KR100577323B1 - Device using low-temperature plasma for generating electrical power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-temperature plasma generator that converts thermal energy of plasma into electrical energy. The low temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention is fixed to the beamroot 10 by a main body 1 having a cathode 2 and an anode 4, a beamroot 10 in the form of a conical nozzle, and a screw 11. The first vacuum chamber 12, the turbine molecular pump 31 for maintaining the inside of the main body 1 in a vacuum state, and the first electrodes 14 and 15 forming a semi-conical tube located in the vacuum chamber 12. In addition, the semi-conical tube 15 includes a second electrode 16 installed inside the target 22 and a target 19 installed at the bottom of the case 22.

When the electron beam 34 is irradiated to the target 19 in the vacuum chamber 12, metal particles are vaporized in the surface layer of the target 19. The vaporized metal particles are in a plasma state of electrons and ions, and the electrons and ions are rotated mechanically at high speed. Electrons and ions rotated at high speed are separated into two groups by inherent mass differences, and kinetic energy is generated by mutual potential difference between the separated and collected electrons and ions, which are converted into direct current electricity.

Main body, vacuum chamber, beam root, first electrode, second electrode, target, turbine molecular pump, electron beam, rotary pedestal, target container.

Description

Low Temperature Plasma Generator {DEVICE USING LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER}

1 is a block diagram of a low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a photograph taken a state in which the plasma is separated into ions and electrons in the low-temperature plasma generator according to the present invention.

※ Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing

1 body 2 cathode 3 cathode electrode

4: anode 5: ring 6: magnetic lens

8: nut 9: bush 10: beam root

11 screw 12 vacuum chamber 13 hole

14, 15: first electrode 16: second electrode 17, 18: electric coil

19: target 20: target container 21: rotary base

22 case 23 an ionization gas supply 24 transformer

25, 26: cable 27, 29: switch 28: electricity consumption source

30, 32: conduit 31: turbine molecular pump 33: pre-vacuum pump

34: electron beam 35: plasma mass 36: plasma channel

The present invention relates to a power generation apparatus for producing electrical energy, and more particularly, to a power generation apparatus for converting thermal energy of plasma into electrical energy.

The world's humankind in the 21st century is faced with more serious challenges to human survival than ever before due to the rapidly increasing global population and global industrialization. In particular, since energy and environmental problems have already reached the level of danger, it is urgent to develop alternative energy that does not cause environmental problems. Developed to solve this problem is a power generation device that converts thermal energy of low-temperature plasma into electrical energy.

Plasma refers to a fourth state of matter in which gas molecules are separated into electrons and ions at very high temperatures. In other words, at a high temperature, a gas having a large kinetic energy is separated from an atom or a molecule by electron collision, and electrons and positive ions are mixed in a chaotic state. Gas in the plasma state is an electrically almost neutral state in which the number of negative and positive charges is distributed at about the same density.

When the electrons and ions have the same temperature, the electrons much lighter than the ions move much faster than the ions in thermal motion. In addition, strong vibrations may occur in the plasma, which is called plasma oscillation.

Plasma vibration is related to the quasi-neutral characteristics of plasma. If a slight charge imbalance occurs inside the plasma, an electric field is formed immediately, and electrons with greater mobility than ions receive a strong electric force. The electrons move to the ion region with a large acceleration, and the electrons do not stop immediately due to the large acceleration, and the ion region is excessive. Again, the electrons are attracted by the electric forces generated in the opposite direction and accelerated to maintain neutrality. This shows that the plasma has a high tendency to remain electrically neutral.

As described above, the operation principle of the power generation apparatus according to the present invention is to use the characteristics of the plasma having a large difference in mass between electrons and ions and having a strong property to maintain electrical neutrality.

Conventional power generation apparatus using a plasma is a magnetohydrodynamic conversion device that uses a magnetic field for plasma discharge to generate power. The conversion device includes a combustion device, and the gas generated by the combustion is ionized by forming an ion plasma. In order to increase the conductivity of the plasma, an ionizable material is added to the combustion device. The heated plasma travels up to several meters, where the internal energy of the plasma is converted into kinetic energy. When neutral plasma enters a strong magnetic field, the plasma particles are scattered in various directions under the influence of Lorentz force. When the internal electrode reaches the surface, the resistance of the internal space R causes electrons to move to another electrode in the outer chain of the discharge tube, and neutralization of the cation occurs at this electrode.

In the conventional magnetohydrodynamic conversion device as described above, the fossil fuels such as diesel, kerosene, and natural gas are used to form plasma in addition to an increase in manufacturing cost due to the use of insulation or coolant. This was a big problem.

An object of the present invention has been made to improve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the manufacturing cost is reduced by simplifying the structure of the power generation apparatus and the fuel cost can be reduced by using metal as the plasma forming material, as well as no pollution It is to provide a friendly power generation device.

