KR100664882B1 - Bio-filter media composition for deordorization and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A bio-filter media composition for deodorization and a deodorizer using the same are provided to stably grow germs by attaching an air permeable bio-compost and to equally disperse an offensive odor through a gap among media. The bio-filter media composition(11) for deodorization consists of granule-type porous expansion clay of 60~71vol.% with the particle size of 2~16mm; crushed porous expansion clay of 15~25vol.% with the particle size of 4~16mm; plastic zeolite of 2~3vol.% with the particle size of 1~3mm and good ionic substitution performance; crushed seashells of 2~13vol.% with the particle size of 4~20mm; and an air permeable bio-compost of 10~21vol.%. The air permeable bio-compost consists of the peat mixture of 50~67vol.%, barks of 15~25vol.% containing fibers, fine sand of 15~25vol.%, plasticized loess powders of 2~6vol.%, and quick lime fertilizer of 1~3vol.%.

Description

Bio filter media composition for deodorization and deodorizer using the same {Bio-Filter Media Composition for Deordorization and Apparatus therefor}

1 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of a deodorizer in which a deodorizing biofilter media composition according to the present invention is installed inside a housing.

2 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of a deodorizer in which a pretreatment filter media composition and a deodorization biofilter media composition are installed to be separated inside a housing to perform a two-step deodorization process.

Brief description of the main symbols in the drawing

1: Deodorizer 11: Biofilter Media Composition

12: pop-clay layer 13: support

14: air blocking member 15: water injector

16: fan 21, 31: upper space

22, 32: lower space 30: filter media composition for pretreatment

35: blocking wall

Field of invention

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly and biological air purification method for effectively converting odor components of odor generated in sewage treatment plants, pig farms, livestock wastewater treatment plants, various chemical plants, etc. into water and CO ₂ , and more specifically, excellent in deodorizing effect. The present invention relates to a biofilter media composition and a deodorizer using the same.

Background of the Invention

Odor odors from sewage treatment plants, pig farms, livestock wastewater treatment plants, slaughterhouses, food plants, and various chemical plants are classified into sulfur odors, nitrogen odors, and volatile organic substance (VOCs) odors. These odor components are converted to water and CO ₂ to remove the odor.

A sulfur-based odors are hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), methyl mercaptan (CH ₃ SH), dimethyl di-mercaptan water and CO _2, as are the following reaction formula _{((CH 3) 2 S 2} ) and the like, these components Is switched.

S-RH + O ₂ ⇒ SO ₄ ^-2 or S + CO ₂ + H ₂ O

Nitrogen-based odor components include ammonia (NH ₃ ), trimethylamine ((CH ₃ ) ₃ N and the like, these components are converted to water and CO ₂ as shown in the following scheme.

_{N-RH + O 2 ⇒ NO} 3 - + CO 2 + H 2 O

Volatile organic odor components include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene BTX, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, etc., which are converted into water and CO ₂ as shown in the following scheme:

C _n H _m + O ₂ ⇒ CO ₂ + H ₂ O

Particularly, when hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), which is a sulfur-based malodorous component, is 30 ppm or more, sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) is formed by reaction with water (H ₂ O), which is an environment in which microorganisms cannot survive. Therefore, in order to remove hydrogen sulfide, a seashell shell component containing a large amount of CaCO ₃ (lime component) can be added. In this case, the reaction is as follows.

S-RH + CaCO ₃ + 2H ₂ O ⇒ CaSO ₄ 2H ₂ + CO ₂

In order to remove such odor components, the deodorizing biofilter should serve as a media for culturing microorganisms. That is, odor components are degraded by the cultured microorganisms. Therefore, the biofilter as media has high odor removal efficiency, durability, homogeneity of filter media, optimal microbial growth conditions, buffer ability against temperature and pH value ups and downs, self pH control ability, viability at system shutdown, and self humidity control. It should have such a function.

In particular, in order to have culture conditions for microorganisms, the biofilter media should have good water retention, drainage and breathability. Water-retaining refers to a water-containing property. Good water-retaining means good water content in the media. Drainage means water-free water in the media. Good water-repellency means good water draining. There is an advantage that can be prevented, and breathable refers to the air flow of the cultured soil, and if the breathability is good, it means that the exchange of purified gas and inflow odor in the media is smooth. In addition, the media should not be broken well, which is to prevent gout and drainage by blocking the media between the media to prevent the risk of overheating, while too hard to interfere with microbial growth. The median is moderately acidic with a pH of about 5.5-6.5.

