n은 9 내지 20, 특히 15 내지 19인 정수이고,n is an integer from 9 to 20, in particular from 15 to 19,
x는 1 내지 8, 특히 2 내지 6인 정수이며x is an integer from 1 to 8, in particular from 2 to 6
y는 6 내지 12, 특히 7 내지 10인 정수이다. y is an integer from 6 to 12, in particular from 7 to 10.
본 발명의 실시에서 특히 바람직한 것은, 20 ℃ 이상의 온도에서 액체이며, 25 ℃에서 점도가 30 내지 100 mPa·s, 특히 50 내지 80 mPa·s인 다중알콕실화 지방족 알콜 또는 아민이다. 상표명 플루라팍 (Plurafac) (등록상표) LF (Tensid-Chemie, Koeln/ BASF AG, Ludwigshafen) 및 특정 아트플러스 (ATPLUS) (등록상표)부류 (ICI Surfactants, Eversberg), 특히, 플루라팍 (Plurafac) (등록상표) LF 224, 플루라팍 (Plurafac) (등록상표) LF 403, 플루라팍 (Plurafac) (등록상표) LF 700 및 플루라팍 (Plurafac) (등록상표) LF 1300, 아트플러스 (ATPLUS) (등록상표) 245 또는 SCS4774 (ICI Surfactants)로 시판되는 화합물이 특히 유리한 것으로 입증되었다. Particularly preferred in the practice of the present invention are polyalkoxylated aliphatic alcohols or amines which are liquid at temperatures of at least 20 ° C. and have a viscosity of 30 to 100 mPa · s, in particular 50 to 80 mPa · s at 25 ° C. Trademarks Plurafac® LF (Tensid-Chemie, Koeln / BASF AG, Ludwigshafen) and certain ATPLUS® classes (ICI Surfactants, Eversberg), in particular Plurafac ( LF 224, Plurafac (registered trademark) LF 403, Plurafac (registered trademark) LF 700 and Plurafac (registered trademark) LF 1300, ATPLUS (registered trademark) ) Commercially available as 245 or SCS4774 (ICI Surfactants) has proven particularly advantageous.
본 발명의 다른 바람직한 실시양태에서는, 보조제 (b)가 바람직하게는 폴리옥시알킬렌 트리글리세리드이다. 이 보조제는 트리글리세리드를 특히 산화에틸렌으로 알콕실화시켜 탄소 원자수가 9 내지 24 개, 바람직하게는 12 내지 22 개, 특히 바람직하게는 14 내지 20 개인 글리세리드 측쇄를 1 내지 3 개 갖는 화합물의 혼합물을 생성시킴으로써 얻을 수 있다. 트리글리세리드의 지방족 부분은 직쇄이거나 분지쇄일 수 있다. 이 화합물들은 피마자유 또는 캐놀라유의 알콕실화로 생성된 혼합 올리고머인 것이 바람직하다. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjuvant (b) is preferably polyoxyalkylene triglycerides. This adjuvant is obtained by alkoxylating triglycerides, in particular with ethylene oxide, to produce a mixture of compounds having 1 to 3 glyceride side chains having 9 to 24, preferably 12 to 22, particularly preferably 14 to 20 carbon atoms. You can get it. The aliphatic portion of triglycerides may be straight or branched. These compounds are preferably mixed oligomers produced by alkoxylation of castor oil or canola oil.
특히 바람직한 보조제 (b)는 에톡실화 피마자유, 예를 들어, ICI 서펙턴츠 (Surfactants)가 시판하는 우카닐 (Ukanil) (등록상표) 2507 또는 알콕실화 캐놀라유, 예를 들어 헨켈 (Henkel) KGaA가 시판하는 에멀진 (EMULGIN) CO3522이다. Particularly preferred adjuvants (b) are ethoxylated castor oils such as Ukanil® 2507 or alkoxylated canola oils such as Henkel KGaA sold by ICI Suspectants. Emulsion commercially available (EMULGIN) CO3522.
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 보조제 (b)를 50 내지 700 g/L, 바람직하게는 200 내지 600 g/L, 더욱 바람직하게는 300 내지 500 g/L 포함한다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention comprises 50 to 700 g / L, preferably 200 to 600 g / L, more preferably 300 to 500 g / L, of one or more adjuvants (b).
