KR100591301B1 - Method for inputting and outputting information using dot pattern - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, by assigning different functions to each dot of a dot pattern displayed on a printed matter or the like, the orientation of the dot pattern can be recognized and quickly informed, and at the same time, errors in the arrangement status of the dots can be confirmed, and safety The aim is to further increase. Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of lattice dots 4 are arranged in a rectangular shape on a medium surface such as a printed matter to form a block, the blocks are arranged regularly and continuously, and one lattice dot 4 in the block is placed. A dot arranged out of a predetermined direction is called a key dot 2, and the center of the dot dot 2 is arranged around the key dot 2 with the representative point and surrounded by four grid dots 4 at the same time. A dot pattern 1 is generated by arranging a plurality of information dots 3 for recognizing various pieces of information at the end point represented by the vector as a virtual point, according to a dot code generation algorithm, to generate a dot pattern 1, and the dot pattern 1 The block constituting the block is taken as image data through a camera, and the information according to the numerical value obtained by digitizing it and outputting program information are output.

Dot pattern, grid dot, key dot, information dot

Description

Information input / output method using dot pattern {METHOD FOR INPUTTING AND OUTPUTTING INFORMATION USING DOT PATTERN}

1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a dot pattern of the present invention.

2 is an enlarged view showing an example of information dots of a dot pattern.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing information dots arranged around the key dots.

Fig. 4 is an example of display of bits of information dots and data defined therein, showing another form.

Fig. 5 shows a bit display example of information dots and data defined therein, (a) shows two dots, (b) shows four dots, and (c) shows five dots.

Fig. 6 shows a modification of the dot pattern, in which (a) is arranged 6 information dots, (b) is arranged 9 information dots, (c) is arranged 12 information dots, and (d) is information. A schematic diagram of a 36 dot arrangement.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a state in which information dots I ₁ to I ₁₆ are paralleled in order to explain a method of checking an error of information dots.

8 is a view for explaining a method of checking an error of an information dot by allocating "0" to a lower bit.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a method for checking an error of an information dot by allocating "1" to a lower bit.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a method for checking an error of an information dot by allocating "0" and "1" as a lower bit.

11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which information dots I ₁ to I ₁₆ are arranged in parallel in order to explain the safety of the information dots.

12 is a front view showing another example of arrangement of dot patterns in which the arrangement position of key dots is changed.

FIG. 13 shows a dummy dot, (a) is an explanatory view of a dummy dot, (b) is an example of a print, (c) is an area of the print, and (d) is a dummy dot to define a boundary of a mask. It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of arrangement | positioning of the dot pattern regulated.

Fig. 14A is an explanatory diagram showing the order of inputting information dots, and (b) is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating the X, Y coordinate values by decoding the dot pattern.

15 is an explanatory diagram showing a dot pattern generation method excluding a rule, showing an information block that is a dot pattern.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a dot pattern generation method excluding regularity, showing a data block written in a dot pattern.

17 is a cross-sectional view of the camera.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the imaging range of a camera.

19 is an explanatory diagram showing four information dots.

20 is an explanatory diagram showing an image pickup center position and a sub-block input procedure by a camera.

Fig. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing an image pickup center position and a sub-block input procedure by a camera;

It is explanatory drawing which showed the imaging center position by a camera, and the input procedure of a sub block.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the imaging center position and the subblock input procedure by a camera.

The present invention relates to an information input / output method using a dot pattern for inputting and outputting various information or program information to be executed by optically decoding dot pattern information formed on a printed matter or the like.

Conventionally, an information output method has been proposed for reading barcodes printed on printed matters and outputting information such as voice. For example, a method has been proposed in which information matching with key information is stored in a storage means, and information retrieved through a key decrypted by a barcode reader is output.

In addition, a technology for generating a dot pattern in which fine dots are arranged in accordance with a predetermined law so as to output a large amount of information, and accepting the dot pattern printed on a printed matter as image data through a camera and digitizing it and outputting it as voice information is also proposed. It became.

However, the method of outputting voice or the like by using the above-described conventional barcode has a problem that the barcode printed on the printed matter is annoying. In addition, the bar code occupies a large part of the ground, and when the bar code becomes larger, the layout is to assign a plurality of bar codes to meaningful characters or objects appearing in the image such as a sentence, a paragraph, or a picture, a picture, or a graphic. It has a problem that it is impossible.

In addition, the dot pattern is accepted as image data through the camera, and the image data is digitized to 256 gray levels of achromatic colors, and 256 gray levels after differentiating the gray level change and sharpening the edges of the dots to make the dots easier to recognize. The data is binarized into white and black, which causes printing errors, smears, and errors when pixels are printed when the dots are printed on the ground, resulting in printing errors of the dots. In the past, such a printing error was checked by parity check. However, such error checking does not check printing errors for each dot, but checks data collections obtained from a plurality of dots. It is not possible to confirm which printing error occurred on which dots and secures a wider imaging range of the camera. There is a problem that must be done.

