KR100572223B1 - Sealed battery - Google Patents

Sealed battery Download PDF

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KR100572223B1
KR100572223B1 KR1020007004452A KR20007004452A KR100572223B1 KR 100572223 B1 KR100572223 B1 KR 100572223B1 KR 1020007004452 A KR1020007004452 A KR 1020007004452A KR 20007004452 A KR20007004452 A KR 20007004452A KR 100572223 B1 KR100572223 B1 KR 100572223B1
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negative electrode
electrode plate
battery
hydrogen
sealed
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KR1020007004452A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20010031423A (en
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오무라히토시
야마네케이지
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도요 고한 가부시키가이샤
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/286—Cells or batteries with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
    • H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

본 발명은 밀폐형 축전지의 방전, 충전효율을 향상시키는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이것을 위해 본 발명에서는 양극판(12a), 음극판(12c) 및 세퍼레이터(12b)로 구성되는 전극체(12)를 밀봉해서 이루어진 밀폐형 축전지에 있어서, 음극판(12c)의 최외주층 전면에 작은 관통구멍(7)을 형성시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to improve discharge and charging efficiency of a sealed storage battery. To this end, in the present invention, in the sealed storage battery formed by sealing the electrode body 12 composed of the positive electrode plate 12a, the negative electrode plate 12c, and the separator 12b, a small through hole (in the front of the outermost peripheral layer of the negative electrode plate 12c) And 7).

Description

밀폐형 축전지{ENCLOSED CELL}Sealed Storage Battery {ENCLOSED CELL}

본 발명은 전지의 내부화학반응의 기능향상을 가능하게 하는 밀폐형 축전지에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a sealed storage battery that enables the improvement of the internal chemical reaction of the battery.

최근에는 소형화, 고성능화된 전자기기의 요구에 따라 고에너지밀도를 가지는 카드뮴 또는 알카리금속을 이용하는 완전밀폐구조의 전지의 사용이 일반적으로 되어지고 있다.Recently, the use of a fully sealed battery using cadmium or alkali metal having a high energy density in accordance with the demand of miniaturized and high-performance electronic devices has become common.

그러나, 더욱 고에너지밀도가 요구되고, 새로운 2차전지로서 양극에 니켈수산화물을, 음극에 활물질인 수소를 전기화학적으로 흡장(吸藏), 방출할 수 있는 수소 흡장 합금을 사용하는 전지가 실용화되어 왔다.However, a higher energy density is required, and a battery using a hydrogen storage alloy capable of electrochemically absorbing and releasing nickel hydroxide at the positive electrode and hydrogen as an active material at the negative electrode is used as a new secondary battery. come.

원통 밀폐형 니켈-수소 축전지는 니켈 양극판과 작은 관통구멍을 가지는 집전판(수소 흡장 합금 음극판)을 세퍼레이터를 사이에 끼워 나선형으로 감아 금속제 케이스에 삽입한 구조를 가지고 있다.The cylindrical sealed nickel-metal hydride battery has a structure in which a nickel positive electrode plate and a current collector plate (hydrogen occluded alloy negative electrode plate) having a small through hole are spirally wound between the separators and inserted into a metal case.

양극 집전은 양극판에서 집전탭을 빼서 양극단자인 밀봉판에 저항용접시키고, 음극 집전은 전극군의 최외주부의 음극면을 케이스 내측면과 접촉시키거나, 또는 양극 집전과 동일한 탭방식에 의해 행하고 있다.The positive electrode current collector removes the current collector tab from the positive electrode plate and performs resistance welding on the sealing plate serving as the positive electrode terminal. The negative electrode current collector is brought into contact with the inner surface of the case of the outermost peripheral part of the electrode group by the same tap method as the positive electrode current collector.

그러나, 전극군의 최외주부의 음극면은 케이스 내측면과 접촉시켜 집전시키 는 것만으로는 면적이 넓을 뿐이지 기능적이지 않다.However, the negative electrode surface of the outermost circumference of the electrode group is only large in area and is not functional just by being brought into contact with the inner surface of the case.

또, 밀폐형인 것만으로 충방전시에 수소의 주고받음을 효율적으로 행하기 위해 수소 흡장 합금 음극판을 유효하게 활용할 필요가 있었다.In addition, it was necessary to effectively utilize the hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode plate in order to efficiently transmit and receive hydrogen during charge and discharge only by being hermetically sealed.