본 발명의 특히 바람직한 실시양태에서 보조제 (b)는 둘 이상의 상이한 알콕실화 유도체를 포함하며, 이중 하나는 알콕실화 트리글리세리드, 특히 에톡실화 트리글리세리드이다. 본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 알콕실화 트리글리세리드를 바람직하게는 5 내지 150 g/L, 더욱 바람직하게는 20 내지 100 g/L, 특히 바람직하게는 40 내지 75 g/L 및 하나 이상의 알콕실화 알콜 또는 아민을 45 내지 550 g/L 포함한다. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the adjuvant (b) comprises at least two different alkoxylated derivatives, one of which is an alkoxylated triglyceride, in particular an ethoxylated triglyceride. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention preferably contains one or more alkoxylated triglycerides from 5 to 150 g / L, more preferably from 20 to 100 g / L, particularly preferably from 40 to 75 g / L and at least one alkoxylated alcohol. Or 45-550 g / L amine.
화학식 I의 살진균성 트리아졸로피리미딘의 효능은 보조제 (b)를 첨가함으로써 증가될 수 있다. The efficacy of the fungicidal triazolopyrimidines of formula (I) can be increased by adding adjuvant (b).
특히 바람직한 실시양태에서, 화학식 I의 트리아졸로피리미딘은 5-클로로-6-(2-클로로-6-플루오로페닐)-7-(2,2,2-트리플루오로에틸아미노)-[1,2,4]트리아졸로[1,5-a]피리미딘 (화합물 IA), 또는 5-클로로-6-(2,4,6-트리플루오로페닐)-7-(1,1,1 -트리플루오로프로프-1-일아미노)-[1,2,4]트리아졸로[1,5-a]피리미딘 (화합물 IB)이다. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the triazolopyrimidine of formula I is 5-chloro-6- (2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl) -7- (2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)-[1 , 2,4] triazolo [1,5- a ] pyrimidine (Compound IA), or 5-chloro-6- (2,4,6-trifluorophenyl) -7- (1,1,1- Trifluoroprop-1-ylamino)-[1,2,4] triazolo [1,5- a ] pyrimidine (Compound IB).
본 발명에 따른 활성 성분 (a) 및 보조제 (b)의 적절한 상대적 양은 1:1과 1:100 사이이며, 바람직하게는 1:1과 1:10 사이이고, 특히 바람직하게는 1:2와 1:5 사이이다. 통상적으로 농약적 효능은 하기한 실험 결과에서 알 수 있듯이, 보조제 (b)를 많이 첨가할수록 더 높은 정도로 증가될 수 있다. Suitable relative amounts of active ingredient (a) and adjuvant (b) according to the invention are between 1: 1 and 1: 100, preferably between 1: 1 and 1:10, particularly preferably 1: 2 and 1 Is between: 5. Typically, pesticidal efficacy can be increased to a higher degree by adding more adjuvant (b), as can be seen from the experimental results below.
여러 적용 분야에 있어서, 식물 보호용 활성 화합물 (a)의 추천 용량은 알려져 있으나, 본 발명에 따르면 효능이 증가될 수 있다. 본 발명의 보조제를 첨가하면 (활성 성분, 보조제 및 이들의 양에 따라) 헥타아르당 필요한 활성 성분의 양을 절반 이상 감소시켜, 적당한 용량으로 추가의 질병을 방지할 수 있게 된다.In many applications, the recommended dose of the active compound (a) for plant protection is known, but the efficacy can be increased according to the invention. The addition of the adjuvant of the present invention (depending on the active ingredient, adjuvant and their amount) reduces the amount of active ingredient required per hectare by more than half, thereby preventing further disease at an appropriate dose.
본 발명의 중요한 장점은 활성의 빠른 개시 (onset) 및 오랜 지속성이다. 이로써 농약의 적용 주기가 길어지고, 이 농약의 사용을 더욱 유연하게 한다. An important advantage of the present invention is the fast onset of activity and long lasting. This prolongs the application period of the pesticides and makes them more flexible.
