KR100679520B1 - Liquid crystal display device and the method thereof - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device and the method thereof Download PDF

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KR100679520B1
KR100679520B1 KR1019990052214A KR19990052214A KR100679520B1 KR 100679520 B1 KR100679520 B1 KR 100679520B1 KR 1019990052214 A KR1019990052214 A KR 1019990052214A KR 19990052214 A KR19990052214 A KR 19990052214A KR 100679520 B1 KR100679520 B1 KR 100679520B1
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liquid crystal
substrate
common electrode
crystal display
electric field
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KR20010047830A (en
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신현호
홍형기
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엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/141—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent using ferroelectric liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
    • G02F2201/121—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode common or background
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
    • G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel

Abstract

본 발명은 수직 배열되는 강유전성 액정을 포함한 액정표시장치에 관한 것으로, 상부기판의 공통전극에 대해 하부기판의 화소전극을 비균일한 분포로 형성하여 수직방향의 전기장 외에도 수평방향의 전기장을 생성하고 이를 이용하여, 상기 수직배열되는 강유전성 액정의 광축을 제어함으로써, 상기 화소전극의 형태를 변화하는 것만으로 멀티도메인을 손쉽게 만들어 광시야각 특성과 함께 공정단순화 효과가 있다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal that is arranged vertically, to form a non-uniform distribution of the pixel electrodes of the lower substrate with respect to the common electrode of the upper substrate to generate a horizontal electric field in addition to the vertical electric field By controlling the optical axis of the vertically arranged ferroelectric liquid crystal, the multi-domain can be easily created simply by changing the shape of the pixel electrode, thereby having a process simplification effect with a wide viewing angle characteristic.

Description

액정표시장치 및 그 제조방법{Liquid crystal display device and the method thereof} Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing same             

도 1은 전압이 인가되지 않았을 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하고 IPS동작모드를 채용한 종래의 액정표시장치의 분해 사시도이고,1 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional liquid crystal display including ferroelectric liquid crystal and employing an IPS operation mode when no voltage is applied;

도 2는 전압이 인가되었을 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하고 IPS동작모드를 채용한 종래의 액정표시장치의 분해 사시도이고,2 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional liquid crystal display device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal and adopting an IPS operation mode when a voltage is applied;

도 3은 전압이 인가되지 않았을 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하는 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치의 분해 사시도이고,3 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to the present invention including a ferroelectric liquid crystal when no voltage is applied,

도 4a 내지 도 4b 본 발명에 따른 화소전극의 변형된 예를 나타내는 분해 사시도이다.4A to 4B are exploded perspective views illustrating a modified example of the pixel electrode according to the present invention.

도 5는 전압이 인가되었을 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하는 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치의 개략적인 단면도이고,5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to the present invention including a ferroelectric liquid crystal when a voltage is applied,

도 6은 전압이 인가되었을 때, 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치의 개략적인 평면도이고,6 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display according to the present invention when a voltage is applied,

도 7은 상·하편광판의 투과축 방향과 각 도메인에 포함되는 액정분자의 광축방향을 도시한 도면이다.FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the transmission axis direction of the upper and lower polarizing plates and the optical axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules included in each domain.

<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

101 : 상부기판 103 : 화소전극101: upper substrate 103: pixel electrode

105 : 하부기판 107 : 액정 105: lower substrate 107: liquid crystal

109 : 공통전극 109: common electrode

본 발명은 액정표시장치에 관한 것으로, 상세히 설명하면 강유전성 액정(ferroelectric liquid crystal : FLC)을 포함하는 액정표시장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device including a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC).

일반적으로 액정표시장치는 저소비전력, 경량 등의 특징을 가지며 워드프로 세서(word processor), 퍼스널컴퓨터(personal computer), 차량항법시스템(navigator system) 등의 표시장치로서 널리 사용되고 있다.In general, liquid crystal displays have low power consumption, light weight characteristics, and are widely used as display devices such as word processors, personal computers, and navigation systems.