In addition, distortion occurs in the photographed dot pattern due to imaging due to lens skew or tilt, surface elasticity, media surface bending, and skew during printing. Holding it.

The present invention was devised to solve such a problem. That is, an object of the present invention is to define a large amount of data as a dot pattern by assigning different functions to each dot of the dot pattern displayed on a printed matter or the like, and to recognize the directionality in the informatization of the dot pattern so that the information can be quickly informed. At the same time, it is an object of the present invention to provide an information input / output method using a dot pattern that can confirm an error on the arrangement state of dots and improve safety.

According to the present invention, a plurality of lattice dots 4 are arranged in a rectangular shape on a medium surface such as a printed matter to form a block, the blocks are arranged regularly and continuously, and one lattice dot 4 in the block is placed. A dot arranged out of a predetermined direction is called a key dot 2, and the center of the dot dot 2 is arranged around the key dot 2 with the representative point and surrounded by four grid dots 4 at the same time. A dot pattern 1 is generated by arranging a plurality of information dots 3 for recognizing various pieces of information at the end point represented by the vector as a virtual point, according to a dot code generation algorithm, to generate a dot pattern 1, and the dot pattern 1 A dot pattern comprising a block constituting a block as image data through a camera, and outputting information according to a numerical value obtained by digitizing it and program information to be executed. The information is provided with input and output method.

The dot which recognizes the direction of the key dot 2 of the said dot pattern 1 through the said camera, and the dot arrange | positioned at the end point of a vector based on the direction is called the information dot 3. The above-mentioned information dot 3 can be displayed in multiple numbers centering on the virtual point of the lattice dot 4.

In the method of the above configuration, the dot pattern 1 formed on a medium such as printed matter is received as image data through a camera by using an information output device, a computer, a PDA or a mobile phone. The camera recognizes the dot printed on the dot pattern 1 according to the dot code generation algorithm, and outputs information according to the numerical value obtained by digitizing it and program information to be executed.

In particular, the dot pattern 1 can be taken as image data through a camera, the grid dot 4 is recognized, the key dot 2 is extracted, the directionality is recognized from the key dot 2, and the direction can be used as a parameter. have. Next, by extracting the information dot 3 arranged around the key dot 2, it is possible to promptly output information or program information to be executed.

Since the lattice dot 4 is arranged in the dot pattern 1, when the camera receives the dot pattern 1 as image data, the camera is photographed due to the lens skew or tilt, the elasticity of the paper surface, and the bending of the media surface. The skew can be corrected when printing. Specifically, a complementary function for exchanging the distorted four-point grid dot 4 with the original square.

Find (X _{n ,} Y _n ) = f (X ' _n , Y' _n ),

The information dot is complemented with the same function to obtain an accurate vector of information dots 3.

In the case of bit-displaying the data defined by the information dot 3, in order to use for error checking, one bit of one information dot 3 has redundancy and is obtained from the information dot I _n . By treating the upper bits of the data and the lower bits obtained from the information dot I _{n +1} in the same manner, the upper bits of the data obtained from the information dot I _n and the information dot in the state where the information dot 3 is displayed on the medium surface. When the lower bits of the data obtained at I _{n +1} are not the same, it is determined that the information dot 3 is not displayed at the proper position.

By assigning "0" or "1" to the lower bits in order to use the information dot 3 for error checking, the information dot 3 is arranged in the state where the information dot 3 is displayed on the medium surface. In the case where the information dot 3 having other data adjacent to the position where the data dot 3 is located is displaced, it is determined that the information dot 3 is not displayed at the proper position.

The direction of the said key dot 2 is set to the upper direction, the data defined by the information dot 3 of the direction is set to "0", and the said information dot 3 is arrange | positioned in arbitrary directions of 8 equal intervals. At the same time, by assigning "0" to the lower bit in order to perform an error check, the information dot 3 is displayed in the medium plane, except that the information dot 3 is in the upper and lower or left and right directions. When located in the inclined direction, it is determined that the information dot 3 is not displayed at the proper position.

The direction of the said key dot 2 is set to the upward direction, the data defined by the information dot 3 of the direction is made into "0", and the said information dot 3 is made into arbitrary directions of 8 directions at equal intervals. By assigning " 1 " to the lower bits for arranging and checking for errors, the information dot 3 is displayed on the medium surface. Or it is characterized by determining that the said information dot 3 is not displayed in a proper position when located in the left-right direction.

It is preferable to alternately assign "0" and "1" to the lower bits in order to confirm the error of the information dot 3 and to arrange all the information dots 3.

As a result, it is possible to check whether or not the information dot 3 of the dot pattern 1 is input out of the adjacent direction in accordance with a printing error on the medium surface, expansion or contraction of the medium, or an error in pixelation. In particular, when the information dot 3 is input out of the rotational direction on the concentric circle about the virtual point, the error can be confirmed 100%.

