KR100667200B1 - Control method for recovering refrigerant of air conditioner - Google Patents

Control method for recovering refrigerant of air conditioner Download PDF

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KR100667200B1
KR100667200B1 KR1020050037991A KR20050037991A KR100667200B1 KR 100667200 B1 KR100667200 B1 KR 100667200B1 KR 1020050037991 A KR1020050037991 A KR 1020050037991A KR 20050037991 A KR20050037991 A KR 20050037991A KR 100667200 B1 KR100667200 B1 KR 100667200B1
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refrigerant
gas pipe
pressure gas
refrigerant recovery
pipe
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KR1020050037991A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20060115515A (en
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최우창
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삼성전자주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units

Abstract

본 발명은 3관식 구조를 가지며 하나의 실외기에 복수의 실내기가 연결되는 냉난방 겸용의 시스템 에어컨에 관한 것으로, 실내기 및 배관에 있는 냉매를 실외기로 원활하게 회수하도록 하는 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention relates to a system air conditioner for a combined air-conditioning system having a three-pipe structure and having a plurality of indoor units connected to one outdoor unit, and provides a refrigerant recovery control method of an air conditioner for smoothly recovering refrigerant in an indoor unit and a pipe to an outdoor unit. The purpose is.

이를 위해 본 발명은, 하나의 실외기에 고압가스관, 저압가스관 및 고압액관을 통해 복수의 실내기가 독립적으로 연결되어 냉매를 전달하는 에어컨의 제어방법에 있어서, 냉매회수모드인가 판단하고, 냉매회수모드이면 냉방운전을 수행하여 상기 실내기 및 배관의 냉매를 저압가스관을 통해 실외기로 회수하는 냉매회수운전을 개시하고, 상기 냉매회수운전이 개시되면 냉매회수밸브를 개방하여 상기 고압가스관의 냉매를 저압가스관으로 바이패스하고, 상기 냉매회수운전 시 상기 저압가스관의 압력 변화를 검출하여 저압측 압력이 미리 정해진 일정압력 이하로 떨어지면 냉방운전을 정지하면서 상기 냉매회수밸브를 폐쇄하여 냉매회수운전을 종료하는 것이다.To this end, the present invention is a control method of an air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are independently connected to a single outdoor unit through a high pressure gas pipe, a low pressure gas pipe, and a high pressure liquid pipe to transfer a coolant. Initiate a refrigerant recovery operation to recover the indoor unit and the refrigerant in the pipe to the outdoor unit through the low pressure gas pipe by performing a cooling operation. When the refrigerant recovery operation is started, the refrigerant recovery valve is opened to bypass the refrigerant in the high pressure gas pipe to the low pressure gas pipe. When passing through the refrigerant recovery operation, the pressure change of the low pressure gas pipe is detected, and when the low pressure side pressure drops below a predetermined constant pressure, the cooling operation is stopped while closing the refrigerant recovery valve to terminate the refrigerant recovery operation.

Description

에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법{Control method for recovering refrigerant of air conditioner}Control method for recovering refrigerant of air conditioner

도 1은 본 발명의 냉매회수장치가 설치된 시스템 에어컨의 냉매 유로도,1 is a refrigerant flow path of a system air conditioner installed with a refrigerant recovery device of the present invention;

도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 의한 시스템 에어컨의 냉매회수장치의 제어 구성도,2 is a control block diagram of a refrigerant recovery device of a system air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 시스템 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법의 동작 흐름도.3 is an operation flowchart of a refrigerant recovery control method for a system air conditioner according to the present invention;

*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10 : 실외기 12 : 압축기10: outdoor unit 12: compressor

20a,20b,20c,20d : 실내기 30 : 냉난방전환기20a, 20b, 20c, 20d: Indoor unit 30: Air conditioning unit

31a,31b,31c,31d : 난방밸브 32a,32b,32c,32d : 냉방밸브31a, 31b, 31c, 31d: Heating valve 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d: Cooling valve

35 : 냉매회수밸브 36 : 캐필러리 튜브35: refrigerant recovery valve 36: capillary tube

37 : 고압가스관 38 : 저압가스관37: high pressure gas pipe 38: low pressure gas pipe

39 : 고압액관39: high pressure liquid pipe

본 발명은 3관식 구조를 가지며 하나의 실외기에 복수의 실내기가 연결되는 냉난방 겸용의 시스템 에어컨에 관한 것으로, 특히 실내기 및 배관에 있는 냉매를 실외기로 원활하게 회수하는 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a system air conditioner for both air conditioning and heating, having a three-pipe structure, in which a plurality of indoor units are connected to one outdoor unit, and more particularly, to a refrigerant recovery control method for an air conditioner for smoothly recovering refrigerant in an indoor unit and a pipe to an outdoor unit. .

