KR100586460B1 - Hybrid heat-pump system using solar-heat and air-heat - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat, by increasing the latent heat of evaporation using solar heat to reduce the initial facility investment cost of the solar heat collecting means and to increase the heating / hot water performance even in cold weather, and to heat normally even when the amount of sunshine is low. The purpose is to enable hot water operation.

The hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention includes a heat collector 110 for collecting solar heat, a heat storage tank 120 for storing heat collected by the heat collector, and a first evaporator for recovering heat from the heat storage tank. 130, a second evaporator 140 connected in parallel with the first evaporator to recover external air heat, a compressor 150 for compressing the heat exchange medium passing through the first and second evaporators at high temperature and high pressure, and the compressor It includes a condenser 160 for producing hot water by heat-exchanging the high temperature and high pressure heat exchange medium and cold water supplied from the water supply source and an expansion valve 170 for reducing the heat exchange medium passing through the condenser at low temperature and low pressure. According to the temperature of any one of the first and the second evaporator is configured to operate.

Heat Pump, Solar Heat, Air Heat, Hybrid, Heat Storage

Description

Hybrid heat-pump system using solar-heat and air-heat}             

1 is a block diagram of a hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid heat pump system using solar and air heat according to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

110: solar collector, 120: heat storage tank

130: first evaporator, 140: second evaporator

150: compressor, 160: condenser

170: expansion valve, 180: solenoid valve

The present invention relates to a hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat, and more particularly, to minimize energy size and increase energy efficiency, and to maximize the advantages of solar heat and air heat to correlate with climatic conditions. The present invention relates to a hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat that allow heating / hot water supply to be performed normally.

In general, as a method of obtaining thermal energy, combustible materials are burned or electric, chemical reactions and reactions are used, and the thermal energy obtained by the combustion, action and reaction is stored in a heat storage device or converted into a usable state. This is used as a means for cooling, heating or heating.

However, the method for obtaining thermal energy as described above requires the preparation of a combustible material that can be combusted and the combustion of the combustible material together with the necessity of an apparatus for combusting the combustible material due to the combustion of the combustible material. There is no need to worry about the harm caused by the production of environmental pollutants, and in fact, environmental pollution due to the combustion of the combustible substances has reached a serious state.

In addition, the method of acquiring thermal energy by electrical and chemical reactions produces significantly less pollutants than the method of combusting the combustible materials. However, the electrical and chemical methods require materials or devices for these reactions. Therefore, when a large amount of thermal energy is to be obtained, there is a closed end in which the volume of the device is enormous accordingly, and the device must have safety, so that the device for this has a drawback that is larger than the device for obtaining thermal energy. Compared with the heat obtained by not much, there is a problem in that a lot of difficulties in facility investment.

There is a heat pump that can solve the above problems.

The heat pump refers to a device capable of moving heat from a low temperature to a high temperature, the configuration and operation of the cycle is the same as a freezer, when the purpose of using low temperature heat is a freezer, In the case of using high temperature heat, it becomes a heat pump.

Heat pumps are classified into compression type, chemical formula, absorption type, and absorption type according to the principle of absorbing heat and dissipating heat. Among them, the type of heat pump is a compression type heat pump. For example, in the case of air conditioners for cooling purposes, the indoor heat exchanger installed in the room absorbs heat and radiates heat using the outdoor heat exchanger installed in the outdoors. The heat pump, on the contrary, absorbs heat from the outdoor heat exchanger. The heat is radiated using an indoor heat exchanger installed in the chamber.

The basic components of the heat pump cycle are divided into four parts: the low temperature heat exchanger, the evaporator, the compressor, the high temperature heat exchanger, the condenser, and the expansion valve. In addition, the low temperature low pressure wet steam heat medium absorbs the heat of evaporation from the surroundings as it is evaporated in the evaporator and is discharged into the low temperature low pressure dry saturated heat medium. The heat medium in the low temperature and low pressure dry saturated vapor state discharged from the evaporator is adiabatically compressed in the compressor and becomes a heat medium in the high temperature and high pressure superheated steam state and flows into the condenser. Then, the heat medium of the high temperature and high pressure superheated steam introduced into the condenser releases heat of condensation, and the heat medium of the saturated liquid state of the high temperature and high pressure flows into the expansion valve. In addition, the high temperature and high pressure saturated liquid state heats the adiabatic expansion in the expansion valve, and the low temperature and low pressure wet vapor state flows into the evaporator. In addition, the evaporator, which is a low temperature heat exchanger, is installed outdoors to absorb heat from the surroundings, and the high temperature condenser is installed indoors to release heat to the surroundings for use in heating.