이러한 액정표시장치는 투명전극이 형성된 상부기판과, 스위칭소자와 화소 등이 형성된 하부기판과, 상기 상부기판과 하부기판 사이에 충진되는 액정으로 구성된다. 상기 액정은 대단히 많은 종류가 있으며, 그 중 액정표시장치를 제작하는데 사용되고 있는 종류는 트위스티드 네마틱액정(twisted nematic liquid crystal : TN), 슈퍼 트위스티드 네막틱액정(super twisted nematic liquid crystal : STN), 강유전성액정(ferroelectric liquid crystal : FLC) 및 콜레스테릭 액정(cholesteric liquid crystal) 등의 다수이다.The liquid crystal display device includes an upper substrate on which transparent electrodes are formed, a lower substrate on which switching elements and pixels are formed, and a liquid crystal filled between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. There are many kinds of liquid crystals, and among them, the kind used for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN), a super twisted nematic liquid crystal (STN), and ferroelectricity. A large number of liquid crystals (ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC) and cholesteric liquid crystals).

그러나, 상기 STN액정을 사용한 액정표시장치는 응답속도면에서 불충분하고, 또 시야각이 매우 좁다. 현재에는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 위상차필름(retardation film) 등을 이용하여 시야각 확대를 위한 개량이 겸토되고 있지만, 아직 충분한 시야각을 얻는데 이르고 있지 못하다. 또한, 상기 TN액정을 사용한 액정표시장치는 응답속도에 관해서는 거의 만족할 수 있는 것이지만 SVGA나 XGA 이상의 같은 대형의 액정표시장치를 제작하는 데는 응답속도 면에서 아직 불충분하다.However, the liquid crystal display device using the STN liquid crystal is insufficient in response speed and has a very narrow viewing angle. In order to solve such a problem, improvement for expanding the viewing angle is recombined using a retardation film or the like, but it is not yet possible to obtain a sufficient viewing angle. In addition, the liquid crystal display device using the TN liquid crystal can be almost satisfied with respect to the response speed, but it is still insufficient in manufacturing a large liquid crystal display device such as SVGA or XGA or more.

이러한 액정표시장치의 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 최근 강유전성 액정(ferroelectric liquid crystal : FLC), 반강유전성 액정(anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal : AFLC), 비틀린 헬리컬 반강유전성 액정(deformed helical anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal : DHF)등이 주목받고 있다.  In order to solve the problems of the liquid crystal display, recently ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC), anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC), twisted helical anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHF) ) Are attracting attention.

이러한 강유전성 액정은 카이랄 스메틱(Chiral smetic)C 액정이라 불리기도 하는데, 액정분자들의 반응속도가 1msec이하로 매우 빠르다. 일반적으로 카이랄 스메틱 C 액정(smetic C*) 각각의 층은 그 층에 대해서 어떤 각도를 가지고 정렬하려는 분자들로 이루어진다. 이러한 스멕틱 C액정에 전계를 인가하여 쌍극자 모멘트를 한 방향으로 정렬하면 분자의 배향도 균일하게 되고 전계 제거 후에도 그대로 유지된다. Such ferroelectric liquid crystals are also called chiral smetic C liquid crystals, and the reaction rate of liquid crystal molecules is very fast, less than 1 msec. In general, each layer of chiral smetic C liquid crystals (smetic C * ) consists of molecules that are arranged at an angle to the layer. When the dipole moment is aligned in one direction by applying an electric field to the Smectic C liquid crystal, the orientation of the molecules is also uniform and is maintained even after the electric field is removed.

또한 반대방향으로 전계를 인가하면 타 방향으로 배향된 상태로 고속으로 반 전시킬 수 있다. 이것은 강유전성 액정의 분자배향이 전계의 극성에 따라 다르다는 것을 의미하며, 빠른 응답특성을 보인다.In addition, when the electric field is applied in the opposite direction, the electric field can be reversed at a high speed while being oriented in the other direction. This means that the molecular orientation of the ferroelectric liquid crystal is different depending on the polarity of the electric field, and shows fast response characteristics.

