KR100604179B1 - Protective device that prevents rockfall and absorbs high kinetic energy such as rockfall - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide a protective device for preventing rockfall to cope with the anticipated rock impact energy in accordance with the site situation, and to achieve such effects in a relatively simple configuration.

The present invention is installed in the mountain area in need of protection at regular intervals, the base portion has a row of pillars (1) fixed to the mountain region through the hinge, the auxiliary rope between the top of each column and the mountain region of the column of columns (5) is pulled, and is enclosed on its valley side throughout the column of columns and held up and down by retaining ropes 11 and 12, which are tensely laid between the columns at the top and bottom of the column, respectively. In the protective device provided with), the reticular body 13 is constituted by combining a plurality of ring members 13a, and further connected to each other so that the inner circumferential sides of adjacent ring members 13a are in contact with each other. .

Description

Protective device that prevents rockfall and absorbs high kinetic energy such as rockfall

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a protection device for preventing rockfall, avalanche, and the like and to secure safety of roads and tracks, and more particularly, to a protection device capable of absorbing high kinetic energy, such as rockfall.

Conventionally, as such a protection apparatus, there exist some which are proposed by Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 3-45161. This conventional device is provided with a plurality of pillars installed upright through a hinge at a certain place in a mountain area, and a plurality of cross bars are fixedly attached side by side in a vertical direction across the pillars to install a firewall, and the top of each pillar and the slope of the mountain slope The auxiliary rope is fastened to a certain place of the auxiliary rope, and the brake device is installed so that the rope end is overlapped with the rope end and tightened securely with a fastening member so that friction resistance between the ropes is generated at the overlapping portion of the rope end. It is. In this conventional apparatus, since the barrier is rigid, the energy of the rockfall received by the barrier is partially absorbed by the deformation of the pillar and the barrier, but the amount absorbed is small, and most of the energy is absorbed by the brake apparatus. However, it is difficult to absorb large rock energy of 150-200 KJ or more only by frictional resistance by the fastening of the overlapping part of the rope end, and it cannot be installed in an area where a large weight of rock may fall.

Moreover, as another conventional apparatus, the horizontal rope is provided in the pillar which was fixedly set up in a fixed place of a mountain region, and each horizontal rope was comprised by putting together a plurality of rope pieces. A device having a structure in which a redundant portion is provided at an end portion and a buffer opening for generating sliding friction between ropes is provided at this overlapped portion. Also in this conventional apparatus, an auxiliary rope is provided on the mountain side, and a brake device is provided in the middle of the auxiliary rope. This brake device is also configured to absorb energy by sliding friction between the rope and the buffer section.

As described above, in the conventional apparatus, energy absorption is mainly dependent on the sliding friction between the rope and the buffer section, and the absorbable kinetic energy is increased as compared with the conventional apparatus, but is up to 400 to 500 KJ.

The problem of the present invention can easily set the kinetic energy to be absorbed according to the situation of the field, and can absorb the kinetic energy beyond the absorption achieved by the conventional apparatus, and furthermore, such an effect can be obtained by a relatively simple configuration. To help.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in the independent claims is installed at regular intervals over a certain length range of the place where the protection is inclined, the base has a column of pillars fixed to the mountain region through the hinge, An auxiliary rope is provided between the upper part of the column and the mountainous part of the mountain side of the column, and it is enclosed in the valley side over the whole column, and is stretched in the upper part and the lower part of the column between pillars, respectively. A protective device provided with a reticular body held up and down by a holding rope, wherein the reticular body is configured by connecting a plurality of ring members to each other such that the inner circumferential sides of adjacent ring members contact each other.

