KR100619775B1 - Multi-air conditioner capable of cooling and heating simultaneously - Google Patents

Multi-air conditioner capable of cooling and heating simultaneously Download PDF

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KR100619775B1
KR100619775B1 KR1020050012448A KR20050012448A KR100619775B1 KR 100619775 B1 KR100619775 B1 KR 100619775B1 KR 1020050012448 A KR1020050012448 A KR 1020050012448A KR 20050012448 A KR20050012448 A KR 20050012448A KR 100619775 B1 KR100619775 B1 KR 100619775B1
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South Korea
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refrigerant
indoor unit
pipe
way valve
indoor
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KR1020050012448A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20060091526A (en
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성시경
윤필현
권기백
정백영
강재식
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/007—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for three pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨에 관한 것으로서, 복수의 실내유니트와; 압축기 및 실외열교환기를 구비한 실외유니트와; 상기 압축기의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환할 수 있도록 설치되는 사방밸브와; 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 대배관과, 상기 대배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 중배관과, 상기 중배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 실외열교환기에 연결되는 소배관을 구비하여 상기 실외유니트 및 상기 실내유니트 사이에 개재되어 상기 실외유니트로부터 제공되는 냉매가 상기 실내유니트로 분배되도록 하는 분배기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 이에 의해, 냉매의 유동저항을 줄일 수 있어 난방 효율을 제고시킬 수 있는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨이 제공된다. The present invention relates to an air-conditioning simultaneous multi air conditioner, comprising: a plurality of indoor units; An outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; A four-way valve installed on the discharge side of the compressor to switch the flow path of the refrigerant; One side has a large pipe connected to the four-way valve, a diameter smaller than that of the large pipe and one side is connected to the four-way valve, and a diameter smaller than that of the heavy pipe and one side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. It characterized in that it comprises a distributor having a small pipe connected to be interposed between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit so that the refrigerant provided from the outdoor unit is distributed to the indoor unit. As a result, a cooling and heating simultaneous multi air conditioner capable of reducing the flow resistance of the refrigerant and improving heating efficiency is provided.

Description

냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨{MULTI-AIR CONDITIONER CAPABLE OF COOLING AND HEATING SIMULTANEOUSLY}Air-conditioning simultaneous multi-conditioner {MULTI-AIR CONDITIONER CAPABLE OF COOLING AND HEATING SIMULTANEOUSLY}

도 1은 종래의 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨을 도시한 도면, 1 is a view showing a conventional air-conditioning simultaneous multi air conditioner,

도 2는 도 1의 난방전실 운전시 냉매의 흐름을 설명하기 위한 도면,2 is a view for explaining the flow of the refrigerant during the heating room operation of FIG.

도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨의 구성도,3 is a configuration diagram of a simultaneous air-conditioning type multi air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

도 4는 도 3의 난방주체 운전시 냉매의 흐름을 도시한 도면이다. 4 is a view illustrating a flow of a refrigerant during the operation of the heating main body of FIG. 3.

* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10 : 실외유니트 11 : 압축기10: outdoor unit 11: compressor

14 : 사방밸브 15 : 실외열교환기14: four-way valve 15: outdoor heat exchanger

19 : 실외팽창장치 30 : 실내유니트19: outdoor expansion device 30: indoor unit

31 : 실내열교환기 33 : 실내팽창장치31: indoor heat exchanger 33: indoor expansion device

50 : 분배기 52 : 대배관50: distributor 52: large pipe

53 : 대배관개폐밸브 54 : 중배관53: large pipe opening and closing valve 54: heavy pipe

55 : 중배관개폐밸브 56 : 소배관55: medium pipe open and close valve 56: small pipe

본 발명은, 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는, 냉매의 유동저항을 줄일 수 있어 난방 효율을 제고시킬 수 있도록 한 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a simultaneous heating and cooling multi air conditioner, and more particularly, to a cooling and heating simultaneous multi air conditioner that can reduce the flow resistance of the refrigerant to improve the heating efficiency.

