KR100566500B1 - Braking force and pressure measuring equipment of disk brake system for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a braking force measuring device, the object of which is to be able to directly measure the braking performance for the mechanical braking device such as disk, tread, wheel disk braking.

According to the braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring device by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention, in the measuring device for measuring the braking force by the compressed air flows out of the braking cylinder to the braking cylinder to operate the brake link mechanism, The brake link mechanism is linked with the brake cylinder to be linked to the operation, a brake lever provided with a sensing means for measuring the pressure buoyancy generated during braking on a horizontal plane extending in the longitudinal direction, and is linked to the brake lever. A brake pad holder hanger interlocked with a pad mounted to one side thereof and provided with a sensing means for measuring a pressing force generated when braking to a portion connected to the brake lever, and the brake lever and the brake pad holder hanger. It is a pressure buoyancy measuring means that can receive the pressure buoyancy signal generated from the sensing means and then process and read directly.

Pressing force, braking force, disc, pad, braking link mechanism

Description

Braking force and pressure measuring equipment of disk brake system for railway vehicle             

1 shows a braking action diagram for supplying compressed air for braking a disk of a railway vehicle.

Figure 2a, 2b shows a braking device and a brake link mechanism mounted to the braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring device by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention.

3A and 3B are front and plan views of a braking lever equipped with a sensing means for detecting a braking force and a pressure buoyancy caused by disk braking of a railroad vehicle according to the present invention.

4A and 4B are front and partial cross-sectional views of a brake pad holder hanger equipped with sensing means for detecting braking force and pressure buoyancy caused by disk braking of a railway vehicle according to the present invention.

 Figure 5 shows a strain gage connection diagram of a full bridge method applied to the present invention.

6 is a block diagram and operation of the pressure buoyancy measuring means mounted on the braking force and the pressure buoyancy measuring device by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention can be processed directly after receiving the pressure buoyancy signal generated from the sensing means A flow chart is shown.

7 is a graphic representation of a conventional braking performance in which the pressing force and the braking force are blended.

8A and 8B are graphic representations of the braking force and the braking force measured by the braking force and the pressure buoyancy measuring device by the disk braking of the railway vehicle according to the present invention.

* Description of symbols on the main parts of the drawings *

1: auxiliary air cylinder 2: braking tube
3: braking cylinder 4: balancing piston
5: pad 6: axle
7: disc 10: brake linkage
12: sensing means 14: braking lever
14a: fixing hole 16: brake pad holder hanger

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20: pressure buoyancy measuring means 22: gauge bridge

24: Amplifier 26: A / D Converter

29: expansion memory section 30: PC

The present invention relates to a braking force measuring device of a railway vehicle, and more particularly to a braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring apparatus by the disk braking of the braking apparatus of the railway vehicle.

In general, rolling stock must be driven at a planned speed. Therefore, the necessity of restraining or decelerating the speed as needed arises, and it is necessary to be able to make a quick and safe stop in a fixed position or in an emergency. A system installed for this purpose is a braking device.

Such a braking device converts the kinetic energy of the railway vehicle into other forms of energy.

In particular, the braking performance of the braking device that stops the running train is a very important technology compared to other performances, and it is a matter that must be examined to secure the necessary braking distance.

Therefore, it is natural to secure sufficient braking force during braking of a running train, and it is necessary to measure braking performance in a real situation in order to secure sufficient braking force.

The braking of railroad cars uses both electric braking and mechanical braking, especially electric braking when driving at high speeds, and mechanical braking when driving at low speeds. Therefore, it is common to use these two brakings properly in actual driving.

Mechanical braking is divided into disk braking, stepping braking and wheel disk braking. The mechanical braking consists of braking force by the frictional force of the pad mounted on the rotating body and the braking assembly by the braking pressure.

Electric braking includes regenerative braking, resistance braking and eddy current braking. In the case of general railway, regenerative braking and resistance braking are used. In particular, when traveling at high speeds over 300 km / h, eddy current braking is added.

On the other hand, the general conditions of the braking system should be securely secured, secured promptness, secured safety, high capacity of absorbed energy, and the capacity of high absorbed energy is very high friction heat inevitably generated in the case of mechanical braking It becomes large, and the selection of materials or the ability to dissipate heat must be considered together.

Therefore, it is necessary to leak reliable braking force by testing the conditions of the braking device as described above. However, in most cases, the evaluation of braking performance of a railway vehicle only determines the satisfaction of the performance of the overall braking system, that is, the distance and deceleration of the railway vehicle, and the braking force of which the performance of each braking system is blended. There was a problem that does not know whether to satisfy.

