KR100642994B1 - Drive unit - Google Patents

Abstract

In a drive device using an electric motor as a drive source, a refrigerant circuit for cooling the electric motor is simplified.

The drive device includes an electric motor M and a refrigerant circulation path L for cooling it in the drive case 10. A second refrigerant circulation path F different from the refrigerant circulation path L is provided, the heat exchange part C of the first refrigerant circulation path in the drive case is provided in the second refrigerant circulation path, and the first refrigerant for cooling the motor is driven. It cools by heat transfer to the 2nd refrigerant | coolant in the heat exchange part of one place of an apparatus case side. Thus, the refrigerant circuit on the drive case side is simplified.

Drive, Motor, Refrigerant

Description

DRIVE UNIT

1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment incorporating the basic concept of the present invention;

2 is a system configuration diagram of a second embodiment in which the present invention is further embodied and applied to a hybrid drive device.

3 is a side view showing the axial positional relationship of the drive device according to the second embodiment;

4 is a circuit diagram showing a hydraulic system of the drive device according to the second embodiment;

5 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a drive device in which the inverter of the second embodiment is integrated;

6 is a schematic diagram conceptually illustrating a cooling system of a second embodiment;

7 is an exploded view showing a detailed configuration of a second embodiment in a shape seen from above;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing a shape of a part of the structural member shown in FIG. 7 as viewed from below; FIG.

9 is a sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a second embodiment;

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 9;

11 is a schematic diagram conceptually showing a cooling system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic diagram conceptually illustrating a cooling system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a schematic sectional view conceptually showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention;                 

14 is a schematic diagram conceptually illustrating a cooling system of a fifth embodiment;

15 is a schematic sectional view conceptually showing the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 15.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

M: Motor (Electric Motor) G: Generator (Generator)

U: Inverter 10: Drive Case

10i, 10j: dam 11: partition wall

12: isolation member 12b: communication hole

20: Stator 22: Rotor

22a: discharge hole L: first refrigerant circulation passage

L ₅ : flow path of the first refrigerant L ₈ : flow path in the rotor

R ₄ , R ₅ : Orifice C ₀ , C ₁ , C ₂ : Refrigerant tank

C: heat exchanger C ₃ : first chamber

C ₄ : 2nd chamber F: 2nd refrigerant circulation path

H: cooling part

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drive device using an electric motor as a power source, and more particularly to a cooling technology in an electric vehicle drive device and a hybrid drive device.

When the electric motor is used as the driving source of the vehicle, the load applied to the electric motor varies greatly depending on the running state, and therefore cooling is required in order to cope with heat generation during high loads. For this reason, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-288949 for providing a water channel in a drive case for cooling a conventional electric motor, allowing water to flow through the water channel, and cooling the electric motor with water. .

However, in the structure of the prior art, a pipe for flowing coolant is wound around a spiral groove formed in the casing outer periphery, and approximately half of the circular cross section of the pipe is exposed from the casing outer periphery. Because of this configuration, not only the structure is complicated but also disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and space.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a drive device capable of efficiently cooling an electric motor embedded in the drive case with a simpler drive case structure.

By the way, the motor requires a control device (inverter in the case of an alternating current motor) for its control. Since a control device such as an inverter is connected to a motor by a power cable, the controller can be separated from the motor and disposed at an appropriate position. However, due to the convenience of vehicle mounting, an arrangement integrating with the motor may be adopted. When the control device is integrated with the electric motor in this way, the control device not only rises in temperature due to heat generated by its own element, but also receives heat from the motor via the drive case, and thus requires cooling.

Accordingly, the present invention has a more specific second object to provide a drive device capable of effectively cooling the inverter and the motor together even when the inverter is integrated in the drive case.

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a drive device including a motor and a first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the motor in a drive case, wherein a second refrigerant circulation path different from the first refrigerant circulation path is provided. The second refrigerant circulation path has a heat exchange part of the first refrigerant circulation path, and the first refrigerant for cooling the motor is cooled by heat transfer from the heat exchange part to the second refrigerant path. .

In the above configuration, when the inverter is provided to control the electric motor, it is effective to adopt the configuration having a cooling unit for cooling the inverter.

Moreover, in the said structure, it is further effective if the said heat exchange part adopts the structure arrange | positioned downstream from the cooling part of the inverter in a 2nd refrigerant circulation path.

Next, in order to achieve the second object, the drive case has a partition wall for attaching an inverter to the casing, and a flow path of the second refrigerant between the partition wall and the first refrigerant circulation path is provided. A path is formed, and it is effective to adopt a configuration in which the cooling section of the inverter is a partition wall.                     