도 1은 종래의 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨을 도시한 도면이고, 도 2는 도 1의 난방전실 운전시 냉매의 흐름을 설명하기 위한 도면이다. 이들 도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨은, 실외유니트(10)와, 실내에 각각 배치되 는 복수의 실내유니트(30)와, 실외유니트(10) 및 실내유니트(30) 사이에 개재되어 실외유니트(10)의 냉매가 실내유니트(30)로 적절히 분배되도록 하는 분배기(40)를 구비하고 있다.  1 is a view showing a conventional air-conditioning simultaneous multi air conditioner, Figure 2 is a view for explaining the flow of the refrigerant during the heating chamber operation of FIG. As shown in these figures, the air-conditioning simultaneous multi-air conditioner includes an outdoor unit 10 and a plurality of indoor units 30 arranged in the room, and between the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 30. The distributor 40 includes a distributor 40 interposed to allow the refrigerant of the outdoor unit 10 to be properly distributed to the indoor unit 30.

실외유니트(10)는, 냉매를 압축하는 압축기(11)와, 압축기(11)의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환하도록 배치되는 유로절환밸브(13)와, 냉방 운전 시 압축된 냉매가 방열을 통해 응축되도록 하는 실외열교환기(15)로 구성되어 있다. 압축기(11)의 일측에는 어큐뮬레이터(12)가 구비되어 있으며, 실외열교환기(15)의 일측에는 열교환이 촉진될 수 있도록 실외팬(17)이 설치되어 있다. 냉매의 유동방향을 따라 실외열교환기(15)의 일측에는 실외팽창장치(19)가 마련되어 있으며, 실외팽창장치(19)의 일측에는 체크밸브(23)가 구비된 우회유로(21)가 형성되어 있다. The outdoor unit 10 includes a compressor 11 for compressing a refrigerant, a flow path switching valve 13 arranged to switch a refrigerant passage on the discharge side of the compressor 11, and a refrigerant compressed during cooling operation through heat dissipation. It consists of an outdoor heat exchanger (15) for condensation. An accumulator 12 is provided at one side of the compressor 11, and an outdoor fan 17 is installed at one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 15 to promote heat exchange. An outdoor expansion device 19 is provided at one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 15 along the flow direction of the refrigerant, and a bypass passage 21 having a check valve 23 is formed at one side of the outdoor expansion device 19. have.

각 실내유니트(30)는, 냉매가 통과되면서 실내 공기와 열교환되는 실내열교환기(31)와, 실내열교환기(31)의 일측에 구비되는 실내팽창장치(33)를 각각 구비하고 있다.Each indoor unit 30 is provided with the indoor heat exchanger 31 which heat-exchanges with indoor air as a refrigerant | coolant passes, and the indoor expansion device 33 provided in one side of the indoor heat exchanger 31, respectively.

한편, 분배기(40)는, 일측이 압축기(11)의 토출측에 연결되는 고압기관(41)과, 일측이 실외열교환기(15)에 연결되는 고압액관(43)과, 일측이 압축기(11)의 흡입측에 연결되는 저압기관(45)을 각각 구비하고 있으며, 고압기관(41) 및 저압기관(45)에는 각각 해당 냉매관을 개폐할 수 있도록 고압밸브(42) 및 저압밸브(46)가 각각 설치되어 있다. 여기서, 저압기관(45)은 저압측의 유동저항을 줄일 수 있도록 관경이 가장 큰 대배관을 이용하여 형성되고, 고압기관(41)은 저압기관(45)에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지는 중배관을 이용하여 형성되며, 고압액관(43)은 가장 작 은 직경을 가지는 소배관으로 각각 형성되어 있다. On the other hand, the distributor 40, one side is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 11, the high-pressure engine 41, one side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 15, the high-pressure liquid pipe 43, and one side is the compressor 11 Each of the low pressure engines 45 connected to the suction side of the high pressure engine 41 and the low pressure engine 45 has a high pressure valve 42 and the low pressure valve 46 so as to open and close the refrigerant pipe, respectively. Each is installed. Here, the low pressure pipe 45 is formed using a large pipe having the largest diameter so as to reduce the flow resistance on the low pressure side, the high pressure pipe 41 is a heavy pipe having a reduced diameter compared to the low pressure pipe 45 It is formed by using, the high-pressure liquid pipe 43 is formed of small pipes each having the smallest diameter.