본 발명은 상기 종래기술의 결점을 해결하기 위해, 특히 충전시에 있어서 안정적으로 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 최외주부에 수소를 흡장시키는 것이 가능하고, 또한 그 제조가 용이한 수소 흡장 합금 음극판을 구비한 밀폐형 축전지를 제공하는 것을 기술적 과제로 한다. MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM In order to solve the said drawback of the said prior art, it is possible to occlude hydrogen in the outermost part of a hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode stably especially at the time of filling, and also it is a sealed type provided with the hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode plate which is easy to manufacture. It is a technical problem to provide a storage battery.

이들 과제를 해결하기 위해, 본 발명은 양극, 음극 및 세퍼레이터로 구성된 전극체가 전해액과 함께 전지 외장캔 내부에 수납되고, 상기 외장캔 개구부의 내주에 삽입되어 지지된 밀봉체에 의해, 상기 외장캔 개구부가 폐쇄되어 이루어진 밀폐형 축전지에 있어서, 상기 수소 흡장 합금 음극판이 최외주부의 일층에 작은 관통구멍을 가지도록 구성되고, 전지의 충방전시에 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 최외주부 표면도 유효하게 활용하도록 했다.In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides the outer can opening part by an encapsulation body in which an electrode body composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator is housed together with an electrolyte and inserted into and supported by an inner circumference of the outer can opening part. In the sealed storage battery in which is closed, the hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode plate is configured to have a small through hole in one layer of the outermost periphery, and the outermost peripheral surface of the hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode plate is effectively utilized during charging and discharging of the battery.

본 발명의 구성에 의하면, 충방전 등에 의해 발생한 수소는, 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 최외주부의 일층에 전면에 걸쳐 보유하는 작은 관통구멍을 통과해서, 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 최외주부표면에서 흡착, 방출되고, 밀폐형 축전지의 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 최외주부 표면을 유효하게 활용하는 것이 가능하게 된다.According to the constitution of the present invention, hydrogen generated by charging and discharging passes through a small through hole held in the outermost circumference of the hydrogen absorbing alloy negative electrode plate over the entire surface, and is adsorbed and released on the outermost peripheral surface of the hydrogen absorbing alloy negative electrode plate. The outermost peripheral surface of the hydrogen storage alloy negative electrode plate of the sealed battery can be utilized effectively.

도 1은 본 발명의 밀폐형 축전지의 내부구조를 나타내는 일부 종단면 사시도 이다.1 is a partial longitudinal sectional perspective view showing the internal structure of the sealed storage battery of the present invention.

도 2는 밀폐형 축전지의 전극군의 종단면도이다. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electrode group of a sealed storage battery.

도 3은 밀폐형 축전지의 전극 음극판의 평면도이다.3 is a plan view of an electrode negative plate of a sealed storage battery.

도 4는 밀폐형 축전지의 전극 음극판 최외주부A-A'단면도이다. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the outermost peripheral portion A-A 'of an electrode negative electrode plate of a sealed battery.

(부호의 설명)(Explanation of the sign)

1…캡 2…밀봉판One… Cap 2.. Sealing plate

3…안전밸브 4…절연재3... Safety valve 4.. Insulation material

5…절연가스킷 6…양극 집전체5... Insulating gasket 6. Anode current collector

7…작은 관통구멍 10…케이스7... Small through-hole 10... case

12a…양극판 12b…세퍼레이터12a... Positive electrode plate 12b. Separator

12c…음극판 12cs…음극판 최외주부12c... Negative plate 12cs... Negative plate outermost part

이하, 본 발명의 실시형태 및 실시예를 도면을 참조하면서 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment and Example of this invention are described, referring drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 완전밀폐형 축전지에 있어서의 내부구조 사시도이고, 도 2는 그 종단면 부분 동작설명도이고, 도 3은 수소 흡장 합금 음극판의 전개평면도이고, 도 4는 그 A-A'단면도이다.1 is a perspective view of the internal structure of a fully sealed storage battery according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a longitudinal cross-sectional part thereof, FIG. 3 is a developed plan view of a hydrogen absorbing alloy negative electrode plate, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A '. .