However, in the case of the heat pump, a separate heat source and electric power are used, so that the system itself is not established in the absence of a heat source, and thus its utility is inferior. Low latent heat of evaporation has a disadvantage of poor heating performance.

On the other hand, as oil prices soared after the first oil shock in 1973, research on solar energy utilization technology as an alternative heat source centered on research institutes and universities since the mid-70s, and in recent years, the development of alternative energy technologies has been carried out in earnest. Solar water heaters are being spread by commercializing the technology, and the commercialization has been actively carried out mainly for home solar water heaters using flat solar collectors, and solar hot water supply systems such as golf courses, fish farms, bathhouses, and inns. It has been distributed in considerable quantities. However, the flat plate type heat collecting method has a low temperature of less than 60 ℃ generally difficult to use for heating has been used mainly for the production of hot water for hot water supply.

Solar heat has a great advantage in that it can obtain thermal energy without using a separate heat medium, but since it produces hot water below 60 ℃, it cannot be used for heating and is not practical for use as a hot water supply. I can't. Of course, the temperature of the water can be increased to 60 ° C or higher, but this requires an increase in the size of the solar heat collecting plate, which increases the initial installation cost and occupies a large area, and does not receive solar heat when the amount of sunshine is low, such as at night or in rainy weather. Since it does not produce hot water, it is built with facilities that use electricity.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, by increasing the latent heat of evaporator using the solar heat to increase the energy efficiency at a low equipment cost, and the solar heat to make the heating / hot water irrespective of climatic conditions such as the amount of sunshine An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid heater pump system using air heat.

Hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the production of hot water for heating / hot water using a heat pump cycle using a solar power that is non-powered resources and an external heat source (air, waste water, etc.) It is characterized in that the two cycles are selectively configured to operate the cycle using the solar heat, that is, at night, rainy weather, characterized in that configured to operate the cycle using a heat source such as air, waste water.

The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims are based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to explain the invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as meanings and concepts corresponding to

First, the description and drawings of the present invention have been described and schematically illustrated for the sake of convenience and a novel configuration for convenience of description, and components such as a pump and a flow meter are not mentioned or illustrated because they are not related to the gist of the present invention.

In the hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention, two cycles coexist, and one of them generates hot water (or cold / warm) even when the outside air temperature is low by increasing the latent heat of evaporation using solar heat. One cycle is to produce hot water using air heat.

At this time, in the case of cycle using solar heat, hot water of 60-70 ° C., which is a suitable temperature for heating and hot water supply, can be produced using only solar heat, but in order to produce hot water at this temperature, a component for supplying solar heat such as a solar collector and a heat storage tank is used. The cost of initial investment equipment is expensive because the size of is required to be large, and in the case of cycles using air heat, there is a disadvantage of low heating efficiency in the cold weather with low outside temperature. After producing low temperature water of about 30 ℃, by increasing the latent heat of evaporation through this low temperature water to produce hot water of about 60 ~ 70 ℃. On the other hand, since it is difficult to heat using solar heat at night, such as a small amount of sunshine, it is characterized in that the heat pump using the external air heat.

According to the present invention, the two cycles (solar cycle and outside air cycle) each have independent components (evaporator, compressor, condenser and expansion valve, etc.) and control only one of them manually or automatically. Regardless of the heat source (solar and air heat), compressors, condensers and expansion valves can be used in common, thus minimizing the size of the device by using them in common, connecting the first and second evaporators in parallel, Selectively opening and closing the circulation pipes of the first and second evaporators through a valve (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, in the hybrid heat pump system 100 using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention, a heat collector 110 for collecting solar heat and heat collected by the heat collector 110 are stored in heavy water temperature. Heat storage tank 120, the first evaporator 130 to recover heat from the heat medium of the heat storage tank 120 by heat exchange with heat of the heavy water temperature stored in the heat storage tank 120, the external air heat and the heat exchange medium flowing along A second evaporator 140 for recovering heat from the heat of the air by heat exchange, a compressor 150 for selectively compressing the heat exchange medium passing through the first and second evaporators 130 and 140 to a high temperature and high pressure, and the compressor 150. Both ends of the high temperature and high pressure heat exchange medium and the condenser 160 for producing hot water by heat-exchanging the cold water supplied from the water supply source, the outlet side of the condenser 160 and the inlet side of the first and second evaporators 130 and 140. Connected to the condenser 160 An expansion valve 170 for supplying vacuum to the exchange medium with low temperature and low pressure to the first or second evaporator (130 140) and; In addition, a controller (not shown) for connecting one of the first and second evaporators 130 and 140 to the compressor 150 and the expansion valve 170 to control a cycle using any one of solar heat and air heat is formed. It is composed.