본 발명의 농약 제제는 예방용으로 그리고 치료용으로 사용될 수 있다. The pesticide preparation of the present invention can be used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes.
용매 (c)는 작물 보호용 화합물 (a)의 용해도가 5 g/L 미만인 비수혼화성 용매가 적절하다. 이것은 방향족 탄화수소, 지방족 탄화수소, 젖산알킬, 글리콜 및 식물성유 에스테르 또는 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군에서 선택된 비극성 유기 용매인 것이 바람직하다. 바람직한 방향족 탄화수소는 예를 들어 솔베소 (Solvesso) (등록상표) 200 (Deutsche Exxon Chemicals), 또는 쉘솔 (Shellsol) (등록상표) A (Deutsche Shell AG)와 같은 치환된 나프탈렌, 톨루엔, 크실렌이 있으며, 바람직한 지방족 탄화수소는 예를 들어, 이소파르 (Isopar) (등록상표) H (Deutsche Exxon Chemicals), 또는 쉘솔 (Shellsol) (등록상표) T (Deutsche Shell AG)와 같은 파라핀, 시클로헥산이 있고, 바람직한 식물성유 에스테르는 메틸화 코코넛유 또는 대두 유 에스테르, 특히 윗코놀 (Witconol) 1095 (Witco Corp.)와 같은 카프릴산메틸이 있고, 바람직한 젖산알킬은 젖산에틸 및 젖산 2-에틸헥실이고, 바람직한 글리콜은 디알킬 디에틸렌글리콜, 특히 디에틸 디에틸렌글리콜이 있다. 상이한 용매들의 혼합물이 종종 적절하다. The solvent (c) is preferably a non-miscible solvent in which the solubility of the crop protection compound (a) is less than 5 g / L. It is preferably a nonpolar organic solvent selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkyl lactates, glycols and vegetable oil esters or mixtures thereof. Preferred aromatic hydrocarbons are, for example, substituted naphthalenes, toluene, xylenes, such as Solvesso® 200 (Deutsche Exxon Chemicals), or Shellsol® A (Deutsche Shell AG), Preferred aliphatic hydrocarbons are, for example, paraffin, cyclohexane, such as Isopar® H (Deutsche Exxon Chemicals), or Shellsol® T (Deutsche Shell AG), and preferred vegetable The oil esters are methylated coconut oil or soybean oil esters, especially methyl caprylate, such as Witconol 1095 (Witco Corp.), with preferred alkyl lactates being ethyl lactate and 2-ethylhexyl lactate, and preferred glycols being di Alkyl diethylene glycols, in particular diethyl diethylene glycol. Mixtures of different solvents are often suitable.
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 유기 용매를 75 내지 500 g/L, 바람직하게는 100 내지 450 g/L, 특히 바람직하게는 200 내지 420 g/L 포함한다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention comprises 75 to 500 g / L, preferably 100 to 450 g / L, particularly preferably 200 to 420 g / L, of at least one organic solvent.
비이온성 분산제 (d)는 바람직하게는 보조제 (b)와 상이한, 에톡실화 비이온성 분산제이며, 더욱 바람직하게는 폴리에틸렌옥시드-폴리프로필렌옥시드 블록 공중합체이며, 예를 들어 바스프 아게 (BASF AG)로부터 입수가능한 플루로닉 (PLURONIC) (등록상표)형 블록 공중합체, 또는 폴리옥시에틸렌 지방산 또는 폴리옥시에틸렌 알콜이 있다. 이 분산제들은 9 내지 24 개, 바람직하게는 12 내지 22 개, 특히 바람직하게는 14 내지 20 개의 탄소 원자를 갖는 지방산, 알콜 또는 알킬페놀을 산화에틸렌으로 알콕실화시켜 얻을 수 있다. 지방 알콜의 지방족 부분은 직쇄 또는 분지쇄일 수 있다. 바람직한 분산제 (d)는 알코팔 (ARKOPAL) (등록상표)형 알킬- 및(또는) 에톡실화 알킬아릴 (Clariant GmbH former Hoechst AG) 또는 제나폴 (GENAPOL) (등록상표)형 (Clariant GmbH former Hoechst AG) 에톡실화 알카노일을 들 수 있다. The nonionic dispersant (d) is an ethoxylated nonionic dispersant, preferably different from the adjuvant (b), more preferably a polyethyleneoxide-polypropyleneoxide block copolymer, for example BASF AG PLURONIC® block copolymers, or polyoxyethylene fatty acids or polyoxyethylene alcohols, available from. These dispersants can be obtained by alkoxylation of fatty acids, alcohols or alkylphenols having 9 to 24, preferably 12 to 22, particularly preferably 14 to 20 carbon atoms with ethylene oxide. The aliphatic portion of the fatty alcohol may be straight or branched chain. Preferred dispersants (d) are Alkopal (ARKOPAL) type alkyl- and / or ethoxylated alkylaryls (Clariant GmbH former Hoechst AG) or GENAPOL® type (Clariant GmbH former Hoechst AG) ) Ethoxylated alkanoyl.