이와 같은 전계에 대한 액정의 배열특성에 따라 약간의 다른 방향성을 가지고 일률적으로 배열되는 강유전성 액정의 다수 집합체인 멀티도메인을 형성할 경우에는 광시야각을 얻을 수 있다According to the arrangement characteristics of the liquid crystals with respect to the electric field, a wide viewing angle can be obtained when forming a multidomain, a plurality of aggregates of ferroelectric liquid crystals arranged uniformly with slightly different orientations.

따라서, 종래에는 광시야각 동작모드인 IPS(in plane switching mode)를 사용하여 광시야각을 갖는 강유전성 액정표시장치를 제작하고자 하였다.Therefore, conventionally, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display having a wide viewing angle has been manufactured using an in plane switching mode (IPS), which is a wide viewing angle operation mode.

상기 IPS모드는 박막트랜지스터 배열기판 상에 (+)전압이 인가되는 화소전극과 (-)전압이 인가되는 공통전극이 동일 평면 상에 형성되는 형태이며, 액정은 동일 기판 상에 화소전극과 공통전극의 수평 전계에 의해 작동한다. In the IPS mode, a pixel electrode to which a positive voltage is applied and a common electrode to which a negative voltage are applied are formed on the same plane on a thin film transistor array substrate, and the liquid crystal is a pixel electrode and a common electrode on the same substrate. Works by a horizontal electric field.

따라서, 동일한 방향으로 배열하는 액정분자의 집합체인 액정분자 도메인이 상기 화소전극과 공통전극 사이의 전계의 방향에 따라 다수개 형성되는 멀티 도메인(muiti domain)을 형성함으로써 광시야각이 가능하다.Accordingly, a wide viewing angle can be achieved by forming a multi-domain (muiti domain) in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecule domains, which are collections of liquid crystal molecules arranged in the same direction, are formed along a direction of an electric field between the pixel electrode and the common electrode.

상술한 IPS모드의 동작특성을 이하 도 1 과 도 2를 각각 참조하여 설명하도록 한다.Operation characteristics of the above-described IPS mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.

도 1은 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태일 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하고 IPS모드로 동작하는 액정표시장치를 도시한 분해 사시도이다.1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a liquid crystal display including ferroelectric liquid crystal and operating in IPS mode when no voltage is applied.

도시한 바와 같이, IPS모드로 동작하는 액정표시장치(11)는 상부기판(13)과 이와는 소정간격 이격된 하부기판(15)과, 상기 상부기판(13)과 하부기판(15)의 사이에 충진된 강유전성 액정(17)으로 구성된다.As illustrated, the liquid crystal display device 11 operating in the IPS mode includes an upper substrate 13 and a lower substrate 15 spaced apart from the upper substrate 13, and between the upper substrate 13 and the lower substrate 15. It is composed of a filled ferroelectric liquid crystal (17).

상기 상부기판(13)에는 일반적인 액정표시장치의 상부기판과는 달리 공통전극이 형성되어 있지 않다. 반면에 상기 하부기판(15)에는 서로 다른 극성을 갖는 공통전극(19)과 화소전극(21)이 형성된다.Unlike the upper substrate of the general liquid crystal display, the upper substrate 13 is not provided with a common electrode. On the other hand, the lower substrate 15 has a common electrode 19 and a pixel electrode 21 having different polarities.

도시한 바와 같이, 상기 공통전극(19)과 화소전극(21)은 어느 정도의 거리를 두고 패터닝되며 강유전성 액정(17)이 위치한 곳을 중심으로 일정한 간격으로 이격되어 형성된다.As shown in the drawing, the common electrode 19 and the pixel electrode 21 are patterned at a certain distance and are spaced apart at regular intervals with respect to the place where the ferroelectric liquid crystal 17 is located.

이때, 상기 상부기판과 하부기판의 사이에는 강유전성 액정은 전압이 인가되지 않은 오프상태(off state)이므로 강유전성 액정분자는 광축방향이 나선형으로 회전된 상태로 배열하게 된다.In this case, since the ferroelectric liquid crystal is in an off state in which no voltage is applied between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, the ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a spirally rotated optical axis direction.

