KR100653943B1 - Speed Reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a speed reducer, wherein the first, second and third planetary gears in which the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion are integrally formed and the number of gears of the large diameter portion is increased at a constant rate rather than the number of gears of the small diameter portion; A first planetary gear group having a first distribution plate which rotates the first, second and third planetary gears by coupling a gear to an angle of 120 ° and fixed by a hinge shaft and coupled with a rotation shaft of a motor; First ring gears engaged with small diameter portions of the first, second and third planetary gears and fixed to guide rotation of the planetary gears; And an output unit accommodating the first ring gear and outputting rotation of the planetary gear group that is engaged with the large diameter portions of the first, second and third planetary gears and is decelerated at a ratio of the number of gears of the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion. Characterized in that consists of.

Planetary gears, ring gears, reduction gears, large diameter parts, small diameter parts, multi-stage

Description

Speed Reducer

1 is a view showing a conventional speed reducer.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of the first gear reducer according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of a first gear reducer according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the first gear reducer according to the present invention.

5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of a two-stage reducer according to the present invention.

Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a two-stage reducer according to the present invention.

7 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the two-stage reducer according to the present invention.

8 is an exploded perspective view of a three-stage reducer according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings>

1: motor 2: rotating shaft

3: key 10: first planetary gear group

11,12,13: 1,2,3 planetary gears 11a, 12a, 13a: small diameter part

11b, 12b, 13b: Large diameter part 14: hinge axis

15: first distribution plate 15a: branches

20: first ring gear 21: inner gear

22: outer gear 30: output part

40: second ring gear 40 ': ring gear

50: 2nd planetary gear group 51, 52, 53: 4th, 5, 6 planetary gear

54: second distribution plate 54a, 54a ', 54a ": branch

54 ': distribution plate

51a, 52a, 53a, 51a ', 52a', 53a ': small diameter part

51b, 52b, 53b, 51b ', 52b', 53b ': Large neck

The present invention relates to a speed reducer, and more particularly to a speed reducer to be decelerated by a combination of planetary gears.

As is known, the reducer is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor to reduce the rotational speed of the motor to suit the intended use.

In general, a reducer for obtaining a deceleration by a gear train is schematically shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, the first small gear 102 fixed to the input shaft 101 is engaged with the first standby gear 103 and decelerates and transmits a large torque, while the second small gear 104 is the first standby gear. It is fixed to 103 and configured to rotate together to rotate at the same rotational speed.

In addition, the second small gear 103 is again engaged with the second standby gear 105 to decelerate and transmits a large torque, and when a further deceleration is required, the second small gear 103 is fixed to the second standby gear 105 together. By installing the small gear 106 and engaging the third small gear 106, it is further decelerated and a large torque is transmitted to the output shaft 108. The case is not shown, but is configured to be divided for assembly and disassembly of the respective gears, the input shaft 101, the first to third small gears (102, 104, 106) and the first to third standby gear (103) , 105 and 107 are rotatably supported by the case via a bearing 109 and an oil seal 109 '.

However, the gearhead of the above-described configuration has a large cost in the heat of the gear because the force applied to the final gear train, i.e., the torque is large, and the transmission torque is limited.

In addition, in order to obtain a high reduction ratio, the gear ratio must be large, and accordingly, the size of the gear or the reducer must be large, and furthermore, there is a risk of being intermittently interrupted by accumulation of backlash in the course of a plurality of deceleration steps. The problem is that it gets worse. In addition, there is a problem that the number of gears increases, the device becomes complicated, and the volume becomes large to reduce the speed to multiple stages and obtain a high reduction ratio.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a reducer that can reduce the number of parts by using a planetary gear formed integrally with a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion having a different gear ratio.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a reducer that can be reduced in size by various gear ratios by connecting the reducer in multiple stages, as well as to reduce the volume and to make it compact.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is formed integrally and the planetary gear is increased by a constant ratio of the number of gears of the large diameter than the number of gears of the small diameter portion, and the planetary gear is fixed by the hinge shaft A first planetary gear group having a first distribution plate coupled to a rotating shaft of a motor to rotate the planetary gear; First ring gears engaged with small diameter portions of the planetary gears and fixed to guide rotation of the planetary gears; An output unit accommodating the first ring gear and outputting rotation of the planetary gear group engaged with the large diameter portion of the planetary gear and decelerated at a ratio of the number of gears of the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion; Characterized in that consists of.

At this time, the planetary gear is characterized in that consisting of one or more than two, the planetary gear is made of three, it is preferable to form an angle of 120 ° each.