이러한 구성에 의하여, 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)가 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)보다 많은 소위 냉방주체 운전인 경우, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 압축기(11)에서 토출된 냉매 중 일부는 실외열교환기(15)를 경유하여 고압액관(43)을 따라 분배기(40)로 유동되고, 일부는 고압기관(41)을 따라 분배기(40)로 유동된다. 분배기(40)로 유동된 고압액관(43)의 냉매는 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)로 유동되어 실내팽창장치(33)를 통과하면서 감압팽창되고 실내열교환기(31)에서 잠열을 흡수하는 냉방작용을 수행하게 된다. 고압기관(41)의 냉매는 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)로 유입되어 방열되면서 난방작용을 수행하고 응축된 후 고압액관(43)의 냉매와 합류된다. By such a configuration, when the indoor unit 30 to be cooled is more so-called cooling main body operation than the indoor unit 30 to be heated, as shown in FIG. 1, some of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 The outdoor heat exchanger (15) flows along the high pressure liquid pipe (43) to the distributor (40), and a part flows through the high pressure engine (41) to the distributor (40). The refrigerant in the high pressure liquid tube 43 flowing to the distributor 40 flows to the indoor unit 30 which is operated to be cooled, passes through the indoor expansion device 33, expands under reduced pressure, and cools to absorb latent heat in the indoor heat exchanger 31. Will perform the action. The refrigerant of the high pressure engine 41 flows into the indoor unit 30 which is heated and radiates to perform a heating operation, condenses, and then merges with the refrigerant of the high pressure liquid tube 43.

한편, 운전되는 실내유니트(30)가 모두 난방운전되는 소위 난방전실 운전인 경우, 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 압축기(11)에서 토출된 냉매는 고압기관(41)을 따라 분배기(40)로 유동된 후, 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)의 실내열교환기(31)로 유입되어 방열되면서 난방작용을 수행하여 응축된 후 고압액관(43)을 따라 유동된다. 고압액관(43)을 따라 유동된 냉매는 실외팽창장치(19)를 거쳐 감압팽창된 후 실외열교환기(15)에서 잠열을 흡수한 후 유로절환밸브(13) 및 어큐뮬레이터(12)를 경유하여 압축기(11)로 흡입되어 압축 및 토출되는 과정을 반복하게 된다. On the other hand, when the indoor unit 30 to be operated is all the so-called heating room operation is all heating operation, as shown in Figure 2, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 to the distributor 40 along the high-pressure engine 41 After the flow, the heat is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 31 of the indoor unit 30 being heated and radiated to perform the heating operation while condensing and flowing along the high pressure liquid pipe 43. The refrigerant flowing along the high pressure liquid pipe 43 is expanded under reduced pressure through the outdoor expansion device 19 and absorbs latent heat from the outdoor heat exchanger 15, and then passes through the flow path switching valve 13 and the accumulator 12. The process of being sucked into 11 and compressed and discharged is repeated.