도 2는 전압이 인가된 상태일 때, 강유전성 액정을 포함하고 IPS모드로 동작하는 종래의 액정표시장치를 도시한 분해 사시도이다.2 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional liquid crystal display including ferroelectric liquid crystal and operating in IPS mode when a voltage is applied.

도시한 바와 같이, 상기 하부기판(15)의 공통전극(19)과 화소전극(21)에 전압이 인가되었을 경우, 상기 공통전극(19)과 화소전극(21)사이에는 수평장(23)이 형성되며, 이러한 수평장(23)에 의해 상기 강유전성 액정(17)은 빠른 응답특성을 가지고 일방향으로 배열된다.As illustrated, when a voltage is applied to the common electrode 19 and the pixel electrode 21 of the lower substrate 15, a horizontal field 23 is formed between the common electrode 19 and the pixel electrode 21. By the horizontal field 23, the ferroelectric liquid crystals 17 are arranged in one direction with fast response characteristics.

도시한 바와 같이, 이때 강유전성 액정(17)은 전계의 방향에 따라 각각 다른 방향으로 배열되고 있다. 즉, A부분처럼 좌측에서 우측으로 인가되는 전계의 영향을 받는 액정의 배열상태와 B부분처럼 우측에서 좌측으로 인가되는 전계의 영향을 받는 액정의 배열상태는 다르다. 따라서, 전계의 방향에 대해 배열되는 액정집합의 단위를 도메인이라 한다면 액정분자의 집합체인 멀티도메인의 형성이 가능하고 이 에 따른 광시야각(wide viewing angle)이 가능하다.As shown, the ferroelectric liquid crystals 17 are arranged in different directions depending on the direction of the electric field. That is, the arrangement of the liquid crystals affected by the electric field applied from the left to the right as in the A part and the arrangement of the liquid crystals affected by the electric field applied from the right to the left as in the B part are different. Therefore, if the unit of the liquid crystal set arranged with respect to the direction of the electric field is a domain, it is possible to form a multidomain, which is an aggregate of liquid crystal molecules, and thus a wide viewing angle.

그러나, 이러한 구조는 상기 하부기판의 각 전극을 패터닝하는 공정에서 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 즉, 상기 서로 이격된 공통전극과 화소전극을 패터닝하는 과정에서 공정불량에 의해 상기 서로 다른 극성을 갖는 두 전극이 단락(short)되는 문제가 발생할 수 있다.However, such a structure may cause a problem in the process of patterning each electrode of the lower substrate. That is, in the process of patterning the common electrode and the pixel electrode spaced apart from each other, a problem may occur in which two electrodes having different polarities are shorted due to a process defect.

이러한 문제는 대량생산을 어렵게 하여 제품의 수율(yield)을 현저하게 떨어뜨리는 문제점이 있다.This problem is difficult to mass production, there is a problem that significantly lowers the yield (yield) of the product.

전술한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해, 본 발명은 액정분자의 멀티도메인을 유도함으로써 광시야각과 함께 고속응답특성을 갖는 액정표시장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a fast response characteristic with a wide viewing angle by inducing multi-domains of liquid crystal molecules.

전술한 목적을 달성하기 위한, 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치는 공통전극이 형성된 상부기판과; 상기 상부기판과 일정한 갭을 가지고 위치하고, 상기 공통전극과의 사이에 수직전계와 수평전계를 형성하도록 단일 화소상에 비균일한 분포로 구성되는 화소전극이 형성된 하부기판과; 상기 상부기판과 하부기판 사이에 충진되며, 수직배열을 하는 강유전성액정을 포함한다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device including: an upper substrate on which a common electrode is formed; A lower substrate having a constant gap with the upper substrate, and having a pixel electrode formed of a non-uniform distribution on a single pixel so as to form a vertical electric field and a horizontal electric field between the common electrode; Filled between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and includes a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a vertical arrangement.

상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극은 투명전극인 것을 특징으로 한다.The pixel electrode and the common electrode may be transparent electrodes.

상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극에 의해 배열되는 액정은 광투과축 방향이 동일한 액정으로 집합된 도메인이 다수개 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.The liquid crystal arranged by the pixel electrode and the common electrode may have a plurality of domains aggregated into liquid crystals having the same light transmission axis direction.