The media, which have been used as biofilters until now, is composed of a bulk, plate, or columnar structure, which has a high porosity of 40% or more, and stable growth of microorganisms is impossible, and only inorganic porous bodies or artificial nutrients are periodically applied to the porous bodies. Because it is used by injection, microorganisms are not extinguished or sound growth is not possible, so excellent odor removal effect could not be expected.

Accordingly, the present inventors have developed a biofilter structure (composition) and have been patented with the patent No. 494448 (filed Sep. 24, 2004). However, the biofilter structure having the composition of this patent is poor in water retention and drainage, and the air permeability is not evenly distributed, and thus, the odor removing effect is not excellent.

The present inventors made up of porous expanded clay of granules, broken porous expanded clay with excellent water absorption, plastic zeolite with excellent ion-replacement ability, sea shells containing a lot of lime components, and breathable biocompost to solve all the above-mentioned drawbacks. The development of the biofilter media composition of the present invention is almost perfect odor removal effect.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a biofilter media composition composed of a granular structure and having a low porosity of 24 to 28%.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter media composition capable of healthy growth without the disappearance of microorganisms.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter media composition having good water retention and drainage properties, and which can be evenly distributed throughout.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter composition in which the median particle is made into a granular structure in the form of granules, so that drainage and aeration are smooth, thereby improving the respiration and development of microorganisms.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biofilter media composition having excellent malodor removing effect and a deodorizer using the same.

Both the above and other objects of the present invention can be achieved by the present invention described in detail below.

Summary of the Invention

Deodorizing biofilter media composition of the present invention is 60 to 71% by volume granular porous expanded clay having a particle size of 2-16 mm, 15-25% by volume broken porous expanded clay having a particle size of 4-16 mm, excellent ion exchange capacity It is characterized by consisting of 2 to 3% by volume of calcined zeolite having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm, 2 to 13% by volume of broken sea shells having a particle size of 4 to 20 mm, and 10 to 21% by volume of a breathable biocompost.

The biofilter media composition has a granular structure and has a low porosity of 24 to 28%.

The breathable biocompost contains a peat mixture, a high fibrous bark, and silver sand or zeolite powder as a main component, and contains a small amount of calcined ocher powder and quicklime fertilizer. This breathable biocompost contains 50 to 67% by volume peat mixture, 15 to 25% by volume fibrous bark, 15 to 25% by volume silver sand (or zeolite powder), 2 to 6% by calcined ocher powder, and quicklime fertilizer 1 It consists of-3 volume%.

The peat mixture is composed of natural peat, charcoal, cocoa fiber, pearlite, wood vinegar, and urea bone powder, natural peat 60-77% by volume, charcoal 2-5% by volume, cocoa fiber 10-15% by volume, pearlite 10-25 It is preferable that volume% and 0.01-3 volume% of wood vinegar and urea bone powder consist of.

The above components are uniformly mixed to prepare a deodorizing biofilter media composition according to the present invention, and the composition is filled in a deodorizer to form a thickness in the range of 1 to 2 m.

In the present invention, a deodorizer for purifying contaminated air using the biofilter media composition, and air having a high contaminant concentration are first pretreated with a filter media composition for pretreatment before purifying the contaminated air using the biofilter media composition. Next, a deodorizer for performing a two-step deodorization step of purifying again with the biofilter media composition is also included.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the contents of the present invention.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Deodorizing biofilter media composition of the present invention is 60 to 71% by volume granular porous expanded clay having a particle size of 2-16 mm, 15-25% by volume broken porous expanded clay having a particle size of 4-16 mm, excellent ion exchange capacity It is characterized by consisting of 2 to 3% by volume of calcined zeolite having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm, 2 to 13% by volume of broken sea shells having a particle size of 4 to 20 mm, and 10 to 21% by volume of a breathable biocompost.

Porous expanded clay has been used as a media for deodorizing biofilters in the prior art, but in the present invention, one of the characteristics of the present invention is to use not only granular porous expanded clay but also mixed broken porous expanded clay to increase water absorption. Expanded clay is expanded by internal moisture when the clay is heated in a rotary kiln furnace at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher. The expanded clay must be heated to 1200 ° C. or higher so that a certain amount of strength and pores are formed.