When the reticulated body formed by connecting a plurality of ring members, that is, a ring net, is subjected to a rockfall impact in the protection device, each ring member is pulled outward from the engaging portion with the other ring member, for example, At four places in the entire circumference, the ring member is deformed into a rectangle. Thus, the force for deforming the ring member becomes absorbed energy, and the deformation of the entire ring member in the ring net between the columns absorbs very large energy. In addition, since the force is uniformly transmitted from the ring member directly impacted to the ring member around it, energy absorption in the entire ring net is made very smoothly. By appropriately selecting the material of the ring member, the thickness of the wire rod to be formed, and the diameter of the ring member, it is possible to easily correspond to the magnitude of energy to be absorbed.

In the protection device of the present invention, a brake device for absorbing the impact energy applied to the holding rope is provided in the middle of the holding rope that is stretched between the pillars. And a holding loop securely fastened by the holding rope, the holding rope enters a pipe at one end of the overlapping both ends of the loop pipe, and passes through the loop pipe and extends out of the pipe at the other end. Doing. By such a configuration, the impact energy that cannot be handled by the ring net is propagated from the ring net to the holding low and is absorbed by the brake device. The tension exerted on the holding rope by the transmitted impact energy acts to reduce the diameter of the loop tube of the brake device, since the overlapped ends of the loop tube are firmly fastened by the fastening member, so that the diameter of the loop tube When the contraction occurs, the energy is absorbed by the friction of the loop pipe overlapping part at the fastening part, the friction between the loop pipe and the fastening member, and the strength of the loop pipe itself, and also the force required to reduce the diameter of the loop pipe. Energy absorption. As a result, energy can be effectively absorbed without exerting a large load on the holding rope.

In the protection device of the present invention, a brake device for absorbing the impact energy applied to the auxiliary rope is provided in the middle of the auxiliary rope that is struck between the mountain and the pillar. A loop tube securely fastened by the said secondary rope, said auxiliary rope enters the tube at one end of the overlapping both ends of said loop tube, and penetrates the loop tube and extends out of the tube at the other end. Doing. With this configuration, the impact energy propagated to the auxiliary rope is absorbed by the brake device provided in the rope. The operation of the brake device is as described above.

The protective device of the present invention according to the dependent claims is characterized in that the ring member constituting the network body is configured by turning the wire rod a plurality of times and fastening the wire rod in bundles by fastening means in various portions in the circumferential direction. . According to this configuration, it is easy to configure the ring net in accordance with the magnitude of the energy to be absorbed by appropriately selecting the material, thickness, and number of turns of the wire rod.

The protective device of the present invention as set forth in the other dependent claims is characterized in that the wire rod is a wire rod of an unusual shape having an enlarged diameter portion at regular intervals. According to this configuration, since the sliding between the wire rods constituting the ring member is prevented by the enlarged diameter portion, the diameter of the ring member does not widen even when a considerable impact energy is received, and the shape retention for the long term of the ring member is achieved. .

The protective device of the present invention as set forth in another dependent claim is characterized in that the ring member constituting the network body is made of a ring of wire rope. According to this configuration, the force required to deform the ring member increases, whereby a large kinetic energy can be absorbed.

The protection device of the present invention as set forth in another dependent claim is characterized in that the place where the anchorage of the auxiliary rope is located in the place between the pillar and the pillar when viewed from the front of the protection apparatus. With this configuration, when the auxiliary rope extends in a direction inclined with respect to the ring net, the falling rock collides with the ring net, the net protrudes toward the valley, and as a result, when the column is pulled by the net and tilted in an oblique direction, Since the auxiliary rope extends in almost the same direction as the inclined direction of the column, the brake device installed on the auxiliary rope is quickly acted on.

The protection device of the present invention as set forth in still another dependent claim is characterized in that the anchor head portion provided in the fixing portion with respect to the producing region of the auxiliary rope is provided so that swinging is possible. Even if a tension force is applied to any one of the two auxiliary ropes having different extension directions, the direction of the anchor head is changed to follow that direction, so that a load other than the tensile load is exerted on the anchor head. In other words, the longevity is long.