본 발명의 특징에 따른 액정표시장치 제조방법은 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판을 구비하는 단계와; 상기 제 1 기판의 안쪽 면에 공통전극을 형성하는 단계와; 상기 제 2 기판 상에 어레이배선을 형성하고, 각 어레이배선의 교차에 의해 정의된 화소영역 상에 상기 공통전극과의 사이에 수평전계가 형성되도록 비균일한 분포로 구성된 화소전극을 형성하는 단계와; 상기 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판을 합착하는 단계와; 상기 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판 사이에 강유전성 액정을 충진하는 단계를 포함한다. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: providing a first substrate and a second substrate; Forming a common electrode on an inner surface of the first substrate; Forming an array wiring on the second substrate, and forming a pixel electrode having a non-uniform distribution such that a horizontal electric field is formed between the common electrode on the pixel region defined by the intersection of each array wiring; ; Bonding the first substrate and the second substrate to each other; Filling a ferroelectric liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate.

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명하도록 한다. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 3은 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태의 본 발명에 따른 개략적인 액정표시장치를 보인 분해 사시도이다.3 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic liquid crystal display according to the present invention without a voltage applied thereto.

도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 강유전성 액정표시장치의 전면에 걸쳐 투명한 공통전극(109)이 형성된 상부기판(101)과, 상기 상부기판(101)과 소정간격 이격되고, 단일 화소영역 상에 같은 핑거형태의 전극이 서로 연결된 구조인 화소전극(103)이 형성된 하부기판(105)과, 상기 상부기판(101)과 하부기판(105)의 사이에 나선형 구조를 하면서 각 분자의 평균 투과축방향이 상기 하부기판(105)과 상기 상부기판(101)에 대해 수직배열하는 강유전성 액정(107)이 충진되어 있다.As shown, the upper substrate 101 having the transparent common electrode 109 formed over the entire surface of the ferroelectric liquid crystal display according to the present invention is spaced apart from the upper substrate 101 by a predetermined distance, and the same on the single pixel region. An average transmission axis direction of each molecule is formed in a spiral structure between the lower substrate 105 and the upper substrate 101 and the lower substrate 105 on which the pixel electrodes 103 are formed in which finger electrodes are connected to each other. A ferroelectric liquid crystal 107 is vertically arranged with respect to the lower substrate 105 and the upper substrate 101.

도 4a 내지 도 4b 본 발명에 따른 화소전극의 변형된 예를 나타내는 분해 사시도이다.4A to 4B are exploded perspective views illustrating a modified example of the pixel electrode according to the present invention.

도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 화소전극(103)의 형태는 다수의 도메인을 형성할 수 있는 여러 형태로의 변형이 가능하다.As shown, the shape of the pixel electrode 103 according to the present invention can be modified in various forms that can form a plurality of domains.

상기와 같은 화소전극을 포함한 전술한 구성을 갖는 액정표시장치에 전압을 인가하면, 상기 액정은 인가된 전계에 대해 수직 배열하게 된다. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device having the above-described configuration including the pixel electrode as described above, the liquid crystal is arranged vertically with respect to the applied electric field.

이와 같은 동작을 도 5를 참조하여 설명하도록 한다.This operation will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

도 5는 전압이 인가되지 않은 상태의 본 발명에 따른 개략적인 액정표시장치의 단면을 도시한 단면도이다.5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to the present invention without a voltage applied thereto.

전술한 바와 같이, 상부기판(101)과 하부기판(105)에 전압을 인가하면, 도시한 바와 같이 상기 공통전극(109)에 대응된 위치에 형성된 화소전극(103)간에는 수직한 전기장 성분이 존재하게 되나, 수직 전기장 성분은 수직배향된 액정의 배열에는 영향을 미치지 못한다.As described above, when a voltage is applied to the upper substrate 101 and the lower substrate 105, a vertical electric field component exists between the pixel electrodes 103 formed at positions corresponding to the common electrode 109 as shown. However, the vertical electric field component does not affect the arrangement of the vertically aligned liquid crystal.