The said structure WHEREIN: The isolation | separation which defines the 1st chamber which faces the partition side in the flow path of the said 2nd refrigerant | coolant, and the 2nd chamber which faces the 1st refrigerant circulation path side. Means are further provided that the first chamber and the second chamber adopt a configuration in which the upstream side of the second refrigerant circulation path is the first chamber and the downstream side is the second chamber, so that the first chamber and the second chamber communicate with each other. .

In the above configuration, the second chamber is provided with isolation means for defining the first chamber facing the partition wall side and the second chamber facing the first refrigerant circulation path side in the flow path of the second refrigerant, and the first chamber and the second chamber have a second chamber. It is also possible to adopt a configuration connected in parallel to the refrigerant circuit.

Furthermore, in any configuration including the partition, the generator and the first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the generator are provided in the drive case, and the inverter also controls the generator, and the inverter adopts a configuration attached to the partition. It works.

Further, in a configuration in which a second refrigerant flow path having a cooling portion of an inverter for an electric motor is formed between the partition wall and the first refrigerant circulation path, the drive case is a first refrigerant at a position facing the flow path of the second refrigerant. It is effective to adopt a configuration having a refrigerant tank of.

In addition, in the configuration having the refrigerant tank of the first refrigerant, the refrigerant tank is further effective to adopt a divided configuration for the motor and generator.

Furthermore, it is also effective to provide an orifice for distributing the supply ratio of the two coolant tanks in a flow path of the first refrigerant that extends between the coolant tank for the motor and the coolant tank for the generator. have.                     

Moreover, it is also effective to set the refrigerant tank to have a dam near its outlet.

The refrigerant tank may be configured to be defined by a stator of an electric motor or a generator.

In addition, the first refrigerant circulation path has a flow path that passes through the rotor of the electric motor downstream of the refrigerant tank, and the flow path is configured to be terminated by discharge holes provided in the rotor. It also works.

<Example>

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described according to drawing. First, FIG. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment in which the basic concept of the present invention is embodied. This drive device is provided in the drive case 10 with the circulation path L of the 1st refrigerant (oil in this form) which cools the electric motor M and the motor M. As shown in FIG. And the circulation path F of the 2nd refrigerant (cooling water in this form) different from the 1st refrigerant circulation path L is provided separately. The second refrigerant circulation path F has a heat exchange part (oil cooler C in this embodiment) of the first refrigerant circulation path L, and the first refrigerant cooling the electric motor M is a heat exchange part C. It cools by heat transfer to the 2nd refrigerant in).

In this embodiment, the drive device includes an inverter U for controlling the electric motor M. A cooling circuit for cooling the inverter U is used as the second refrigerant circulation path F, and the second refrigerant circulation path is used. (F) has a cooling section (H) for cooling the inverter (U), in which a radiator (R) for cooling the second refrigerant is inserted. In addition, in the present specification, the inverter is a switching transistor or an auxiliary unit that converts a direct current of a battery power source into an alternating current (or a three-phase alternating current when the motor is a three-phase alternating current motor) by a switching action. It means a power module which consists of a circuit element of i) and the circuit board which arrange | positioned them. And the oil cooler C as a heat exchange part is arrange | positioned downstream from the cooling part H of the inverter U in the 2nd refrigerant circulation path F. As shown in FIG. In the drawings, the symbol O / P denotes an oil pump and P denotes a water pump.

In the drive device having such a configuration, by using oil such as lubricant, ATF (automatic transmission hydraulic fluid) which does not adversely affect the motor M as corrosion as the first refrigerant, the motor M is directly contacted with the oil. Since the heat transfer with high efficiency can be performed and the heat transferred to the oil by the heat conduction can be efficiently discharged to the cooling water as the second refrigerant in one heat exchanger portion C, the driving device case ( The electric motor M can be cooled efficiently without complicating the circulation path L of the oil passing through 10). Furthermore, since the oil cooler C is disposed downstream from the cooling unit H of the inverter U, it is possible to prevent the heat of the oil cooling the electric motor from being transmitted to the inverter U having a lower heat resistance temperature than the electric motor. Can be.

Next, it demonstrates based on 2nd Embodiment which further refined this invention. 2 shows a system configuration when the present invention is applied to a hybrid drive device. This device comprises an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as an engine) (E / G), an electric motor (hereinafter referred to as a motor) (M), a generator (hereinafter referred to as a generator) (G), and a differential device (differential). (D) as the main component, between which a planetary gear set (P) and a counter gear mechanism (T) of a single pinion configuration are inserted. In this configuration, the one-way clutch O and the brake B are laid.

As shown the actual position of the axes involved in Figure 3, the drive means is the engine on the first axis _{(X 1) (E / G} ) and generator (G), the motor (M) on a second axis (X ₂₎ The counter gear mechanism T is arranged on the third axis X ₃ , and the differential device D is arranged on the fourth axis X ₄ , respectively. The engine E / G and the generator G are connected to the differential device D via the planetary gear set P and the counter gear mechanism T, and the motor M is connected to the counter gear mechanism ( It is connected to the differential device D via T).