As a result, when a new braking device is newly developed, the necessity for measuring the braking force by a direct method is urgently required to confirm whether the developed braking device exhibits a designed braking force.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for directly measuring braking performance of a mechanical braking device such as a disk, a tread, and a wheel disk braking.

In one preferred embodiment, the braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring device and measuring method by disk braking of a railway vehicle according to the present invention solve all of the above-described problems, and the rotating body (disk or tread face) is compressed air by air braking. The present invention provides a braking force and a pressure buoyancy measuring device by a disk braking of a railroad car that directly measures a pressing force for pressing a friction pad (Pa) and a braking force between the rotating body and the friction material exerted by the pressing force.                         

Still other objects and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a measuring device for compressed air flows out of the brake cylinder to the brake cylinder to operate the brake link mechanism to measure the braking force, the brake link mechanism is a link connection with the brake cylinder And a brake lever provided with a sensing means for measuring the pressure buoyancy generated during braking on a horizontal plane extending in the longitudinal direction, linked to and connected to the brake lever, and a pad is mounted on one side thereof. Braking pad holder hanger provided with a sensing means for measuring the pressure buoyancy generated during braking to the portion connected to the brake lever and receiving the pressure buoyancy signal generated from the sensing means provided in the braking lever, the brake pad holder hanger It is achieved by being composed of pressure buoyancy measurement means that can be post-processed and read directly.

In addition, the sensing means is characterized in that the strain gauge.

In addition, the strain gauge is characterized in that the full bridge method is applied.

In addition, the pressure buoyancy measuring means is a gauge bridge for detecting the deformation of the measurement object from the sensing means to change the resistance to change the voltage, an amplifier for amplifying a minute voltage signal output from the gauge bridge, And a PC including an A / D converter for converting the signal amplified by the amplifier into a digital signal, and a display unit for converting the digital signal converted by the A / D converter into pressure buoyancy data for display. .

In addition, the gauge bridge is characterized in that a simple circuit and easy to use, and a direct current method with excellent drift characteristics is applied.

In addition, the A / D converter has a maximum of 16 channels.

The PC may further include an extended memory unit for separately storing the analyzed pressure buoyancy data.

In addition, the expansion memory unit is built-in software for converting the buoyancy data and braking force data, it is characterized in that the removable PC hard disk.

In addition, the PC is characterized in that it further comprises an interface unit for transmitting the buoyancy data analyzed by the A / D converter to the hard disk.

In addition, the interface unit is characterized in that the RS232C serial communication.

Hereinafter, one preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 shows a braking action diagram for supplying compressed air for braking a disk of a railway vehicle, and FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate a braking device equipped with a braking force and a pressure buoyancy measuring device by disk braking of a railway vehicle according to the present invention. Figure 3a, 3b is a front view and a plan view of a braking lever equipped with a sensing means for detecting the braking force and pressure buoyancy by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the invention, Figures 4a, 4b Is a front and partial cross-sectional view of a brake pad holder hanger equipped with a sensing means for detecting the braking force and the pressure buoyancy by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention.

First, FIG. 1 shows a braking action diagram for supplying compressed air for disk braking of a railroad car. The braking action is a braking compression for a vehicle (locomotive, passenger car) by manipulating a braking valve (not shown) of a locomotive. Supply air. At this time, the compressed air supplied through the braking tube (2) is stored in the auxiliary air (1), but if the pressure of the braking tube (2) is lowered during braking, the compressed air is transferred by the action of the balance piston (4). It is supplied to the braking cylinder (3) of the vehicle to perform a braking action, the compressed air sent to the braking cylinder (3) by operating the pad (5) associated with the brake link mechanism 10 to the axle (6) The installed disk 7 is crimped.

 The brake link mechanism 10 is connected to the brake cylinder 3 to be linked to the operation, the brake lever provided with a sensing means 12 for measuring the pressure buoyancy generated during braking on a horizontal plane extending in the longitudinal direction 14 and the brake lever 14 is linked to the link, and the pad 5 is mounted to one side thereof, and the pressure buoyancy generated when braking to a portion linked to the brake lever 14 can be measured. It consists of a brake pad holder hanger 16 provided with a sensing means (12).

The brake lever 14 is linked to the brake cylinder 3, and a fixing hole 14a capable of fixing a plurality of link supports is formed on the plane.

When the braking lever 14 operates, a sensing means 12, which serves to measure the pressure buoyancy generated during operation, is mounted on the plane or in the fixing groove 14b.

The brake pad holder hanger 16 is linked to and connected to the brake lever 14, and on one side thereof, the pad 5 is mounted to directly receive a pressing force received from the pad 5.

In addition, the sensing means 12 is provided inside the brake pad holder hanger 16 to measure the pressure buoyancy.