일반적으로, 에어컨은 실내의 냉방 또는 난방을 수행하기 위한 목적으로 사용되는 장치로서, 실내기 및 실외기 상호간에 냉매를 순환시켜 액체상태의 냉매가 기화할 때에 주위의 열을 흡수하며 액화할 때에 그 열을 방출하는 특성에 의하여 냉방 또는 난방작용을 수행하게 되며, 에어컨의 냉방 또는 난방작용은 그 냉매의 순환방향에 따라 결정된다.In general, an air conditioner is a device used for cooling or heating indoors, and circulates a refrigerant between an indoor unit and an outdoor unit to absorb ambient heat when the liquid refrigerant evaporates and absorbs the heat when liquefied. Cooling or heating is performed by the releasing property, and cooling or heating of the air conditioner is determined according to the circulation direction of the refrigerant.

통상의 에어컨은 하나의 실외기에 하나의 실내기를 설치하는 것이 일반적이나, 최근에는 하나 또는 하나 이상의 실외기에 다양한 형태와 용량을 갖는 복수의 실내기를 연결하여 학교나 회사, 그리고 빌딩과 같이 분리된 공간이 다수 개 존재하는 장소에 대하여 각각 냉방 또는 난방운전을 동시에 수행하는 시스템 에어컨(Multi-system air conditioner)에 대한 사용자의 요구가 증가하는 추세이다.A typical air conditioner is to install one indoor unit in one outdoor unit, but recently, a plurality of indoor units having various shapes and capacities are connected to one or more outdoor units to separate a space such as a school, a company, and a building. Increasingly, user demand for multi-system air conditioners that simultaneously perform cooling or heating operations for a plurality of locations is increasing.

이러한 시스템 에어컨의 대형화 추세에 따라 많은 양의 냉매가 시스템 내부에 존재하는데, 환경보호에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 현 시점에서 실외기의 이전설치 시나 실내기측에 문제가 발생하여 배관을 분리할 경우 소비자에 대한 경제적 배려와 환경보호를 위하여 내부에 존재하는 많은 양의 냉매를 대기 중으로 방출하기보다는 실외기로 회수하여 재사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 이를 위해 대부분의 에어컨들은 냉매회수 운전모드를 지원하고 있으며 냉매와 오일을 효율적으로 실외기로 회수하기 위하여 냉방운전 시와 동일한 경로로 운전을 하고 있다.As the system air conditioner has been enlarged, a large amount of refrigerant is present in the system.At the time when interest in environmental protection is increasing, when the outdoor unit is relocated or a problem occurs in the indoor unit side, the pipe is separated from the consumer. For economic consideration and environmental protection, it is desirable to collect and reuse a large amount of refrigerant inside the outdoor unit rather than to discharge it into the atmosphere. For this purpose, most air conditioners support a refrigerant recovery operation mode and efficiently utilize refrigerant and oil. In order to recover the outdoor unit, it is operated by the same path as that of the cooling operation.