The motor M is connected to the counter gear mechanism T by engaging the counter drive gear 42 fixed to the rotor shaft 21 with the counter driven gear 44. (E / G) is connected to the generator (G) and the counter gear mechanism (T) by connecting its output shaft (71) to the carrier (62) of the planetary gear set (P), and the generator (G) is its rotor. The shaft 31 is connected to the sun gear 61 of the planetary gear set P, and is connected to the engine E / G and the counter gear mechanism T. As shown in FIG. Then, the ring gear 63 of the planetary gear set P has the counter drive gear 43 on the first shaft X ₁ meshed with the counter driven gear 44 of the counter gear mechanism T. Is connected to. The counter gear mechanism T is configured to include a counter driven gear 44 fixed to the counter shaft 41, and a differential drive pinion gear 45, so that the differential drive pinion gear 45 Is engaged with the differential ring gear 52 fixed to the differential case 53 of the differential device D. As shown in FIG. The differential device D is connected to a wheel (not shown) as is well known.

The one-way clutch O connects an inner race to the carrier 62 so as to counteract the inversion of the carrier 62 by the reaction case 10 to the drive case 10. outer race) is arranged in connection with the drive case (10). In addition, the brake B is rotated and driven by the reaction torque when power generation is unnecessary by fixing the rotor shaft 31 of the generator G to the drive case 10 as necessary. It is provided to prevent the loss from occurring, is connected to the brake shaft (brake hub) to the rotor shaft 31, and is arranged to engage the frictional engagement member to the brake hub and the drive case (10) have.

In the drive device having such a configuration, the motor M and the wheel have a deceleration relationship in gear ratio distribution by the counter gear mechanism T, but the power transmission phase is in a directly connected relationship. On the other hand, the engine E / G and the generator G are mutually connected to the counter gear mechanism T via the planetary gear set P, and the power transmission phases are indirectly connected. Accordingly, by adjusting the power generation load of the generator G with respect to the ring gear 63 which receives the running load of the vehicle via the differential device D and the counter gear mechanism T, the engine output is driven by the driving force and the generated energy. It is possible to travel with appropriate adjustment of the ratio used for (battery charging). In addition, since the reaction force applied to the carrier 62 is reversed by driving the generator G with a motor, the carrier 62 is hung on the drive case 10 via the one-way clutch O at that time. It functions as a reaction force element to be fixed, so that the output of the generator G can be transmitted to the ring gear 63, and the driving force at the time of starting the vehicle according to the simultaneous output of the motor M and the generator G is enhanced. Running in parallel mode).

Next, FIG. 4 shows the circuit structure of the hydraulic system of a hybrid drive apparatus. This circuit uses an oil sump 90 as the bottom of the drive case 10, and draws oil therethrough via a strainer 91 and ejects the oil into the circuit from there. (O / P), a regulator valve 92 for generating a line pressure of a circuit, a brake valve 93 for controlling the release of the brake B, and a switching control of the brake valve 93 A solenoid valve 94 is provided as a main element, and the oil is sent to the supply flow path L ₂ of the circulation path as a refrigerant for cooling the motor M and the generator G and a lubricant. And a control circuit for controlling the communication between the passage of the hydraulic servo of the brake B to the line pressure passage L ₁ of the hydraulic flow passage L ₃ and the communication of the drain passage. have.

The injection-side line pressure flow path L ₁ of the oil pump O / P is branched so that one side is connected to the supply flow path L ₂ of the circulation path via the regulator valve 92, and the other is a brake valve. It is connected to the supply flow path L ₃ of the hydraulic servo of the brake B via 93. In addition, the line pressure flow path L ₁ and the supply flow path L ₂ are connected to each other via the orifice R ₁ . The supply passage L ₃ of the circulation path branches through the orifices R ₂ and R ₃ , respectively, and the rotor shaft 31 of the generator G via one of the case flow passages L ₄ shown by a dotted line in the figure. For the motor M, which is connected to the inner flow path, the other side further branches from the inner flow path L _{5 and} passes through the orifices R ₄ and R ₅ to each of the upper part of the drive case. It is connected to an oil (refrigerant) tank (C ₁ ) and an oil (refrigerant) tank (C ₂ ) for generator (G).

