KR100610288B1 - Apparatus and method for detecting speed of elevator car - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for detecting the speed of an elevator car by using the back electromotive force generated in the synchronous motor by the fall of the elevator car during passenger rescue in an elevator system without a machine room. The elevator car speed detecting device of the present invention is a frequency / voltage converter for converting the back electromotive force generated from the synchronous motor during the fall of the elevator car into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the back electromotive force, an analog / for converting the converted voltage into a digital value A digital converter, a speed table for storing a plurality of preset speed data, and a speed for selecting one speed data corresponding to a digital value from the plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table to determine it as the speed of the elevator car. It includes a decision part.

Elevator, Passenger rescue operation, Dropping, Back EMF, Partial pressure

Description

Elevator car speed detecting device and method {APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING SPEED OF ELEVATOR CAR}

1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an elevator system without a general machine room.

2 is a block diagram for explaining a conventional passenger rescue driving apparatus shown in FIG.

3 is a detailed block diagram of the conventional speed detecting apparatus shown in FIG. 2;

4 is a block diagram showing a passenger rescue driving apparatus employing an elevator car speed detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a detailed block diagram of the speed detecting device shown in Fig. 4.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

30: synchronous motor

42: speed reference setting unit

43: speed display output unit

44: speed determination unit

45: voltage divider circuit

46: F / V converter

47: A / D converter

51: speed calculator

49: speed table

The present invention relates to an elevator system, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for detecting the speed of an elevator car during passenger rescue operation in an elevator system without machine room.

As is well known, the elevator system is essentially installed in a high-rise building as a vertical means of transportation in the building, and provides lift, lower or stop service of the elevator car at the request of passengers or system administrators. In addition, in recent years, the installation of an elevator system without a machine room has been increased in order to increase aesthetics of buildings or space utilization in buildings.

1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator system without a machine room of the prior art. As shown in Fig. 1, the conventional elevator system without a machine room is a power source 16 for supplying electric power, the voltage and frequency of electric power input from the electric power source 16, and the moving speed of the elevator car (not shown). And a V / F converter 17 for converting the voltage and the frequency for adjusting the load, and a synchronous motor 15 for moving the elevator car up and down by connecting the elevator car and a rope. , A brake 14 connected to the synchronous motor 15 to turn the operation of the synchronous motor 15 on / off, and an encoder 19 connected to the synchronous motor 15 to control the operating speed of the synchronous motor 15. ), When the elevator control system 18 for controlling the above-mentioned components and the moving elevator car stop between floors of the building by external causes such as a power failure, etc. There is a rescue driving device 20 for rescue passengers.

In more detail, when an elevator car is stopped between floors of a building by a power failure or the like and passengers are trapped in the elevator car, in an elevator system with a machine room, the elevator car is manually opened in the machine room by an operator to lift the elevator car. Passengers are rescued by forcibly opening the door after dropping it into a safe door zone. However, in an elevator system without a machine room, electric power is applied to the brake 14 through a rescue operation device 20 installed in an elevator hall or the like by an operator to operate a stopped elevator car to a safe door zone (not shown). Rescue passengers by forcibly opening the door after dropping. During the dropping of the elevator car, the rescue driving apparatus 20 detects the falling speed of the elevator car by using a speed governor (not shown) or a separate speed detecting device (not shown), and the like. The brake 14 of the elevator system is appropriately controlled so that the fall speed does not exceed a predetermined reference speed.

Prior art of rescue operation devices used in elevator systems without machine rooms is described in US Pat. No. 6,269,910. Hereinafter, a conventional rescue driving apparatus applied to an elevator system without a machine room will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,269,910.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional rescue operation apparatus 20 includes a battery control device 1, a battery 2, a voltage converter 3, an overspeed detection device 4, and a rescue operation switch 6. And an overspeed safety switch 7, a brake open switch 8, a brake open display device 9, a speed display device 10, and a door zone display device 12.

In detail, the battery control device 1 applies the power from an input power source (not shown) to the battery 2 in preparation for a power failure to control the battery 2 so that the power is always kept in a charged state. . The rescue operation switch 6 operates in three modes of normal operation, rescue operation and brake test, which can be changed manually by the operator. For example, when the rescue operation switch 6 is changed to the rescue operation mode by the operator and operated, the voltage converter 3 converts the voltage input from the battery 2 into a voltage for driving the brake 14. do.