그런데, 이러한 시스템 에어컨에서 난방운전이나 냉난방 혼용운전 중 난방운전 중인 실내기를 정지하게 되면 난방용 밸브가 닫히면서 고압가스관을 통해 흐르던 냉매가 고압가스관 내부에 정체되어 시간이 흐름에 따라 고압가스관 내부에서 응축되어 상당량의 냉매가 고압가스관 내부에 고이게 된다. 따라서 냉매회수운전을 실시하더라도 고압가스관 내부에 정체된 냉매와 오일을 실외기로 완전히 회수할 수 없다는 문제점이 있었다.However, in such a system air conditioner, if the indoor unit in the heating operation is stopped during the heating operation or the mixed heating and heating operation, the heating valve is closed and the refrigerant flowing through the high pressure gas pipe is stagnated inside the high pressure gas pipe and condenses in the high pressure gas pipe as time passes. A significant amount of refrigerant accumulates inside the high pressure gas pipe. Therefore, even when the refrigerant recovery operation is performed, there is a problem in that the refrigerant and oil stagnated inside the high pressure gas pipe cannot be completely recovered to the outdoor unit.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은 운전모드에 관계없이 실내기 및 배관에 정체되어 있는 냉매와 오일을 실외기로 원활하게 회수할 수 있는 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법을 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the object of the present invention is to recover the refrigerant of the air conditioner that can smoothly recover the refrigerant and oil stagnant in the indoor unit and the piping to the outdoor unit regardless of the operation mode. To provide a control method.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은, 하나의 실외기에 고압가스관, 저압가스관 및 고압액관을 통해 복수의 실내기가 독립적으로 연결되어 냉매를 전달하는 에어컨의 제어방법에 있어서, 냉매회수모드인가 판단하고, 냉매회수모드이면 냉방운전을 수행하여 상기 실내기 및 배관의 냉매를 저압가스관을 통해 실외기로 회수하는 냉매회수운전을 개시하고, 상기 냉매회수운전이 개시되면 냉매회수밸브를 개방하여 상기 고압가스관의 냉매를 저압가스관으로 바이패스하고, 상기 냉매회수운전 시 상기 저압가스관의 압력 변화를 검출하여 저압측 압력이 미리 정해진 일정압력 이하로 떨어지면 냉방운전을 정지하면서 상기 냉매회수밸브를 폐쇄하여 냉매회수운전을 종료하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the control method of the air conditioner to deliver a refrigerant by connecting a plurality of indoor units independently through a high pressure gas pipe, a low pressure gas pipe and a high pressure liquid pipe in one outdoor unit, it is determined whether the refrigerant recovery mode, In the refrigerant recovery mode, a cooling operation is performed to initiate a refrigerant recovery operation for recovering the refrigerant in the indoor unit and the pipe to the outdoor unit through the low pressure gas pipe. When the refrigerant recovery operation is started, the refrigerant recovery valve is opened to cool the refrigerant in the high pressure gas pipe. Bypassing the low pressure gas pipe and detecting the change in the pressure of the low pressure gas pipe during the refrigerant recovery operation, if the low pressure side pressure falls below a predetermined constant pressure, the cooling operation is stopped while closing the refrigerant recovery valve to terminate the refrigerant recovery operation. It is characterized by.

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이하, 본 발명의 일실시예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 냉매회수장치가 설치된 시스템 에어컨의 냉매 유로도로서, 하나의 실외기(10)에 네 개의 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)가 연결된 상태를 예로 들어 설명한다.FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow path of a system air conditioner in which a refrigerant recovery device of the present invention is installed, in which four indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are connected to one outdoor unit 10 as an example.

도 1에서, 본 발명의 시스템 에어컨은 하나의 실외기(10)와, 실외기(10)에 병렬 연결된 제1 내지 제4실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d) 및 각 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)의 운전모드를 냉방 또는 난방모드로 전환시켜 주기 위한 냉난방전환기(30)를 포함한다.In FIG. 1, the system air conditioner of the present invention includes one outdoor unit 10, first to fourth indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d connected in parallel to the outdoor unit 10, and each indoor unit 20a, 20b, 20c, And a cooling and heating converter 30 for converting the operation mode of the 20d) into the cooling or heating mode.

상기 제1 내지 제4실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)는 냉매를 전달받아 실내공기와 열교환하는 제1 및 제2실내열교환기(21a,21b,21c,21d)와, 제1 내지 제4실내열교환기(21a,21b,21c,21d)에 연결되어 제1 내지 제4실내열교환기(21a,21b,21c,21d)에 흐르는 냉매 유량을 조절하면서 냉매를 감압 팽창시키는 제1 내지 제4실내 전동변 (22a,22b,22c,22d)을 포함하며, 각 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)와 실외기(10)는 냉난방전환기(30)의 고압가스관(37), 저압가스관(38) 및 고압액관(39)을 통해 냉매를 전달한다.The first to fourth indoor chambers 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are first and second indoor heat exchangers 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d that receive refrigerant and exchange heat with indoor air. First to fourth rooms connected to the indoor heat exchangers 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d to expand and decompress the refrigerant under reduced pressure while controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the first to fourth indoor heat exchangers 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d. Each of the indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d and the outdoor unit 10 includes the high pressure gas pipe 37, the low pressure gas pipe 38, and the air conditioner 30a. The refrigerant is transferred through the high pressure liquid tube 39.