(Embodiment of the Invention)

1 is a schematic view of the protection device according to the present invention seen from the front, in the state actually installed, the front side of the figure is the valley side, and the rear side of the figure is the mountain side. This can be clearly seen with reference to the side view of FIG. 2.

The protection device has a plurality of metal pillars 1, and these pillars are installed directly on a concrete foundation 2 provided at predetermined intervals or directly on soil or rock in a mountain area. In detail, for example, in the case where a column is erected on the concrete foundation 2, a metal substrate is attached on the concrete foundation 2, and the joint part and the lower portion of the joint provided in the upper portion of the metal substrate are installed. One joint is hinged and supported so that the column can be tilted relative to the foundation. It can be tilted and moved in any direction from the valley side or the mountain side, or in an oblique direction.

On the upper side of the hill, the auxiliary rope fixing anchor 3 is fixed to the hill or the rock, and the head 4 is exposed to the ground as shown in FIG. An auxiliary rope 5 is tightened between the head 4 of the anchor and the upper part of the pillar 1, and a brake device 6 (described later) is provided in the middle thereof. The brake device 6 provided in each auxiliary rope can change the installation number according to anticipated fall energy of a rockfall.

The anchor 7 is also fixed to the mountain or rock on the side of the terminal post 1 at both ends, and the upper side anchor rope 9 between the head 8 of the anchor and the upper part of the terminal post 1. ) And the lower side anchor rope 10 is tightened between the terminal post 1 and the lower part. When the falling energy of rockfall is anticipated large, it is preferable to provide the brake apparatus 6 in the said anchor rope 9 above.

An upper support rope 11 is tightly stretched between an adjacent pillar and a pillar, and a lower support rope 12 is tightly stretched at a lower portion thereof, and ends of the respective ropes are coupled to the pillars. The upper and lower support ropes 11 and 12 may be provided in double, or may be three or more in some cases. These upper and lower support ropes 11 and 12 are also provided with the following brake devices 6. The brake device 6 attached to the upper and lower support ropes 11 and 12 is provided with one or more in consideration of anticipated fall energy of falling rocks.

Between the adjacent pillar and the pillar, the network body 13 supported by the said upper support rope 11 and the lower support rope 12 is pulverized. As shown in Fig. 3, the network 13 is constituted by interconnecting a plurality of ring members 13a such that the inner circumferential side of adjacent ring members contacts each other. In the figure, a reticle using only the circular ring member 13a is shown, but a polygonal shape close to a circular shape may be used, or a reticulated body combining a combination of circular polygons may be used. In addition, a network member may be formed by connecting a triangular or quadrangular ring member and a circular or polygonal ring in combination, or may further be configured by combining various ring members. The connection between the upper and lower ring members, the upper support rope 11 and the lower support rope 12, as shown in Fig. 3, in addition to the method of connecting each support rope through the ring of the ring member 13a, the ring You may connect using the coupling member (not shown) which connects the member 13a and the upper and lower support ropes.

The ring member 13a is configured by winding the wire rod a plurality of times as shown in FIG. 4, and fixing the wire rod bundle by fastening means 13b in various portions in the circumferential direction. Specifically, the fastening means is, for example, a cylindrical metal member having a C-shaped cross section, and is fitted to the wire bundle through the opening, and then fixed to the wire bundle by a clamping tool. By reducing the number of turns of the wire rod or selecting the thickness of the wire rod, the energy absorbing force of the ring member 13a can be adjusted. The wire rod may be made of steel, for example, and may be a circular steel wire having a constant diameter as shown in FIG. 4 (B), or a wire of different shape circular steel having enlarged diameters at regular intervals as shown in FIG. 4 (C). good. In the case of the ring member 13a in which wire rods of different shapes of circular steel shown in FIG. 4C are wound to form a bundle of wire rods, when the ring member 13a is subjected to impact energy of falling rocks, Even if a tensile force is applied in the direction, an enlarged diameter portion of adjacent wire rods is caught, and sliding between wire rods is prevented, and the diameter of the ring member 13a is difficult to change. Therefore, unless it is deformed or broken under extremely high impact energy, The ring shape of the original diameter can be kept over.