그런데, 이러한 종래의 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨에 있어서는, 운전되는 실내유니트(30) 전부 난방 운전되는 난방전실 운전 또는 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)가 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)보다 많은 난방 주체 운전되는 경우, 압축기 (11)로부터 압축되어 토출되는 냉매는 상대적으로 직경이 작은 고압기관(41)을 통해 모두 분배기(40)로 유동하도록 되어 있어, 냉매의 유동저항이 증가하게 되는 등 냉매배관을 효율적으로 이용하지 못하게 되어 난방효율을 저해하게 된다고 하는 문제점이 있다. By the way, in such conventional air-conditioning simultaneous multi-air conditioners, all of the indoor units 30 to be operated are heated in all the rooms, or the heating unit is heated more than the indoor unit 30 in which the air is operated. In this case, the refrigerant compressed and discharged from the compressor 11 is all flowed to the distributor 40 through the relatively small high-pressure engine 41, so that the refrigerant resistance is increased, such that the refrigerant resistance is increased. There is a problem that can not be used to inhibit the heating efficiency.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은, 냉매의 유동저항을 줄일 수 있어 난방 효율을 제고시킬 수 있는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨을 제공하는 것이다. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating simultaneous multi air conditioner which can reduce the flow resistance of the refrigerant and improve the heating efficiency.

상기 목적은, 본 발명에 따라, 복수의 실내유니트와; 압축기 및 실외열교환기를 구비한 실외유니트와; 상기 압축기의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환할 수 있도록 설치되는 사방밸브와; 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 대배관과, 상기 대배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 중배관과, 상기 중배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 실외열교환기에 연결되는 소배관을 구비하여 상기 실외유니트 및 상기 실내유니트 사이에 개재되어 상기 실외유니트로부터 제공되는 냉매가 상기 실내유니트로 분배되도록 하는 분배기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨에 의해 달성된다. The object is, according to the present invention, a plurality of indoor unit; An outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; A four-way valve installed on the discharge side of the compressor to switch the flow path of the refrigerant; One side has a large pipe connected to the four-way valve, a diameter smaller than that of the large pipe and one side is connected to the four-way valve, and a diameter smaller than that of the heavy pipe and one side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. It is achieved by a simultaneous air-conditioning multi-air conditioner, comprising a distributor having a small pipe connected to the intervening between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit to distribute the refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit. .

여기서, 상기 실내유니트 중 냉방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량이 난방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량보다 많은 경우, 냉매의 흐름방향을 따라 상기 중배관은 상기 사방밸브의 하류측에 연결되도록 구성하는 것이 바람직하다.Here, when the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit of the cooling operation of the indoor unit is larger than the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit of the heating operation, the heavy pipe along the flow direction of the refrigerant is configured to be connected to the downstream side of the four-way valve It is preferable.

상기 분배기는 상기 각 실내유니트와 연결될 수 있도록 분기된 상기 대배관 및 상기 중배관을 각각 개폐할 수 있도록 복수의 대배관개폐밸브 및 중배관개폐밸브를 구비한 것이 효과적이다.The distributor may be effectively provided with a plurality of large pipe open and close valves and heavy pipe open and close valves to open and close the large pipe and the heavy pipe branched to be connected to each of the indoor units, respectively.