상기 냉난방전환기(30)는 고압가스관(37)에 설치된 제1 내지 제4난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)와, 저압가스관(38)에 설치된 제1 내지 제4냉방밸브(32a,32b,32c,32d)를 포함하며, 냉방운전/난방운전/냉난방 혼용운전 등의 운전모드에 따라 난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)와 냉방밸브(32a,32b,32c,32d)를 개폐시켜 냉매의 순환경로를 변경한다.The cooling and heating converter 30 is the first to fourth heating valve (31a, 31b, 31c, 31d) provided in the high-pressure gas pipe 37, and the first to fourth cooling valve (32a, 32b) provided in the low-pressure gas pipe 38 And 32c, 32d, and open and close the heating valves 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d and the cooling valves 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d according to an operation mode such as cooling operation / heating operation / mixing and heating operation. Change the circulation path of the refrigerant.

상기 제1난방밸브 및 냉방밸브세트(31a,32a)는 제1실내열교환기(21a)와 연결된 제1냉매배관(33a)에 연결되며, 제2 내지 제4난방밸브 및 냉방밸브세트(31b,32b),(31c,32c),(31d,32d)는 순차적으로 제2 내지 제4냉매배관(33b,33c,33d)에 연결된다.The first heating valve and the cooling valve set 31a, 32a are connected to the first refrigerant pipe 33a connected to the first indoor heat exchanger 21a, and the second to fourth heating valve sets and the cooling valve set 31b, 32b), 31c, 32c, and 31d, 32d are sequentially connected to the second to fourth refrigerant pipes 33b, 33c, 33d.

상기 고압가스관(37)과 저압가스관(38) 사이에는 고압가스관(37)으로부터 저압가스관(38)으로 냉매의 바이패스가 가능하도록 바이패스용 솔레노이드밸브(35;이하, 냉매회수밸브라 한다)와, 바이패스된 냉매의 감압 및 소음저감을 위한 캐필러리 튜브(36)가 냉매회수밸브(35)의 후단에 설치되며, 상기 고압액관(39)에는 냉난방 부하비율에 따른 냉매 유량을 조절하여 분배하는 냉난방 전동변(34)이 설치된다.Between the high-pressure gas pipe 37 and the low-pressure gas pipe 38 and the bypass solenoid valve 35 (hereinafter referred to as a refrigerant recovery valve) so that the refrigerant can be bypassed from the high-pressure gas pipe 37 to the low-pressure gas pipe 38 and , The capillary tube 36 for depressurizing and reducing the noise of the bypassed refrigerant is installed at the rear end of the refrigerant recovery valve 35, and the high pressure liquid tube 39 is adjusted by adjusting a refrigerant flow rate according to a cooling and heating load ratio. Cooling heating electric valve 34 is installed.

도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 의한 시스템 에어컨의 냉매회수장치의 제어 구성도로서, 제1 내지 제4실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)는 도 1에 도시한 장치 외에 각 실 내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)의 장치들을 제어하는 제1 내지 제4실내기 마이컴(24a,24b,24c,24d)을 더 포함한다.FIG. 2 is a control configuration diagram of a refrigerant recovery device of a system air conditioner according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The first to fourth indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d may be used in addition to the apparatus shown in FIG. The apparatus further includes first to fourth indoor microcomputers 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d for controlling the devices of 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d.

냉난방전환기(30)는 제1 내지 제4난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)와 제1 내지 제4냉방밸브(32a,32b,32c,32d), 냉난방 전동변(34), 냉매회수밸브(35)를 제어하는 냉난방전환기 마이컴(40)을 더 포함한다.The air conditioner 30 is the first to fourth heating valve (31a, 31b, 31c, 31d) and the first to fourth cooling valve (32a, 32b, 32c, 32d), heating and cooling electric valve 34, refrigerant recovery valve It further includes a heating and cooling converter microcomputer (40) for controlling (35).

또한, 실외기(10)는 냉매를 고온고압의 기체상태로 압축하는 압축기(12)와, 냉매 유량을 조절하면서 열교환된 냉매를 감압 팽창시키는 실외 전동변(14)과, 냉난방전환기(30)의 저압가스관(38)에 연결된 저압측 배관의 압력을 감지하는 압력센서(16)와, 실외기(10)의 각 장치들을 제어하는 실외기 마이컴(18)을 포함한다.In addition, the outdoor unit 10 includes a compressor 12 for compressing a refrigerant into a gaseous state of high temperature and high pressure, an outdoor electric valve 14 for expanding under reduced pressure of the refrigerant exchanged while controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant, and a low pressure of the air conditioner 30. It includes a pressure sensor 16 for sensing the pressure of the low-pressure side pipe connected to the gas pipe 38, and an outdoor unit microcomputer 18 for controlling the devices of the outdoor unit 10.