When greater energy absorption is required, the ring member 13a is constituted by a wire rope. A ring member made of a wire rope can be produced, for example, by bending a wire rope of a required length into a ring shape and caulking both ends by a "caulking" member.

The ring member 13a may be made of various materials, such as by winding a wire rod or by using a wire rope as shown in FIG. 4. For example, the ring member 13a may be made of steel, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, or the like. have.

When the reticular body 13 formed by connecting the ring member 13a, that is, the ring net is impacted by a rockfall, the impact force is transmitted from the center of the impact to the ring member as shown in FIG. 3 and is uniformly expanded outward. Each ring member is pulled outward from the connecting portion with the other ring member, and deformed according to the tensile force received by each ring member, so that the ring net is protruded toward the valley as shown in FIG. The case in which the ring member 13a is deformed to the greatest extent is shown in FIG. 5, depending on the magnitude of the force received and the degree to which the force is applied, the degree of deformation is different and the deformation shape is also different. By the deformation of the plurality of ring members 13a, absorption of very large energy is achieved. As described above, the amount of energy absorbed by the ring net can be arbitrarily changed depending on the configuration of the ring member.

According to the ring net, a large amount of energy can be absorbed. However, as described above, when the brake device 6 is provided on the upper and lower support ropes 11 and 12 and the auxiliary rope 5, energy absorption in the protection device is achieved. Increased ability Fig. 7 shows a specific example of such a brake device 6, and is composed of a loop pipe 6a and a fastening member 6d as shown in the figure, and the loop pipe 6a includes the support rope and the auxiliary rope. The middle part is inserted through. Both ends of the loop tube 6a are overlapped in parallel, and the overlapping portion is firmly fastened by a fastening member, for example, a compression sleeve 6b, and the overlapping portion of the loop pipe is firmly fastened by the compression sleeve. In addition, frictional contact is caused between the loop pipe and the compression sleeve. The loop pipe 6a is preferably a rigid pipe, but can be made of other metal material or plastic material.

Referring to the action of the brake device, when the impact force caused by the falling rocks spreads to the support ropes 11 and 12 and the auxiliary ropes 5, and abnormal tension occurs in these ropes, A force to reduce the diameter acts, so that both ends of the loop tube receive forces facing each other along the rope. When the tension applied to the rope tension exceeds the frictional force between the loop pipes in the fastening portion of the compression sleeve 6b and between the loop pipe and the compression sleeve, slipping occurs and the kinetic energy due to the shock is absorbed. do. Kinetic energy is also absorbed by the deformation of the loop tube.

By selecting the diameter, wall thickness and material of the loop tube 6, the energy absorbing capacity can be changed in various ways, so that it can simply respond to various requirements.

In the embodiment of Fig. 7, the case where the loop tube is wound once is shown, but may be wound twice or more.

As described above, the auxiliary rope 5 is stretched tightly between the head of the anchor fixed to the mountain side and the upper end of each pillar, and such an embodiment is particularly preferably as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the anchor is located approximately in the middle of two adjacent pillars 1 when viewed from the front of the installed protection apparatus. Therefore, the auxiliary rope 5 is in a state extending in the inclined direction with respect to the surface of the ring net (13). By the installation method of the auxiliary rope, the following effects are obtained. In other words, when a rockfall strikes one of the ring nets 13, the ring net protrudes forward as shown in FIG. Exerts an inclination force in the inclined direction with respect to the pillar (1) through the upper support rope (11). Since the inclination direction of the pillar is substantially the same as the extending direction of the auxiliary rope coupled to the pillar, tension is effectively exerted on the auxiliary rope, so that the brake device 6 provided on the auxiliary rope also reacts immediately. It absorbs kinetic energy. Such anchors can advantageously be used as described in US Pat. No. 5,321,922.