In order to encrypt the data Kn defined in the information dot In of the dot pattern 1 so that it cannot be read by eye, the operation represented by the function f is performed on the data Kn, and In = f (Kn) is a dot pattern. Expressed as (1), the dot pattern 1 is taken as image data through a camera and data Kn is obtained according to Kn = f ^-1 (In).

In order to remove the regularity of the dot pattern 1 and to prevent the data of the information dot 3 from being visually read, the difference between two adjacent information dots 3 is defined as data defined by the information dot 3. and,

The dot pattern 1 is produced | generated and arrange | positioned according to the information dot In calculated | required by adding the data Kn to define in the information dot Im of the adjacent previous column.

As a result, it is impossible to visually read the dot pattern 1 printed on the surface of the medium, thereby increasing safety. In addition, when the above-described dot pattern 1 is printed on the medium surface, the information dots 3 are randomly arranged so that the shape disappears and the dot pattern can be made inconspicuous.

In order to define an area without information in the dot pattern 1 or to not accept other data crossing the boundary at the boundary between the area and the area, the data is a dummy dot 5 in which no data is defined. The dot can be arrange | positioned at the center position of the grid dot 4 of this.

When the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through a camera, after calculating X and Y coordinate values at the position of the key dot 2 which is a representative point of information, the dot pattern obtained from the key dot 2 X, Y of the imaging center by complementing the coordinates from the increment of the X, Y coordinate values of the representative point adjacent to the direction of (1) and the distance from the imaging center to the key dot 2 where the X, Y coordinate values are calculated Calculate the coordinate value.

Information around the imaging center of the camera with respect to an area in which the same data is defined in each block or an area in which X and Y coordinate values are defined when each block of the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through a camera. By reading from the dot 3, the sequential information dot 3 is read, and the information dot 3 corresponding to one block is decoded to decode the dot pattern 1 from the imaging center of the camera to the minimum area. The data at the imaging center position is calculated.

If some error occurs in the information dot 3 when the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through a camera, the error is read by reading the nearest information dot 3 corresponding to the information dot 3. Correct it.

By dividing the block into sub-blocks and assigning independent information to each sub-block, the dot pattern 1 is decoded to an area smaller than the block unit in the imaging center of the camera, and an error is confirmed for each sub-block. And error correction.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a dot pattern of the present invention. 2 is an enlarged view showing an example of information dots of a dot pattern and bit display of data defined therein. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing information dots arranged around the key dots.

The information input / output method using the dot pattern of this invention consists of generation | occurrence | production of the dot pattern 1, identification of the dot pattern 1, and means for outputting information and program information to be executed in this dot pattern 1. That is, the dot pattern 1 is taken as image data through a camera, and first, the lattice dots are extracted, and then the key dots 2 which do not overlap at the position where the lattice dots should be originally extracted are extracted, and then the information dots ( 3) Extract and digitize, extract information area to digitize information, and output information and program information to be executed from this dot pattern 1 according to the numerical information. For example, the dot pattern 1 outputs information such as voice and program information to be executed to an information output device, a computer, a PDA or a mobile phone.

In the generation of the dot pattern 1 of the present invention, a fine dot, that is, a key dot 2, an information dot 3, and a lattice dot 4, is prescribed in order to recognize information such as voice according to a dot code generation algorithm. Arrange according to the rules. As shown in FIG. 1, the block of the dot pattern 1 which shows information arrange | positions 5x5 lattice dots 4 centering | focusing on the key dot 2, and is the virtual of the center surrounded by four lattice dots 4; The information dot 3 is arrange | positioned around a point. This block defines arbitrary numeric information. In the example of FIG. 1, four blocks of the dot pattern 1 are shown in parallel. The dot pattern 1 is, of course, not limited to four blocks.

One block can output one corresponding information or program information to be executed, and a plurality of blocks can output one corresponding information or program information to be executed.

When the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through the camera, the imaging, the elasticity of the paper surface, the bending of the surface of the medium, and the distortion during printing can be corrected due to the skew or tilt of the camera lens. Specifically, a complementary function (Xn, Yn) = f (X'n, Y'n) for converting the distorted four grid dots 4 into the original square is obtained, and the information function is complemented with the same function. To obtain an accurate vector of the information dot 3.

Placing the lattice dots 4 in the dot pattern 1 can compensate for the skew caused by the camera of the image data taken by the camera, so that the dot pattern is a low-end camera with a lens having a high distortion ratio. Even when taking the image data of (1), it can recognize correctly. Further, even when the camera is deciphered with respect to the surface of the dot pattern 1, the dot pattern 1 can be correctly recognized.

The key dot 2 is a dot which is arrange | positioned in the fixed direction away from the one grid dot 4 located in the substantially center position of the grid dot 4 arrange | positioned in rectangular shape as shown in FIG. This key dot 2 is a representative point of the dot pattern 1 of one block. For example, it is arrange | positioned 0.2 mm upwards from the grid dot 4 of the block center of the dot pattern 1 upward. When the information dot 3 shows X and Y coordinate values, the position which deviates 0.2 mm below the key dot 2 becomes a coordinate point. However, this value is not limited to this and may vary depending on the block size of the dot pattern 1.