따라서, 화소전극(103)이 형성되지 않은 부분에 위치한 액정의 평균 투과축방향(114)은 수평전기장 성분의 영향을 받아 배열하게 된다.Therefore, the average transmission axis direction 114 of the liquid crystal positioned at the portion where the pixel electrode 103 is not formed is arranged under the influence of the horizontal electric field component.

따라서, 이 부분에 위치한 상기 강유전성 액정(107)은 상기 수평성분의 전기장에 의해 액정의 평균 투과축방향(114)이 상기 수평성분에 수직방향으로 배열된다.Thus, the ferroelectric liquid crystal 107 located in this portion is arranged such that the average transmission axis direction 114 of the liquid crystal is perpendicular to the horizontal component by the electric field of the horizontal component.

이때 상기 전기장의 수평성분은 상기 하부 화소전극(103)과 상기 공통전극(109)과의 거리에 따라 균일하지 않으므로, 상기 개개의 화소전극(103)사이에는 투과율의 차이가 생기게 된다.In this case, since the horizontal component of the electric field is not uniform according to the distance between the lower pixel electrode 103 and the common electrode 109, there is a difference in transmittance between the individual pixel electrodes 103.

따라서, 종래의 IPS모드에서 보다 투과축의 방향이 조금씩 다른 멀티도메인(multi domain)의 액정분자층을 얻을 수 있다.Therefore, it is possible to obtain a multi-domain liquid crystal molecular layer having a slightly different direction of the transmission axis than in the conventional IPS mode.

도 6은 전압을 인가하였을 경우, 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치의 개략적인 평면을 도시한 평면도이다.6 is a plan view showing a schematic plane of the liquid crystal display according to the present invention when a voltage is applied.

도시한 바와 같이, 동일성분의 전압이 인가되는 하부기판의 화소전극(103)사이에는 상기 공통전극(도 5의 109)과 화소전극(103)에 의해 인가된 전기장에 의해 각각의 투과축 방향이 동일한 액정분자들로만 형성된 다수의 도메인(multi domain)(113)(115)을 형성한다.As shown in the drawing, between the pixel electrodes 103 of the lower substrate to which the voltage of the same component is applied, each transmission axis direction is changed by the electric field applied by the common electrode 109 of FIG. 5 and the pixel electrode 103. A plurality of domains 113 and 115 formed only of the same liquid crystal molecules are formed.

도 7은 도 6에 간략히 구성된 각 도메인(113)(115)에 포함되는 액정분자와,액정표시장치의 상부기판(도 3의 101)과 하부기판(도 3의 105)에 위치하고 각각 소정의 광투과축을 갖는 상부 편광판의 투과축방향(117)과 하부 편광판의 투과축방향(119)을 비교한 도면이다.FIG. 7 illustrates liquid crystal molecules included in each of the domains 113 and 115 briefly illustrated in FIG. 6, and is disposed on the upper substrate (101 in FIG. 3) and the lower substrate (105 in FIG. 3) of the liquid crystal display device. It is a figure which compared the transmission axis direction 117 of the upper polarizing plate which has a transmission axis, and the transmission axis direction 119 of the lower polarizing plate.

도시한 바와 같이, 편광판의 투과축 방향에 45o방향으로 액정의 광축이 놓여져 입사된 편광성분의 방향이 변한다.As shown, the optical axis of the liquid crystal is placed in the 45 o direction in the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate to change the direction of the incident polarization component.

이 때 두 성분의 액정은 기판에 수직인 방향으로 입사하는 빛에 대해서는 동일하고 경사 입사하는 빛에 대해서는 보상역할을 하여 광시야각이 가능하다.At this time, the liquid crystal of the two components is the same for the light incident in the direction perpendicular to the substrate and the compensation role for the light incident to the oblique angle can be a wide viewing angle.

또한, 더욱더 시야각을 개선하기 위해, 기판외측에 보상필름을 적용할 수 있다.In addition, in order to further improve the viewing angle, a compensation film may be applied to the outside of the substrate.