이하, 상기와 같이 구성된 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법의 동작과정 및 작용효과를 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation process and operation effects of the refrigerant recovery control method of the air conditioner configured as described above will be described.

본 발명의 시스템 에어컨은 운전모드(냉방운전/난방운전/냉난방 혼용운전)에 따라 아래와 같이 동작한다.The system air conditioner of the present invention operates as follows according to an operation mode (cooling operation / heating operation / cooling / heating mixed operation).

① 냉방운전 시, 압축기(12)에서 토출된 고온고압 기체상태의 냉매는 실외열교환기를 통하여 실외공기와 열교환하면서 외부로 열을 방열하고 액체상태로 응축된 후 냉난방전환기(30)의 고압액관(39)에 연결된 배관을 통해 냉난방전환기(30)로 이송되며, 냉난방전환기(30)의 냉방운전 중인 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)에 연결된 냉매배관(33a,33b,33c,33d)을 통해 냉방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)에 전달된다. 냉방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)에 전달된 액체상태의 냉매는 실내 전동변(22a,22b,22c,22d)을 통해 저온저압의 기액상태로 변화되고, 실내열교환기 (21a,21b,21c,21d)를 통하여 액체상태의 냉매가 기체상태로 변화되면서 실내공기를 냉각한다. 저온저압 기체상태의 냉매는 냉난방전환기(30)의 냉방밸브(32a,32b,32c,32d)를 통해 냉난방전환기(30)로 회수된 후 저압가스관(38)을 통하여 압축기(12)로 흡입되면서 상기의 사이클을 반복한다.① During the cooling operation, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 12 radiates heat to the outside while heat-exchanging with outdoor air through an outdoor heat exchanger, and condenses to a liquid state. ) Is transferred to the cooling and heating converter 30 through a pipe connected to the cooling and cooling through the refrigerant pipes (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d) connected to the indoor units (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) during the cooling operation of the cooling and heating converter (30). It is transmitted to the side indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d. The liquid refrigerant delivered to the cooling side indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d is changed into a gaseous state at low temperature and low pressure through the indoor electric valves 22a, 22b, 22c, and 22d, and the indoor heat exchangers 21a, 21b. Through 21c and 21d, the liquid refrigerant is changed into a gaseous state to cool the indoor air. The low temperature low pressure gaseous refrigerant is recovered to the air conditioner 30 through the air conditioning valves 32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d of the air conditioner 30, and then sucked into the compressor 12 through the low pressure gas pipe 38. Repeat the cycle.

② 난방운전 시, 압축기(12)에서 토출된 고온고압 기체상태의 냉매는 냉난방전환기(30)의 고압가스관(37)에 연결된 배관을 통해 냉난방전환기(30)로 이송되며, 난방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)에 연결된 난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)가 열림에 따라 난방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)로 가서 실내열교환기(21a,21b,21c,21d)를 통하여 실내공기와 열교환하면서 실내로 열을 방열(난방)하고 액체 상태로 응축된다. ② In the heating operation, the refrigerant of the high temperature and high pressure gas state discharged from the compressor 12 is transferred to the air conditioning heater 30 through a pipe connected to the high pressure gas pipe 37 of the air conditioning heater 30, and the indoor unit 20a for the heating side 20a, As the heating valves 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d connected to 20b, 20c, and 20d are opened, go to the heating-side indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d to replace the indoor heat exchangers 21a, 21b, 21c, and 21d. Heat dissipation (heating) into the room while condensing in the liquid state while exchanging heat with the room air.

응축된 고온고압 액체상태의 냉매는 다시 냉난방전환기(30)에 연결된 냉매배관(33a,33b,33c,33d)을 냉난방전환기(30)로 회수된 후 고압액관(39)을 통해 실외기로 유입되고, 실외 전동변(14)에 의해 감압 후 실외열교환기에서 증발되어 저온저압의 기체상태로 변화되고, 다시 압축기(12)로 흡입되어 상기의 사이클을 반복한다.The condensed refrigerant in the high temperature and high pressure liquid state is returned to the outdoor unit through the high pressure liquid tube 39 after recovering the refrigerant pipes 33a, 33b, 33c, and 33d connected to the air conditioning converter 30 to the air conditioning unit 30, After depressurization by the outdoor electric valve 14, it is evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger to change into a gas state of low temperature and low pressure, and then sucked into the compressor 12 to repeat the above cycle.