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 비이온성 분산제를 바람직하게는 5 내지 150 g/L, 더욱 바람직하게는 20 내지 100 g/L, 특히 바람직하게는 40 내지 75 g/L 포함한다. 본 발명의 바람직한 실시양태에서는, SC 제제는 본질적으로 비이온성 분산제 (d)가 없다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention preferably comprises one or more nonionic dispersants, preferably 5 to 150 g / L, more preferably 20 to 100 g / L, particularly preferably 40 to 75 g / L. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the SC formulation is essentially free of nonionic dispersants (d).
음이온성 분산제 (e)는 알콜과 같은 극성 희석제 또는 방향족 탄화수소, 바람직하게는 부탄올 또는 솔베소 (등록상표) 200과 알칼리 금속 술포네이트 또는 알칼리 토금속 술포네이트를 고농축 혼합물을 비롯한 알칼리 금속 술포네이트 또는 알칼리 토금속 술포네이트인 것이 적절하다. 이 혼합물은 바람직하게는 하나 이상의 알칼리 금속 술포네이트 또는 알칼리 토금속 술포네이트 40 내지 90 중량% 및 극성 희석제 10 내지 60 중량%로 구성된다. 알칼리 토금속 알킬벤젠 술포네이트가 바람직하며, 칼슘 도데실벤젠 술포네이트 (예를 들어, 로도칼 (Rhodocal) (등록상표) 70/B (Rhodia former Rhone Poulenc)) 또는 테트라프로필렌 벤젠 술포네이트 (예를 들어, 페닐술포나트 (PHENYLSULFONAT) CA100 (Clariant GmbH))인 것이 특히 바람직하다. Anionic dispersants (e) are alkali metal sulfonates or alkaline earth metals, including highly concentrated mixtures of polar diluents such as alcohols or aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably butanol or Solveso® 200 and alkali metal sulfonates or alkaline earth metal sulfonates. It is appropriate that it is a sulfonate. This mixture preferably consists of 40 to 90% by weight of one or more alkali metal sulfonates or alkaline earth metal sulfonates and 10 to 60% by weight polar diluent. Alkaline earth metal alkylbenzene sulfonates are preferred, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonates (eg Rhodocal® 70 / B (Rhodia former Rhone Poulenc)) or tetrapropylene benzene sulfonates (eg , Phenylsulfonat CA100 (Clariant GmbH).
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 음이온성 분산제를 바람직하게는 5 내지 150 g/L, 더욱 바람직하게는 20 내지 100 g/L, 특히 바람직하게는 30 내지 70 g/L 포함한다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention preferably comprises one or more anionic dispersants, preferably 5 to 150 g / L, more preferably 20 to 100 g / L, particularly preferably 30 to 70 g / L.