In addition, in the two-stage reduction gear of the present invention, the first ring gear is provided with gears at predetermined intervals inside and outside, respectively, and inner gears have first, second, and third planetary gears of the first planetary gear group. And a second ring gear which is interdigitated with the first ring gear and is interlocked with the first, second, and third planetary gears of the first planetary gear group to output decelerated rotation. And a second distribution plate coupled to the side of the second distribution plate, the second distribution plate being fixed to the second distribution plate by a hinge axis at an angle of 120 °, and the small diameter part being meshed with the outer gear of the first ring gear. And a second planetary gear group having six planetary gears, wherein the output unit is engaged with the large diameter portion of the fourth, five and six planetary gears to output the reduced rotation by the second planetary gear group to the second stage. It is characterized in that the deceleration.

In addition, the multi-stage reducer of the present invention, the first ring gear is formed in a multi-stage gear inside, a plurality of ring gears interpolated in the first ring gear; and the distribution plate coupled to the plurality of ring gear side And a plurality of planetary gears each having a small diameter part engaged with the gears in turn from the inside of the first ring gear, and the large diameter part engaged with the plurality of ring gears to output a reduced rotation to the plurality of ring gears. The output part is engaged with the large diameter part of the planetary gear located at the last stage and outputs a reduced rotation, characterized in that the speed is reduced in multiple stages.

Hereinafter, a reducer according to the present invention having the configuration as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of the first stage reducer according to the present invention, Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first stage reducer according to the present invention.

As shown, the first gear reducer according to the present invention includes the first, second, third planetary gears 11, 12, and the small diameter parts 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter parts 11b, 12b, 13b integrally formed. 13) and a first planetary machine having a first distribution plate 15 for fixing the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 by an hinge shaft 14 at an angle of 120 °, respectively. Fish group 10; First ring gears 20 engaged with small diameter portions 11a, 12a, and 13a of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13, respectively; The first planetary gear group 10, which receives the first ring gear 20 and is engaged with the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13, and is decelerated. An output unit 30 outputting a rotation of the; Is made of.

The first planetary gear group 10 includes the first, second and third planetary gears 11, 12 and 13 and the first and second planetary gears 11, 12 and 13. It consists of a distribution plate 15.

The first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are formed with the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b integrally, and the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a. The number of gears of the large-diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b is increased at a constant ratio from the number of gears of the?). Accordingly, the rotation transmitted from the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a to the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b is decelerated by this ratio. The first, second, third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are fixed to the first distribution plate 15 by a hinge shaft 14, and are hinged to form an angle of 120 °, respectively. Here, it is mentioned that the planetary gear is composed of three, but can be made of one to three according to the amount of torque output. When one planetary gear is used, it is used when the output torque is small. When two planetary gears are used, it is suitable for medium-size torque, and when three planetary gears are used as described above, a large torque is used. It is suitable for the output of. When two planetary gears are used, they are preferably hinged and symmetrically formed at an angle of 180 °, respectively. In this way, the number of planetary gears is determined according to the output torque, and when outputting a small torque, the number of planetary gears does not need to be large, thereby reducing the number of parts.

As described above, the planetary gear of the present invention is characterized in that the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion are integrally formed, and the number of gears of the large diameter portion is increased at a constant ratio than the number of gears of the small diameter portion to transmit the deceleration rotation.

The first distribution plate 15 has a shape in which the branches 15a are formed in a triangular shape to form an angle of 120 °, and the first, second and third planetary gears 11 and 12 are formed at ends of the branches 15a. And 13 are hinged and fixed by the hinge shaft 14, respectively. The first distribution plate 15 is coupled to rotate by the rotation shaft 2 and the key 3 of the motor 1, the first and second, by the rotation of the distribution plate 15, 3 The planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are rotated. In the present invention, the first distribution plate 15 has a shape in which the branches 15a are formed in a triangular shape, but may be modified in various other forms such as a triangular plate.

The first ring gear 20 is fixed, and the inner gear 21 is formed inside the first ring gear 20, and the first, second and third planetary gears are formed on the inner gear 21. Each of the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a of (11, 12, 13) is engaged with each other, and serves to guide the rotation of the meshed planetary gears (11, 12, 13).

The output unit 30 is in the form of a housing, the tooth 31 is formed on the inside, the outside of the first ring gear 20 is accommodated, the first, second, third planetary gears 11, The first planetary gear group (13, 13b) engaged with the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b and decelerated at a ratio of the number of gears of the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b ( The rotation of 10) will be output.

Referring to the operation of the first speed reducer of the present invention having the configuration as described above are as follows.

4 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the first gear reducer according to the present invention.