상기 실내유니트중 난방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량이 냉방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량보다 많은 경우, 상기 사방밸브는 상기 압축기로부터 토출되는 냉매가 상기 대배관을 따라 유동되도록 유로를 절환하고, 난방운전되는 실내유니트에 연결된 대배관의 각 대배관개폐밸브는 해당 대배관이 개방되도록 동작되도록 구성하는 것이 바람직하다.When the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit that is heated in the indoor unit is greater than the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit that is operated in the cooling operation, the four-way valve switches the flow path so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows along the large pipe, Each of the large pipe opening and closing valves of the large pipe connected to the indoor unit to be heated is preferably configured to be operated to open the corresponding large pipe.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 대해 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨의 구성도이고, 도 4는 도 3의 난방주체 운전시 냉매의 흐름을 도시한 도면이다. 전술 및 도시한 구성과 동일 및 동일 상당부분에 대해서는 도면 설명의 편의상 동일한 참조부호를 부여하여 설명하기로 한다. 이들 도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨은, 복수의 실내유니트(30)와, 압축기(11) 및 실외열교환기(15)를 구비한 실외유니트(10)와, 압축기(11)의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환할 수 있도록 설치되는 사방밸브(14)와, 일측이 사방밸브(14)에 연결되는 대배관(52)과 대배관(52)에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 사방밸브(14)에 연결되는 중배관(54)과 중배관(54)에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 실외열교환기(15)에 연결되는 소배관(56)을 구비하여 실외유니트(10) 및 실내유니트(30) 사이에 개재되어 실외유니트(10)로부터 제공되는 냉매가 실내유니트(30)로 분배되도록 하는 분배기(50)를 포 함하여 구성되어 있다. 3 is a block diagram of a simultaneous air-conditioning type multi air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a view showing the flow of the refrigerant during the operation of the heating main body of FIG. The same and equivalent parts as those described above and shown in the drawings will be described with the same reference numerals for convenience of description. As shown in these figures, the present air-conditioning simultaneous multi air conditioner includes a plurality of indoor units 30, an outdoor unit 10 having a compressor 11 and an outdoor heat exchanger 15, and a compressor 11; The four-way valve 14 is installed to switch the flow path of the refrigerant on the discharge side of the, and one side has a reduced diameter compared to the large pipe 52 and the large pipe 52 connected to the four-way valve 14 and one side The outdoor unit 10 having a reduced diameter compared to the heavy pipe 54 and the heavy pipe 54 connected to the four-way valve 14 and a small pipe 56 connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 15 on one side thereof. And a distributor 50 interposed between the indoor unit 30 and allowing the refrigerant provided from the outdoor unit 10 to be distributed to the indoor unit 30.

실외유니트(10)는, 냉매를 압축하는 압축기(11)와, 압축기(11)의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환하도록 설치되는 사방밸브(14)와, 냉방 전실 운전 또는 냉방 주체 운전 시 운전 시 압축된 냉매가 방열을 통해 응축되도록 하는 실외열교환기(15)로 구성되어 있다. 압축기(11)의 일측에는 어큐뮬레이터(12)가 구비되어 있으며, 어큐뮬레이터(12)의 유입 측은 사방밸브(14)에 연결되어 있다. 실외열교환기(15)의 일측에는 열교환이 촉진될 수 있도록 실외팬(17)이 설치되어 있으며, 냉매의 유동방향을 따라 실외열교환기(15)의 일측에는 실외팽창장치(19)가 마련되어 있다. 실외팽창장치(19)의 일측에는 체크밸브(23)가 구비된 우회유로(21)가 형성되어 있다. The outdoor unit 10 includes a compressor 11 for compressing a refrigerant, a four-way valve 14 installed on the discharge side of the compressor 11 so as to switch a flow path of the refrigerant, and a compression at the time of operation in a cooling room operation or a cooling main body operation. It is composed of an outdoor heat exchanger 15 to allow the refrigerant to condense through heat dissipation. An accumulator 12 is provided at one side of the compressor 11, and an inflow side of the accumulator 12 is connected to the four-way valve 14. An outdoor fan 17 is installed at one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 15 to facilitate heat exchange, and an outdoor expansion device 19 is provided at one side of the outdoor heat exchanger 15 along the flow direction of the refrigerant. One side of the outdoor expansion device 19 is formed with a bypass passage 21 provided with a check valve 23.

각 실내유니트(30)는, 냉매가 통과되면서 실내 공기와 열교환되는 실내열교환기(31)와, 실내열교환기(31)의 일측에 구비되는 실내팽창장치(33)를 각각 구비하고 있다.Each indoor unit 30 is provided with the indoor heat exchanger 31 which heat-exchanges with indoor air as a refrigerant | coolant passes, and the indoor expansion device 33 provided in one side of the indoor heat exchanger 31, respectively.