③ 냉난방 혼용운전 시, 압축기(12)에서 토출된 고온고압 기체상태의 냉매는 냉난방전환기(30)의 고압가스관(37)에 연결된 배관을 통해 냉난방전환기(30)로 이송되며, 난방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)에 연결된 난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)가 열림에 따라 난방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)로 가서 실내열교환기(20a,20b,20c,20d)를 통하여 실내공기와 열교환하면서 실내로 열을 방열(난방)하고 액체 상태로 응축된다. 응축된 고온고압 액체상태의 냉매는 다시 냉난방전환기(30) 에 연결된 냉매배관(33a,33b,33c,33d)을 냉난방전환기(30)로 회수된다. ③ During the mixed heating and cooling operation, the refrigerant in the high temperature and high pressure gas state discharged from the compressor 12 is transferred to the air conditioning heater 30 through a pipe connected to the high pressure gas pipe 37 of the air conditioning heater 30, and the indoor unit 20a on the heating side 20a. As the heating valves 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d connected to, 20b, 20c, and 20d are opened, go to the heating side indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d, and the indoor heat exchangers 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d. Heat dissipation (heating) into the room while condensing in the liquid state while exchanging heat with the room air. The refrigerant of the condensed high temperature and high pressure liquid state is recovered to the cooling and heating converter 30 again the refrigerant pipes (33a, 33b, 33c, 33d) connected to the cooling and heating converter (30).

이때 냉난방 부하비율에 따른 냉난방전환기(30)의 냉난방 전동변(34)의 제어에 따라 일부는 냉방측 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)로 전달되어 실내공기를 냉각한 후 저온저압의 기체상태로 다시 냉난방전환기(30)로 회수됨에 따라 저압가스관(38)을 통해 압축기(12)로 흡입되고, 나머지 일부는 고압액관(39)을 통해 실외기(10)로 유입된 후 실외 전동변(14)에 의해 감압 후 실외공기와 열교환되어 저온저압의 기체상태로 변화되고, 다시 압축기(12)로 흡입되어 상기의 사이클을 반복한다.At this time, according to the control of the air-conditioning electric valve 34 of the air-conditioning converter 30 according to the air-conditioning load ratio, a part of the air is delivered to the indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d of the cooling side to cool the indoor air, and then the gas state at low pressure. As it is recovered to the heating and cooling converter 30 again, it is sucked into the compressor 12 through the low pressure gas pipe 38, and the remaining part flows into the outdoor unit 10 through the high pressure liquid pipe 39 and then the outdoor electric valve 14. After the decompression by heat exchange with the outdoor air is changed to a gas state of low temperature low pressure, and again sucked by the compressor 12 to repeat the above cycle.

각 운전모드별 냉매흐름을 보면, 냉방운전 시에는 고압액관(39)에서 저압가스관(38)으로 냉매가 흐르고, 난방운전 시에는 고압가스관(37)에서 고압액관(39)으로 냉매가 흐르며, 냉난방 혼용운전 시에는 고압가스관(37)에서 고압액관(39)/저압가스관(38)으로 냉매가 흐름을 알 수 있다.Refrigerant flow according to each operation mode, the refrigerant flows from the high pressure liquid pipe (39) to the low pressure gas pipe (38) during the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows from the high pressure gas pipe (37) to the high pressure liquid pipe (39) during the heating operation, In the mixed operation, the refrigerant flows from the high pressure gas pipe 37 to the high pressure liquid pipe 39 and the low pressure gas pipe 38.

이러한 냉매흐름을 갖는 난방운전이나 냉난방 혼용운전 중 난방운전 중인 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)를 정지하게 되면, 난방밸브(31a,31b,31c,31d)가 닫히면서 고압가스관(37)을 통해 흐르던 고압의 기액혼합냉매가 고압가스관(37) 내부에 정체되고 시간이 흐름에 따라 고압가스관(37) 내부에서 응축되어 상당량의 냉매가 고압가스관(37) 내부에 고이게 된다.When the indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d of the heating operation are stopped during the heating operation or the heating / cooling mixed operation having such a refrigerant flow, the heating valves 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d are closed to close the high pressure gas pipe 37. The high pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant flowing through is stagnated in the high pressure gas pipe 37 and condenses in the high pressure gas pipe 37 with time, and a considerable amount of refrigerant is accumulated in the high pressure gas pipe 37.