Porous expanded clay, 2-16 mm in size, is less dense and porous than pumice and lava (density: 400-500㎏.m ^-3 ). Porous expanded clay in its original state is less effective in absorbing water due to the closure of internal pores. The expanded clay has a pH of 7-10, with significant amounts of calcium, magnesium, and sulfates, and at low pH, magnesium is released. In particular, it does not have nutrients, so it is easy to mix raw materials.

Broken porous expanded clay of 4-16㎜ size has good water absorption and high efficiency due to the opening and closing of internal pores. Broken porous expanded clay retains the moisture layer to absorb enough moisture to the microorganisms and is excellent in moisture and breathability. Its minerals help keep microorganisms healthy.

The granular porous expanded clay having a particle size of 2 to 16 mm is preferably 60 to 71% by volume and 15 to 25% by volume of broken porous expanded clay having a particle size of 4 to 16 mm based on the total media composition. These porous bodies are mixed properly to increase the water holding power.

Calcined zeolite is tuff modified water, and chemical composition is hydrous silicate mineral with cation exchange function such as aluminum silicate. Representative chemical formulas of zeolites are (Na, Ca) ₂ (Al ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₀ ) .8H ₂ O. Among the zeolites produced in nature, Clinoptilolite is the main component and has a pore size of 30-100 m2 / g with specific pore size. It has adsorption characteristics of cations and polar molecules. Dried products have a high specific surface area and high cation exchange capacity (CEC), contain alkali and earth metals, have good repair and preservation power, and can be used as a remediator for acidified and aged soils. Structural properties of zeolites are suitable for gas and water adsorption, binding power, heavy metal adsorption, and microbial carriers. Cation substitution capacity CEC 100 ~ 140 Me / 100g. Effective removal of harmful gases from soil and fertilizer storage capacity (about 10 times of soil). Zeolites have the property of adsorbing ammonia nitrogen like charcoal.

The broken sea shells are rich in lime (CaCO ₃ ) and in particular, react with hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) and water (H ₂ O), which are sulfur-based odors.

S-RH + CaCO ₃ + 2H ₂ O ⇒ CaSO ₄ 2H ₂ + CO ₂

In particular, when hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), which is a sulfur-based odor component, is 30 ppm or more, sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) is formed by reacting with water (H ₂ O), whereby microorganisms cannot survive. Adsorbs hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) to significantly lower the concentration. Therefore, deodorization efficiency is increased and reliability is increased. If the hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) is 40 ppm or more, pretreatment may be necessary to reduce the hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) concentration to 30 ppm or less. It is possible.

The calcined zeolite and the broken seashells serve as neutralizing agents, and it is preferable to use 2 to 3% by volume and 2 to 13% by volume based on the total composition.

The breathable biocompost contains a peat mixture, a high fibrous bark, and silver sand or zeolite powder as a main component, and contains a small amount of calcined ocher powder and quicklime fertilizer. This breathable biocompost contains 50 to 67% by volume peat mixture, 15 to 25% by volume fibrous bark, 15 to 25% by volume silver sand (or zeolite powder), 2 to 6% by calcined ocher powder, and quicklime fertilizer 1 It consists of-3 volume%.

The breathable biocompost is a natural organic / inorganic material of the finest raw materials, increasing water and nutrient retention capacity, inhibiting phosphate fixation, attaching to the surface and space of expanded clay, activating microbial activity, reducing harmful effects of ions, preventing and buffering acidification of media. It has the effect of strengthening capacity, inducing geothermal rise and nutrient supply.

The peat mixture is composed of natural peat, charcoal, cocoa fiber, pearlite, wood vinegar, and urea bone powder, natural peat 60-77% by volume, charcoal 2-5% by volume, cocoa fiber 10-15% by volume, pearlite 10-25 It is preferable that volume% and 0.01-3 volume% of wood vinegar and urea bone powder consist of.

The fiber-rich bark is excellent in the bobbin power, breathability and moisturizing power is suitable for the growth of microorganisms and provides a long-term continuous supply of nutrients. Bark has high organic content but very low fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Bark keeps the soil's productivity, or intellect, strong. Bark is a medium used all over the world. Application and pretreatment depend on the type of bark. Compost Barks are mainly spruce and cactus. This material cannot be used as it is because it is finished for a certain period of time. In the mixture, the raw material absorbs nitric oxide, which hinders plant growth. After the compost, the material is broken and filtered off. Spruce and Misong's Compost Bark contain some elements such as manganese. Coarse barks can be used to increase breathability when mixed with high quality peat. Breathability increases significantly in proportion to the amount of bark. Bark naturally contains some nutrients. It is preferable to use the fibrous bark at 15 to 25% by volume.