한편, 분배기(50)는, 상대적으로 큰 직경을 가지며 일측이 사방밸브(14)에 연결되는 대배관(52)과, 대배관(52)에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 냉방주체운전 또는 냉방 전실운전 시 냉매의 흐름방향을 따라 사방밸브(14)의 하류측에 연결되는 중배관(54)과, 중배관(54)에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지고 실외열교환기(15)측에 연결되는 소배관(56)을 구비하고 있다. On the other hand, the distributor 50 has a relatively large diameter and one side is connected to the four-way valve 14, the large pipe 52 and the diameter reduced compared to the large pipe 52, the cooling main operation or cooling all room operation Heavy pipes 54 connected to the downstream side of the four-way valve 14 along the flow direction of the refrigerant, and small pipes connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 15 side with a reduced diameter compared to the heavy pipes 54 ( 56).

분배기(50)의 내부의 대배관(52)과, 중배관(54) 및 소배관(56)은 각 실내유니트(30)와 연결될 수 있도록 각각 분기되어 있으며, 분기된 각 대배관(52) 및 중 배관(54)에는 해당 실내유니트(30)의 운전 상태에 따라 해당 유로를 개폐할 수 있도록 대배관개폐밸브(53) 및 중배관개폐밸브(55)가 각각 설치되어 있다. The large pipe 52, the heavy pipe 54, and the small pipe 56 inside the distributor 50 are branched so as to be connected to each indoor unit 30, and each of the large pipe 52 branched and The heavy pipe 54 is provided with a large pipe opening and closing valve 53 and a heavy pipe opening and closing valve 55 to open and close the flow path according to the operation state of the indoor unit 30.

분기되어 각 실내열교환기(31)와 연결된 각 소배관(56)에는 해당 실내유니트(30)의 냉방 운전 시 냉매가 통과하면서 감압팽창될 수 있도록 실내팽창장치(33)가 각각 설치되어 있다. 여기서, 대배관(52)의 직경이 9/8인치(inch)인 경우, 중배관(54)의 직경은 7/8인치 내지 1인치 정도, 소배관(56)의 직경은 1/2인치 정도로 각각 구성된다. Each of the small pipes 56 branched and connected to each indoor heat exchanger 31 is provided with an indoor expansion device 33 so that the refrigerant may expand under reduced pressure during the cooling operation of the indoor unit 30. Here, when the diameter of the large pipe 52 is 9/8 inches (inch), the diameter of the heavy pipe 54 is about 7/8 inches to about 1 inch, the diameter of the small pipe 56 is about 1/2 inches Each is composed.

이러한 구성에 의하여, 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)가 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)보다 많은 소위 냉방주체 운전인 경우, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 사방밸브(14)는 압축기(11)에서 압축 및 토출된 냉매가 실외열교환기(15)로 유동되도록 유로를 절환한다. 사방밸브(14)를 경유한 냉매 중 일부는 실외열교환기(15)에서 방열/응축되고 소배관(56)을 따라 분배기(50)로 유동되며, 일부는 중배관(54)을 따라 분배기(50)로 유동된다. With this configuration, when the indoor unit 30 to be cooled is more so-called cooling main body operation than the indoor unit 30 to be heated, as shown in FIG. 3, the four-way valve 14 is connected to the compressor 11. The flow path is switched so that the compressed and discharged refrigerant flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (15). Some of the refrigerant via the four-way valve (14) is radiated / condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger (15) and flows to the distributor (50) along the small pipe (56), and some of the refrigerant (50) along the heavy pipe (54). Flows).