As shown, when the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 is rotated as ① (clockwise), the first distribution plate 15 coupled by the rotating shaft 2 and the key 3 becomes ② (clockwise). Direction), and the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 rotate in the direction of rotation (counterclockwise), and revolve in the rotation direction of the first distribution plate 15. The output part 30 connected to the large diameter part of the 1,2,3 planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 rotates as ④ (clockwise). At this time, the gears of the first, second, third planetary gears 11, 12, 13 are reduced by the difference in the number of gear teeth of the small diameter parts 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter parts 11b, 12b, 13b. The reduced speed is transmitted to the 30.

5 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of a two-stage reducer according to the present invention, Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a two-stage reducer according to the present invention.

As shown, the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 having the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b integrally formed therein, A first planetary gear group (10) having a first distribution plate (15) for fixing the planetary gears (11, 12, 13) at an angle of 120 ° to the hinge shaft (14); Gears are formed at predetermined intervals inside and outside, respectively, and include first ring gears 20; A second ring gear 40 interpolated in the first ring gear and engaged with the first, second and third planetary gear large diameter portions of the first planetary gear group inside; The second distribution plate 54 coupled to the side of the second ring gear and the small diameter portions 51a, 52a, and 53a are engaged with the outer gear 22 of the first ring gear 20; A second planetary gear group 50 having 5,6 planetary gears 51, 52, and 53; Is done.

The first planetary gear group 10 including the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 and the first distribution plate 15 fixing the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 has a structure of the first stage reducer according to the present invention. Is the same as

The first ring gear 20 has gears 21 and 22 formed therein at predetermined intervals inside and outside thereof, and the inner gear 21 has first and second parts of the first planetary gear group 10. And 3 planetary gears (11, 12, 13) are meshed.

The second ring gear 40 is inserted into the first ring gear 20 and has a large diameter portion 11b of the first, second and third planetary gears 11, 12 and 13 of the first planetary gear group 10 therein. And 12b and 13b) output the decelerated rotation. At this time, the second ring gear 40 is rotated in engagement with the first, second, third planetary gears (11, 12, 13), and accordingly a second coupled to the side of the second ring gear (40) The distribution plate 54 is rotated. The second ring gear 40 is decelerated in one stage by the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13.

The second planetary gear group 50 includes a second distribution plate 54 and fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, and 53, and has the same structure as that of the first planetary gear group 10. In order to be coupled to the second ring gear 40, the structure of the second distribution plate 54 is different.

The second distribution plate 54 has a shape where hexagonal branches 54a are formed, and each has an angle of 60 °. The ends of the three branches 54a 'at an angle of 120 ° are engaged with the second ring gear 40, and the ends of the remaining three branches 54a "are the fourth, fifth and sixth planetary gears 51. , 52 and 53 are hinged by the hinge shaft 14.

The fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, and 53 are the large diameter parts 51b, 52b, 53b and the small diameter part 51a, similarly to the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13. 52a and 53a are integrally formed. The small diameter portions 51a, 52a, 53a of the fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, 53 are engaged with the outer teeth 22 of the first ring gear, and the large diameter portions 51b, 52b, 53b) is engaged with the output unit 30 to transmit the rotation. At this time, the fourth, fifth and sixth planetary gears 51, 52 and 53 are decelerated according to the gear tooth ratio between the small diameter portions 51a, 52a and 53a and the large diameter portions 51b, 52b and 53b.

The output unit 30 meshes with the large diameter portions 51b, 52b, and 53b of the fourth, fifth and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, and 53 to output the decelerated rotation by the second planetary gear group 50. Done. At this time, the reduced speed is the speed reduced to two stages.

Referring to the operation of the two-stage reducer of the present invention having the configuration as described above are as follows.

7 is a plan view for explaining the operation of the two-stage reducer according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 is rotated in the same manner as in (clockwise) as shown in FIG. 4, the first distribution plate coupled by the rotating shaft 2 and the key 3. (15) is rotated as ② (clockwise) so that the first, second, third planetary gears (11, 12, 13) is rotated as ③ (counterclockwise) of the first distribution plate 15 The second ring gear 40 connected to the large diameter portion of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 rotates in a rotational direction as shown by ④ (clockwise). At this time, the gears of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are reduced by the difference in the number of gear teeth between the small diameter parts 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter parts 11b, 12b, 13b. The ring gear 40 is to transmit the first reduced speed. In addition, the second distribution plate 54 coupled with the second ring gear 40 is rotated as ⑤ (clockwise), and the fourth, fifth and six hinged to the end of the second distribution plate 54. Planetary gears (51, 52, 53) are rotating as ⑥ (counterclockwise) to rotate. In addition, the output portion 30 connected to the large diameter portions 51b, 52b, 53b of the fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, and 53 rotates as ⑦ (clockwise). At this time, the second gear is decelerated by the gear tooth ratio between the small diameter portions 51a, 52a, 53a and the large diameter portions 51b, 52b, 53b of the fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, 53. The second reduction speed is transmitted to the unit 30.