The information dot 3 is a dot which recognizes various information. The information dot 3 is arranged around the key dot 2 as a representative point and at the end point represented by a vector representing the center point surrounded by four grid dots 4 as an imaginary point. do. For example, the information dot 3 is surrounded by a lattice dot 4, and as shown in Fig. 2, the dot 0.2 mm away from the imaginary point has a direction and a length represented by a vector, so that it is 45 degrees clockwise. When rotated and arranged in 8 directions, 3 bits can be represented. Therefore, 3 bits x 16 = 48 bits can be represented by one block of the dot patterns 1.

In the example of the drawings, three bits are represented by being arranged in eight directions, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and four bits may be represented by being arranged in sixteen directions and may be variously changed.

The dot thickness of the key dot 2, the information dot 3 or the lattice dot 4 is preferably about 0.1 mm in consideration of the accuracy of printing on appearance and geology, the resolution of the camera, and the optimum digitization.

In addition, in consideration of the necessary amount of information on the imaging area and the misunderstanding of various dots 2, 3, and 4, the interval between the grid dots 4 is preferably about 1 mm in width and length. The misalignment of the key dots 2 is preferably about 20% of the lattice spacing in consideration of misunderstandings with the lattice dots 4 and the information dots 3.

As for the space | interval between this information dot 3 and the virtual point enclosed by four grid dots 4, about 15-30% of the distance between adjacent virtual points is preferable. If the distance between the information dot 3 and the virtual point is farther than this distance, the dots are likely to be recognized as large chunks and are hardly seen as the dot pattern 1. On the contrary, when the distance between the information dot 3 and an imaginary point is closer than this space | interval, it is difficult to recognize it as the information dot 3 which has the vector directivity centering on arbitrary adjacent virtual points.

For example, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), the information dot 3 is 3 mm x 4 mm x 4 mm having a lattice spacing of 1 mm with I ₁ to I ₁₆ arranged clockwise about the key dot 2. 16 = 48 bits.

In addition, sub-blocks each having independent information contents and not affected by other information contents can be re-installed. Fig. 3 (b) illustrates this in the drawings, which are subblocks composed of four information dots [I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ], [I ₅ , I ₆ , I ₇ , I ₈ ], [ I ₉ , I ₁₀ , I ₁₁ , I ₁₂ ], [I ₁₃ , I ₁₄ , I ₁₅ , I ₁₆ ] each have independent data (3 bits x 4 = 12 bits). By providing the subblocks as described above, error checking, which will be described later, can be easily performed in units of subblocks.

The vector direction (rotation direction) of the information dot 3 is preferably set equally at intervals of 30 degrees to 90 degrees.

Fig. 4 is an example of display of bits of information dots and data defined therein, showing another form.

In the virtual point surrounded by the lattice dot 4 with respect to the information dot 3, four bits can be expressed when the vector direction is set to eight directions using two types of long and short. The longer side is preferably about 25 to 30% of the distance between adjacent virtual points, and the shorter side is about 15 to 20%. However, it is preferable that the center interval of the long and short information dot 3 is longer than the diameter of such a dot.

The information dot 3 surrounded by four grid dots 4 is preferably one dot in view of the apparent. However, when disregarding the appearance and increasing the amount of information, the information dot 3 is represented by a plurality of dots by allocating one bit for each vector, whereby a large amount of information can be obtained. For example, 2 ⁸ information can be represented by an information dot 3 surrounded by 4 grid dots 4 through a concentric 8-direction vector, and 2 ¹²⁸ information can be represented by 16 information dots of 1 block. have.

Fig. 5 is a bit display example of an information dot and data defined therein, (a) showing two dots, (b) four dots, and (c) five dots.

Fig. 6 shows a modification of the dot pattern, in which (a) is arranged 6 information dots, (b) is arranged 9 information dots, (c) is arranged 12 information dots, and (d) is information. It is a schematic diagram of a 36 dot arrangement.

The dot pattern 1 shown in FIG.1 and FIG.3 has shown the example which arrange | positioned 16 (4x4) information dots 3 to one block. However, the information dots 3 are not limited to 16 arranged in one block and can be variously changed. For example, six (2x3) information dots 3 are arranged in one block according to the size of the required information or the resolution of the camera (a), and nine information dots 3 are arranged in one block (3x3). ) (B), 12 (3x4) information dots 3 arranged in one block (c), or 36 (6x6) 36 information dots (3) arranged in one block (d) There is this.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a state in which information dots I ₁ to I ₁₆ are paralleled in order to explain a method of checking an error of information dots.