The speed detecting encoder 5 is responsible for detecting a falling speed of the elevator car and converting it into an electric signal. In general, a speed encoder is used as the speed detecting encoder 5, but other speeds are used. Detection devices may be used. The speeding detection device 4 receives the falling speed signal of the elevator car from the speed detecting encoder 5 and determines whether the falling speed of the elevator car is overspeed. That is, the speed detecting device 4 determines that the speed is higher when the falling speed of the elevator car from the speed detecting encoder 5 exceeds the predetermined reference speed through a comparison operation, and the speed display device connected to the speed detecting device 4. An alarm is generated through 10, and the falling car is stopped by closing the brake 14 by cutting off the power transmitted from the voltage converter 3 to the brake 14. The falling speed of the elevator car calculated by the overspeed detection device 4 is transmitted to the speed display device 10 and displayed. In addition, the speed detecting device 4 receives the position information of the nearest floor which passengers of the falling car can get off from the door zone detecting device 11 and displays it on the door zone display device 12. A more detailed description of the speed detecting device 4 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

The overspeed safety switch 7 is used only when the elevator car falling at a speed higher than a predetermined reference speed cannot be stopped at a desired position due to a failure of the overspeed detection device 4, and is controlled by the speed adjusting governor 13. The falling car is stopped by closing the electric power transmitted from the voltage converter 3 to the brake 14 and closing the brake 14.

The brake open switch 8 manually operated by the operator serves to open or close the brake 14. For example, when the brake open switch 8 is on, power from the voltage converter 3 is transferred to the brake 14 to open the brake 14, while off is the voltage converter 3. Power from) is cut off to close the brake 14. Information on the opening or closing of the brake 14 according to the on / off of the brake opening switch 8 is displayed on the brake opening display device 9.

In the hardware configuration of such a conventional rescue driving apparatus 20, when an elevator car is stopped between floors and floors of a building by a power failure or the like and passengers are trapped in the elevator car, the rescue driving switch 6 is rescued by an operator. The rescue operation apparatus 20 is operated by changing to a driving mode. When the rescue operation switch 6 is changed to the rescue operation mode by the operator and the brake release switch 8 is turned on, the brake 14 is opened in response to the voltage transmitted from the voltage converter 3. The elevator car, which was stationary between floors, begins to fall. When the elevator car falls, the encoder 5 detects the falling speed signal of the elevator car and transmits the falling speed signal to the speed detecting device 4, and the speed detecting device 4 obtains the falling speed from the falling speed signal and displays the speed display device 10. Display). With reference to the falling speed displayed on the speed display device 10, the operator adjusts the falling speed of the elevator car by turning on / off the brake release switch 8 appropriately. That is, the operator stops the falling elevator car by turning off the brake release switch 8 when the elevator car falls and reaches a position corresponding to the position information of the door zone closest to the elevator car displayed on the door zone display device 12, Rescue the passengers by opening the door of the elevator car.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining in detail the conventional speed detection apparatus 4 shown in FIG. First, a falling speed signal of an elevator car of a square wave input from the encoder 5 is counted in the pulse count unit 41 and transmitted to the speed calculating unit 48. The speed calculating unit 48 obtains the falling speed based on the count result from the pulse counting unit 41 and outputs the falling speed to the speed displaying device 10 through the speed displaying output unit 43. The speed reference setting unit 42 sets the speed reference value based on the preset maximum allowable drop allowance speed of the elevator car, and the speed determination unit 44 determines the falling speed and the speed reference of the elevator car calculated by the speed calculator 48. The speed reference value set by the setting unit 42 is compared to determine whether the falling speed of the falling car is overspeed. For example, when the falling speed of the elevator car is smaller than the speed reference value, the speed detecting device 4 opens the brake 14 to drop the elevator car by transferring electric power from the voltage converter 3 to the brake 14. Otherwise, if the falling speed of the elevator car is greater than the overspeed reference value, the overspeed detection device 4 determines that overspeed and cuts off the power transmitted from the voltage converter 3 to the brake 14 to close the brake 14. Stop the elevator car in progress. This operation is repeatedly performed until the falling elevator car reaches the position indicated on the door zone display device 12.

However, since the conventional rescue driving apparatus uses the speed detecting encoder to detect the falling speed of the falling elevator car, it not only increases the overall cost of the rescue driving apparatus but also the safety of the passengers in the event of a failure of the encoder. There is a problem that this may be threatened.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for efficiently detecting the speed of an elevator car during a passenger rescue operation without a separate speed detecting device such as an encoder.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a rescue driving device having a new elevator car speed detection device.