Here, the braking force and the sensing means 12 for measuring the same will be described. The pressing force, which is the force for pressing the pad 5 and the disc 7 with compressed air, is converted into a force for stopping the disc 7 and is expressed as a braking force.

Strain gage is preferably applied to the sensing means 12 according to the present invention.

In general, strain gages are mainly used for stress measurement and load measurement for structural analysis. These strain gages can directly measure the deformation of the object to be measured and convert it into an electrical signal to obtain. It is applied to the present invention because there is an advantage that can know the strain or the stress change.

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Figure 5 shows a strain gage connection method of the full bridge method applied to the present invention, the strain gauge connection method of the full bridge method considering the Poisson's Ratio (Poisson's Ratio) in the case of a rod subjected to tension or compression For example, when the torque of the rod is measured, bending loads are generated due to bearings, couplings, shaft alignment errors, etc., as well as tensile or compressive loads that transmit rotational force. Since it can be used in the case of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the strain gage connection method of the full bridge method in the present invention.

Then, the sensing means 12 should be connected to the pressure buoyancy measuring means 20 to be described later. Accordingly, in the present invention, a sensor cable (not shown) connected to the sensing means 12 is installed on one side of the brake lever 14 and the brake pad holder hanger 16 by screwing.

   Figure 6 is mounted on the braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring device by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention receives the pressure buoyancy signal generated from the sensing means 12, the pressure buoyancy measuring means 20 can be processed and read directly ) Shows a configuration diagram and an operation flow diagram, the pressure buoyancy force measuring means 20 detects the deformation of the measurement object from the sensing means 12 and changes it into a change in resistance and changes it into a change in voltage. And an amplifier 24 for amplifying the minute voltage signal output from the gauge bridge 22, an A / D converter 26 for converting the signal amplified by the amplifier 24 into a digital signal, and the A It is composed of a PC 30 including a display unit for converting the digital signal converted by the / D converter 26 to the pressure buoyancy data for display.

The gauge bridge 22 detects the deformation of the measurement object from the strain gauge and converts it into a change in resistance. The gauge bridge 22 converts the voltage into a change in voltage. The DC bridge has a simple circuit and is easy to use and has excellent drift characteristics. It is characterized by the application.

On the other hand, after checking how the output value coming from the sensing means 12 should be determined to use the input range of the A / D converter 26. For example, in the case of the strain gage applied to the present invention, a power supply of about 3-24 V should be supplied, and the output value is 3-30 mV, and a very small voltage is generated. Therefore, the strain gage is directly connected to the A / D converter 26. It cannot be measured.

In this case, a high precision amplifier 24 capable of amplifying the strain gauge output by about 1,000 times is provided.

In this way, the energy obtained as the transmission of the sensing means 12 is the amount of electricity, but for the systemization, the energy must be finally converted into an electric signal (mainly in the form of voltage).

In addition, a signal obtained from an object is generally an analog signal, and according to a signal processing method, an analog signal is used as it is or an analog signal is converted into a digital signal.

In the present invention, processing by the PC 30 described later requires the output of a digital signal, and a technique for converting an analog signal to a digital signal (A / D conversion technology) is applied.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the specification of the A / D converter 30 applied to satisfy the above conditions has 16 bits of resolution, 16 channels, and 16 channels of channels. .

This makes it possible to mount up to 16 sensing means 12 to the A / D converter 26.

In addition, when 5V voltage is input, resolution is read by A / D converter 30 having 16bit resolution. 5V voltage signals are divided into 65,536 powers of 2 and read out 100,000 times per second. Has the ability to read data.

Subsequently, this 65,536 digital value is converted into a voltage and displayed on the display or more of the PC 30 so that it can be directly read by the pressing force and the braking force.

Furthermore, when converting a continuous analog signal to digital, sampling processing is performed. In order to digitize the voltage, the amplitude value of the waveform should be periodically extracted and its magnitude changed to a binary code, and at least twice as high as the frequency of the signal waveform. Sample at (fast) frequency.

In order to cope with this, in the present invention, the sampling rate is extracted at 50,000 times per second, and the sampling rate is high. Therefore, the amount of data is large, and the pressure buoyancy and braking force information values are increased. It can be displayed precisely.

In this way, the pressure and braking force information converted by the A / D converter 26 into digital data capable of recognizing an analog signal is processed into an appropriate formula, and then converted into a readable value, and the analyzed data can be read separately. It is stored in the expansion memory unit 29 for storing.

In addition, the expansion memory unit 29 is a built-in software for converting the buoyancy data and braking force data, characterized in that the removable PC hard disk.

The PC 30 applies a general PC 30 equipped with a display unit, communicates with a communication device inside the PC 30 to monitor a physical situation in a long distance, and the output range of the sensing means 12 is After checking the data, the data is collected, analyzed and directly controlled.