8 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the three-stage reducer of the present invention.

As shown, the three-stage reducer of the present invention, the structure of the first planetary gear group 10 is the same as the structure of the first-stage reducer and the two-stage reducer described above.

In the three-stage reducer of the present invention, a gear is formed in three stages in the first ring gear 20, and two ring gears 40 'are inserted into the first ring gear 20. A distribution plate 54 'having the same shape as the second distribution plate 54 of the two-stage reducer which is coupled to and interlocked with the two ring gears 40' side is provided, respectively, and the small diameter portions 51a ', 52a', 53a ') is engaged with the gears in order from the inside of the first ring gear 20, and the large-diameter portions 51b', 52b ', 53b' are engaged with the two ring gears 40 ', respectively, and two ring gears ( Three planetary gear groups 10 'for outputting the reduced rotation to 40' are further provided. In addition, the output unit 30 is engaged with the large diameter portions 51b ', 52b', 53b 'of the planetary gears 51', 52 ', and 53' positioned at the last stage, and outputs the rotation reduced in three stages. .

In addition, when the gearhead of the present invention is installed in multiple stages, a gear formed in multiple stages may be formed inside the first ring gear 20, and the plurality of ring gears 40 'may be interpolated, and the planetary gear group 10' may be inserted. By joining a plurality of gears, it is possible to output a reduced speed in multiple stages. As described above, the present invention is reduced in speed by using the gear tooth ratio of the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion of the planetary gear.

As described above, the present invention can obtain a compact and high reduction ratio, and the number of parts can be reduced by using planetary gears in which large diameter parts and small diameter parts having different gear ratios are integrally formed. In addition, by connecting the reducer in multiple stages, not only can the gear ratio be reduced by various gear ratios, but also the volume can be reduced and manufactured in a small size.

Claims (5)

It consists of three angles of 120 ° and the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, 13a and the large diameter portions 11b, 12b, 13b are integrally formed, and the larger diameter portion ( The first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, 13, in which the number of gears 11b, 12b, 13b is increased at a constant rate The first, second, third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are fixed by hinge shafts, and the first, second, third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 are coupled to the rotation shaft 2 of the motor 1. A first planetary gear group (10) having a first distribution plate (15) for rotating (); Rotating the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 respectively with the small diameter portions 11a, 12a, and 13a of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13a. It is fixed to guide the inside, the gears are formed in the inner and outer space at a predetermined interval, respectively, the inner gear, the first, second, third planetary gears (11, 12, 13) of the first planetary gear group 10 A first ring gear 20 to be engaged; It is interpolated in the first ring gear 20 and engaged with the large diameter parts 11b, 12b, 13b of the first, second, and third planetary gears 11, 12, and 13 of the first planetary gear group 10 therein. A second ring gear 40 which outputs the rotated rotation; And a second distribution plate 54 coupled to the side of the second ring gear 40 and interlocked with each other, and fixed to the second distribution plate 54 by a hinge axis at an angle of 120 °. 51a, 52a, 53a and large-diameter portions 51b, 52b, 53b are integrally formed, and the number of gears of large-diameter portions 51b, 52b, 53b increases at a constant rate than the number of gears of small-diameter portions 51a, 52a, 53a. A second planetary gear group 50 composed of the fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52, and 53, the small diameter portion of which is engaged with an outer tooth of the first ring gear 20; An output unit 30 engaged with the large diameter parts 51b, 52b, 53b of the fourth, fifth, and sixth planetary gears 51, 52b, and 53b to output the reduced rotation by the second planetary gear group 50; It consists of Reduction gear characterized in that the deceleration in two stages by the first and second planetary gear group (10,50). delete delete delete The method of claim 1, The first ring gear 20 is a tooth is formed in multiple stages inside, A plurality of ring gears 40 'interpolated to the first ring gear 20; and Each of the plurality of ring gears 40 'is provided with a distribution plate 54' which is engaged with and interlocked with each other, and the small diameter portions 51a ', 52a', 53a 'are geared in order from the inside of the first ring gear 20. And a large diameter portion 51b ', 52b', 53b 'respectively engaged with a plurality of ring gears 40' and outputting a reduced rotation to the plurality of ring gears 40 '. 10 '); is further provided, The output unit 30 is engaged with the large diameter portions 51b ', 52b', 53b 'of the planetary gears 51', 52 ', and 53' positioned at the last stage, and outputs a reduced rotation to decelerate in multiple stages. Reducer characterized.

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