중배관(54)을 따라 유동된 냉매는 중배관개폐밸브(55)를 통과해 해당 실내열교환기(31)로 유입되어 난방작용을 수행하고, 소배관(56)을 따라 유동되어 소배관(56)을 따라 분배기(50)로 유동된 냉매와 합류된 후, 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)의 실내팽창장치(33)를 거치면서 감압팽창되고 해당 실내열교환기(31)에서 잠열을 흡수하는 냉방작용을 수행하게 된다. 냉방작용을 수행한 냉매는 대배관개폐밸브(53)를 통해 대배관(52)을 따라 유동된 후 사방밸브(14) 및 어큐뮬레이터(12)를 경유하여 압축기(11)로 흡입 및 압축되는 과정을 반복하게 된다. The refrigerant flowing along the heavy pipe (54) passes through the heavy pipe open / close valve (55) to enter the indoor heat exchanger (31) to perform a heating operation, and flows along the small pipe (56) to the small pipe (56). After joining with the refrigerant flowing into the distributor 50 along the), and expands under reduced pressure while passing through the indoor expansion device 33 of the indoor unit (30) to be cooled and cooled to absorb latent heat in the indoor heat exchanger (31) Will perform the action. The refrigerant having performed the cooling operation flows along the large pipe 52 through the large pipe opening / closing valve 53 and then sucked and compressed to the compressor 11 via the four-way valve 14 and the accumulator 12. Will repeat.

한편, 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)로 유동되는 냉매량이 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)로 유동되는 냉매량보다 큰 난방주체운전 또는 운전되는 실내유니트(30)가 모두 난방운전되는 난방전실 운전인 경우, 사방밸브(14)는 압축기(11)에서 압축되어 토출되는 냉매가 모두 대배관(52)을 따라 유동되도록 유로를 절환하게 된다. On the other hand, when the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit 30 that is heated and operated is greater than the amount of refrigerant that flows into the indoor unit 30 that is cooled and operated, or the heating unit operation in which all of the indoor units 30 that are operated are heated. In addition, the four-way valve 14 switches the flow path such that all of the refrigerant compressed and discharged from the compressor 11 flows along the large pipe 52.

난방주체 운전시 압축된 냉매는, 도 4에 도시된 바와 같이, 사방밸브(14)를 경유하여 대배관(52)을 따라 분배기(50)로 유동되고, 분배기(50)로 유동된 냉매는 난방운전되는 실내유니트(30)의 해당 대배관개폐밸브(53)를 통해 해당 실내열교환기(31)로 유입되어 실내 공기와 열교환되면서 난방작용을 수행하게 된다. As shown in FIG. 4, the refrigerant compressed during operation of the heating main body flows to the distributor 50 along the large pipe 52 via the four-way valve 14, and the refrigerant flowed to the distributor 50 is heated. It is introduced into the corresponding indoor heat exchanger 31 through the corresponding large pipe opening and closing valve 53 of the indoor unit 30 that is operated, and heat-exchanges with the indoor air to perform a heating operation.

난방작용을 수행한 냉매는 소배관(56)을 따라 유동되고 일부는 실외팽창장치(19)를 통과하면서 감압팽창된 후 실외열교환기(15)에서 잠열을 흡수하여 증발되고, 다른 일부는 냉방운전되는 실내유니트(30)의 실내팽창장치(33)를 거치면서 감압팽창된 후 실내열교환기(31)에서 잠열을 흡수하는 냉방작용을 수행한 후 중배관(54)을 따라 유동된다. The refrigerant that has been heated is flowed along the small pipe 56, and part of the refrigerant is expanded under reduced pressure while passing through the outdoor expansion device 19, and the latent heat is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger 15 to evaporate. After expanding under reduced pressure while passing through the indoor expansion device (33) of the indoor unit (30) to perform a cooling action to absorb the latent heat in the indoor heat exchanger (31) flows along the heavy pipe (54).

실외열교환기(15)를 경유한 냉매와 중배관(54)을 따라 유동된 냉매는 서로 합류되어 사방밸브(14) 및 어큐뮬레이터(12)를 경유한 후 압축기(11)로 흡입되어 압축 및 토출되는 과정을 반복하게 된다. The refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger (15) and the refrigerant flowing along the heavy pipe (54) are joined to each other through the four-way valve (14) and the accumulator (12), and then sucked into the compressor (11) to be compressed and discharged. The process is repeated.