상기 고압가스관(37) 내부의 냉매는 시스템 에어컨의 대형화 추세에 따라 많은 양이 고이게 되는데, 실외기(10)의 이전설치 시나 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d)측에 문제가 발생하여 배관을 분리할 경우 고압가스관(37) 내부에 정체된 냉매를 실외기(10)로 완전히 회수하여야 한다.The refrigerant inside the high-pressure gas pipe (37) is a large amount according to the trend of the larger size of the system air conditioner, when the installation of the outdoor unit 10 or a problem occurs in the indoor unit (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) side to separate the pipe If necessary, the refrigerant stagnated inside the high-pressure gas pipe 37 must be completely recovered to the outdoor unit 10.

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 시스템 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법의 동작 흐름도이다.3 is an operation flowchart of a refrigerant recovery control method of a system air conditioner according to the present invention.

실외기(10)에 설치된 냉매회수버튼을 조작하면, 냉매회수버튼의 조작신호를 실외기 마이컴(18)에서 입력받아 냉매회수 운전모드인가를 판단한다(S100).When the coolant recovery button installed in the outdoor unit 10 is operated, the operation signal of the coolant recovery button is input from the outdoor unit microcomputer 18 to determine whether the coolant recovery operation mode is present (S100).

냉매회수 운전모드이면, 실외기 마이컴(18)에서 압축기(12)를 운전하여 시스템을 냉방운전시킴에 따라 고압액관(39) 및 실내기(20a,20b,20c,20d) 내부의 냉매와 오일이 저압가스관(38)을 통해 실외기(10)로 회수되는 냉매회수운전이 개시된다(S110~S120).In the refrigerant recovery operation mode, as the compressor 12 is operated in the outdoor unit microcomputer 18 to cool the system, the refrigerant and oil in the high pressure liquid tube 39 and the indoor units 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are stored in the low pressure gas tube. The refrigerant recovery operation to be recovered to the outdoor unit 10 through the 38 is started (S110 ~ S120).

냉방운전에 의한 냉매회수운전이 개시되면, 냉난방전환기 마이컴(40)은 냉매회수밸브(35)를 열어 주어 고압가스관(37) 내부의 냉매가 냉매회수밸브(35)을 통해 저압가스관(38)으로 바이패스되도록 한다. 상기 냉매회수밸브(35)를 통해 저압가스관(38)으로 바이패스되는 냉매는 냉매회수밸브(35)의 후단에 연결된 캐필러리 튜브(36)를 통하여 감압된 상태로 소음이 저감되면서 실외기(10)로 회수된다(S130).When the refrigerant recovery operation by the cooling operation is started, the air conditioner microcomputer 40 opens the refrigerant recovery valve 35 so that the refrigerant inside the high pressure gas pipe 37 passes through the refrigerant recovery valve 35 to the low pressure gas pipe 38. Allow bypass. The refrigerant bypassed to the low pressure gas pipe 38 through the refrigerant recovery valve 35 is reduced in the pressure-reduced state through the capillary tube 36 connected to the rear end of the refrigerant recovery valve 35 while the outdoor unit 10 It is recovered to (S130).

이때, 저압가스관(38)에 연결된 저압측 배관의 압력 변화를 압력센서(16)에서 검출하여 저압측 압력이 일정압력(냉매가 완전히 회수되었을 때의 기준압력) 이하로 떨어졌는가를 판단하여(S140), 저압측 압력이 일정압력 이하로 떨어지지 않으면 냉매가 완전히 회수되지 않았다고 판단하고 냉매회수운전이 소정시간(냉매가 완전히 회수될 수 있는 최대시간 또는 냉매회수를 위한 압축기의 무리한 운전시간;약 3분)을 경과하였는지를 판단한다(S150).At this time, the pressure sensor 16 detects the pressure change of the low pressure side pipe connected to the low pressure gas pipe 38 to determine whether the low pressure side pressure falls below a predetermined pressure (the reference pressure when the refrigerant is completely recovered) (S140). If the low pressure does not fall below a certain pressure, it is determined that the refrigerant is not completely recovered, and the refrigerant recovery operation is performed for a predetermined time (maximum time that the refrigerant can be fully recovered or excessive operation time of the compressor for refrigerant recovery; about 3 minutes) It is determined whether the elapsed time (S150).