 The PC 30 is provided with a communication device for transmitting the pressure and braking force information converted into digital data by the A / D converter 30 to the PC 30. In the present invention, the EIA (USA Electric) The global standard for serial communication, standardized by the Electronic Industries Association, is called the EIA-RS232C standard, and RS232, which defines alternative electrical / mechanical characteristics and interface circuit functions, is applied within the standard. do.

In addition, the software stored in the expansion memory unit 29 applied to the present invention can be programmed directly without a dedicated driver even in a general programming environment such as Visual C ++, Visual BASIC, Delphi, etc. by graphicizing the measured pressure buoyancy and braking force Enable output.

In addition, the above-mentioned smart devices and high-speed processing capability can be easily mounted and used at any site that a user wants to measure and control, and anyone can build a data collection / control solution by using simple programming software using a PC (30). have.

This invention can be implemented in other various forms, without deviating from the mind or main characteristic. For this reason, the above-described embodiments are merely examples in all respects and should not be interpreted limitedly. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of the claims, and is not limited by the specification text. Again, all variations and modifications belonging to the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.

As described in detail above, according to the braking force and pressure buoyancy measurement device by the disk braking of the railroad vehicle according to the invention, in particular, the rotating body (disk or tread) by compressed air by air braking, such as disk, tread, wheel disk braking And the pressing force for pressing the friction material (pad) and the braking force between the rotating body and the friction material exerted by the pressing force can be measured directly.

Figure 7 is a graphic of the conventional braking performance of the blended pressure and braking force, Figures 8a, 8b is the pressure and braking force measured by the braking force and the pressure buoyancy measurement device by the disk braking of the railway vehicle according to the invention Graphically, it can be seen from the above graph that the braking performance can be judged at a glance by comparing the braking force, and the friction coefficient characteristic of the pad with respect to the traveling speed can also be confirmed.

Therefore, the present invention has the effect of predicting and confirming the performance of the designed braking device in comparison with the blended braking force proposed in the design specification of the braking device by directly measuring the mechanical braking force of the railway vehicle.

Claims (10)

In the measuring device for compressed air exits the braking cylinder flows into the brake cylinder to operate the brake link mechanism to measure the braking force, the brake link mechanism is linked to the brake cylinder and linked to the operation, and extend in the longitudinal direction Braking lever provided with a sensing means for measuring the pressure buoyancy generated during braking on a horizontal surface, the link is linked to the brake lever, interlocked, the pad is mounted to one side, the braking lever is generated when the link is connected to the brake lever A brake pad holder hanger provided with a sensing means capable of measuring the pressure buoyancy, and a pressure buoyancy measuring means capable of directly processing the received pressure signal generated from the sensing means provided on the brake lever and the brake pad holder hanger. Braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring apparatus by the disk braking of the railway vehicle, characterized in that comprises a. The method of claim 1, The sensing means is a braking force and pressure buoyancy measurement apparatus by the disk braking of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the strain gauge. The method of claim 2, The strain gauge is a braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring apparatus by the disk braking of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the full bridge method is applied. The method of claim 1, The pressure buoyancy measuring means includes a gauge bridge for detecting a deformation of a measurement object from a sensing means and changing the resistance to a change in voltage, an amplifier for amplifying a minute voltage signal output from the gauge bridge, and the amplifier. A / D converter for converting the signal amplified by the digital signal, and a railway vehicle comprising a PC including a display unit for converting the digital signal converted by the A / D converter into pressure buoyancy data for display Brake force and pressure buoyancy measuring device by disk braking The method of claim 4, wherein The gauge bridge is a simple circuit and convenient to use, the braking force and pressure buoyancy measurement device by the disk braking of the rail vehicle characterized in that the excellent drift characteristics is applied. The method of claim 4, wherein The A / D converter has a maximum of 16 channels, the braking force and the buoyancy measurement device by the disk brake of the railway vehicle, characterized in that. The method of claim 4, wherein The PC may further include an expansion memory unit for separately storing the analyzed pressure buoyancy data, the braking force and the pressure buoyancy measurement apparatus by the disk braking of the railway vehicle. The method of claim 7, wherein The expansion memory unit includes software for converting the buoyancy data and the braking force data, and the braking force and the buoyancy measurement device by the disk braking of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the removable PC hard disk. The method of claim 4, wherein The PC is braking force and pressure buoyancy measuring apparatus by the disk braking of the railway vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises an interface for transmitting the buoyancy data analyzed by the A / D converter to the hard disk. The method of claim 9, The interface unit for measuring the braking force and the buoyancy by the disk brake of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the RS232C serial communication.

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