One of the above three bits of the information dot 3 has redundancy, and the upper bits of the data obtained from the information dot I _n and the lower bits of the data obtained from the information dot I _{n +1} are the same. If the upper bits of the data obtained from the information dot I _n of the information dot 3 displayed on the medium surface such as printed matter and the lower bits of the data obtained from the information dot I _{n +1} are not the same, then the information dot 3 becomes It is determined that it is not displayed at the proper position.

FIG. 7B is an explanatory view showing a state in which information dots I ₁ to I ₁₆ are paralleled to explain a method of checking an error in units of sub blocks.

The error checking method shown in FIG. 7 (b) has redundancy in one bit as in FIG. 7 (a), and is composed of four information dots 3 [I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ], [I ₅ , I ₆ , I ₇ , I ₈ ], [I ₉ , I ₁₀ , I ₁₁ , I ₁₂ ], [I ₁₃ , I ₁₄ , I ₁₅ , I ₁₆ ] each independent data (3 bits x 4 = 12 bit) is used to check for errors.

Therefore, the information dot 3 of the dot pattern 1 arrange | positions the information dot 3 which has another data adjacent by a printing error with respect to the medium surface, such as a printed matter, expansion and contraction of the medium surface, and the error at the time of pixelation. You can check the error 100% to see if it is input away from the location.

8 is a view for explaining a method of checking an error of an information dot by assigning "0" to a lower bit.

"0" or "1" is assigned to the lower bits of the information dot 3 and can be used for error checking. If the information dot 3 displayed on the medium surface is displayed at the position where the information dot having different data is arranged around the virtual point, it can be determined that the information dot 3 is not displayed at the proper position.

For example, the direction of the key dot 2 is set upward, the data defined by the information dot 3 in that direction is set to "0", and the information dot 3 is arranged in any of eight directions. "0" is allocated to the lower bits for use in error checking. That is, the information dot 3 which assigned "0" to the lower bit is always located in the up-down or left-right direction with respect to the virtual point. Therefore, when this information dot 3 is located in a diagonal direction, it can be determined that it is not displayed in a proper position.

9 is an explanatory diagram of a method of confirming an error of an information dot by assigning "1" to a lower bit.

The direction of the key dot 2 is set upward, the data defined in the information dot 3 in that direction is set to "0", and the information dot 3 is arranged in any direction in the eight directions, 1 "can be assigned and the error of the information dot 3 can be confirmed. That is, the information dot 3 which assigned "1" to the lower bit is always located in the diagonal direction about a virtual point. Therefore, when this information dot 3 is located in an up-down, left-right direction, it can be determined that it is not displayed in a suitable position.

10 is an explanatory diagram of a method of checking an error of an information dot by alternately assigning "0" and "1" to a lower bit.

It is also possible to check the error of the information dot 3 by arranging the information dot 3 to every corner and alternately assigning "0" and "1" to the lower bit in order to use for error confirmation. In this error checking method, information dots are generated alternately in the up-down, left-right, or 45-degree inclination directions, thereby eliminating regularity of the dot pattern. That is, the information dot 3 which alternately assigned "0" and "1" to the lower bit is always located in the up-down, left-right or 45-degree tilt direction around the virtual point. Therefore, when this information dot 3 is located in a direction other than the up-down, left-right, or 45-degree inclination direction, it determines with not being displayed in a proper position. In this way, it is possible to reliably confirm the error that the information dot 3 is input out of the rotation direction about the virtual point.

In addition, when the information dot 3 is made into eight directions (45 degree intervals) or long / short (refer FIG. 4), when the lower 1 bit of 4 bits is set to "0" or "1", three points (concentric circles ± 45) which are adjacent If it deviates from the dot position of two rotation points + one long side and one short side, it can be regarded as an error and 100% of an error can be confirmed.

11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which information dots I ₁ to I ₁₆ are paralleled in order to explain the safety of the information dots.

For example, in order to make the data of the dot pattern 1 unreadable, an operation expressed by the function f (Kn) is performed on In of the information dot 3, and In = Kn + Rn is expressed as a dot pattern ( Expressed as 1), after inputting the dot pattern In, Kn = In-Rn is obtained.

Here, In is a value read directly from the dot pattern, Rn is a random key value given in the security table, and Kn is a true data value. If a security table is formed and key values are registered in this way, data of a dot pattern can not be read by eye.

Alternatively, a plurality of information dots 3 are arranged in a row with the key dot 2 as a representative point so that the data of the dot pattern 1 cannot be read by eye, and the rows are arranged in a plurality of columns to form two adjacent rows. Assuming that the difference component of the corresponding data is the data of the information dot 3, each information dot 3 can be arrange | positioned so that the regularity of the dot pattern 1 of each block may disappear.

For example, assuming that Im and In are information dots, both information dots are adjacent in the left and right directions, and In is located to the right of Im, the true data value Kn is the difference between In and Im, that is, , Kn = In-Im, and In = Kn + Im.

For each information dot located in each column, the difference component with the adjacent information dot is obtained, and this is regarded as data of a dot pattern.