Cooling of the motor (M) is a coolant tank (C ₁₎ of the case the flow path (L ₆₎ through the shaft after the rotor 21 is the path in the guide oil to the (L ₇₎ detailed flow passage (油路) cross-sectional configuration referring to indicate passing the flow path (L _8), the rotor (22), towards the coil end (20a) of the stator (20) from the end (終端) of the flow path is discharged by centrifugal force according to the rotation of the rotor 22. In this way, the rotor side is cooled by passing the flow path in the rotor 22, and the oil discharged from both ends of the rotor 22 is further removed from the coil ends of the both ends of the stator 20. Cooling by spouting in 20a) and oil discharged directly from refrigerant tank C ₁ are spouted into stator core 20b and coil end 20a. Similarly, the cooling of the generator G causes the oil discharged by centrifugal force from the flow path in the rotor shaft 31 to be passed through the radial oil hole to the coil end 30a at both ends of the stator 30. Cooling is performed and oil discharged from the coolant tank C ₂ is sprayed onto the stator core 30b and the coil end 30a. In this way, the motor M and the generator G are cooled, and the oil which has risen in temperature by heat exchange falls on the bottom of the drive case or flows down along the case wall, so that the oil sump under the drive unit It collect | recovers in 90.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the drive device, and is integrally formed with the case 10 on the outer wall corresponding to the outside of the oil sump of the drive device case 10 made of aluminum or the like. A plurality of heat dissipation fins 10f formed in the structure are provided, and a configuration is employed in which air recovered in the oil sump is air cooled in the engine room. In Fig. 5, reference numeral 10a denotes a motor accommodating portion, 10b a generator accommodating portion, and 10c a differential accommodating portion in the drive case. In addition, an inverter for controlling the motor and the generator (hereinafter, the motor inverter and the generator inverter collectively referred to as an inverter) (U) is attached to the upper side of the driving device case 10, as shown in FIG. It is integrated with the case 10.

Fig. 6 conceptually illustrates the cooling system of the drive device, including the vertical position relationship. The cooling system includes a circulation path (arrow of thick lines hatched in the drawing) L for the oil as the first refrigerant and a flow path (blank arrow for empty lines in the drawing) F for the cooling water as the second refrigerant (F) (F). It consists of). The oil as the first refrigerant is sucked up from the oil sump 90 through the strainer 91 by the oil pump O / P, and the generator G and the motor M are moved in the same order as described above. Constant oil enough to cool and not contact the bottom of the rotors 22 and 32 at the bottom of the generator G receiving portion of the drive case 10 and at the bottom of the motor M receiving portion. Once stored to maintain the level, it is returned to the oil sump 90 by an overflow to complete the circulation.

On the other hand, the coolant as the second refrigerant is made of aluminum material having good thermal conductivity, such as the drive case 10, and the inverter U as an uppermost wall integral with or separate from the drive case 10. Wall 11 of the heat exchanger section in the oil circulation path L in the partition 11 and the drive unit case 10 constituting the attachment portion of The cooling system which cools oil as a 1st refrigerant is comprised between the flow path F. In this form, the partition 11 is between the partition 11 and the heat-transfer wall 13. As shown in FIG. Or a wall-shaped isolating means 12 integral with or separate from the drive case 10, and the flow path F of the coolant flows between the partition 11 and the isolating means 12. The inverter U is cooled by heat exchange through the partition wall 11 to separate the isolation means 12 and the drive case 10. There are configured to cool the oil in the oil heat exchanger is employed for heat transfer through the wall 13 of it flows between the hot wall (13).

In addition, in this embodiment, the upper wall 10 extending upward from the drive case 10 side with reference to FIG. 7 so that the flow path F of cooling water is generally contained in the upper part of the drive case 10 side. Although the structure which overlaps the flat partition 11 of the flat shape is employ | adopted with respect to "," this relationship is made inverse, and the partition is provided by providing the upper wall extended below the partition 11 around. 11) is constituted by a lid member having a basin-shaped U-shaped cross section, and adopts a structure in which it is covered with an upper portion of the drive case 10, whereby the flow path F of the cooling water is generally partitioned ( It can also be set as the structure nested in the 11) side.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing in detail a connection structure between the drive case 10 and the power module constituting the inverter U in the upper part of the drive case, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the same structure. ). In addition, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 cut | disconnected and showed the same structure in another cross section. In this embodiment, the coolant tanks C ₁ and C ₂ are provided above the motor housing portion of the drive case 10. The refrigerant tank is divided into a refrigerant tank C ₁ for the motor and a refrigerant tank C ₂ for the generator. In the flow path L ₅ (see FIG. 4) of the first refrigerant that reaches these positive refrigerant tanks C ₁ and C ₂ , the positive refrigerant tanks C ₁ and C _{2 on the way} . Orifices (R ₄ , R ₅ ) with different apertures for distributing the oil supply distribution to the furnace according to the heat load of the motor (M) and the generator (G) are fitted in the middle, and their flow paths ( A groove is opened at the inlets 10d and 10e on the side surface of the refrigerant tank. And dams 10i and 10j are provided in the position near the exit side of both refrigerant tanks. 10 g of oil outlets downstream of the dams 10i and 10j of the two coolant tanks, which are opened on the bottom surface of the coolant tanks and function as orifices for adjusting the discharge flow rate according to the setting of the hole diameter. , 10h) is formed.