The anchor head 4 (FIG. 2) protruding from the inclined surface is formed in a loop shape, and can easily be combined with the auxiliary rope 5, and the swing of the head is freely formed. Even if it is combined, the direction can be changed without difficulty in the direction of the secondary rope generated tension, and because the force acting other than the tension is weak, can withstand long-term use.

As described above, the present invention comprises a reticular member composed of a ring member, and a support device between the pillar and the pillar, and an auxiliary loop between the hill and the pillar, and a brake device composed of a loop tube and a fastening member to be absorbed according to the situation of the site. It is possible to easily set the kinetic energy and at the same time to absorb the kinetic energy beyond the absorption achieved by the conventional apparatus, and furthermore, this has the effect of being obtained by a relatively simple configuration.

1 is a schematic view of the protective device according to the invention seen from the front;

2 is a schematic view of the protection device of FIG. 1 seen from the side;

3 is an enlarged view of a reticular body, ie a ringnet;

Figure 4 (A) is a perspective view showing an example of a ring member constituting a ring net, (B) and (C) is a perspective view showing a part of the wire rod constituting a ring member.

Figure 5 is a side view showing the state of the ringnet subjected to the impact of rockfall.

6 is a view showing a deformation of the impacted ring member.

7 is a perspective view showing a specific embodiment of the brake device.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: pillar 2: foundation

3: anchor for fixing the secondary rope 4: anchor head

5: auxiliary rope 6: brake device

6a: loop tube 6b: compression sleeve

7: anchor 8: anchor head

9: side upper anchor rope 10: side lower anchor rope

11: upper support rope 12: lower support rope

13: reticular body 13a: ring member

13b: Fastening means

Claims (5)

Installed at regular intervals over the required length of the inclined area where protection is required, the foundation has a row of pillars fixed to the mountain through a hinge, and an auxiliary rope is provided between the top of each column and the mountain region on the mountain side of the column. It is enclosed, and enclosed so as to project toward the valley over the entire column of columns, and the network is held up and down by a support rope squeezed in the upper and lower portions of the column respectively between the pillars, The reticular body is configured by interconnecting a plurality of ring members such that the inner circumferential sides of adjacent ring members are in contact with each other, The ring member constituting the reticular body is configured by winding the wire rod a plurality of times, and binding and fixing the wire rod in bundles by fastening means in various places in the circumferential direction. A brake device for absorbing impact energy applied to the support rope is provided in the middle of the support rope that is stretched between the pillars, and a loop pipe for fixing both ends of the brake device overlapped by a fastening member. The support rope enters into the loop tube at one end of the overlapping both ends of the loop tube, passes through the loop tube, and extends out of the other end of the loop tube; A brake device for absorbing the impact energy applied to the auxiliary rope is provided in the middle of the auxiliary rope that is tense between the mountain and the pillar, and the brake device fixes the overlapping ends by a fastening member. Having a tube, wherein the auxiliary rope enters into the loop tube at one end of the overlapping both ends of the loop tube, passes through the loop tube and extends out of the other end of the loop tube, A protective device that blocks falling rocks and absorbs high kinetic energy. The method of claim 1, The wire rod is a wire rod of different shape having an enlarged diameter portion at regular intervals, A protective device that blocks falling rocks and absorbs high kinetic energy. The method of claim 1, Ring member constituting the reticular body is composed of a ring of wire rope, A protective device that blocks falling rocks and absorbs high kinetic energy. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 4, The fixing place for the production site of the auxiliary rope is installed in a place away from the extension line of the pillar when viewed from the front of the protection device, A protective device that blocks falling rocks and absorbs high kinetic energy. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 4, Anchor head is installed to allow the swinging of the anchor head is installed in the fixing portion with respect to the mountain of the auxiliary rope, A protective device that blocks falling rocks and absorbs high kinetic energy.

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