According to a feature of the present invention, an apparatus for detecting the speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving an elevator car up and down and a brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room, which is synchronized during the falling of the elevator car. A frequency / voltage converter for converting the counter electromotive force generated from the motor into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the counter electromotive force, an analog / digital converter for converting the converted voltage into a digital value, and a speed for storing a plurality of predetermined speed data An elevator car speed detection device is provided that includes a table and a speed determination section for selecting one speed data corresponding to a digital value from a plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table and determining it as the speed of the elevator car.

According to another aspect of the present invention, as an elevator car speed detection method of the device for detecting the speed of the elevator car in conjunction with the synchronous motor for moving the elevator car up and down and the brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room Converting the counter electromotive force generated from the synchronous motor into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the counter electromotive force during the fall of the elevator car, converting the converted voltage into a digital value, storing a plurality of predetermined speed data, and storing the plurality of stored An elevator car speed detection method is provided, comprising selecting one speed data corresponding to a digital value from three preset speed data and determining it as the speed of the elevator car.

According to another feature of the present invention, a rescue operation apparatus having an apparatus for detecting the speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving the elevator car up and down and a brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room. As an elevator car speed detecting device, a frequency / voltage converter for converting a counter electromotive force generated from a synchronous motor during a fall of an elevator car into a voltage corresponding to a frequency of the counter electromotive force, and an analog / computer for converting the converted voltage into a digital value. A digital converter, a speed table for storing a plurality of preset speed data, and a speed for selecting one speed data corresponding to a digital value from the plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table to determine it as the speed of the elevator car. decision The rescue operation comprises a are provided.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

4 is a block diagram showing a rescue driving apparatus 50 employing an elevator car speed detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the rescue driving apparatus 50 of the present invention is the same as the rescue driving apparatus of the prior art shown in FIG. 2 except that it does not include an encoder. However, as will be described later, instead of using an encoder to detect the speed of an elevator car, the rescue operation apparatus 50 of the present invention is a counter electromotive force output from the conventional synchronous motor shown in FIG. ) And by slightly modifying the structure of the conventional speeding detection device shown in Fig. 2, it is possible to safely and effectively rescue passengers trapped in an elevator car. Accordingly, most elements in the rescue driving apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals as the corresponding elements in FIG. 60 are given different reference numbers. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the components having the same reference numerals as those of FIG. 2 in FIG. 4 will be omitted for convenience of description. Hereinafter, the synchronous motor 30, the rescue driving device 50, and the rescue driving device 50 will be omitted. The speed detection device 60 included in the description will be described in detail.

The synchronous motor 30, which serves to raise and lower the elevator car during normal operation of the elevator system, has a stator wound with a rotor and a coil made of permanent magnets. It is provided. When the rotor rotates by a predetermined force input from the outside of the synchronous motor 30, the stator winding is induced with a counter electromotive force having a frequency and magnitude proportional to the rotational speed of the rotor. The synchronous motor 30 raises and lowers the elevator car by using electromotive force having a direction opposite to the counter electromotive force induced in the stator by the rotation of the rotor.

Since the elevator car is raised and lowered by being connected to the synchronous motor 30 through a rope, the vertical moving speed of the elevator car is changed in proportion to the rotation speed of the rotor provided in the synchronous motor 30. According to this basic principle, if the counter electromotive force generated in the synchronous motor 30 is detected in proportion to the rotational speed of the rotor, the vertical movement speed of the elevator car can be detected. The present invention effectively detects the falling speed of the elevator car from the counter electromotive force generated in the synchronous electric motor 30 during the falling of the elevator car during the passenger rescue operation by the rescue driving device 50 by using such a characteristic.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining the speeding detection device 60 shown in FIG. 4 in detail. The speeding detection device 60 of the present invention includes a voltage divider circuit 45, an F / V converter 46, and A. FIG. / D conversion section 47, speed determining section 51, speed table 49, speed reference setting section 42, speed display output section 43, and speed determination section 44 are provided. Since the speed reference setting unit 42 and the speed determining unit 44 have been described in detail above with reference to FIG. 3, the description thereof will be omitted for convenience of description, and the following will describe the other components in detail. Shall be.