Coarse sand is collected from sand pits along rivers. Various particles are applied to horticulture. The sand is heavy, low moisture buffer and in many cases low breathable. Sand has lower pores than organic soils. Sand particles vary in size. Sand is an inert and low nutrient. Sand has lime carbonate, which greatly affects the pH of peat mixtures. The sand contains various weed seeds. This pollutant is usually caused by storage. Sand is generally used to dry up peat mixtures. If the amount of sand is large, the effect of increasing pH should be considered. Zeolite powder may be used instead of solid silver sand, and is preferably used at 15-25% by volume in the total composition.

The calcined ocher powder is heat treated, so there is no risk of phytosanitary contamination. It is highly breathable and neutralizes, prevents oxidation and adjusts pH. Ocher is rich in light minerals such as quartz, calcite and feldspar, as well as heavy minerals such as mica, hornblende, fluorite and verdite. It is a trace clay mineral and also contains illite. Calcium and magnesium carbonates are high (CaCO ₃ , content of 0-33%), and when diluted hydrochloric acid is added, carbon dioxide is generated and bubbles are generated. The chemical composition excluding carbonates was 72 to 82% of SiO ₂ , 6 to 10% of Al ₂ O ₃ , 1 to 6% of Fe ₂ O ₃ , 0.8 to 1% of CaO, 0 to 1% of Na ₂ O, and 1 to _{2 of} K ₂ O. % And P ₂ O _{5 of} 0.1 to 0.4%. Ocher has excellent absorption, self-cleaning and vitality. The calcined ocher powder is preferably used at 2 to 6% by volume based on the total composition.

Quicklime fertilizers have a neutralizing function to maintain optimum pH / EC (electrical conductivity). The quicklime fertilizer is preferably used at 1 to 3% by volume based on the total composition.

The peat mixture is composed of natural peat, charcoal, cocoa fiber, pearlite, wood vinegar, and urea bone powder, natural peat 60-77% by volume, charcoal 2-5% by volume, cocoa fiber 10-15% by volume, pearlite 10-25 It is preferable that volume% and 0.01-3 volume% of wood vinegar and urea bone powder consist of.

Natural peat is a sterile, toxic, odorless, finely processed plant that has been deposited with fluids from trees and deciduous plants for thousands of years. Charcoal has antimicrobial properties that promote microbial growth and form water retention and soil voids.

Cocoa fiber is coconut shell. Pure cocoa fibers contain little moisture and are highly breathable. This is because it does not have a high pore structure. The structure of the cocoa fibers in the mixture of the present invention forms coarse pores to facilitate drainage.

Pearlite is a glassy volcanic rock found throughout the world. It is broken down and classified and expanded at about 1000 ° C. Expansion is caused by the vaporization of moisture in the mineral in a closed rock. As a result, pearlite expands to 20 times the volume. In horticulture, perlite is used as a peat mixture and as a pure culture soil. Perlite is added to improve the water absorption of the mixture and to increase porosity. Pearlite is widely used for inflow and drainage.

Add a small amount of wood vinegar and urea bone powder to adjust pH and reinforce calcium. Wood vinegar is usually produced by trapping and cooling the smoke produced when carbonizing oak (Qualcus) wood, and standing and filtering the crude wood vinegar.

1 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of a deodorizer in which a deodorizing biofilter media composition according to the present invention is installed inside a housing.

Deodorizer 1 according to the present invention using the bio filter media composition 11 is made of a closed structure, consisting of a splint and a PE net installed on the support base 13 is installed on the bottom, about the support Pop-clay layer 12 having a particle size of 20 to 40 mm and having a porosity of 45 to 55% having a diameter of 20 cm, biofilter structure 11 formed on the pop-clay layer, and biofilter structure It is composed of a water injector 15 installed in the upper portion to periodically spray water, and a fan 16 installed in the lower portion for discharging the deodorized purified air to the outside.

The deodorizer is further formed with an air blocking member 14 along the side wall of the deodorizer to block the air passing through it without being deodorized along the side wall. This air blocking member is for blocking the air passing through without being deodorized in the vicinity of the side wall, and is for enhancing the deodorizing effect.

The water injector is directly connected to the tap water to inject water at regular intervals, for example, about 5 minutes every 6 hours. This operation is performed by installing an electric valve (not shown) with a timer (not shown). It can be carried out.