That is, the solar collector 110, the heat storage tank 120, the first evaporator 130, the compressor 150, the condenser 160, and the expansion valve 170 constitute one cycle using solar heat, and the second evaporator ( 140)-compressor 150-condenser 160-expansion valve 170 constitutes another cycle using the outside air.

In addition, by selectively controlling the flow of the heat exchange medium in both directions to produce hot water through the condenser 160, in the summer season by changing the function of the condenser 160 and the evaporator 140, the solenoid valve (for cooling the room) 180 may be further included.

The heat collected by the solar heat collector 110 is heat-exchanged with the first heat exchange medium (eg, water), and the first heat exchange medium is connected to the heat storage tank 120 through the circulation pipe 111 to be stored in the heat storage tank 120. .

The heat storage tank 120 recovers heat from the first heat exchange medium heat-exchanged with the solar heat, and accumulates heat, for example, a tank in which water is stored therein, and a plate heat exchanger in which the first heat exchange medium and water stored in the tank heat exchange. Medium and hot water (20 ~ 30 ℃) stored in the tank and the tank may be made of a circulation tube to heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the first evaporator (130).

The solar collector 110, the heat storage tank 120, and the second evaporator 140 (shown as being installed with other components in the drawing for convenience) are installed outdoors, and other configurations are installed in the machine room.

The controller controls the cycle using solar heat or air heat to operate based on the temperature (or load rate (temperature) amount) of the hot water supplied to the hot water tank 1, and for this purpose, the temperature of the hot water passed through the condenser 160. It may be further provided with a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting. The manner of controlling the two cycles may be controlled manually by the operator as well as by automatic control by the controller.

That is, according to the hybrid heat pump system using the solar heat and air heat according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the heavy water temperature (20 ~ 30 ℃) is collected through the solar heat collector 110 and stored in the heat storage tank 120 The medium exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the first evaporator 130 for solar heat supply, and the heat is discharged. The heat exchange medium discharged from the first evaporator 130 passes through the condenser 160 via the compressor 150, 160 is exchanged with the cold water circulating outside the hot water is supplied to the first evaporator 130 (arrow A).

On the other hand, the outside air is exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the second evaporator 140 while passing through the second evaporator 140 to lose heat, the heat exchange medium discharged from the second evaporator 140 via the compressor 150 After passing through the condenser 160, the heat exchanger with the cold water circulating outside the condenser 160 supplies hot water and returns to the second evaporator 140.

The operation by the hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

The temperature sensor constantly checks the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water tank 1 (or water immediately after passing through the condenser 160) and inputs it to the controller. The controller compares the temperature of the hot water input from the temperature sensor with the reference temperature. When the temperature is below the temperature (60 ~ 70 ℃) suitable for heating and hot water supply, the air heat is converted into a heat source (or solar heat as a heat source) so that hot water at a proper temperature is always supplied using air heat or solar heat.

First, the action of the heat pump cycle by solar heat is as follows.

Solar heat is collected by the solar collector 110, and the first heat exchange medium flowing along the circulation pipe 111 recovers heat collected by the solar collector 110.

Subsequently, the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the water in the tank by the heat exchanger of the heat storage tank 120 so that the water stored in the heat storage tank 120 is maintained at a medium temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. Thereby, heat of medium temperature (20-30 degreeC) is accumulate | stored in a heat storage tank.

The heavy hot water regenerated at 20 to 30 ° C. by solar heat exchanges heat with the second heat exchange medium passing through the inside of the first evaporator 130 so that the temperature drops and the second heat exchange medium has low temperature and low pressure dry saturation steam. Change to state.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second heat exchange medium changed while passing through the first evaporator 130 is compressed through the circulation pipe 131 (the circulation pipe 141 on the air heat source side is closed when using a solar heat source). ) Is introduced into the condenser 160 after being compressed to high temperature and high pressure, and then heat exchanged with cold cold water passing through the outside of the condenser 160 to produce hot water as it rises to a high temperature.

The second heat exchange medium discharged from the condenser 160 is decompressed to low temperature and low pressure via the expansion valve 170, flows into the first evaporator 130, and heat exchanges with heat accumulated in the heat storage tank 120, as described above. , And flows into the compressor 150, and thus continuously recycles the first evaporator 130, the compressor 150, the condenser 160, and the expansion valve 170 (arrow A).

On the other hand, when there is not much sunshine from the sun, such as at night or in rainy weather, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is below the temperature (60 ~ 70 ℃) suitable for heating and hot water supply. Therefore, solar heat cannot be used as a heat source, so use air heat as a heat source. Controlled by the controller. That is, the controller closes the outlet side and the inlet side of the first evaporator 130 and simultaneously opens the outlet side and the inlet side of the second evaporator 140 to close the cycle of arrow A and open the cycle of arrow B. .