도 1에 있어서, 음극단자를 겸한 바닥을 보유한 원통형 외장캔(10)안에는, 전해액속에서 외부와 차단된 전극체(12)가 수납되어 있다. 상기 전극체(12)는 니켈로 이루어진 양극판(12a)과, 이 양극판(12a)에 세퍼레이터(12b)를 사이에 두고 대향해서 설치된 음극판(12c)의 적층물을 나선형으로 감은 구성으로 되어 있다. In Fig. 1, in the cylindrical outer can 10 having a bottom serving as the negative electrode terminal, an electrode body 12 cut off from the outside in the electrolyte is accommodated. The electrode body 12 is configured to spirally wrap a laminate of a positive electrode plate 12a made of nickel and a negative electrode plate 12c provided to face the separator 12b with the positive electrode plate 12a interposed therebetween.                 

외장캔(10)의 상부 개구부에 있어서는, 재복귀가 가능한 안전밸브(3)를 구비한 밀봉판(2) 및 캡(1)이 절연 가스킷(5)을 사이에 끼워 케이스(10)에 코킹처리되어 밀폐되어 있다.In the upper opening of the outer can 10, a sealing plate 2 having a safety valve 3 capable of resetting and a cap 1 are caulked to the case 10 with an insulating gasket 5 interposed therebetween. It is sealed.

양극의 집전은 양극판(12a)에서 집전탭(6)을 빼내고, 양극단자인 캡 및 밀봉판(2)에 저항 용접해서 행해지고 있다. 음극의 집전은 음극판(12c)의 최외주부(12cs)의 외주면을 케이스(10)의 내면과 접촉시켜 행해지고 있다.The current collecting of the positive electrode is performed by removing the current collecting tab 6 from the positive electrode plate 12a and resistance welding the cap and sealing plate 2 which are the positive electrode terminals. The current collector of the negative electrode is performed by bringing the outer peripheral surface of the outermost peripheral portion 12cs of the negative electrode plate 12c into contact with the inner surface of the case 10.

니켈-수소 축전지의 기전반응은 일반적으로 다음 식으로 나타낸다.The mechanism reaction of nickel-hydrogen storage batteries is generally represented by the following equation.

방전→                           Discharge →

NiOOH+MHab←→Ni(OH)2+MNiOOH + MHab ← → Ni (OH) 2 + M

←충전                           ← Charging

여기에서, M은 수소 흡장 합금, Hab는 합금중에 흡장된 수소를 의미한다. 니켈-수소 축전지에서는, 충전시에는 물의 H+이온이 환원되어 음극의 수소 흡장 합금에 수소가 흡장된다. 방전시에는 그 반대로 이동하는 것만으로 전해액량이나 그 농도의 증감을 동반하지 않는다. 전해액속의 OH-는 양극과 음극의 반응에 관여하지만, 전지반응으로서는 OH-의 증감은 없다.Here, M means a hydrogen occlusion alloy, and Hab means hydrogen occluded in the alloy. In a nickel-hydrogen storage battery, H + ions of water are reduced during charging, so that hydrogen is occluded in the hydrogen storage alloy of the negative electrode. At the time of discharging, the reverse movement is not accompanied by an increase or decrease in the amount of electrolyte or its concentration. OH − in the electrolyte is involved in the reaction between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but there is no increase or decrease of OH − in the battery reaction.

통상의 구성에 의하면, 완전밀폐형 축전지에 있어서는, 충전시에는 H+이온이 환원되어 음극(12c)에 흡착된다. 전지사용시 즉 방전시에는 수소가 음극(12c)에서 방출되어 OH-이온과 반응해서 물로 된다. According to the conventional configuration, in a fully sealed storage battery, H + ions are reduced and adsorbed to the negative electrode 12c during charging. When the battery is used, that is, during discharge, hydrogen is released from the cathode 12c to react with OH − ions to form water.