증점제 (f)는 유기 점토 또는 수화 규산염인 것이 바람직하고, 앗타젤 (Attagel) (등록상표) 50 (Engelhard Corp.)와 같은 수화 규산알루미늄마그네슘 또는 벤톤 (BENTONE) (등록상표) SD-1 또는 SD-3 (Rheox, Inc. Hightstown. NJ. USA)과 같은 벤토나이트 유도체, 카르-오-실 (Car-O-Sil) M5 (Cabot GmbH, Rheinfelden, Germany)와 같은 화열 규산, 틱사트롤 (THIXATROL) (등록상표) 289 또는 틱사트롤 (THIXATROL) (등록상표) 플러스 (Plus) (Rheox, Inc. Hightstown, NJ, USA)와 같은 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아민인 것이 특히 바람직하다. The thickener (f) is preferably an organic clay or a hydrated silicate and is preferably a hydrated aluminum magnesium silicate or BENTONE® SD-1 or SD such as Atelgel® 50 (Engelhard Corp.). Bentonite derivatives such as -3 (Rheox, Inc. Hightstown.NJ. USA), pyrogenic silicic acids such as Car-O-Sil M5 (Cabot GmbH, Rheinfelden, Germany), THIXATROL ( Particular preference is given to polyesters or polyamines such as 289® or THIXATROL® Plus (Rheox, Inc. Hightstown, NJ, USA).
본 발명의 비수성 SC는 하나 이상의 증점제를 100 g/L 이하, 바람직하게는 10 내지 100 g/L, 특히 바람직하게는 30 내지 75 g/L 포함할 수 있다. The non-aqueous SC of the present invention may comprise at least 100 g / L, preferably 10 to 100 g / L, particularly preferably 30 to 75 g / L, of one or more thickeners.
본 발명의 특히 바람직한 실시양태에서 비수성 SC는 In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the non-aqueous SC is
(a) 하나 이상의 작물 보호용 활성 화합물, 특히 화학식 I의 화합물 75 내지 250 g/L, (a) at least one active compound for crop protection, in particular 75-250 g / L of compound of formula I,
(b) 2 내지 20 개의 C2-6 알콕실기로 알콕실화 C9-20 알콜 또는 아민 (특히 플루라팍 (PLURAFAC) (등록상표) LF 700 또는 아트플러스 (ATPLUS) (등록상표) 245) 및 알콕실화 트리글리세리드 (특히 우카닐 (UKANIL) (등록상표) 2507)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 성분 200 내지 650 g/L, (b) C 9-20 alcohols or amines alkoxylated with 2 to 20 C 2-6 alkoxyl groups (especially PLURAFAC® LF 700 or ATPLUS® 245) and alkoxy 200 to 650 g / L of one or more components selected from the group consisting of silylated triglycerides (especially UKANIL® 2507),
(c) 탄화수소, 지방족 탄화수소, 젖산알킬, 글리콜 및 식물성유 에스테르로 구성된 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유기 용매 100 내지 450 g/L,(c) 100 to 450 g / L of one or more organic solvents selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkyl lactates, glycols and vegetable oil esters,
(d) 폴리옥시에틸렌 지방산 0 내지 50 g/L, (d) 0 to 50 g / L polyoxyethylene fatty acid,
(e) 알칼리 금속 술포네이트 또는 알칼리 토금속 술포네이트 (특히 로도칼 (Rhodocal) (등록상표) 70/B 또는 페닐술포나트 (PHENYLSULFONAT) CA100) 20 내지 100 g/L, (e) 20 to 100 g / L of alkali metal sulfonate or alkaline earth metal sulfonate (especially Rhodocal® 70 / B or PHENYLSULFONAT CA100),
(f) 하나 이상의 규산염 또는 유기 점토 (특히 앗타젤 (Attagel) (등록상표) 50) 10 내지 100 g/L를 본질적으로 포함하는 것이다. (f) essentially from 10 to 100 g / L of one or more silicates or organic clays (especially Attagel® 50).
용매, 분산제 및 보조제와 같은 다른 물질들과 활성 성분들을 철저한 혼합 및(또는) 밀링하는 것을 포함하는, 잘 정립된 기술로 상기 성분들을 가공하여 본 발명의 현탁 농축물을 형성할 수 있다. The components can be processed to form suspension concentrates of the invention by well-established techniques, including thorough mixing and / or milling of the active ingredients with other substances such as solvents, dispersants and auxiliaries.