In this case, the outside air exchanges heat with the second heat exchange medium passing through the second evaporator 140 while passing through the second evaporator 140, thereby converting the second heat exchange medium into dry saturation steam at low temperature and low pressure.

The heat exchange medium passing through the second evaporator 140 is compressed to high temperature and high pressure through the compressor 150 and then flows into the condenser 160.

The high temperature heat exchange medium passing through the condenser 160 is heat-exchanged with cold cold water circulating outside the condenser 160 to produce hot water.

As such, when heat of medium temperature (20 to 30 ° C.) is accumulated in the heat storage tank 120 or the temperature of the outside air is so low that the hot water is 60 to 70 ° C. or less while the heat pump cycle using air heat is operating, the heat pump using solar heat is used. The cycle is controlled to run.

According to the present invention, by supplying hot water for heating / hot water supply using solar heat at normal times, and using air heat when solar heat is not available, the initial equipment investment cost according to the use of solar heat is reduced, regardless of the amount of sunshine Can supply hot water for hot water supply.

Since the present invention is characterized in that the cycle using the solar heat and the cycle using an external heat source is selectively operated, a cycle using waste water heat may be employed instead of a cycle using external air.

On the other hand, it has been described that the cycle using the solar heat and the cycle using the air heat are operated independently, but by controlling the flow of the heat exchange medium to the first and second evaporators (130,140), the first and second evaporators (130,140) It can be operated at the same time, it can also be used for indoor cooling by reversing the flow of the heat exchange medium through the solenoid valve 180 using the basic principle according to the present invention.

The hybrid heater pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention can be applied to a system for heating / heating / hot water supply such as for home use and a business, and, in addition, a heat pump using one or more wastewater heat and a heat pump using one or more air heat. It can also be constructed and used as a facility.

As described above, according to the hybrid heat pump system using solar heat and air heat according to the present invention, the solar heat is used as a heat source to produce hot water for heating / hot water supply, and in particular, suitable moderate temperature water that can be supplied by using solar heat. By producing high temperature water suitable for heating / hot water supply, energy efficiency is increased, especially when the outside air temperature is low, such as cold weather, heating efficiency can be increased, and the size of facilities for collecting solar heat is not required to be excessively increased. Initial investment costs can be reduced.

In addition, it is possible to minimize the power and reduce the failure rate by reducing the load rate by supplying hot water for heating / hot water using air heat (or waste water heat) only at night and in rainy weather when solar heat is used as a heat source in normal times. There is such an effect.

While the invention has been described and illustrated in connection with a preferred embodiment for illustrating the principles of the invention, the invention is not limited to the configuration and operation as such is shown and described. Rather, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications to the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, all such suitable changes and modifications and equivalents should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

delete delete A heat collector 110 for collecting solar heat, a heat storage tank 120 for storing heat collected by the heat collector at a medium temperature, and a first evaporator for recovering heat from the heat medium of the heat storage tank by heat-exchanging with heat of medium temperature stored in the heat storage tank ( 130, a compressor 150 for compressing the heat exchange medium passing through the first evaporator at high temperature and high pressure, and a condenser 160 for producing hot water by heat-exchanging the high temperature and high pressure heat exchange medium passing through the compressor and cold water supplied from a water supply source. And a cycle using solar heat, including an expansion valve 170 for decompressing the heat exchange medium passing through the condenser at low temperature and low pressure; And, The second evaporator 140 recovers heat from the external heat source by heat exchange between an external heat source (including external air and waste water) and a heat exchange medium flowing therein, and compresses the heat exchange medium passing through the second evaporator at high temperature and high pressure. Using a compressor, an external heat source consisting of a heat exchange medium of high temperature and high pressure passing through the compressor and a condenser for producing hot water by heat-exchanging the water supplied from the water supply source and an expansion valve for reducing the heat exchange medium passing through the condenser at low temperature and low pressure Cycles, The first and second evaporators are selectively connected to each other in parallel to the compressor and the expansion valve, and the compressor, the condenser and the expansion valve are in a hybrid heat pump system using shared solar and air heat. The heat storage tank includes a heat storage tank configured to store water therein and installed at the periphery of the first evaporator to exchange heat between the water and the heat exchange medium passing through the first evaporator, and a heat exchange medium heat exchanged with solar heat collected by the solar heat collector. And a plate heat exchanger for exchanging the water stored in the heat storage tank, so that the latent heat of evaporation of the first evaporator is increased.

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