도 1에 나타내듯이, 전극체(12)는 양극판(12a)과, 이 양극판(12a)에 세퍼레이터(12b)를 사이에 끼워 대향해서 설치된 음극판(12c)의 적층물을 나선형으로 감은 구성으로 되어 있으므로, 음극판(12c)의 최외주부(12cs)의 면적이 각 층의 면적에 비해 가장 넓고, 케이스(10)의 내면에 접촉할 뿐으로 전혀 활용되지 않았다.As shown in FIG. 1, since the electrode body 12 is the structure which wound the laminated body of the positive electrode plate 12a and the negative electrode plate 12c provided so that the separator 12b could be interposed between this positive electrode plate 12a, and was formed. The area of the outermost periphery 12cs of the negative electrode plate 12c was the largest in comparison with the area of each layer, and was not utilized at all only in contact with the inner surface of the case 10.

그래서, 본 발명에서 있어서는, 음극체 최외주층(12cs)의 전면에 걸쳐 작은 관통구멍(7)이 설치되어 있다(도 2∼도 4). 이 관통구멍의 형성에 의해, 충전시에는 양극(12a)에서 방출된 수소가 세퍼레이터(12b)를 통과하여 작은 관통구멍(7)을 경유해서 음극체 최외주층(12cs)의 표면에 도달해서 흡착될 수 있다. 또, 방전시에는 음극체 최외주층(12cs)의 표면에서 방출된 수소가 작은 관통구멍(7)을 경유해서 세퍼레이터(12b)를 통과해서 양극(12a)에 도달하여 흡착될 수 있다.Therefore, in the present invention, a small through hole 7 is provided over the entire surface of the cathode outermost circumferential layer 12cs (FIGS. 2 to 4). By the formation of this through hole, during discharge, hydrogen discharged from the anode 12a passes through the separator 12b and reaches the surface of the outermost peripheral layer 12cs of the cathode body via the small through hole 7 to be adsorbed. Can be. At the time of discharge, hydrogen released from the surface of the outermost peripheral layer 12cs of the cathode body can pass through the separator 12b and reach the anode 12a via the small through-hole 7 to be adsorbed.

따라서, 방전, 충전 등에 의해 전지내부에서 발생한 수소를, 작은 관통구멍을 통과시켜 음극체 최외주층면을 유효하게 활용해서 흡장·방출시키는 것이 가능하게 된다. Therefore, hydrogen generated in the battery due to discharge, charge, or the like can be passed through a small through hole to effectively occlude and release the outermost peripheral layer surface of the negative electrode body.

이상과 같이, 본 발명의 음극체 최외주층 전면에 작은 관통구멍을 설치함으로써, 방전, 충전 등에 의해 전지내부에서 발생한 수소를, 작은 관통구멍을 통과시켜 음극체 최외주층 표면을 유효하게 활용해서 흡장·방출시키는 것이 가능하게 된다.As described above, by providing a small through hole in the front surface of the outermost peripheral layer of the negative electrode body of the present invention, hydrogen generated in the battery due to discharge or charging is passed through the small through hole to effectively utilize the surface of the outermost peripheral layer of the negative electrode body. It becomes possible to occlude and discharge.

Claims (2)

양극, 금속수소화물 또는 수소 흡장 합금으로 이루어진 음극 및 세퍼레이터로 구성된 전극체가 전해액과 함께 전지 외장캔 내에 수납되고, 상기 외장캔 개구부가 밀봉체에 의해 폐쇄되어 이루어진 밀폐형 축전지에 있어서, 상기 음극체의 최외주층 이외의 부분이 작은 관통구멍을 보유하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통밀폐형 니켈 수소 축전지.In a sealed storage battery in which an electrode body composed of a cathode, a metal hydride, or a hydrogen absorbing alloy and a separator are housed together with an electrolyte in the battery outer can, and the outer can opening is closed by a sealing body. A cylindrically sealed nickel hydride battery, wherein portions other than the outer circumferential layer do not have small through holes. 삭제delete
KR1020007004452A 1997-10-30 1998-10-28 Sealed battery KR100572223B1 (en)

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JP97-314365 1997-10-30
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PCT/JP1998/004867 WO1999023713A1 (en) 1997-10-30 1998-10-28 Enclosed cell

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KR100398173B1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2003-09-19 주식회사 엘지화학 Punched electrode and rechargeable lithium battery using the same
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JPS5935371A (en) * 1982-08-20 1984-02-27 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Retainer-type lead storage battery

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JPS5935371A (en) * 1982-08-20 1984-02-27 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Retainer-type lead storage battery

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