냉매회수운전이 소정시간을 경과하면, 냉매가 완전히 회수되었다고 판단함과 동시에 압축기(12)의 무리한 운전을 방지하기 위해 압축기(12)의 운전을 정지하면서 냉매회수밸브(35)를 닫아 준다(S160).When the refrigerant recovery operation passes a predetermined time, the refrigerant recovery valve 35 is determined to be completely recovered and the refrigerant recovery valve 35 is closed while the operation of the compressor 12 is stopped in order to prevent excessive operation of the compressor 12 (S160). ).

한편, 상기 단계S140에서의 판단결과, 저압측 압력이 일정압력 이하로 떨어지지면 냉매가 완전히 회수되었다고 판단하고 압축기(12)의 운전을 정지하면서 냉매회수밸브(35)를 닫아 준다.On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S140, when the low pressure side pressure falls below a predetermined pressure, it is determined that the refrigerant is completely recovered, and the refrigerant recovery valve 35 is closed while the operation of the compressor 12 is stopped.

상기의 설명에서와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법에 의하면, 운전모드에 관계없이 실내기 및 실내/외의 배관에 정체되어 있는 모든 냉매와 오일을 실외기로 원활하게 회수할 수 있다는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the refrigerant recovery control method of the air conditioner according to the present invention, it is possible to smoothly recover all the refrigerant and oil stagnant in the indoor unit and the indoor / outdoor piping regardless of the operation mode to the outdoor unit. have.

또한, 본 발명은 고압가스관과 저압가스관 사이에 냉매회수용 솔레노이드밸브와 캐필러리 튜브를 설치하여 냉매와 오일을 회수하므로 설치비용이 저렴하며 냉매회수 시 소음을 줄일 수 있다는 효과가 있다.In addition, the present invention is installed between the high-pressure gas pipe and the low-pressure gas pipe and the refrigerant recovery solenoid valve and the capillary tube to recover the refrigerant and oil, the installation cost is low and there is an effect that can reduce the noise during the refrigerant recovery.

삭제delete

Claims (5)

삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 하나의 실외기에 고압가스관, 저압가스관 및 고압액관을 통해 복수의 실내기가 독립적으로 연결되어 냉매를 전달하는 에어컨의 제어방법에 있어서,In a control method of an air conditioner, a plurality of indoor units are independently connected to one outdoor unit through a high pressure gas pipe, a low pressure gas pipe, and a high pressure liquid pipe to deliver a refrigerant. 냉매회수모드인가 판단하고,Determine if the refrigerant recovery mode, 냉매회수모드이면 냉방운전을 수행하여 상기 실내기 및 배관의 냉매를 저압가스관을 통해 실외기로 회수하는 냉매회수운전을 개시하고,In the refrigerant recovery mode, a cooling operation is performed to recover the refrigerant of the indoor unit and the pipe to the outdoor unit through the low pressure gas pipe, 상기 냉매회수운전이 개시되면 냉매회수밸브를 개방하여 상기 고압가스관의 냉매를 저압가스관으로 바이패스하고,When the refrigerant recovery operation is started, the refrigerant recovery valve is opened to bypass the refrigerant in the high pressure gas pipe to the low pressure gas pipe, 상기 냉매회수운전 시 상기 저압가스관의 압력 변화를 검출하여 저압측 압력이 미리 정해진 일정압력 이하로 떨어지면 냉방운전을 정지하면서 상기 냉매회수밸브를 폐쇄하여 냉매회수운전을 종료하는 것을 특징으로 하는 에어컨의 냉매회수 제어방법.Refrigerant of the air conditioner, by detecting a change in the pressure of the low pressure gas pipe during the refrigerant recovery operation, when the low pressure side pressure falls below a predetermined predetermined pressure, the cooling operation is stopped and the refrigerant recovery operation is terminated by closing the refrigerant recovery valve. Recovery control method.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190035057A (en) * 2017-09-26 2019-04-03 엘지전자 주식회사 Air conditional and control method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190035057A (en) * 2017-09-26 2019-04-03 엘지전자 주식회사 Air conditional and control method thereof
KR102368987B1 (en) * 2017-09-26 2022-03-02 엘지전자 주식회사 Air conditional and control method thereof

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