First, the voltage dividing circuit part 45 divides the back electromotive force of a few hundred volts generated from the synchronous motor 15 into a back electromotive force of several volts. At this time, even if the magnitude of the counter electromotive force is divided by the divided circuit unit 45, the frequency of the counter electromotive force does not change. The F / V converter 46 converts the frequency of the counter electromotive force input from the voltage divider circuit 45 into a voltage corresponding thereto. The A / D converter 47 converts the voltage input from the F / V converter 46 into a digital value and outputs it. As another embodiment of the present invention, the A / D converter 47 converts the voltage input from the F / V converter 46 and outputs the magnitude of the counter electromotive force directly input from the voltage divider circuit 45. The voltage shown can also be converted to a digital value and output.

On the other hand, the speed table 49 stores speed data of a plurality of preset elevator cars for use in the speed determining unit 51 described later. Each of the speed data of the plurality of preset elevator cars stored in the speed table 49 represents the speed of the elevator car or the rotation speed of the synchronous motor 30 and is converted from each of the plurality of preset magnitudes or frequencies of counter electromotive force. Corresponds to the voltage. For example, the speed data of the plurality of preset elevator cars stored in the speed table 49 may be converted into voltages converted from the magnitudes or frequencies of the plurality of preset counter electromotive force depending on whether the F / V converter 46 described above is employed. It is set to correspond to, and may include a value corresponding to twice the maximum allowable drop speed preset from zero. However, the arrangement structure and number of the speed data of the elevator car stored in the speed table 49 may be variously changed based on the performance and efficiency of the entire speed detecting device according to the present invention.

The speed determination unit 51 selects one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the A / D converter 47 from the speed table 49 and finally determines it as the falling speed of the elevator car. In detail, when the digital value input from the A / D converter 47 corresponds to the voltage from the F / V converter 46, the speed determiner 51 determines the counter electromotive force from the speed table 49. One velocity data corresponding to the voltage converted from the frequency is selected and output. On the other hand, the device is designed so that the digital value input from the A / D converter 47 does not correspond from the F / V converter 46 but corresponds to a voltage representing the magnitude of the counter electromotive force directly input from the voltage divider circuit 45. In this case, the speed determining unit 51 selects and outputs one speed data corresponding to the voltage converted from the magnitude of the counter electromotive force from the speed table 49. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the speed determiner 51 obtains the most similar speed data when the speed data corresponding to the digital value from the A / D converter 47 does not exist in the speed table 49. It can be selected and determined as the falling speed of the elevator car.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the overspeed detection device 60 is provided with the F / V converter 46, the A / D converter 47, and the speed table 49, instead of the synchronous motor 30. A database (not shown) may be provided to store various parameters of the elevator, such as the number of preset poles, the diameter of the sheaves and the number of roppings. At this time, the speed determining unit 51 uses the parameter set of the elevator stored in the database in determining the falling speed of the elevator car.

According to another embodiment of the present invention as described above, the falling speed of the elevator car during the passenger rescue operation of the rescue driving device 50 is equal to the rotation speed of the sheave on which the rope connecting the elevator car is wound, and the rotation speed of the sheave is a synchronous motor ( It is realized with the principle that the rotational speed of 30 is the same. In detail, the speed determination unit 51 first selects, from the database, the number of poles, the diameter of the sheave and the number of rovings of the synchronous motor 30 provided in the elevator system without the machine room of the present invention. Then, the speed determining unit 51 can determine the falling speed of the elevator car by applying the selected number of poles, the diameter of the sheaves and the number of ropings, and the frequency of the counter electromotive force directly input from the voltage divider circuit 45 to the following equation. have.

Here, rpm is the rotational speed per minute of the synchronous motor 30, rps is the rotational speed per second of the synchronous motor 30, f is the frequency of the back EMF generated from the synchronous motor 30, P is the pole of the synchronous motor 30 The number, Vcar, is the falling speed of the elevator car, D is the diameter of the sheave, and rop is the number of ropes.

As described above, the speed of the elevator car output from the speed determining unit 51 is provided to the speed display output unit 43 and the speed determining unit 44. As described above, the speed determining unit 44 according to the present invention determines whether the elevator car is overspeed based on the speed of falling of the elevator from the speed determining unit 51 and the speed reference value from the speed reference setting unit 42. By turning the brake 14 on / off, the rescue driving apparatus 50 can effectively control the falling elevator car to safely rescue the passengers in the elevator.

The present invention effectively detects the speed of an elevator car during passenger rescue operation by using back electromotive force generated by a synchronous motor included in an elevator system without having an additional speed detecting device such as a speed detecting encoder, thereby reducing costs and reliability. In the present invention, it is possible to provide an efficient elevator car speed detecting apparatus.