분무, 아토마이징 (atomizing), 분산, 붓기와 같은 원하는 사용 형태는 원하는 목적 및 주어진 환경에 따라 결정되며, 당업계의 숙련가에 의해 용이하게 정해질 수 있다. The desired form of use, such as spraying, atomizing, dispersing, swelling, depends on the desired purpose and given circumstances and can be readily determined by one skilled in the art.
본 발명의 현탁 농축물은 일반적으로, 5 내지 40 % w/v의 활성 성분, 0.5 내지 30 % w/v의 분산제, 0.1 내지 10 % w/v의 현탁제 (예를 들어, 보호성 콜로이드 및 틱소트로픽제), 0 내지 10 % w/v의 다른 첨가제 (예를 들어, 소포제, 방식제, 안정화제, 침윤제 및 점착제), 및 활성 성분이 실질적으로 불용성인 유기 액체를 포함하는, 안정하고 침전되지 않으며 유동성인 생성물을 얻도록 제조된다.Suspension concentrates of the invention generally comprise 5 to 40% w / v of active ingredient, 0.5 to 30% w / v of dispersant, 0.1 to 10% w / v of suspending agent (e.g., protective colloids and Thixotropic agents), 0-10% w / v other additives (e.g., antifoams, anticorrosive agents, stabilizers, wetting agents and tackifiers), and organic liquids in which the active ingredient is substantially insoluble It is prepared to yield a product that does not precipitate and is flowable.
바람직한 실시양태에서는 작물 보호용 화합물 (a)를 성분 (b)부터 (f)를 부가 혼합하기 전에 공기 밀링한다. In a preferred embodiment, the crop protection compound (a) is air milled before further mixing of components (b) to (f).
본 발명의 완성된 비수성 현탁 농축물은 비교적 긴 기간이라 할지라도 저장에 안정하다. 활성 성분의 침전때문에 저장시, 상분리가 일어날 수 있지만, 응집체가 형성되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 SC는 단일 포장 제제안에 농약과 함께 하나 이상의 보조제를 다량 포함할 수 있으므로, 상기 작물 보호용 활성 화합물이 최적의 제제이면서 사용하기 쉬운 제제라는 장점을 가질 수 있다. 그러므로 최종 사용자가 사용하기 전에 보조제를 별도로 첨가할 필요가 없다. The finished non-aqueous suspension concentrate of the present invention is stable for storage even for relatively long periods of time. On storage due to precipitation of the active ingredient, phase separation may occur, but aggregates do not form. Since the SC of the present invention may contain a large amount of one or more adjuvants together with pesticides in a single package formulation, the crop protection active compound may have the advantage of being an optimal formulation and easy to use formulation. Therefore, it is not necessary to add supplements before the end user uses them.
수성 분산액 및 에멀젼 (예를 들면, 본 발명의 SC를 물로 희석시켜 얻은 조성물)도 본 발명의 범위에 들어간다. Aqueous dispersions and emulsions (eg, compositions obtained by diluting the SC of the invention with water) also fall within the scope of the invention.
상품으로서, 상기 조성물은 농축된 형태인 것이 바람할 수 있지만 최종 사용자는 일반적으로 희석된 조성물을 사용한다. 이 조성물은 활성 성분의 농도가 0.001 %로 낮아질 때까지 희석될 수 있다. 원하는 용량은 보통 0.01 내지 10 kg a.i./ha의 범위 안에 있다. As a commodity, it may be desirable for the composition to be in concentrated form, but the end user generally uses a diluted composition. The composition may be diluted until the concentration of the active ingredient is lowered to 0.001%. The desired dose is usually in the range of 0.01 to 10 kg a.i./ha.
본 발명을 보다 분명하게 이해하기 위해, 특정 실시예를 하기에 기재하였다. 이 실시예들은 단지 설명일 뿐이며 어떤 면에서건 본 발명의 범위 및 기본 원리를 한정하는 것이 아니다. 본원에 제시하고 기재한 것에 더하여 본 발명의 여러 가지 변형이 하기 실시예 및 전술한 설명으로부터 당분야의 숙련인에게 명백해 질 것이다. 그런 변형 또한 본원의 청구의 범위에 속한다.To more clearly understand the present invention, certain examples are described below. These embodiments are merely illustrative and in no way limit the scope and basic principles of the invention. Various modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examples and the foregoing description. Such modifications also fall within the scope of the claims herein.