A feature of the present invention is to convert the energy of the plasma into electrical energy by rapidly rotating the plasma so that the electrically neutral plasma has a different potential difference between electrons and ions.

In the low temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention, while it is confirmed that the low temperature plasma particles are maintained in a suspension state easily separated from electrons and ions inside the vacuum chamber during the development of a new welding technology in a low vacuum state, the physical state of the plasma is rotated at a high speed. It is induced to have different potential difference by separating into electron group and ion group to form a suitable condition.

Under vacuum conditions, energy is calculated by the following equation.

E = mc ²

Where m is mass and c is velocity. That is, to obtain more energy, there are two methods of increasing the mass of the plasma or increasing the rotational speed of the plasma. In general, it is much easier to increase the rotational speed than to increase the mass of the plasma. The low temperature plasma generator of the present invention also used this principle.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention.

The low temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention is fixed to the beamroot 10 by a main body 1 having a cathode 2 and an anode 4, a beamroot 10 in the form of a conical nozzle, and a screw 11. The first vacuum chamber 12, the turbine molecular pump 31 for maintaining the inside of the main body 1 in a vacuum state, and the first electrodes 14 and 15 forming a semi-conical tube located in the vacuum chamber 12. The first electrode 15 includes a second electrode 16 located inside the first electrode 15 and a target 19 positioned below the case 22.

The body 1 comprises a cathode 2, a cathode electrode 3, an anode 4 with a ring 5 and a magnetic lens 6. The lower end of the main body 1 is provided with a screw-screw coupling device to be fastened to the screw portion of the bush 9 fixed to the beam route 10. The beam route 10 has a screw, which is coupled to the nut 8 to enable vertical reciprocation in the vertical direction, and is fixed to the vacuum chamber 12 by the screw 11.

The vacuum chamber 12 is composed of tubular first electrodes 14, 15 connected to a plurality of holes 13 and very small support plates. The plurality of holes 13 of the vacuum chamber 12 are formed on the same surface, the size of each of the holes 13 are different, and the sum of the areas of the contact portions of the first electrode 14, 15 having a semi-conical tubular shape. Is less than or equal to the area of the circumference.

The second electrode 16 is disposed in the inner hollow of the first electrode 15. An electric coil 18 is wound around the outer wall of the first electrodes 14, 15, and an electric coil 17 is wound around the outer wall of the second electrode 16. A low temperature plasma mass 35 is formed inside the second electrode 16 to perform a rotational movement during operation of the power generator. In the center of the plasma mass 35, a plasma channel as a virtual passage through which plasma passes ( 36) is formed.

A target 19, which is a plasma forming material, is rotatably mounted below the first and second electrodes 14, 15, and 16 at an inner lower end of the case 22. The target 19 is preferably an AMg6 aluminum alloy. The target 19 is installed in the target container 20 rotatably installed on the rotary base 21 to rotate at a constant speed. The target container 20 serves as a container for holding the target 19 and may be made of a refractory material. On the rotary pedestal 21, a plurality of target containers can be installed as necessary.

In addition, an outside of the case 22 is connected to a power generation device through an ionization gas supplier 23 for injecting an ionization gas to facilitate plasma formation in the vacuum chamber 12 and a cable 25. An electricity consumer 28 that consumes the electricity produced by the transformer 24 and the generator is provided. The electricity consumption source 28 is connected to the power generation device via a cable 26 and a switch 27, and the first and second electrodes 14, 15; 16 and a coil 17 through a switch 29. ) To form a circuit.

The conduit 30 is connected to the case 22 and serves as a passage that forms a channel with an inner hole of the main body 1. The conduit 30 is connected to a turbine molecular pump 31 for pumping the internal hole of the main body 1 in a vacuum state. The other conduit 32 is connected to the prevacuum pump 33.

Hereinafter, the operation principle of the low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail.

The turbine molecular pump 31 and the prevacuum pump 33 are operated by applying power to the low temperature plasma generator of the present invention to maintain the inside of the generator in a vacuum state. When power is applied, the electron beam 34 is emitted from the main body 1 having the cathode 2 and the anode 4. The radiated electron beam 34 is guided by the bush 9 and the beam route 10 to impinge on the target 19 via the vacuum chamber 12. As the beam bundle 34 and the target 19 collide with each other, an exothermic reaction occurs and the surface layer of the target 19 is vaporized. At this time, the target 19 has a speed of 10-50m per hour in order to prevent the electron beam 34 from colliding only a specific portion and the surface layer of the target 19 is unevenly vaporized, which in turn adversely affects plasma formation. Rotate to