As shown for the subsequent path of the first refrigerant in Figure 10, the outlet (10g) of the oil motor (M) by a flow path within the case (油路) (L ₆₎ formed in the drive unit case to a flow path (流路) Is connected to the in-axis flow path L ₇ at the shaft end of the stator shaft 21. The in-axis flow path L ₇ is connected to the circumferential opening formed in the end plate 22b which supports both ends of the core 22a of the motor M via a radial oil hole. Then, both ends are connected to the main circumferentially through the rotor passage (L ₈ ) formed in the plurality in the axial direction in the core 22a, and terminated at the discharge hole 22c formed in the end plate 22b. ) In addition, although both ends of one intra-rotor flow path L ₈ pass through the discharge hole 22c in the figure, in detail, only one end of each of the intra-rotor flow paths L ₈ alternately discharge holes of the left and right end plates. is configured through the (22c), it is possible to prevent the fire average of the oil passing through the flow path (L _8), each rotor. In addition, the oil outlet 10h passes over the stator of the generator G via an in-case flow path as shown in FIG. 9.

The heat transfer wall 13 of the drive case 10 which constitutes a wall of the heat exchanger to block the upper opening of the refrigerant tanks C ₁ and C ₂ has a plurality of cooling fins 13a and 13b on its upper and lower surfaces. The same as the drive case 10 is made of an aluminum material having a good thermal conductivity, etc., in this embodiment is a member different from the drive case 10 due to the convenience of processing, the bolt fixed to the drive case 10, etc. Is fixed. The oil cooling fins (13b) of the side is a pin height changes to follow the shape of the bottom of the refrigerant tank (C _1, C ₂₎ 9, the refrigerant tank, the heat transfer wall (13) (C ₁₎ Fins are arranged in the entire region, and heat transfer is improved.

The partition wall 11 to which the power module constituting the inverter U is attached constitutes a cooling unit of the inverter U. In this form, a heat sink is incorporated to improve heat exchange efficiency. As shown in Fig. 8, a narrow two-stem parallel flow path that passes through the inside of the partition wall 11 is provided. In order to allow the cooling water as the second refrigerant to flow along the flow path, the case and the partition wall are formed in such a manner that the isolation means 12 made of a material having high thermal insulation of a separate configuration is in contact with the bottom surface of the partition wall 11. It is prepared. As a result, between the partition 11 and the drive case 10, the first chamber C ₃ facing the partition 11 side and the drive case 10 side as shown in FIG. 6. The second chamber C ₄ is separated by the isolation means 12, and both of the chambers C ₃ and C ₄ intersect with each other via the communication hole 12b. do.

In the apparatus having such a configuration, the oil sent from the respective inlets 10d and 10e to the coolant tanks C ₁ and C ₂ is blocked by the respective dams 10i and 10j, thereby causing a certain amount of time to pass. 13) After flowing down while contacting the oil cooling fin 13b on the lower surface side, and sufficient heat exchange is performed, the amount beyond the dams 10i and 10j exceeds the outlets 10g and 10h from the motor M and the generator G. The discharge is adjusted according to the required flow rate. On the other hand, the coolant enters into the heat sink, that is, the first chamber C ₄ of the partition wall 11, from the inlet 10k that opens on the upper surface of the drive case 10, through the hole 12a of the isolation means 12, After sufficient heat exchange is performed through the flow path, the heat exchange wall 13 is guided between the heat transfer wall 13 and the isolation means 12 through the communication hole 12b of the isolation means 12, where the heat transfer wall 13 The drive case (from the cooling outlet 101 formed in the upper wall which flows across the heat-transfer wall 13 while being in contact with the water cooling fin 13a on the upper surface side) is wound around the opening of the refrigerant tank. 10) You are guided out. In this way, the coolant discharged from the drive case 10 is cooled by a radiator for engine cooling or a dedicated cooler and recycled.