Using this difference method, a plurality of different dot patterns can be generated for one true data value.

For this reason, since the dot pattern 1 printed on the medium surface cannot be read by eye, safety can be improved. In addition, when the above-described dot pattern 1 is printed on the medium surface, the information dots 3 are randomly arranged so that the shape disappears and the dot pattern can be made inconspicuous.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of the dot pattern which changed the arrangement position of a key dot.

It is not necessary to arrange the key dot 2 in the block center of the grid dot 4 arrange | positioned in rectangular shape. For example, it can arrange | position in the corner of the block of the lattice dot 4. At this time, it is preferable to arrange | position the information dot 3 so that the key dot 2 may be parallel to a starting point.

Fig. 13 shows a dummy dot, where (a) is an explanatory diagram of the dummy dot, (b) is an example of the printed matter, (c) is an area of the printed matter, and (d) is a dummy dot to regulate the boundary of the mask. It is explanatory drawing which showed the example of arrangement | positioning the dot pattern.

A dot is placed at the center position of the four grid dots 4, and the dummy dot 5 is defined as a dot to which no information is given (Fig. 13 (a)). This dummy dot 5 can be used for the area | region where numerical data or X and Y coordinate values are defined, and the boundary of an area | region, or the area where numerical data or X and Y coordinate values are not defined.

For example, as shown in Fig. 13 (b), three types of patterns such as bear, hippopotamus, and sun are printed on the printed matter, and the mask 1 and mask 2 are shown in Fig. 13 (c) as the areas corresponding to these three figures. And mask 3 are arranged. As shown in Fig. 13D, the dummy dots 5 are arranged at the boundary between the mask 1 and the mask 2.

In addition, the whole block of the position corresponding to the case where the dummy dot 5 is used as a boundary does not need to be the dummy dot 5, and the minimum dot for showing a boundary may be a dummy dot.

In addition, a dummy dot may be disposed in an area other than the mask to provide an area in which information is not defined.

The dot pattern 1 obtained from the key dot 2 after calculating the X.Y coordinate value at the position of the key dot 2 which is a representative point of information when the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through a camera. The X and Y coordinate values of the imaging center are compensated by increasing the X and Y coordinate values at the representative point adjacent to the direction and the distance from the imaging center to the key dot 2 where the X and Y coordinate values are calculated. Calculate.

Alternatively, when the block of the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through the camera, the camera is positioned around the imaging center with respect to an area in which the same data is defined in each block or an area in which X and Y coordinate values are defined. The dot pattern 1 is read from the information dot 3, which is sequentially read, and the information dot 3 is read sequentially, and the information dot 3 corresponding to one block is decoded, so that the dot pattern 1 is moved to the minimum area from the image capturing center of the camera. Decode and calculate data for imaging center position.

14 (a) and 14 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing a method of reading a dot pattern and calculating X and Y coordinate values.

As shown in the figure, the X and Y coordinate values to be obtained are the X and Y coordinate values of the block at the imaging center of the camera. The X and Y coordinate values need to supplement the information dots input from other blocks if the increment is set to +1 in the X direction (right direction) and Y direction (upward direction) for each block. Also, K ₈ K ₇ K ₆ K ₅ (i ₁₆ i ₁₅ i ₁₄ i ₁₃ i ₁₂ i ₁₁ i ₁₀ i ₉ ) representing the X coordinate value and K ₄ K ₃ K ₂ K ₁ (i ₈ representing the Y coordinate value i ₇ i ₆ i ₅ i ₄ i ₃ i ₂ i ₁ ) is to be supplemented, and other K _{16 to} K ₉ (i _{32 to} i ₁₇ ) show the same value in any block and do not need to be supplemented.

Here, K is the true data value except for the error check bit among the information dots I shown in the figure. In the drawings, m denotes an identification number of a block composed of 4x4 information dots, and n denotes an identification number of information dots in the block.

This calculation is obtained according to the following equation (1). Even if the number of digits increases according to the calculation in [], it does not affect the previous bit string.

<Equation 1>

① When ₁₁ I ₁₁ is the starting point (camera center)

X coordinate = ₁₁ K ₈ · ₁₁ K ₇ · ₁₁ K ₆ · ₂₁ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · ₁₂ K ₂ · [ ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

② When ₁₁ I ₁₅ is the starting point (camera center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 12} K _{6 22} K ₅ -1

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · ₁₂ K ₂ · [ ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

③ When ₁₂ I ₃ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 12} K _{6 22} K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · ₁₂ K ₂ · [ ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

④ ₁₂ I ₇ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 12} K _{6 22} K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · ₁₂ K ₂ · [ ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

⑤ ₁₁ I ₁₂ is the starting point (camera center)

X coordinates = ₁₁ K ₈ · ₁₁ K ₇ · ₂₁ K ₆ · ₂₁ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · [ ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

⑥ When ₁₁ I ₁₆ is the starting point (camera center)