Moreover, this invention can provide the rescue operation apparatus which employ | adopted the efficient elevator car speed detection apparatus.

It is to be understood that the above described embodiments are merely illustrative of some of the various embodiments employing the principles of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (12)

A device for detecting the speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving the elevator car up and down and an brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room, A frequency / voltage converter for converting the counter electromotive force generated from the synchronous motor into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the counter electromotive force during the falling of the elevator car; An analog / digital converter for converting the converted voltage into a digital value; A speed table for storing a plurality of preset speed data, and A speed determination unit for selecting one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table and determining it as the speed of the elevator car Elevator car speed detection device comprising a. The method of claim 1, And a speed determining unit for comparing the falling speed of the elevator car and the speed reference speed to determine whether the falling speed of the elevator car is overspeed. The method of claim 2, And the speed determining unit stops the operation of the synchronous motor by closing the brake by closing power transmitted to the brake when it is determined that the falling speed of the elevator car is overspeed. The method of claim 2, And the speed reference speed is determined based on a preset maximum drop allowable speed of the elevator car. A device for detecting the speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving the elevator car up and down and an brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room, An analog / digital converter for converting a magnitude of back EMF generated from the synchronous motor into a digital value during the falling of the elevator car, A speed table for storing a plurality of preset speed data, and A speed determination unit for selecting one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table and determining it as the speed of the elevator car Elevator car speed detection device comprising a. A device for detecting the speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving the elevator car up and down and an brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor in an elevator system without a machine room, A database for storing parameter sets such as the number of poles of the synchronous motor, the diameter of the sheaves on which the rope connecting the elevator car, the number of roppings, and And a speed determining unit for determining the speed of the elevator car by applying the frequency of the back electromotive force generated from the parameter set and the synchronous motor to the following equation,

Here, rpm is the rotational speed per minute of the synchronous motor, rps is the rotational speed per second of the synchronous motor, f is the frequency of the counter electromotive force of the synchronous motor, P is the number of poles of the synchronous motor, Vcar is the falling speed of the elevator car, D is the diameter of the sheave, rop is the elevator car falling speed detection device indicating the number of roping. A rescue operation apparatus comprising a synchronous motor for moving an elevator car up and down in an elevator system without a machine room and a device for detecting the speed of the elevator car in association with a brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor, A rescue operation switch for changing the elevator system to a rescue operation mode; A battery control device for maintaining a state in which a battery is always charged with power; A voltage converter for converting a voltage input from the battery into a voltage for driving a brake; A brake open switch for opening and closing the brake; An elevator car speed detecting device for detecting a speed of the elevator car; An overspeed detecting device for determining whether the speed of the elevator car detected by the elevator car speed detecting device is overspeed; And A speed display device for displaying a falling speed of the elevator car, The elevator car speed detection device, A frequency / voltage converter for converting the counter electromotive force generated from the synchronous motor into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the counter electromotive force during the falling of the elevator car; An analog / digital converter for converting the converted voltage into a digital value; A speed table for storing a plurality of preset speed data, and A speed determination unit for selecting one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the plurality of preset speed data stored in the speed table and determining it as the speed of the elevator car Rescue driving device comprising a. An elevator car speed detection method of an apparatus for detecting a speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving an elevator car up and down in an elevator system without a machine room and a brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor, Converting the counter electromotive force generated from the synchronous motor during the falling of the elevator car into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the counter electromotive force; Converting the converted voltage into a digital value, Storing a plurality of preset speed data, and Selecting one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the stored plurality of preset speed data and determining it as the speed of the elevator car Elevator car speed detection method comprising a. The method of claim 8, And comparing the falling speed of the elevator car with the speed reference speed to determine whether the falling speed of the elevator car is overspeed. The method of claim 9, And the determining step stops the operation of the synchronous motor by closing the brake by closing the electric power transmitted to the brake when it is determined that the falling speed of the elevator car is overspeed. The method of claim 9, And said overspeed reference speed is determined based on a predetermined maximum fall allowed speed of said elevator car. An elevator car speed detection method of an apparatus for detecting a speed of an elevator car in conjunction with a synchronous motor for moving an elevator car up and down in an elevator system without a machine room and a brake for opening and closing the synchronous motor, Converting the magnitude of back EMF generated from the synchronous motor during the dropping of the elevator car into a digital value, Storing a plurality of preset speed data, and Selecting one speed data corresponding to the digital value from the stored plurality of preset speed data and determining it as the speed of the elevator car Elevator car speed detection method comprising a.

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