Due to vaporization of the surface layer of the target 19, a secondary electron beam composed of charged particles is formed to ionize the residual gas in the power generation device to promote the formation of low temperature plasma. Since this secondary electron beam is a continuous flow of electrons, this electron beam forms a magnetic field. Therefore, the generated plasma particles are automatically rotated by the magnetic field generated by the electron beam, and are separated into ions and electrons because they are accelerated by the forces acting between the charged particles constituting the plasma. Conditions that are likely to be formed are formed.
In other words, the movement of the plasma particles in the surface layer of the target 19 is in the chaos (chaos) motion close to the Brownian motion, when the electrons and ions switch from linear to rotational motion numerous times between the electrons and ions Many collisions occur and the rotational speed increases, and since the mass of the electron group is about 10,000 times smaller than the mass of the ion group, the plasma is separated into the electron group and the ion group.
The plasma separated by electrons and ions by the above phenomenon is well illustrated in FIG. 2. A potential difference is generated between the two groups separated in this way, and the electrons and ions are separated and collected by the first electrodes 14 and 15 and the second electrode 16 installed in the vacuum chamber 12, respectively.
That is, when the plasma particles rotate, the rotation radius is different due to the mass difference between the positive and negative particles, i.e., electrons and ions. Will eventually produce power.
The electric power produced in this way is connected to the load by installing a lead wire (or cable 25) at the two electrodes (14, 15: 16) to form a passage for the current, so that the power can be used externally.

According to the experimental results of the low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention, about 1 kW of power is required for the radiation of the electron beam, and about 5 kW of power is required when the power of the rotary table takes about 1-1.5 kW. The output was confirmed. At this time, since energy is emitted from the target, the law of energy conservation is maintained. In addition, since the power required for the operation of the vacuum pump is constant as the constant (C), the amount of generated current increases because the value of the output current increases as the input current required for the emission of the electron beam increases. The current generated in the low temperature plasma power generation apparatus according to the present invention increases until the technical parameters are stable, and the voltage also increases until it is stable. The operating time of the low temperature plasma power generator of the present invention is determined according to the replacement time of the target and the cathode, and the low temperature plasma mass is continuously maintained while the power generator of the present invention is operated.

As described above, the power generation device of the present invention can be used as a next-generation energy source by simplifying the structure to reduce the manufacturing cost and to reduce the fuel cost by using the metal as the plasma forming material, and to be environmentally friendly because there is no pollution. . In addition, the output current is increased only by the increase of the input current to increase the amount of power generation, it is easier to operate the generator.

Claims (13)

In the power generation device for converting the thermal energy of the plasma into electrical energy, A main body (1) provided with a screw-screw coupling device at the bottom and having a cathode (2) and an anode (4); Beam root 10 of the cone-shaped nozzle having a bush (9) formed with a screw on one side; A vacuum chamber 12 fixed to the beamroot 10 by screws 11; A turbine molecular pump 31 which maintains the inside of the main body 1 in a vacuum state; First electrodes (14, 15) forming a semi-conical tube located in the vacuum chamber (12); A second electrode 16 provided inside the first electrode 15; And Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus comprising a target 19 installed at the bottom of the case (22). The method of claim 1, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that the screw-screw coupling device provided at the lower end of the main body (1) and the screw portion of the bush (9) fixed to the beam root (10) are fastened to each other. The method of claim 1, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that the screw provided in the bush (9) of the beam root (10) is coupled to the nut (8) up and down reciprocating movement in the vertical direction. The method of claim 1, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that the vacuum chamber 12 is formed with a plurality of holes (13). The method of claim 4, wherein The plurality of holes 13 are formed on the same surface and have different sizes, and the sum of the areas is less than or equal to the area of the circumference of the contact portion of the first electrodes 14 and 15. Power generation device. The method of claim 1, An electric coil (18) is wound around an outer wall of the first electrode (14, 15), and an electric coil (17) is wound around an outer wall of the second electrode (16). The method according to claim 1 or 6, The second electrode (16) is a low-temperature plasma generator, characterized in that for collecting the electrons and ions of the low-temperature plasma mass (35) generated therein. The method of claim 1, The target 19 is a low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that the plasma forming material can be produced in AMg6 aluminum alloy. The method according to claim 1 or 8, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that the target 19 is installed and can be made of a refractory material, further comprises a target container (20) rotatably installed on the rotary base (21). The method of claim 9, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that a plurality of target containers can be installed on the rotary pedestal 21 as needed. The method of claim 9, The target (19) is a low-temperature plasma power generation apparatus, characterized in that rotatable at a predetermined speed by the rotation of the rotary base (21) so that the surface layer does not vaporize unevenly due to the collision with the electron beam (34). The method of claim 1, Low temperature plasma power generation apparatus characterized in that it further comprises an ionization gas supply (23) for injecting an ionization gas in the vacuum chamber (12) to facilitate the formation of a plasma outside the case (22). The method of claim 1, Low temperature plasma generator, characterized in that it further comprises a pre-vacuum pump (33) for maintaining the inside of the generator in a vacuum state outside the case (22).

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