X coordinates = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 22} K _{6 22} K ₅ -1

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · [ ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

⑦ ₁₂ I ₄ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 22} K _{6 22} K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · [ ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

⑧ When ₁₂ I ₈ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K _{8 12} K _{7 22} K _{6 22} K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · ₁₂ K ₃ · [ ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1]

⑨ ₂₁ I ₉ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinates = ₁₁ K ₈ · ₂₁ K ₇ · ₂₁ K ₆ · ₂₁ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · [ ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1] -1

⑩ ₂₁ I ₁₃ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅ -1

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · [ ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1] -1

⑪ ₂₂ I ₁ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · [ ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1] -1

⑫ ₂₂ I ₅ is the starting point (camera center)

X coordinate = ₁₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₁₂ K ₄ · [ ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁ +1] -1

⑬ ₂₁ I ₁₀ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₂₁ K ₈ · ₂₁ K ₇ · ₂₁ K ₆ · ₂₁ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₂₂ K ₄ · ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁

⑭ ₂₁ I ₁₄ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₂₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅ -1

Y coordinate = ₂₂ K ₄ · ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁

⑮ ₂₂ I ₂ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₂₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₂₂ K ₄ · ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁

(16) When ₂₂ I ₆ is the starting point (camera imaging center)

X coordinate = ₂₂ K ₈ · ₂₂ K ₇ · ₂₂ K ₆ · ₂₂ K ₅

Y coordinate = ₂₂ K ₄ · ₂₂ K ₃ · ₂₂ K ₂ · ₂₂ K ₁

When an error occurs in the information dot 3 when the dot pattern 1 is received as image data through the camera, the information dot 3 closest to the information dot 3 is decoded, and the camera is corrected as the error is corrected. The dot pattern 1 can be decoded to a minimum area from the imaging center of the.

By using the information acquisition method described above, a tablet, a digitizer, and an input interface using XY coordinates can be realized. For example, in the case of realizing a tablet or a digitizer, the transparent sheet on which the dot pattern 1 is printed is overlaid on an object, photographed by a camera, and the XY coordinate value of the dot pattern 1 is input.

15 is an explanatory diagram showing a dot pattern generation method excluding regularity, showing an information block which is a dot pattern. Fig. 16 shows a dot pattern generation method excluding regularity, and is an explanatory diagram showing a data block recorded in a dot pattern.

First, as shown in FIG. 15, i _n means data of 1 bit, and r _n indicating correlation between bit data is i _2n. It is represented by x 2 + i _{2n -1} . Also, _α I _n, which is the value displayed on the information block. = _α r _n x 2 + 0, _α I ' _n = _α r _m Represented by x 2 + 1 and adds an error check bit. α is a numerical value representing parallelism of the blocks in the horizontal direction.

As shown in Fig. 16, Cn is data in which one bit is recorded.

Also, _α K _m, the value displayed on the data block, is C _2m. It is represented by x 2 + C _{2m -1} . α is a numerical value representing parallelism of the blocks in the horizontal direction.

An information block 3 called dot pattern 1 is generated according to the above definition by using _α r _m obtained from _α K _m through Equation 2 below. Thereby, the dot pattern 1 can exclude regularity with respect to a horizontal direction.

<Formula 2>

_α r ₁ = _α-1 r ₁₃ + _α K _{1 α} r ₅ = _α r ₁ + _α K _{5 α} r ₉ = _α r ₅ + _α K _{9 α} r ₁₃ = _α r ₉ + _α K ₁₃

_α r2 = _α-1 r ₁₄ + _α K _{2 α} r ₆ = _α r ₂ + _α K _{6 α} r ₁₀ = _α r ₆ + _α K _{10 α} r ₁₄ = _α r ₁₀ + _α K ₁₄

_α r3 = _α-1 r ₁₅ + _α K _{3 α} r ₇ = _α r ₃ + _α K _{7 α} r ₁₁ = _α r ₇ + _α K _{11 α} r ₁₅ = _α r ₁₁ + _α K ₁₅

_α r ₄ = _α-1 r ₁₆ + _α K _{4 α} r ₈ = _α r ₄ + _α K _{8 α} r ₁₂ = _α r ₈ + _α K _{12 α} r ₁₆ = _α r ₁₂ + _α K ₁₆

When α = 1, ₀ r ₁₃ , ₀ r ₁₄ , ₀ r ₁₅ and ₀ r ₁₆ are assigned as initial values. This is called _β R. β is a numerical value representing the parallel state of blocks. _{As β} R is given not by the same value but by the irregular sequence, the dot pattern is also excluded from the longitudinal direction.

17 to 23 are explanatory views illustrating a method of decoding a dot pattern corresponding to one block composed of sub blocks through a camera.