In this way, according to the second embodiment, the cooling water first cools the power module constituting the inverter U via the partition 11, and then cools the motor M and the generator G through the oil. Since the cooling water does not directly exchange heat with the motor M and the generator G or simultaneously with the inverter U, it is assumed that the cooling water rises until the temperature of the cooling water exceeds the heat resistance temperature of the inverter U. You can stop it. Therefore, the inverter U, the motor M, and the generator G can be cooled efficiently, and the cooling performance can be improved. In addition, since a coolant flow path is formed in the space between the integrated inverter U and the drive case 10, a complicated structure for providing a dedicated refrigerant path around the drive case as in the prior art is provided. It can be avoided, leading to improved space efficiency and lower manufacturing cost. In addition, by separating the refrigerant tank into a refrigerant tank (C ₁ ) for the motor and a refrigerant tank (C ₂ ) for the generator, it is possible to individually control the amount of oil to be supplied to each of the motor (M) and the generator (G) from the refrigerant tank. Therefore, by adjusting the flow rate with orifices R ₄ and R ₅ having different apertures, an appropriate amount of oil is supplied to the motor M and the generator G, and each of them can be cooled effectively according to the cooling temperature demand. Can be. Further, the oil after heat exchange in the refrigerant tanks C ₁ and C ₂ is guided to the rotor side of the motor M and the generator G, and from the inner circumferential side using the oil discharged by the centrifugal force from the rotor. Since it is also used for cooling, cooling of the other stators 20 and 30 is also possible, and motor cooling with high efficiency which uses oil circulation as effectively as possible can be performed.

By the way, this second embodiment, the second in the second, as shown by the coolant flow as a refrigerant, the most judgmental (端的) in Figure 6, the coolant tank side from the inverter (U) a first chamber (C ₃₎ of the side Although the relationship of sangharyu flow to be returned to the chamber (C ₄₎ side, the flow may be a parallel flow (流). FIG. 11 shows this third embodiment in the same schematic diagram as in FIG. 6. In this embodiment, the first chamber C ₃ facing the partition 11 divided up and down by the isolation means 12 and the first refrigerant circulation path L side of the transmission case 10, that is, the heat transfer wall 13. The second chamber C ₄ facing)) is a flow path connected in parallel to the second refrigerant circulation path. Since the remainder of the configuration is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the corresponding members, and the description thereof is replaced (this is also the same for each of the following embodiments).

When this type is taken, cooling water of a lower temperature can flow to the side of the second chamber C ₄ facing the heat transfer wall 13 of the refrigerant tank, thereby reducing the cooling efficiency of the motor M and the generator G. It can be increased further.

Next, Figure 12 shows a fourth embodiment of the sangharyu relationship inverter (U) a first chamber (C ₃₎ and the second chamber of the coolant tank side ₍₄ C) on the side of the station. In this embodiment, the cooling water as the second refrigerant flows first through the first refrigerant circulation path L side of the transmission case 10, that is, the second chamber C ₄ side facing the heat transfer wall 13. The oil is cooled through the filter, and then the first chamber C ₃ facing the partition wall 11 divided up and down by the isolation means 12 flows to cool the power module of the inverter U.

Even in this case, the cooling water as the second refrigerant does not directly cool the motor M and the generator G, but instead becomes a cooling structure that sequentially cools the oil and the inverter U that circulate-cool them. Since heat from (M) and generator (G) is heat-exchanged with the coolant via oil, it is alleviated by direct heat transfer and can prevent the temperature rise until the coolant exceeds the heat-resistant temperature of inverter (U). Can be obtained.

Next, FIGS. 13 and 14 schematically show a fifth embodiment in which the spirit of the present invention is further simplified and embodied. In this embodiment, the division of the refrigerant tank is eliminated to form a single refrigerant tank C ₀ , and the configuration of the coolant flow path side is simplified by omitting the arrangement of the isolation means. Such a simplified configuration is naturally applicable to a drive device having a cooling system as shown in FIG. 14 having the motor M and the generator G described above separately as an application object of the second embodiment. However, it is suitable for application to a drive unit in which the motor is combined with a generator.

In the case of adopting such a configuration, heat transfer to the cooling water as the second refrigerant is performed simultaneously at the inverter U side and the refrigerant tank C ₀ of the oil as the first refrigerant, but the motor M or the generator G or The heat from both of them is relieved against direct heat transfer by heat exchange with the cooling water via the oil of the refrigerant tank C ₀ , and can prevent the temperature rise until the cooling water exceeds the heat resistance temperature of the inverter U. In addition, the oil circulating in the drive case 10 is cooled down after the motor M, the generator G, or both of them, and is recovered below the drive case 10, where it is cooled by air. Since the oil is recirculated, the refrigerant tank C ₀ is located upstream of the oil circulation path, whereby the oil immediately after the start of circulation after the air cooling is further cooled by the cooling water, so that the motor M or the generator G is used. Can also improve the cooling performance. Therefore, also in this case, it is possible to cool the inverter U, the motor M, the generator G, or those three characters efficiently, and the cooling performance can be improved.