이상 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따르면, 복수의 실내유니트와; 압축기 및 실외열교환기를 구비한 실외유니트와; 상기 압축기의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환할 수 있도록 설치되는 사방밸브와; 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 대배관 과, 상기 대배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 중배관과, 상기 중배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 실외열교환기에 연결되는 소배관을 구비하여 상기 실외유니트 및 상기 실내유니트 사이에 개재되어 상기 실외유니트로부터 제공되는 냉매가 상기 실내유니트로 분배되도록 하는 분배기를 포함하도록 함으로써, 냉매의 유동저항을 줄일 수 있어 난방 효율을 제고시킬 수 있는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨이 제공된다. As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of indoor units; An outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; A four-way valve installed on the discharge side of the compressor to switch the flow path of the refrigerant; One side has a large pipe connected to the four-way valve, a diameter smaller than that of the large pipe and one side is connected to the four-way valve, and a diameter smaller than that of the heavy pipe and one side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. It is provided with a small pipe connected to the interposed between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit to include a distributor for distributing the refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the refrigerant to improve heating efficiency Multi air conditioner for simultaneous heating and cooling is provided.

Claims (4)

복수의 실내유니트와;A plurality of indoor units; 압축기 및 실외열교환기를 구비한 실외유니트와;An outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; 상기 압축기의 토출측에 냉매의 유로를 절환할 수 있도록 설치되는 사방밸브와;A four-way valve installed on the discharge side of the compressor to switch the flow path of the refrigerant; 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 대배관과, 상기 대배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 사방밸브에 연결되는 중배관과, 상기 중배관에 비해 축소된 직경을 가지며 일측이 상기 실외열교환기에 연결되는 소배관을 구비하여 상기 실외유니트 및 상기 실내유니트 사이에 개재되어 상기 실외유니트로부터 제공되는 냉매가 상기 실내유니트로 분배되도록 하는 분배기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨. One side has a large pipe connected to the four-way valve, a diameter smaller than that of the large pipe and one side is connected to the four-way valve, and a diameter smaller than that of the heavy pipe and one side is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger. And a distributor configured to be connected between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit and having a small pipe connected to distribute the refrigerant provided from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 실내유니트 중 냉방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량이 난방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량보다 많은 경우, 냉매의 흐름방향을 따라 상기 중배관은 상기 사방밸브의 하류측에 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨. When the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit of the cooling operation of the indoor unit is greater than the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit of the heating operation, the heavy pipe along the flow direction of the refrigerant is connected to the downstream side of the four-way valve Multi air conditioner for simultaneous heating and cooling. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,The method according to claim 1 or 2, 상기 분배기는 상기 각 실내유니트와 연결될 수 있도록 분기된 상기 대배관 및 상기 중배관을 각각 개폐할 수 있도록 복수의 대배관개폐밸브 및 중배관개폐밸브를 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨. The distributor comprises a plurality of large pipe opening and closing valves and heavy pipe opening and closing valves for opening and closing the large pipe and the heavy pipe branched so as to be connected to each of the indoor units, respectively. 제3항에 있어서,The method of claim 3, 상기 실내유니트중 난방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량이 냉방운전되는 실내유니트로 유동되는 냉매량보다 많은 경우, 상기 사방밸브는 상기 압축기로부터 토출되는 냉매가 상기 대배관을 따라 유동되도록 유로를 절환하고, 난방운전되는 실내유니트에 연결된 대배관의 각 대배관개폐밸브는 해당 대배관이 개방되도록 동작되는 것을 특징으로 하는 냉난방 동시형 멀티 에어컨. When the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit that is heated in the indoor unit is greater than the amount of refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit that is operated in the cooling operation, the four-way valve switches the flow path so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows along the large pipe, Each of the large pipe opening and closing valves of the large pipe connected to the indoor unit being heated is operated to open the corresponding large pipe air-conditioning simultaneous multi-air conditioner.
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