의 촬상범위가 필요하다. 이것을 해소하기 위하여 1블록을 구성하는 키 도트의 주변에 배치된 정보 도트 16개를 순차적으로 해독하는 것이 아니라 다른 정보 도트와 독립적인 정보를 갖는 4개의 정보 도트 마다(1/4 블록) 해독을 실시한다. 이에 따라 촬상 범위에서 벗어나 있는 1/4 블록의 정보 도트를 촬상 범위 안에 있는 다른 블록의 대응하는 정보 도트(1/4 블록)를 입력함으로써 1블록 분량의 정보를 촬상범위인 직경 10mm이내로 입력 가능하다.The cylinder for storing the camera is about 10 mm, and when the imaging range of the dot pattern is 10 mm in diameter, it is maximum to decode the block portions I _{1 to} I ₁₆ of the dot pattern 1 of 4 mm x 4 mm.

The imaging range is required. To solve this problem, instead of sequentially decoding 16 information dots arranged around the key dots constituting one block, decoding is performed for every four information dots (1/4 block) having information independent of other information dots. do. Accordingly, by inputting corresponding information dots (1/4 blocks) of other blocks within the imaging range by inputting information blocks of 1/4 blocks which are out of the imaging range, one block of information can be input within the imaging range of 10 mm in diameter. .

If an error occurs among all 1/4 blocks input according to the above method, the error is corrected by inputting corresponding information dots (1/4 blocks) of other blocks.

20 shows a case where the imaging center of the camera is I ₈ of the B1 block, and inputs [I _{1 to} I ₁₆ ] of the B1 block closest to the imaging center.

21 illustrates a case where the imaging center of the camera is I ₅ of the B1 block, and [I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ], [I ₅ . Enter I ₆ , I ₇ , I ₈ ] and [I ₉ , I ₁₀ , I ₁₁ , I ₁₂ ], [I ₁₃ , I ₁₄ , I ₁₅ , I ₁₆ ] of the B2 block.

22 illustrates a case where the imaging center of the camera is I ₆ of the B1 block, and [I ₅ . I ₆ , I ₇ , I ₈ ] and [I ₉ , I ₁₀ , I ₁₁ , I ₁₂ ] in B2 block, [I ₁₃ , I ₁₄ , I ₁₅ , I ₁₆ ] in B3 block, [I _{1 in} B4 block , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ].

FIG. 23 illustrates a case where the imaging center of the camera is I ₇ of the B1 block, and [I ₅ . I ₆ , I ₇ , I ₈ ], [I ₉ , I ₁₀ , I ₁₁ , I ₁₂ ] and [I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ], [I ₁₃ , I ₁₄ , I ₁₅ ] of blocks B4 , I ₁₆ ].

When an error occurs in the dot pattern input in Figs. 20 to 23, there are a maximum of eight dot patterns of 1/4 blocks that can be replaced.

The dot pattern 1 of the present invention as described above is printed on printed matter such as a picture book, text, and the like as image data through a camera, and digitalized to a computer, an information output device, a PDA or a mobile phone according to the numerical value obtained. Information corresponding to this and program information to be executed are output.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments of the invention, and by assigning different functions to each dot 2, 3, 4 of the dot pattern 1, a plurality of data are defined as a dot pattern, As soon as the information is quickly outputted, predetermined information or program information to be executed can be output and used in various ways, without being limited to the above-described form and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

As described above, in the information input / output method using the dot pattern of the present invention, the dot pattern is first recognized through a camera to extract the dot dot by recognizing the lattice dot, and the direction can be recognized as the parameter from the key dot. Next, by extracting the information dots arranged around the key dots, information or program information to be executed can be output quickly.

Also, since the lattice dots are arranged in the dot pattern, when the camera accepts the dot pattern as image data, the imaging caused by the distortion or inclination of the camera lens, the elasticity of the paper surface, the bending of the surface of the media, and the dots photographed crookedly during printing Distortion on the pattern can be corrected.

In addition, it is possible to confirm the error of the arrangement of the dots, and to further improve the safety.

Claims (1)

Arrange a plurality of grid dots 4 in a rectangular shape on a surface of a medium such as a printed matter to form a block, arrange the blocks regularly and continuously, and arrange one grid dot 4 within the block in a predetermined direction. The dot is referred to as a key dot (2), the key dot (2) as a representative point is disposed around the key dot (2) and surrounded by four grid dots (4) as a virtual point, A dot pattern 1 is generated by arranging a plurality of information dots 3 for recognizing various pieces of information at the end point represented by the vector as a starting point, according to a dot code generation algorithm, and generating a block that constitutes the dot pattern 1. In the information input / output method using a dot pattern which receives image data through a camera and digitizes it and outputs information according to a numerical value and program information to be executed. In order to eliminate the regularity of the dot pattern 1 and to make it impossible to read the data of the information dot (3) by eye, The difference component of Im and In which are two adjacent information dots 3 is prescribed | regulated by the data Kn defined by the information dot 3, An information input / output method using a dot pattern, characterized in that a dot pattern (1) is generated and arranged in accordance with an information dot In obtained by adding data Kn to be defined to the information dot Im of the preceding column.

Images