The deodorizer of the present invention is manufactured in a sealed structure by a housing, and an upper space 21 into which an odor air to be treated is introduced, and a lower space 22 through which a treated purge air is discharged are formed in the upper part of the interior. do. The air deodorized and purified while passing through the biofilter composition 11 is sucked out by the fan 16.

2 is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of a deodorizer in which a pretreatment filter media composition and a deodorization biofilter media composition are installed to be separated inside a housing to perform a two-step deodorization process.

In the present invention, before purifying the contaminated air using the bio filter media composition 11, the air having a high pollution concentration is first pretreated with the filter media composition 30 for pretreatment, and then back to the bio filter media composition 11. It also includes a deodorizer which performs two steps of deodorization process to purify.

As shown in FIG. 2, the highly concentrated malodorous air is introduced into the lower space 32, first pretreated with the filter median composition 30 for pretreatment, then ascended to the upper space 31, and back to the upper space 21. After horizontal movement, the biofilter media composition 11 is purified in two stages and discharged into the lower space 22. Although not shown in FIG. 2, an air blocking member may be further formed along the side wall to block air passing through the side wall without deodorization. The region filled with the filter median composition 30 for the pretreatment and the region filled with the biofilter media composition 11 for the two-stage purification are blocked by the blocking wall 35.

The filter media composition 30 for pretreatment includes 60 to 75% by volume granular porous expanded clay having a particle size of 2 to 16 mm, 15 to 25% by volume broken porous expanded clay having a particle size of 4 to 16 mm, and a particle size of 4 to 20. It consists of 2-25% by volume of broken shellfish in mm size.

The deodorizer of the present invention is mainly manufactured in a cylindrical shape, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and may be manufactured in the form of a quadrilateral or a polygon. In addition, the size of the deodorizer may also be variously changed according to the installation site or deodorizing capacity, such modifications or changes can be easily carried out by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The composition of the present invention is attached to the breathable bio-composite to enable the stable growth of microorganisms, and the introduced odor is thin and evenly dispersed between the media, so the odor removal efficiency is extremely high. By properly blending the broken expanded clay with the original expanded clay, the moisture layer is kept uniform so that the microorganisms absorb sufficient moisture. Zeolite and ocher are calcined to provide excellent breathability, no risk of phytosanitary contamination, high biofilter media performance, and lime-rich sea shells absorb hydrogen sulphide, allowing high concentrations of 30 ppm hydrogen sulfide odor. Also, if the hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) is more than 40 ppm, pretreatment may be necessary to lower the hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) concentration to 30 ppm or less, in which case the hydrogen sulfide is increased by increasing the mixing ratio of the sea shell of the filter media. Deodorization is possible.

Simple modifications or changes of the present invention can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art, and all such modifications or changes can be seen to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

60 to 71% by volume of granular porous expanded clay having a particle diameter of 2 to 16 mm; 15-25% by volume of broken porous expanded clay having a particle size of 4-16 mm; 2-3% by volume of calcined zeolite having a particle size of 1 to 3 mm with excellent ion substitution ability; 2 to 13% by volume of broken shellfish having a particle diameter of 4 to 20 mm; And 10-21 vol% of breathable biocompost; Deodorizing biofilter media composition, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, wherein the breathable biocompost is 50 to 67% by volume peat mixture, 15 to 25% by volume bark rich in fiber, 15 to 25% by volume silver sand, 2 to 6% by calcined ocher powder, and quicklime fertilizer Deodorizing biofilter media composition comprising 1 to 3% by volume. According to claim 2, wherein the peat mixture is natural peat 60-77% by volume, charcoal 2-5% by volume, cocoa fiber 10-15% by volume, pearlite 10-25% by volume, wood vinegar and urea bone powder 0.01-3% by volume Deodorizing biofilter media composition, characterized in that consisting of. The deodorizing biofilter media composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biofilter media composition has a granular structure and has a porosity of 24 to 28%. 60 to 75% by volume of granular porous expanded clay with a particle size of 2 to 16 mm, 15 to 25% by volume of porous porous expanded clay with a particle size of 4 to 16 mm, and 2 to 25% by volume of broken sea shell with a particle size of 4 to 20 mm A pretreatment area for first treating the malodorous air having a high pollution concentration with the pretreatment filter media composition 30 composed of%; And A second purifying region with the biofilter media composition (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3; A deodorizer for performing a two-step deodorization step consisting of.

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