However, although the adoption of a mode of a space defining the above each embodiment, the cooling tank (C _0, C _1, C _2), the drive unit case 10 and the heat conductive wall (13), a different type with respect to the configuration May be adopted. 15 and 16 show a sixth embodiment adopting such a configuration. In this example, the coolant tank C ₀ is a coolant that is oil and does not cause any problems even when leaking to the motor side. In particular, the stator of the motor M is not required to insert the seal member in the middle. By 20, the refrigerant tank C ₀ is defined. In this case, in detail, the peripheral wall surrounding the refrigerant tank C ₀ may be the same case wall as in the second embodiment, but in this embodiment, it is the upper wall 13c extending downward from the heat transfer wall 13. The bottom wall of the coolant tank C ₀ is the outer periphery of the core 20b of the stator 20 of the motor M. As shown in FIG. Also in this embodiment, similarly to the second embodiment, the isolation means is omitted in the flow path of the cooling water as the second refrigerant to simplify the configuration, and the cooling water is simultaneously applied to the partition 11 and the heat transfer wall 13. Although it is set as the structure which touches, also in this case, in the meaning of raising cooling efficiency, it is naturally possible to employ | adopt the flow path structure of cooling water similar to 2nd Embodiment.

When this type is adopted, the core iron core and the oil constituting the stator 20 of the motor M are in direct contact with each other without having to intervene through the wall of the drive case 10, so that the motor M is more efficient. The advantage is that it can be cooled. In addition, when the upper wall 13c of the refrigerant tank C ₀ is configured as a heat transfer wall of a separate member as described above, an advantage of further simplifying the structure for oil circulation of the drive case 10 may be obtained.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on 6 embodiment, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, It can implement by changing a specific structure variously within the range of the matter described in a claim. For example, in each of the above aspects, the second refrigerant is exemplified only as cooling water, but it is naturally possible to use other suitable refrigerant.

In the configuration according to claim 1, by using lubricating oil, ATF (automatic transmission hydraulic fluid), etc., which do not adversely affect the electric motor, etc. as the first refrigerant, heat transfer with good efficiency due to direct contact between the electric motor and the refrigerant is performed. In addition, since the heat transferred to the refrigerant by heat conduction can be efficiently discharged from the heat exchange unit in one place to the second refrigerant, the first refrigerant circulation path passing through the drive case is The electric motor can be cooled efficiently without making it complicated.

Next, in the structure of Claim 2, the 2nd refrigerant used for inverter cooling is used together with the cooling of an electric motor by cooling the 1st refrigerant which cools an electric motor with the 2nd refrigerant which cools an inverter required for motor control. By adopting a cooling structure for use, it is possible to simplify the overall cooling structure of the drive device.

Next, in the structure of Claim 3, the heat of the 1st refrigerant which cooled an electric motor can be prevented from being transmitted to the inverter whose heat resistance temperature is lower than an electric motor.

In addition, in the structure of Claim 4, since a 2nd refrigerant does not cool an electric motor directly but becomes a cooling structure which simultaneously cools an inverter and the 1st refrigerant which circulates an electric motor, the heat from an electric motor interposes a 1st refrigerant. By the heat exchange with the second refrigerant, the heat transfer can be alleviated and the temperature can be prevented from rising until the second refrigerant exceeds the heat resistance temperature of the inverter.

In addition, in the structure of Claim 5, since a refrigerant | coolant does not cool an electric motor and an inverter simultaneously, but first cools an inverter through a partition, and then cools an electric motor through a drive case, each of an inverter and an electric motor is used. Cooling according to the cooling temperature requirement is made possible by a single refrigerant, and both the inverter and the motor can be efficiently cooled by a simple flow path configuration. In addition, since the space between the integrated inverter and the drive case is used as the space for arranging the flow path of the refrigerant for cooling the inverter and the motor, it is dedicated around the drive case as in the prior art. (專用) The complicated structure for providing the refrigerant path can be avoided, which leads to the improvement of space efficiency and low manufacturing cost.

Moreover, in the structure of Claim 6, since a refrigerant | coolant flows independently in a 1st chamber and a 2nd chamber, respectively, it is possible to cool an inverter and an electric motor simultaneously, and to prevent the heat from an electric motor to be transmitted to an inverter.

In the configuration according to claim 7, the second refrigerant is not a direct cooling of the motor and the generator, but a cooling structure that simultaneously cools the first refrigerant and the inverter which circulate-cools the motor and the generator. The heat exchange with the second refrigerant via the first refrigerant can be alleviated for direct heat transfer, and the temperature rise can be prevented until the second refrigerant exceeds the heat resistance temperature of the inverter.

In the configuration according to claim 8, the refrigerant does not simultaneously cool the motor, the generator, and the inverter, but first cools the inverter through the partition wall, and then cools the motor and the generator through the driving mechanism case, so that the inverter and the motor and Cooling according to the cooling temperature requirements of each of the generators is enabled by a single refrigerant, and both the inverter, the motor, and the generator can be efficiently cooled by a simple flow path configuration. In addition, since the space between the integrated inverter and the drive case is used as a space for arranging a flow path of refrigerant for cooling the inverter, the motor and the generator, a dedicated refrigerant path around the drive case as in the prior art. The complicated configuration to provide a circuit can be avoided, leading to improved space efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.