본 발명의 비수성 현탁 농축물의 실시예는 하기 실시예 A 내지 실시예 M에 기재되어 있다. Examples of non-aqueous suspension concentrates of the present invention are described in Examples A through M below.
실시예에서 사용된 성분들Ingredients Used in the Examples
<실시예 A>Example A
<실시예 B><Example B>
<실시예 C>Example C
<실시예 D>Example D
물리화학적 특징Physicochemical Characteristics
<실시예 E>Example E
물리화학적 특징Physicochemical Characteristics
<실시예 F><Example F>
<실시예 G>Example G
<실시예 H>Example H
<실시예 I>Example I
<실시예 J><Example J>
<실시예 K>Example K
<실시예 L>Example L
<실시예 M>Example M
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CA (1) | CA2345296A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ20011057A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69914364T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1130962T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2214890T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0103741A3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL142084A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ510741A (en) |
PL (1) | PL346870A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1130962E (en) |
RU (1) | RU2224434C2 (en) |
SK (1) | SK3662001A3 (en) |
UA (1) | UA70965C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000018227A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200102411B (en) |
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CN1192707C (en) | 1999-10-26 | 2005-03-16 | 陶氏益农有限责任公司 | Thick suspending agent of herbicide |
SK3522003A3 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2003-08-05 | Basf Ag | Fungicidal formulation |
JP5025053B2 (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2012-09-12 | 日本化薬株式会社 | Ogawa pesticide formulation |
IL148684A (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2006-12-31 | Yoel Sasson | Pesticidal composition |
WO2004008855A1 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2004-01-29 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Fungicide mixtures |
WO2005030218A1 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2005-04-07 | Wyeth Holdings Corporation | 6-aryl-7-halo-imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines as anticancer agent |
JP2007506744A (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2007-03-22 | ワイス・ホールディングズ・コーポレイション | 6-[(Substituted) phenyl] triazolopyrimidines as anticancer agents |
US7419982B2 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2008-09-02 | Wyeth Holdings Corporation | Crystalline forms of 5-chloro-6-{2,6-difluoro-4-[3-(methylamino)propoxy]phenyl}-N-[(1S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-amine salts |
JP2007520511A (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2007-07-26 | バイエル クロップサイエンス ゲーエムベーハー | Plant protection composition and use thereof |
DE102004011007A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Suspension concentrates based on oil |
US7651977B2 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2010-01-26 | Valent U.S.A. Corporation | Herbicidal compositions |
EA013081B1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2010-02-26 | Басф Акциенгезельшафт | Fungicidal mixtures based on azolopyrimidinylamines |
DE102005042876A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Use of lactate esters to improve the effect of pesticides |
TWI324908B (en) * | 2006-01-05 | 2010-05-21 | Du Pont | Liquid formulations of carboxamide arthropodicides |
EP1905300A1 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | Bayer CropScience AG | Water dispersible agrochemical formulations comprising polyalkoxytriglycerides as penetration promoters |
WO2008037379A1 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-03 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Suspension concentrates for improving the root absorption of agrochemical active ingredients |
EP1905302A1 (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2008-04-02 | Bayer CropScience AG | Suspension concentrates |
WO2009118027A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Suspension concentrates for improving root uptake of agrochemically active compounds |
WO2009118025A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlling animal pest and plant pathogenic fungi by applying an agrochemical composition into the culture medium, suitable formulation and use thereof |
CN102111995B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2014-08-06 | 加特微胶囊有限公司 | Suspension concentrates in oil of sulfonylureas and their combinations with fluroxypyr or other agrochemicals |
CA2787550C (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2017-05-09 | Basf Se | Anhydrous composition comprising a dissolved and a suspended pesticide, alkyl lactate and alcohol |
CN103118536B (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2015-07-01 | 陶氏益农公司 | Stabilized agricultural oil dispersions |
WO2013014126A1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh | Etherified lactate esters, method for the production thereof and use thereof for enhancing the effect of plant protecting agents |
MX362770B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2019-02-08 | Basf Se | Liquid concentrate formulation containing a pyripyropene insecticide iii. |