따라서, 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명에 따른 액정표시장치는 공통전극과 화소 전극에 의한 전기장이 비균일하게 분포하도록 하여, 이에 의해 배열되는 다수의 강유전성 액정의 집합체인 액정의 멀티도메인을 형성하여, 강유전성 액정을 사용함으로써 얻을 수 있는 고속응답특성과 함께 광시야각 특성을 얻을 수 있는 효과가 있다.















Therefore, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention as described above, so that the electric field by the common electrode and the pixel electrode is non-uniformly distributed, thereby forming a multi-domain of the liquid crystal, which is a collection of a plurality of ferroelectric liquid crystals arranged, thereby the ferroelectric In addition to the high-speed response characteristics obtained by using liquid crystals, there is an effect of obtaining a wide viewing angle characteristic.















Claims (4)

공통전극이 형성된 상부기판과;An upper substrate on which a common electrode is formed; 상기 상부기판과 일정한 갭을 가지고 위치하고, 상기 공통전극과의 사이에 수직전계와 수평전계를 형성하도록 단일 화소상에 비균일한 분포로 구성되는 화소전극이 형성된 하부기판과; A lower substrate having a constant gap with the upper substrate, and having a pixel electrode formed of a non-uniform distribution on a single pixel so as to form a vertical electric field and a horizontal electric field between the common electrode; 상기 상부기판과 하부기판 사이에 충진되며, 수직배열을 하는 강유전성액정A ferroelectric liquid crystal filled between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and vertically arranged. 을 포함하는 액정표시장치.Liquid crystal display comprising a. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극은 투명전극인 액정표시장치.The pixel electrode and the common electrode are transparent electrodes. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 화소전극과 상기 공통전극에 의해 배열되는 액정은 광투과축 방향이 동일한 액정으로 집합된 도메인이 다수개 있는 액정표시장치. And a plurality of domains in which liquid crystals arranged by the pixel electrode and the common electrode are aggregated into liquid crystals having the same light transmission axis direction. 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판을 구비하는 단계와;Providing a first substrate and a second substrate; 상기 제 1 기판의 안쪽 면에 공통전극을 형성하는 단계와;Forming a common electrode on an inner surface of the first substrate; 상기 제 2 기판 상에 어레이배선을 형성하고, 각 어레이배선의 교차에 의해 정의된 화소영역 상에 상기 공통전극과의 사이에 수평전계가 형성되도록 비균일한 분포로 구성된 화소전극을 형성하는 단계와;Forming an array wiring on the second substrate, and forming a pixel electrode having a non-uniform distribution such that a horizontal electric field is formed between the common electrode on the pixel region defined by the intersection of each array wiring; ; 상기 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판을 합착하는 단계와;Bonding the first substrate and the second substrate to each other; 상기 제 1 기판과 제 2 기판 사이에 강유전성 액정을 충진하는 단계Filling a ferroelectric liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate 를 포함하는 액정표시장치 제조방법. Liquid crystal display device manufacturing method comprising a.
KR1019990052214A 1999-11-23 1999-11-23 Liquid crystal display device and the method thereof KR100679520B1 (en)

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KR100802306B1 (en) * 2000-07-31 2008-02-11 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 Liquid Crystal Display Device and Method of Fabricating the same
KR100494684B1 (en) * 2000-12-01 2005-06-13 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 Fringe filed switching mode lcd with vertically aligned ferro electric liquid crystal

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JPH0736058A (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-07 Hitachi Ltd Active matrix type liquid crystal display device
KR980010539A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-04-30 가네꼬 히사시 In-plane type liquid crystal display device with improved image quality
KR19990047252A (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-07-05 김영환 Liquid crystal display with improved color shift
KR19990048087A (en) * 1997-12-08 1999-07-05 김영환 Liquid crystal display

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JPH0736058A (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-07 Hitachi Ltd Active matrix type liquid crystal display device
KR980010539A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-04-30 가네꼬 히사시 In-plane type liquid crystal display device with improved image quality
KR19990047252A (en) * 1997-12-03 1999-07-05 김영환 Liquid crystal display with improved color shift
KR19990048087A (en) * 1997-12-08 1999-07-05 김영환 Liquid crystal display

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