In the configuration according to claim 9, since the refrigerant flows independently in the first chamber and the second chamber, the inverter, the motor, and the generator can be cooled simultaneously, and the heat from the motor and the generator can be prevented from being transferred to the inverter. .

In the configuration according to claim 10, by providing the coolant tank in the first refrigerant circulation path, it is easy to secure the heat transfer area in the heat exchange part of the second refrigerant, and thus the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant By carrying out the heat exchange sufficiently, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

Further, in the configuration according to claim 11, since the refrigerant tank is separated for the electric motor and the generator, the amount of refrigerant to be supplied to the motor and the generator can be individually adjusted from the refrigerant tank, so that, for example, an orifice or the like is appropriately adjusted. By supplying a large amount of refrigerant to the motor and the generator, each can be effectively cooled according to the cooling temperature demand.

Moreover, in the structure of Claim 12, since an appropriate amount of 1st refrigerant can be distributed and supplied to each refrigerant tank of an electric motor and a generator, an electric motor and a generator can be cooled effectively according to their heat load.

In addition, in the configuration according to claim 13, since a certain amount of the first refrigerant can be maintained in the refrigerant tank at all times by a dam, heat transfer to the first refrigerant can be sufficiently performed, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. You can.

In addition, in the structure of Claim 14, since a 1st refrigerant can be directly brought into contact with the stator of an electric motor or a generator without interposing a drive case, it can cool an electric motor or a generator more effectively.

In addition, in the structure of Claim 15, since the rotor of an electric motor can be cooled using the 1st refrigerant after heat exchange in a refrigerant tank, since the stator using the 1st refrigerant discharged from a rotor can also be cooled, In addition, the motor cooling can be performed with good efficiency by effectively utilizing the circulation of the first refrigerant.

Claims (15)

In a drive device including an electric motor and a first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the electric motor in a drive case, A second refrigerant circulation path different from the first refrigerant circulation path is provided, The second refrigerant circuit has a heat exchange section of the first refrigerant circuit, The first refrigerant for cooling the motor is cooled by heat transfer to the second refrigerant in the heat exchange unit. The driving device according to claim 1, further comprising an inverter for controlling the electric motor, and a second refrigerant circulation path having a cooling unit for cooling the inverter. The driving device according to claim 2, wherein the heat exchange part is disposed downstream of the cooling part of the inverter in the second refrigerant circulation path. 3. The driving apparatus case according to claim 2, further comprising: a partition wall for attaching an inverter to the case. A drive device in which a flow path for a second refrigerant is formed between the partition wall and the first refrigerant circulation path so that the cooling unit of the inverter serves as a partition wall. The second chamber according to claim 4, wherein the first chamber facing the partition wall side and the second chamber facing the first refrigerant circulation path side are defined within the flow path of the second refrigerant. Containment measures are provided, A driving device in which the first chamber and the second chamber communicate with each other in a relation that the upstream side of the second refrigerant circulation path is the first chamber and the downstream side is the second chamber. 5. An isolation means according to claim 4, wherein an isolation means for defining a first chamber facing the partition wall side and a second chamber facing the first refrigerant circulation path side is provided in the flow path of the second refrigerant, A driving device in which the first chamber and the second chamber are connected in parallel to the second refrigerant circulation path. 5. The generator according to claim 4, further comprising a first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the generator and the generator in a drive case, and an inverter for controlling the generator. The inverter is a drive device attached to the partition wall. 6. A generator according to claim 5, further comprising a first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the generator and the generator in a drive case, and an inverter for controlling the generator. The inverter is a drive device attached to the partition wall. 7. A drive system according to claim 6, further comprising a first refrigerant circulation path for cooling the generator and the generator in a drive case, and an inverter for controlling the generator. The inverter is a drive device attached to the partition wall. 10. The drive device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the drive case has a coolant container of the first coolant at a position facing the flow path of the second coolant. The driving apparatus of claim 10, wherein the refrigerant tank is divided into a motor and a generator. 12. The driving apparatus according to claim 11, wherein an orifice for distributing a supply ratio of the two refrigerant tanks is provided in a flow path of the first refrigerant that extends between the refrigerant tank for the motor and the refrigerant tank for the generator. . 11. The drive system according to claim 10, wherein the refrigerant tank has a dam near its outlet. The driving apparatus of claim 10, wherein the refrigerant tank is defined by a stator of an electric motor or a generator. 12. The flow path of claim 10, wherein the first refrigerant circulation path has a flow path passing through the rotor of the electric motor downstream of the refrigerant tank, and the flow path is terminated by discharge holes provided in the rotor. Drive).

Images