BR102013009504A2 (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2015-03-17 | Oxiteno S A Indústria E Comércio | Oil dispersion type agrochemical formulation, use of oil dispersion type agrochemical formulations and process for obtaining oil dispersion type agrochemical formulation |
GB201405271D0 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-05-07 | Croda Int Plc | Agrochemical oil based concentrates |
Citations (1)
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EP0943241A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-22 | American Cyanamid Company | Enhancement of the efficacy of triazolopyrimidines |
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JPS5929604A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1984-02-16 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Herbicidal suspension composition |
IT1173066B (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1987-06-18 | Sipcam Spa | STABILIZED FLUID SUSPENSION OF PESTICIDES IN NON-CHLORINATED ORGANIC SOLVENTS AND PROCEDURE OF PREPARATION AND USE OF THE SAME |
JP2569342B2 (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1997-01-08 | 石原産業株式会社 | Herbicidal suspension composition |
EP0456198A1 (en) * | 1990-05-10 | 1991-11-13 | Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd. | Oil suspension concentrate for direct paddy water application |
DK0645083T3 (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1999-09-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Emulsifiable suspension concentrates of imidazolinylbenzoic acids, esters and salts thereof and dinitroaniline herbicides |
DE19605786A1 (en) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Hoechst Schering Agrevo Gmbh | Oil suspension concentrates |
-
1999
- 1999-09-22 RU RU2001111328/12A patent/RU2224434C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 KR KR1020017003789A patent/KR100689910B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 IL IL14208499A patent/IL142084A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 PT PT99949806T patent/PT1130962E/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 HU HU0103741A patent/HUP0103741A3/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 UA UA2001042823A patent/UA70965C2/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 DE DE69914364T patent/DE69914364T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-09-22 ES ES99949806T patent/ES2214890T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-22 SK SK366-2001A patent/SK3662001A3/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 DK DK99949806T patent/DK1130962T3/en active
- 1999-09-22 PL PL99346870A patent/PL346870A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 AU AU62601/99A patent/AU765664B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-09-22 CA CA002345296A patent/CA2345296A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-22 BR BR9913922-7A patent/BR9913922A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-22 EP EP99949806A patent/EP1130962B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-09-22 CN CN998114057A patent/CN1215764C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-22 JP JP2000571755A patent/JP2002525291A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-09-22 NZ NZ510741A patent/NZ510741A/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 AT AT99949806T patent/ATE258009T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 CZ CZ20011057A patent/CZ20011057A3/en unknown
- 1999-09-22 WO PCT/US1999/022046 patent/WO2000018227A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2001
- 2001-03-23 ZA ZA200102411A patent/ZA200102411B/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0943241A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-22 | American Cyanamid Company | Enhancement of the efficacy of triazolopyrimidines |
Also Published As
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HUP0103741A2 (en) | 2002-01-28 |
DE69914364D1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
HUP0103741A3 (en) | 2004-09-28 |
ATE258009T1 (en) | 2004-02-15 |
SK3662001A3 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
UA70965C2 (en) | 2004-11-15 |
EP1130962B1 (en) | 2004-01-21 |
WO2000018227A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
PT1130962E (en) | 2004-04-30 |
JP2002525291A (en) | 2002-08-13 |
CN1215764C (en) | 2005-08-24 |
EP1130962A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
ES2214890T3 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
PL346870A1 (en) | 2002-03-11 |
DE69914364T2 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
IL142084A (en) | 2005-12-18 |
BR9913922A (en) | 2002-04-23 |
DK1130962T3 (en) | 2004-05-17 |
NZ510741A (en) | 2003-08-29 |
AU6260199A (en) | 2000-04-17 |
CN1320015A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
CZ20011057A3 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
IL142084A0 (en) | 2002-03-10 |
RU2224434C2 (en) | 2004-02-27 |
CA2345296A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
ZA200102411B (en) | 2002-03-25 |
AU765664B2 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
KR20010106488A (en) | 2001-11-29 |
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